People Power Revolution.docx

8/10/2019 People Power Revolution.docx

1/21

People Power RevolutionFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"People Power" redirects here. For current and former political parties, see People Power Party(disambiguation) .

"EDSA Revolution" redirects here. For other uses, see EDSA Revolution (disambiguation) .

People Power Revolution

Date 22 February 1986 25 February 1986

(3 days)

Location Philippines, primarily Epifanio de los Santos

Avenue , Metro Manila

Causes Alleged corruption by the Marcos regime Assasination of Benigno Aquino Jr. Alleged fraud during the 1986 Presidential

snap elections

Goals Removal of Ferdinand Marcos from office

Result Removal of Ferdinand Marcos from office Marcos exiled to Hawaii

Start of the Fifth Philippine Republic Corazon Aquino becomes President

Parties to the civil conflict

Marcos Government

Armed Forces of the

Supporters of thePeople PowerRevolution Political groups:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Party_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Party_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Party_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Party_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDSA_Revolution_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDSA_Revolution_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDSA_Revolution_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifanio_de_los_Santos_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifanio_de_los_Santos_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifanio_de_los_Santos_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifanio_de_los_Santos_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Philippine_Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Philippine_Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Philippine_Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EDSA_Revolution_pic1.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EDSA_Revolution_pic1.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EDSA_Revolution_pic1.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Philippines_(1965%E2%80%931986)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_Philippine_Republichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifanio_de_los_Santos_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifanio_de_los_Santos_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDSA_Revolution_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Party_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Party_(disambiguation)


2/21

Philippines Forces loyal to

Marcos Presidential Security

Grou p [1]

Government Parties:

Kilusang BagongLipunan

UNIDO

PDP-Laban Liberal Party

Military defectors:

Reform the ArmedForces Movement

Defected soldiers

Others:

Anti-Marcos civilian protesters

Catholic Church in thePhilippines

Archdiocese of Manila CBCP [2]

Militant groups:

Bagong AlyansangMakabaya n[2][3]

Kilusang MayoUno

League of FilipinoStudents

Christians for NationalLiberation

Lead figures

Ferdinand Marcos Imelda Marcos Fabian Ver

Corazon Aquino

Salvador Laurel Juan Ponce Enrile Fidel V. Ramos Gringo Honasan

Jaime Cardinal Sin

Attempts at regime change in thePhilippines (1970 2007)

Civil unrest (1970)

People Power (1986)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_Security_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_Security_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_Security_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_Security_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-lastdays-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-lastdays-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-lastdays-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Bagong_Lipunanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Bagong_Lipunanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Bagong_Lipunanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Bagong_Lipunanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Bagong_Lipunanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationalist_Democratic_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationalist_Democratic_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino-Lakas_ng_Bayanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino-Lakas_ng_Bayanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Constabularyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Constabularyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholicism_in_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholicism_in_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholicism_in_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Bishops%27_Conference_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Bishops%27_Conference_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Bishops%27_Conference_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagong_Alyansang_Makabayanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagong_Alyansang_Makabayanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagong_Alyansang_Makabayanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagong_Alyansang_Makabayanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-convergence-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-convergence-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-convergence-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Mayo_Unohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Mayo_Unohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Mayo_Unohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Mayo_Unohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Mayo_Unohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imelda_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imelda_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Verhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Verhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Laurelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Laurelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Ponce_Enrilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Ponce_Enrilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fidel_V._Ramoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fidel_V._Ramoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Honasanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Honasanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Quarter_Stormhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ayyubid_Flag.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Quarter_Stormhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Honasanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fidel_V._Ramoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Ponce_Enrilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Laurelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Verhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imelda_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Mayo_Unohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Mayo_Unohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-convergence-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-convergence-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagong_Alyansang_Makabayanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagong_Alyansang_Makabayanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Bishops%27_Conference_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Bishops%27_Conference_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archdiocese_of_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholicism_in_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholicism_in_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Constabularyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Philippines)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Demokratiko_Pilipino-Lakas_ng_Bayanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationalist_Democratic_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Bagong_Lipunanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilusang_Bagong_Lipunanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-lastdays-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_Security_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_Security_Grouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Philippines


3/21

1986-90 plots

Honasan's Second (1989)

Fall of Estrada (2001)

May 1 riots (2001)

Oakwood mutiny (2003)

State of emergency (2006)

Manila Peninsula rebellion (2007)

