Peoples of the Peoples of the SouthwestSouthwest

Chapter 2 Chapter 2

Lesson 3Lesson 3

Vocabulary Lesson 3Vocabulary Lesson 3

Irrigation: Irrigation:

a way of supplying water to crops with a way of supplying water to crops with streams, ditches, or pipesstreams, ditches, or pipes

Staple:Staple:

a main crop that is used for fooda main crop that is used for food Ceremony: Ceremony:

a special event at which people gather a special event at which people gather to express important beliefsto express important beliefs

People of the SouthwestPeople of the Southwest

Region includes present day ArizonaRegion includes present day Arizona

and New Mexico. Also stretches across and New Mexico. Also stretches across areas that we know today- Utah, areas that we know today- Utah, Colorado, Nevada, Texas, and Colorado, Nevada, Texas, and California California

>Part of the Rocky mountains>Part of the Rocky mountains

> Large area of region is flat and desert> Large area of region is flat and desert

>Small amount of rain>Small amount of rain

People and The LandPeople and The Land Climate influenced the way Climate influenced the way

Southwest Indians livedSouthwest Indians lived Very dry area where trees Very dry area where trees

would not grow; did not rain would not grow; did not rain often, often, mostly dessertmostly dessert

They were farmers; lack or They were farmers; lack or rain affected agriculturerain affected agriculture

Used irrigation systems to Used irrigation systems to help water crops help water crops

Irrigation systems were Irrigation systems were ditches, streams, or pipes ditches, streams, or pipes that allowed water to be sent that allowed water to be sent to crops in need of waterto crops in need of water

Water from the rivers flowed Water from the rivers flowed through irrigation system.through irrigation system.

People and The LandPeople and The Land

Planted Corn deep Planted Corn deep in the ground so in the ground so roots could get roots could get moisture from the moisture from the earthearth

Crops were also Crops were also planted in areas that planted in areas that flooded during the flooded during the spring rainsspring rains

Planted corn, beans, Planted corn, beans, squashsquash

People and The LandPeople and The Land Trees did not grow Trees did not grow

since the land was since the land was drydry

Built adobes- Built adobes- houses made of houses made of sticks, stones, and sticks, stones, and clayclay

Usually built Usually built houses on steep houses on steep mesas to protect mesas to protect them from attacksthem from attacks

The HopiThe Hopi

Oldest Indian group in SouthwestOldest Indian group in Southwest Began living in Arizona before 1350 Began living in Arizona before 1350 Lived in dry landLived in dry land Used irrigation system to grow Used irrigation system to grow

beans, squash, and cornbeans, squash, and corn Corn was their staple cropCorn was their staple crop

The HopiThe Hopi Grew yellow, blue, red, Grew yellow, blue, red,

white, and purple corn white, and purple corn and stored them in and stored them in rooms in their pueblorooms in their pueblo

Hopis constructed pots Hopis constructed pots from clay to store food from clay to store food and water in and water in

First people to fire First people to fire pottery; this makes pottery; this makes pottery hard and strongpottery hard and strong

They crushed colorful They crushed colorful rocks and used this to rocks and used this to make sand paintingsmake sand paintings

The HopiThe Hopi

Religion was important themReligion was important them Felt they were meant to be Felt they were meant to be caretakers of caretakers of

the landthe land Caretaking of the land included prayer Caretaking of the land included prayer

and yearlong calendar ceremoniesand yearlong calendar ceremonies Believed in Kachinas-spirits that came and Believed in Kachinas-spirits that came and

helped them which the men dressed up helped them which the men dressed up like and danced in costume. The children like and danced in costume. The children had carved dolls to remind them what had carved dolls to remind them what each kachina represented.each kachina represented.

Hopi TodayHopi Today

Still follow cultural traditionsStill follow cultural traditions Still live in villages in SouthwestStill live in villages in Southwest Still have dances and ceremoniesStill have dances and ceremonies Skilled at making pottery, weavings, Skilled at making pottery, weavings,

baskets, and silver jewelrybaskets, and silver jewelry Today they hold jobs in local Today they hold jobs in local

business and other professional business and other professional fields.fields.

Vocabulary ReviewVocabulary Review

Staple: Staple:

a main crop that is used for fooda main crop that is used for food CeremonyCeremony

a special event at which people a special event at which people gather to express important beliefsgather to express important beliefs

Irrigation:Irrigation:

a way of supplying water to crops a way of supplying water to crops with streams, ditches, or pipeswith streams, ditches, or pipes

Vocabulary ReviewVocabulary Review A culture with cities, a government, and A culture with cities, a government, and

many different jobs for people to domany different jobs for people to docivilizationcivilization A mass of ice that moves slowly over land.A mass of ice that moves slowly over land.glacierglacier Growing plants for food; farmingGrowing plants for food; farmingagricultureagriculture A townA town pueblopueblo Movement of people or animals from one Movement of people or animals from one

region to another.region to another. migrationmigration

Vocabulary ReviewVocabulary Review

A traditional feast of Northwest A traditional feast of Northwest IndiansIndians

potlatchpotlatch extraextra

surplussurplus A group of related familiesA group of related families

clanclan