People of the Stone AgePeople of the Stone Age

Unit 1Unit 1

Scientist work to uncover the pastScientist work to uncover the past

Archaeologist study Archaeologist study things left behind by things left behind by people. people.

They are “excavated” They are “excavated” or dug up.or dug up.

Items found are called Items found are called artifacts. They are all artifacts. They are all made by man. made by man.

Such as bowls, stone Such as bowls, stone tools or needles.. tools or needles..

Scientist also look at fossilsScientist also look at fossils

Fossils are remains of Fossils are remains of once living things.once living things.

They are found deep They are found deep under layers of earth.under layers of earth.

Fossils and artifacts showFossils and artifacts show

Early people most Early people most likely first appeared in likely first appeared in Africa.Africa.

To survive they To survive they moved from place to moved from place to place hunting and place hunting and gathering for food.gathering for food.

Homo SapiensHomo Sapiens

Means “wise humans”Means “wise humans” About 20 people lived About 20 people lived

together in “bands”together in “bands” These “bands” meet These “bands” meet

basic needs like:basic needs like:

food food

clothing clothing

sheltershelter

BandsBands

Had to move Had to move according to the according to the season to find food, season to find food, this is called this is called “migration”“migration”

As the bands grew As the bands grew they added new areasthey added new areas

Ice AgeIce Age

Long period of bitter Long period of bitter coldcold

Earth covered in huge Earth covered in huge sheets of ice called sheets of ice called “glaciers”“glaciers”

When ice melted it left When ice melted it left bare new land for bare new land for bands to hunt and bands to hunt and gather for foodgather for food

New areas created changeNew areas created change

Needed fires to burn Needed fires to burn for warmthfor warmth

Clothing to fit snug Clothing to fit snug and warmerand warmer

Shelter needed to be Shelter needed to be strong against the strong against the bitter cold and windbitter cold and wind

Example of needed changeExample of needed change

““Tundra” a treeless area Tundra” a treeless area in the Arctic region.in the Arctic region.

Cold weather required Cold weather required warmer clotheswarmer clothes

Stronger homes to resist Stronger homes to resist wind and coldwind and cold

Keep a fire burning for Keep a fire burning for warmth and cooking of warmth and cooking of food.food.

Culture: a way of lifeCulture: a way of life

Each band had its Each band had its own interest and way own interest and way of life.of life.

Culture is made up ofCulture is made up of

languagelanguage

customscustoms

beliefsbeliefs

artsarts

Hunters-gathers changeHunters-gathers change

Because they needed Because they needed a more steady supply a more steady supply of food. of food. (maize=corn)(maize=corn)

““Domesticated” or Domesticated” or

tamed plants and tamed plants and animals for people to animals for people to use.use.

Farmers vs. NomadsFarmers vs. Nomads

Stayed in one placeStayed in one place * Moved around * Moved around Permanent home * Temporary shelterPermanent home * Temporary shelter Planted cropsPlanted crops * Looked for grazing * Looked for grazing Livestock Livestock – pigs, cattle, sheep– pigs, cattle, sheep * Livestock moved with them * Livestock moved with them

Agriculture:Agriculture: the good and the bad the good and the bad

*Greater variety of food*People fought over land

*Ground was no longer fertile*New tools

•Division of labor People could do different jobs

*If the crops failed all suffered