V T E

The People Power Revolution (also known as the EDSA Revolution , the Philippine Revolutionof 1986 , and the Yellow Revolution ) was a series of popular demonstrations in the Philippines thatbegan in 1983 and culminated in 1986. The methods used amounted to a sustained campaignof civil resistance against regime violence and electoral fraud. This case o f nonviolent revolution ledto the departure of President Ferdinand Marcos and the restoration of the country's democracy . It is

also referred to as the Yellow Revolution due to the presence of yellow ribbons during thedemonstrations following the assassination of Benigno Aquino, Jr. .[4][5] It was widely seen as avictory of the people against the 20-year running authoritarian , repressive [6] regime of thenpresident Ferdinand Marcos and made news headlines as "the revolution that surprised the world" .[7]

The majority of the demonstrations took place on a long stretch of Epifanio de los Santos Avenue , more commonly known by its acronym EDSA , in Metropolitan Manila from February 22 25, 1986,and involved over two million Filipino civilians, as well as several political, military, and includingreligious groups led by Cardinal Jaime Sin , the Archbishop of Manila . The protests, fueled by theresistance and opposition from years of corrupt governance by Marcos, culminated with thedeparture of th e dictator from Malacaang Palace to the United States state of Hawaii . Corazon

Aquino was proclaimed as the legitimat e President of the Philippines after the revolution .[8]

Contents[hide ]

1 Background and history o 1.1 Assassination of Ninoy Aquino o 1.2 Calls for election o 1.3 Snap election

2 Events o 2.1 Sin's appeal
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986%E2%80%931990_Philippine_coup_attemptshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986%E2%80%931990_Philippine_coup_attemptshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Philippine_coup_attempthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDSA_Revolution_of_2001http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDSA_IIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakwood_mutinyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakwood_mutinyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_state_of_emergency_in_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_state_of_emergency_in_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Peninsula_rebellionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Peninsula_rebellionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:RegchangeRPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:RegchangeRPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:RegchangeRPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:RegchangeRPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:RegchangeRP&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:RegchangeRP&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonstration_(people)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonstration_(people)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonstration_(people)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonviolent_revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonviolent_revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonviolent_revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatorshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatorshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Halperin-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Halperin-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Gandhi-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Gandhi-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Gandhi-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifanio_de_los_Santos_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifanio_de_los_Santos_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifanio_de_los_Santos_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Background_and_historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Background_and_historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Assassination_of_Ninoy_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Assassination_of_Ninoy_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Calls_for_electionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Calls_for_electionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Snap_electionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Snap_electionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Eventshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Eventshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Sin.27s_appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Sin.27s_appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Sin.27s_appealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Eventshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Snap_electionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Calls_for_electionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Assassination_of_Ninoy_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Background_and_historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1ang_Palacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishop_of_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Manilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epifanio_de_los_Santos_Avenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Gandhi-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Halperin-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictatorshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonviolent_revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demonstration_(people)http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:RegchangeRP&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:RegchangeRPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:RegchangeRPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Peninsula_rebellionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_state_of_emergency_in_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakwood_mutinyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDSA_IIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDSA_Revolution_of_2001http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Philippine_coup_attempthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986%E2%80%931990_Philippine_coup_attempts


4/21

o 2.2 Rising mass support o 2.3 More defections o 2.4 The capture of Channel 4 o 2.5 AFP holds fire o 2.6 Two inaugurations o 2.7 Marcos' departure

3 Aftermath 4 Legacy 5 Criticism 6 Timeline 7 See also

o 7.1 Similar events 8 References 9 Bibliography

Background and history [edit ]

President Ferdinand Marcos

Ferdinand E. Marcos was elected president in 1965 , defeating incumbent Diosdado Macapagal by avery slim margin. During this time, Marcos was very active in the initiation of public works projectsand the intensification of tax collections. Marcos and his government claimed that they "built moreroads than all his predecessors combined, and more schools than any previous

administration" .[9] Amidst charges of vote buying and a fraudulent election, Marcos was reelected in1969, this time defeating Sergio Osmea Jr. [citation needed ]

Marcos's second term for the presidency, however, was marred by allegations of widespread graftand corruption. The increasing disparity of wealth between the very wealthy and the very poor whichmade up the majority of the country's population led to the rise of crime and civil unrest around thecountry. These factors, including the formation of the New People's Army , an armed revolt thatcalled for the redistribution of wealth and land reform in the Philippines, and a bloody Muslimseparatist movement in the southern island of Mindanao led by the Moro National Liberation Front orMNLF , contributed to the rapid rise of civil discontent and unrest in the Philippines. [citation needed ]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Rising_mass_supporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Rising_mass_supporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#More_defectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#More_defectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#The_capture_of_Channel_4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#The_capture_of_Channel_4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#AFP_holds_firehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#AFP_holds_firehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Two_inaugurationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Two_inaugurationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Marcos.27_departurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Marcos.27_departurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Aftermathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Aftermathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Legacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Legacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Criticismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Criticismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Timelinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Timelinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Similar_eventshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Similar_eventshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Bibliographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Bibliographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1965http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1965http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1965http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diosdado_Macapagalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diosdado_Macapagalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diosdado_Macapagalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_People%27s_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_People%27s_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_People%27s_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moro_National_Liberation_Front_or_MNLF&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moro_National_Liberation_Front_or_MNLF&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moro_National_Liberation_Front_or_MNLF&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moro_National_Liberation_Front_or_MNLF&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ferdinand_Marcos.JPEGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ferdinand_Marcos.JPEGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ferdinand_Marcos.JPEGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ferdinand_Marcos.JPEGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moro_National_Liberation_Front_or_MNLF&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moro_National_Liberation_Front_or_MNLF&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_People%27s_Armyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diosdado_Macapagalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1965http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Bibliographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Similar_eventshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Timelinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Criticismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Legacyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Aftermathhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Marcos.27_departurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Two_inaugurationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#AFP_holds_firehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#The_capture_of_Channel_4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#More_defectionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#Rising_mass_support


5/21

Marcos was barred from running for a third term as president in 1973, so on September 23, 1972, byvirtue of a presidential proclamation (No. 1081), he declared martial law , citing rising civildisobedience as justification. Through this decree, Marcos seized emergency powers giving him fullcontrol of the Philippine military and the authority to suppress the freedom of speech, the freedom ofthe press, and many other civil liberties. Marcos also dissolved the Philippine Congress and shutdown media establishments critical of the Marcos government. Marcos also ordered the immediate

arrest of his political opponents and critics. Among those arrested were Senate President JovitoSalonga , Senator Jose Diokno , and Senator Benigno Aquino Jr. , the staunchest of his critics and theman who was groomed by the opposition to succeed Marcos after the 1973 elections. Marcos wouldalso abolish the Philippines' 1935 constitution and replace it with a parliamentary-style government(the Batasang Pambansa ) along with a new constitution written by him. With practically all of hispolitical opponents arrested and in exile, Marcos' pre-emptive declaration of martial law in 1972, andthe ratification of his new constitution through political coercion, enabled him to effectively legitimizehis government and hold on to power for another 14 years beyond his first two terms as president. Ata period when the Cold War was still a political reality, Marcos's dictatorship ensured the politicalsupport of the United States by Marcos' promise to stamp out communism in the Philippines and byassuring the United States of its continued use of military and naval bases in the Philippines .[10]

Throughout his presidency, Ferdinand Marcos had set up a regime in the Philippines that would give

him ultimate power over the military and the national treasury, as well as set up a personality cult . Following his declaration of martial law on September 21, 1972 ,[11] Marcos immediately beganto embezzle money from the government and order the military to kill any political competitionagainst him. As a result, the Philippine economy began to tumble greatly, and the nation lost itscompetitive edge in Southeast Asia. He also ordered many stores, hotels, schools, universities, andother public places to place his Presidential picture prominently or otherwise their facilities were shutdown. The media frequently "eulogized" Marcos through public service announcements and newsreports. Even billboard advertisements across the country were replaced withhis propaganda messages on justifying his regime's actions. Marcos also ordered the shutdown andtakeovers of businesses in the country, then put these businesses either under the governmentcontrol, or under the control of Marcos cronies .[10]

Several groups of people, however, even within the government, conspired throughout the term ofthe Marcos regime to overthrow him. They were led by the popular public figure, incarceratedopposition senator Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino Jr, who Marcos accused of leaning to a left-wing solution. While gaining popularity amongst the Filipino people for his stance against Marcos,

Aquino was eventually forced to seek exile in the United States for health and safety reasons.However, in 1983, Ninoy Aquino announced his plans to return to the Philippines to challenge theMarcos government .[10]

Within the military, disillusioned junior officers silently conveyed their grievances. This led to theformation of the Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM), Soldier of the Filipino People (SFP),and Young Officers Union (YOU). RAM, which was led by graduates of th e Philippine Military

Academy Class of '71, Lt. Col. Gringo Honasan , Lt. Col. Victor Batac , and Lt. Col. EduardoKapunan, found an ally and mentor in the Defense Minister Juan Ponce Enrile .

Assassination of Ninoy Aquino [edit ] Main article: Assassination of Benigno Aquino, Jr.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martial_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martial_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martial_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Congresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Congresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Congresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jovito_Salongahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jovito_Salongahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jovito_Salongahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jovito_Salongahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose_Dioknohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose_Dioknohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose_Dioknohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines#Commonwealth_and_Third_Republic_.281935.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines#Commonwealth_and_Third_Republic_.281935.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines#Commonwealth_and_Third_Republic_.281935.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batasang_Pambansahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batasang_Pambansahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batasang_Pambansahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Celoza-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Celoza-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Celoza-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult_of_personalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult_of_personalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult_of_personalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embezzlementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embezzlementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embezzlementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propagandahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propagandahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propagandahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Celoza-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Celoza-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Celoza-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-wing_politicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-wing_politicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-wing_politicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-wing_politicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Celoza-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Celoza-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Celoza-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Military_Academyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Military_Academyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Military_Academyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Military_Academyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Honasanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Honasanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Honasanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Batachttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Batachttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Batachttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Ponce_Enrilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Ponce_Enrilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Ponce_Enrilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Benigno_Aquino,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Benigno_Aquino,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Benigno_Aquino,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Benigno_Aquino,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Ponce_Enrilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Batachttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Honasanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Military_Academyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Military_Academyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Celoza-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-wing_politicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left-wing_politicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Celoza-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cronieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propagandahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embezzlementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult_of_personalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Celoza-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batasang_Pambansahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Philippines#Commonwealth_and_Third_Republic_.281935.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose_Dioknohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jovito_Salongahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jovito_Salongahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Congresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martial_law


6/21

The Manila Bulletin headline of Aquino's assassination on August 21, 1983

Despite warnings from the military and other pro-Marcos groups, Ninoy Aquino was determined toreturn to the Philippines. Asked what he thought of the death threats, Ninoy Aquino responded, TheFilipino is worth dying for. [this quote needs a citation ]

On August 21, 1983, after a three-year exile in the United States , Aquino was assassinated as hewas disembarking from a Taiwanese commercial flight at the Manila International Airport (which waslater renamed in Aquinos honor) .[12] His assassination shocked and outraged many Filipinos, mostof whom had lost confidence in the Marcos administration. The event led to more suspicions aboutthe government, triggering non-cooperation among Filipinos that eventually led to outright civildisobedience .[13] It also shook the Marcos government, which was by then deteriorating due, in part,to Marcos worsening health and ultimately fatal illness (lupus erythematosus ).[citation needed ]

The assassination of Ninoy Aquino caused the economy of the country to deteriorate even further,and the government plunged further into debt. By the end of 1983, the country was bankrupt, andthe economy contracted by 6.8% .[14]

In 1984, Marcos appointed a commission, led by Chief Justice Enrique Fernando , to launch aninvestigation into Aquinos assassination. Despite the commissions conclusions, Cardinal Jaime Sin , the Archbishop of Manila, declined an offer to join the commission and rejected the governmentsviews on the assassination. By October, Marcos appointed a second commission to investigate. Thecommissions final report accused the military of staging a conspiracy to assassinate Aquino, dealinganother major blow to the already collapsing government. [citation needed ]

Calls for election [edit ] Main article: Philippine presidential election, 1986

On November 3, 1985, after pressures from Washington ,[15] Marcos suddenly announced that apresidential snap election would take place the following year, one year ahead of the regularpresidential election schedule, to legitimize his control over the country .[16] The snap election waslegalized with the passage of Batas Pambansa Blg. 883 (National Law No. 883) by the Marcos-controlled unicameral congress called the Regular Batasang Pambansa . The growing oppositionmovement encouraged Ninoy Aquino's widow, Corazon Aquino, to run for the presidencywith Salvador Laurel as running mate for vice-president. Marcos ran for re-election, with Arturo
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Bulletinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Bulletinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Bulletinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Quotationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Quotationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Quotationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassinationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassinationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassinationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_disobediencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_disobediencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_disobediencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupus_erythematosushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupus_erythematosushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupus_erythematosushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrique_Fernandohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrique_Fernandohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrique_Fernandohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_D.C.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_D.C.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-NSM-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-NSM-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-NSM-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_Batasang_Pambansahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_Batasang_Pambansahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_Batasang_Pambansahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Laurelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Laurelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Laurelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arturo_Tolentinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arturo_Tolentinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:August_21,_1983_-_Aquino_Shot_Dead!.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:August_21,_1983_-_Aquino_Shot_Dead!.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:August_21,_1983_-_Aquino_Shot_Dead!.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:August_21,_1983_-_Aquino_Shot_Dead!.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arturo_Tolentinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Laurelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_Batasang_Pambansahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-NSM-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_D.C.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrique_Fernandohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupus_erythematosushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_disobediencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_disobediencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassinationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Quotationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_Bulletin


7/21

Tolentino as his running mate. The Aquino-Laurel tandem ran under the United Opposition (UNIDO)party, while the Marcos-Tolentino ticket ran under the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL) party .[17]

Snap election [edit ] Main article: Philippine presidential election, 1986

The elections were held on February 7, 1986 .[16] The official election canvasser, the Commission on

Elections (COMELEC), declared Marcos the winner. The final tally of the COMELEC had Marcoswinning with 10,807,197 votes against Aquino's 9,291,761 votes. On the other hand, the final tally ofthe National Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL), an accredited poll watcher, had Aquinowinning with 7,835,070 votes against Marcos' 7,053,068 points .[18] This electoral exercise wasmarred by widespread reports of violence and tampering of election results, culminating in thewalkout of 29 COMELEC computer technicians to protest the deliberate manipulation of the officialelection results to favor Ferdinand Marcos. The walkout was considered as one of the early "sparks"of the People Power Revolution. The walkout also served as an affirmation to allegations of vote-buying, fraud, and tampering of election results by the KBL .[19]

Because of reports of alleged fraud, the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP)issued a statement condemning the elections. The United States Senate also passed a resolutionstating the same condemnation .[16] US president Ronald Reagan issued a statement calling the

fraud reports as "disturbing" .[20]

In response to the protests, COMELEC claimed that Marcos with 53percent won over Aquino. However, NAMFREL countered that the latter won over Marcos with 52percent of votes .[21]

On February 15, Marcos was proclaimed by COMELEC and Batasang Pambansa as the winneramidst the controversy. All 50 opposition members of the Parliament walked out in protest. TheFilipino people refused to accept the results, however, asserting that Aquino was the real victor. Both"winners" took their oath of office in two different places, with Aquino gaining greater mass support.

Aquino also called for coordinated strikes and mass boycott of the media and businesses owned byMarcos's cronies. As a result, the crony banks, corporations, and media were hit hard, and theirshares in the stock market plummeted to record levels. [citation needed ]

Events [edit ] Appalled by the bold and apparent election irregularities, the Reform the Armed ForcesMovement set into motion a coup attempt against Marcos. The initial plan was for a team to assaultMalacaan Palace and arrest Ferdinand Marcos. Other military units would take over key strategicfacilities, such as the airport , military bases, TV and radio stations, the GHQAFP in Camp Aguinaldo , and major highway junctions to restrict counteroffensive by Marcos-loyal troops.

Lt. Col. Gregorio Honasan was to lead the team that was going to assault Malacaan Palace.

However, after Marcos learned about the plot, he ordered their leaders' arrest ,[22] and presented tothe international and local press some of the captured plotters, Maj. Saulito Aromin and Maj.Edgardo Doromal .[23]

Threatened with their impending imprisonment, Enrile and his fellow coup plotters decided to ask for

help from then AFP Vice Chief of Staff Lt. Gen Fidel Ramos , who was also the chief of the PhilippineConstabulary (now the Philippine National Police). Ramos agreed to resign from his position andsupport the plotters. Enrile also contacted the highly influential Cardinal Archbishop of Manila JaimeSin for his support.

At about 6:30 pm on 22 February, Enrile and Ramos held a press conference at Camp Aguinaldo,where they announced that they had resigned from their positions in Marcos's cabinet and werewithdrawing support from his government. Marcos himself later conducted his own news conferencecalling on Enrile and Ramos to surrender, urging them to "stop this stupidity. "[24]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arturo_Tolentinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arturo_Tolentinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-NSM-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-NSM-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-NSM-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Electionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Electionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Electionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Electionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Movement_for_Free_Electionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Movement_for_Free_Electionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Movement_for_Free_Electionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Bishops%27_Conference_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Bishops%27_Conference_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Bishops%27_Conference_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-NSM-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-NSM-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-NSM-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Aguinaldohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Aguinaldohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Aguinaldohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Honasanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Honasanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Honasanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fidel_Ramoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fidel_Ramoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fidel_Ramoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fidel_Ramoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorio_Honasanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Aguinaldohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ninoy_Aquino_International_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reform_the_Armed_Forces_Movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-NSM-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Bishops%27_Conference_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Movement_for_Free_Electionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Electionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Electionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-NSM-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_presidential_election,_1986http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arturo_Tolentino


8/21

Sin's appeal [edit ] In a message aired over Radio Veritas at around 9 pm, Cardinal Sin exhorted Filipinos to aid rebelleaders by going to the section of EDSA between Camp Crame and Aguinaldo and giving emotionalsupport, food and other supplies. For many this seemed an unwise decision since civilians would notstand a chance against a dispersal by government troops. Many people, especially priests and nuns,still trooped to EDSA .[24]

Radio Veritas played a critical role during the mass uprising. Former University of thePhilippines president Francisco Nemenzo stated that: " Without Radio Veritas, it would have beendifficult, if not impossible, to mobilize millions of people in a matter of hours ." Similarly, a certainaccount in the event said that: " Radio Veritas, in fact, was our umbilical cord to whatever else wasgoing on ."[25]

Rising mass support [edit ]

During the height of the revolution, an estimated one to three million people filled EDSA from Ortigas Avenue all the

way to Cubao. The photo above shows the area at the intersection of EDSA and Boni Serrano Avenue, just between

Camp Crame and Camp Aguinaldo.

At dawn, Sunday, government troops arrived to knock down the main transmitter of Radio Veritas,cutting off broadcasts to people in the provinces. The station switched to a standby transmitter with alimited range of broadcast .[25] The station was targeted because it had proven to be a valuablecommunications tool for the people supporting the rebels, keeping them informed of governmenttroop movements and relaying requests for food, medicine, and supplies .[24]

Still, people came to EDSA until it swelled to hundreds of thousands of unarmed civilians. The moodin the street was actually very festive, with many bringing whole families. Performers entertained thecrowds, nuns and priests led prayer vigils, and people set up barricades and makeshift sandbags,trees, and vehicles in several places along EDSA and intersecting streets such as Santolan andOrtigas Avenue. Everywhere, people listened to Radio Veritas on their radios. Several groupssang Bayan Ko (My Homeland) ,[26]which, since 1980, had become a patriotic anthem of theopposition. People frequently flashed the LABAN (fight) sign ,[27] which is an "L" formed with their

thumb and index finger. After lunch on February 23, Enrile and Ramos decided to consolidate their positions. Enrile crossedEDSA from Camp Aguinaldo toCamp Crame amidst cheers from the crowd .[24]

In the mid-afternoon, Radio Veritas relayed reports of Marines massing near the camps in the eastand LVT-5 tanks approaching from the north and south. A contingent of Marines with tanks andarmored vans, led by Brigadier General Artemio Tadiar, was stopped along Ortigas Avenue, abouttwo kilometers from the camps, by tens of thousands of people .[28] Nuns holding rosaries knelt infront of the tanks and men and women linked arms together to block the troops .[29] Tadiar asked the
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Veritashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Veritashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Veritashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Cramehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Cramehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Cramehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Aguinaldohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Aguinaldohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-McCargo-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-McCargo-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-McCargo-25http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-McCargo-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-McCargo-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-McCargo-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayan_Kohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayan_Kohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayan_Kohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Aguinaldohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Aguinaldohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Aguinaldohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Cramehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Cramehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Veritashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Veritashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Veritashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Marine_Corpshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Marine_Corpshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Marine_Corpshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LVT-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LVT-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LVT-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EDSA_Revolution_pic1.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EDSA_Revolution_pic1.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EDSA_Revolution_pic1.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EDSA_Revolution_pic1.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LVT-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Marine_Corpshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Veritashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Cramehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Aguinaldohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayan_Kohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-McCargo-25http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-McCargo-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Aguinaldohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp_Cramehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Veritashttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=6


9/21

crowds to make a clearing for them, but they did not budge. In the end, the troops retreated with noshots fired .[24]

By evening, the standby transmitter of Radio Veritas failed. Shortly after midnight, the staff were ableto go to another station to begin broadcasting from a secret location under the moniker "RadyoBandido" (Bandit Radio). June Keithley, with Angelo Castro, Jr. , was the radio broadcaster whocontinued Radio Veritas' program throughout the night and in the remaining days .[24]

More defections [edit ] At dawn on Monday, February 24, the first serious encounter with government troops occurred.Marines marching from Libis, in the east, lobbed tear gas at the demonstrators, who quicklydispersed. Some 3,000 Marines then entered and held the east side of Camp Aguinaldo .[24]

Later, helicopters manned by the 15th Strike Wing of the Philippine Air Force , led by Colonel AntonioSotelo, were ordered from Sangley Point in Cavite (South of Manila) to head to CampCrame .[30] Secretly, the squadron had already defected and instead of attacking Camp Crame,landed in it, with the crowds cheering and hugging the pilots and crew members. A Bell214 helicopter piloted by Major Deo Cruz of the 205th Helicopter Wing and Sikorsky S-76 gunshipspiloted by Colonel Charles Hotchkiss of the 20th Air Commando Squadron joined the rebel squadronearlier in the air. The presence of the helicopters boosted the morale of Enrile and Ramos who hadbeen continually encouraging their fellow soldiers to join the opposition movement .[24] In theafternoon, Aquino arrived at the base where Enrile, Ramos, RAM officers and a throng werewaiting .[30]

The capture of Channel 4 [edit ] At around that time, June Keithley received reports that Marcos had left Malacaang Palace andbroadcast this to the people at EDSA. The crowd celebrated and even Ramos and Enrile came outfrom Crame to appear to the crowds. The jubilation was however short-lived as Marcos laterappeared on television on the government-controlled Channel 4 ,[31] (using the foreclosed ABS-CBN facilities, transmitter and compound) declaring that he would not step down. It was thereafterspeculated that the false report was a calculated move against Marcos to encourage moredefections .[24]

During this broadcast, Channel 4 suddenly went off the air. A contingent of rebels, under ColonelMariano Santiago, had captured the station. Channel 4 was put back on line shortly after noon, withOrly Punzalan announcing, "Channel 4 is on the air again to serve the people." By this time, thecrowds at EDSA had swollen to over a million. (Some estimates placed them at two million. )[24] Thisbroadcast was considered the "return" of ABS-CBN on air because this was the time when formeremployees of ABS-CBN were inside the complex after 14 years of closure since Marcos took it overduring the Martial law of 1972.

In the late afternoon, rebel helicopters attacked Villamor Airbase , destroying presidential air assets. Another helicopter went to Malacaang , fired a rocket and caused minor damage. Later, most of theofficers who had graduated from the Philippine Military Academy (PMA) defected. The majority ofthe Armed Forces had already changed sides .[24]

AFP holds fire [edit ]

"Marcos' finest hour"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DZRJ-AMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DZRJ-AMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DZRJ-AMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DZRJ-AMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelo_Castro,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelo_Castro,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelo_Castro,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Air_Forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Air_Forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Air_Forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Crisostomo-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Crisostomo-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Crisostomo-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_214http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_214http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_214http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_214http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky_S-76http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky_S-76http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky_S-76http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Crisostomo-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Crisostomo-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Crisostomo-30http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_Keithleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_Keithleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_Keithleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DWGT-TVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DWGT-TVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villamor_Airbasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villamor_Airbasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villamor_Airbasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Military_Academyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Military_Academyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Military_Academyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marcos_-_ver.ogghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marcos_-_ver.ogghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Marcos_-_ver.ogghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Military_Academyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villamor_Airbasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABS-CBNhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DWGT-TVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_Keithleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Crisostomo-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky_S-76http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_214http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_214http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Crisostomo-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Air_Forcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelo_Castro,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DZRJ-AMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DZRJ-AMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24


10/21

MENU

0:00

President FerdinandMarcos and General FabianVer during a press

conference in MalacaanPalace.

Problems playing this file? See media help .

The actual dialogue on TV between Marcos and then AFP Chief of Staff General Fabian Ver went asfollows:

Fabian Ver: The Ambush there is aiming to mount there in the top. Very quickly, you mustimmediately leave to conquer them, immediately, Mr. President. Ferdinand Marcos: Just wait, come here. Ver: Please, Your Honor, so we can immediately strike them. We have to immobilize the helicoptersthat they've got. We have two fighter planes flying now to strike at any time, sir. Marcos: My order is not to attack. No, no, no! Hold on. My order is not to attack. Ver: They are massing civilians near our troops and we cannot keep on withdrawing. You asked meto withdraw yesterday-

Marcos (interrupting) : Uh yes, but ah... My order is to disperse without shooting them. Ver: We cannot withdraw all the time...

Two inaugurations [edit ]

Corazon Aquino was inaugurated as the 11th president of the Philippines On February 25, 1986 at Sampaguita Hall

(Now Kalayaan Hall)

On the morning of Tuesday, February 25, at around 7 a.m., a minor clash occurred between loyalgovernment troops and the reformists. Snipers stationed atop the government-owned Channel 9tower, near Channel 4, began shooting at the reformists. Many rebel soldiers surged to thestation .[24]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Verhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Verhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Verhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Verhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_helphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_helphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_helphttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Corazon_Aquino_inauguration.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Corazon_Aquino_inauguration.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Corazon_Aquino_inauguration.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Corazon_Aquino_inauguration.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Corazon_Aquino_inauguration.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Corazon_Aquino_inauguration.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=People_Power_Revolution&action=edit&section=11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_helphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Verhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabian_Verhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines


11/21

Later in the morning, Corazon Aquino was inaugurated as President of the Philippines in a simpleceremony at Club Filipino [32] in Greenhills, about a kilometer from Camp Crame. She was sworn inas President by Senior Associate Justice Claudio Teehankee , and Laurel as Vice-President byJustice Vicente Abad Santos. The Bible on which Aquino swore her oath was held by Aurora Aquino,the mother of Ninoy Aquino . Attending the ceremonies were Ramos, who was then promoted toGeneral, Enrile, and many politicians .[24]Outside Club Filipino, all the way to EDSA, hundreds of

people cheered and celebrated. Bayan Ko (My Country , a popular folk song and the unofficialNational Anthem of protest) was sung after Aquino's oath-taking. Many people wore yellow, the colorof Aquino's campaign for presidency.

An hour later, Marcos held the inauguration at Malacaan Palace . Loyalist civilians attended theceremony, shouting " Marcos, Marcos, Marcos pa rin! (Marcos, Marcos, still Marcos!)". On the Palacebalcony, Marcos took the Oath of Office, broadcast by IBC-13 and GMA-7 .[24] None of the invitedforeign dignitaries attended the ceremony, for security reasons. The couple finally emerged on thebalcony of the Palace before 3,000 KBL loyalists who were shouting, "Capture the snakes! "[33]Rathertearfully ,[33] First Lady Imelda Marcos gave a farewell rendition of the couple's theme song the1938 kundiman " Dahil Sa Iyo " (Because of You) chanting the song's entreaties in Tagalog :

Because of you, I became happyLoving I shall offer youIf it is true I shall be enslaved by you

All of this because of you .[33]

After the inauguration, the Marcos family and their close associates hurriedly fled the Palace. Thebroadcast of the event was interrupted as rebel troops successfully captured the other stations .[24]

By this time, hundreds of people had amassed at the barricades along Mendiola , only a hundredmeters away from Malacaang. They were prevented from storming the Palace by loyal governmenttroops securing the area. The angry demonstrators were pacified by priests who warned them not tobe violent .[24]

Marcos' departure [edit ] At 3:00 p.m. (EST ) on Monday, President Marcos phoned United States Senator Paul

Laxalt ,[33]

asking for advice from the White House . Laxalt advised him to "cut and cut cleanly" ,[33]

towhich Marcos expressed his disappointment after a short pause. In the afternoon, Marcos talked toMinister Enrile, asking for safe passage for him, his family, and close allies such as General Ver.

At midnight PHT , the Marcos family boarded a United States Air Force HH-3ERescue helicopters [6] and flew to Clark Air Base in Angeles City 83 kilometres north of Manila. Thedeposed First Family and their servants then rode US Air Force DC-9 Medivac and C-141B planesto Andersen Air Force Base in the north of the United States territory of Guam , then flying to Hickam

Air Force Base in Hawaii where Marcos finally arrived on February 26 .[7][24]

When news of the Marcos family's departure reached civilians, many rejoiced and danced in thestreets. Over at Mendiola , the demonstrators stormed the Palace, which was closed to ordinarypeople for around a decade. Despite looting by some angry protesters, the majority wandered aboutinside through rooms where national history was shaped, looking at objects extravagant and

mundane that the Marcos clan and its court had abandoned in their flight. [citation needed ] In other countries, people also rejoiced and congratulated Filipinos they knew. CBS anchorman BobSimon reported: We Americans like to think we taught the Filipinos democracy. Well, tonight theyare teaching the world. [24]

Aftermath [edit ] Main article: Presidency of Corazon Aquino
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corazon_Aquinohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Teehankeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Teehankeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudio_Teehankeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benigno_Aquino,_Jr.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayan_Kohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayan_Kohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayan_Kohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaca%C3%B1an_Palacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercontinental_Broadcasting_Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercontinental_Broadcasting_Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercontinental_Broadcasting_Corporationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GMA_Networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GMA_Networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-peoplepower_eyewitness-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Ellison-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Ellison-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Ellison-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Ellison-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_Power_Revolution#cite_note-Ellison-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kundimanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kundimanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kundimanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dahil_Sa_Iyohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dahil_Sa_Iyohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dahil_Sa_Iyohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagalog_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagalog_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagalog_languagehttp://en

People Power Revolution.docx

Documents

Transcript of People Power Revolution.docx