Peninsula Advanced Energy Community (PAEC) Task 8: Solar...
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Page 1 of 17 Peninsula Advanced Energy Community (PAEC) Task 8: Solar Siting Survey Summary Final Report of Commercial-Scale Sites for 100 kW (AC) or Larger Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Prepared for California Energy Commission 1516 Ninth St. MS-51 Sacramento, CA 95814 Prepared by Clean Coalition 16 Palm Court Menlo Park, CA 94025 www.clean-coalition.org March 2017
Transcript of Peninsula Advanced Energy Community (PAEC) Task 8: Solar...
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PeninsulaAdvancedEnergyCommunity(PAEC)
Task8:SolarSitingSurvey
SummaryFinalReportof
Commercial-ScaleSitesfor100kW(AC)orLargerSolarPhotovoltaic(PV)
PreparedforCaliforniaEnergyCommission
1516NinthSt.MS-51Sacramento,CA95814
PreparedbyCleanCoalition16PalmCourt
MenloPark,CA94025www.clean-coalition.org
March2017
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TableofContentsAbouttheCleanCoalition...................................................................................................................3LegalDisclaimer....................................................................................................................................4I.Introduction........................................................................................................................................5II.TechnicalSitingPotential.............................................................................................................6
a.Methodology................................................................................................................................................6b.MinimumProjectSize..............................................................................................................................7c.TypesofStructures....................................................................................................................................7d.StructureAggregations...........................................................................................................................8e.IconsUsedinMapFilesforStructuresandInformation..........................................................8f.NearestFeederandPVCapacityAnalysis........................................................................................9g.DistributionofFiles..................................................................................................................................9h.SummaryofSitingSurvey....................................................................................................................10
III.IntegrationCapacityAnalysis.................................................................................................10IV.SpreadsheetandGoogleEarth.kmlFileContent..............................................................13
a.SummarySheets.......................................................................................................................................13b.Data................................................................................................................................................................13c.MapContent...............................................................................................................................................13d.StructureTypes........................................................................................................................................15e.Aggregations..............................................................................................................................................15
V.Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................15VI.Appendices.....................................................................................................................................17
AppendixA:PAECSolarSitingSurveySummary...........................................................................17AppendixB:PAECSolarSitingSurveyFiles.....................................................................................17
TablesTable1:SiteIcons....................................................................................................................................................8Table2:AggregationIcons...................................................................................................................................8Table3:OtherInformationalIcons..................................................................................................................9FiguresFigure1:SSSSummarybyProjectSizeandCity......................................................................................10Figure2:ICADataTableExample..................................................................................................................11Figure3:ICASummarybyFeeder..................................................................................................................12Figure4:AnoverviewofthecorePAECgeographyassessed............................................................14Figure5:Aclose-upviewoftheSolarSitingSurvey..............................................................................15Figure6:TotalPVSummary..............................................................................................................................17
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AbouttheCleanCoalitionTheCleanCoalitionisanonprofitorganizationwhosemissionistoacceleratethetransitiontorenewableenergyandamoderngridthroughtechnical,policy,andprojectdevelopmentexpertise.TheCleanCoalitiondrivespolicyinnovationtoremovebarrierstoprocurementandinterconnectionofdistributedenergyresources(DER)—suchaslocalrenewables,advancedinverters,demandresponse,andenergystorage—andweestablishmarketmechanismsthatrealizethefullpotentialofintegratingthesesolutions.TheCleanCoalitionalsocollaborateswithutilitiesandmunicipalitiestocreatenear-termdeploymentopportunitiesthatprovethetechnicalandfinancialviabilityoflocalrenewablesandotherDER.Visitusonlineatwww.clean-coalition.org.
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LegalDisclaimerThisdocumentwaspreparedasaresultofworksponsoredbytheCaliforniaEnergyCommission.ItdoesnotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheEnergyCommission,itsemployees,ortheStateofCalifornia.NeithertheCommission,theStateofCalifornia,northeCommission’semployees,contractors,orsubcontractorsmakesanywarranty,expressorimplied,orassumesanylegalliabilityfortheinformationinthisdocument;nordoesanypartyrepresentthattheuseofthisinformationwillnotinfringeuponprivatelyownedrights.ThisdocumenthasnotbeenapprovedordisapprovedbytheCommission,norhastheCommissionpassedupontheaccuracyoftheinformationinthisdocument.
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I.IntroductionThePeninsulaAdvancedEnergyCommunity(PAEC)isagroundbreakinginitiativetostreamlinepoliciesandshowcaseprojectsthatfacilitatelocalrenewablesandotheradvancedenergysolutionslikeenergyefficiency,energystorage,andelectricvehiclecharginginfrastructure.ThePAECwillcreatepathwaystocost-effectivecleanlocalenergyandcommunityresiliencethroughoutSanMateoCountyandtheCityofPaloAlto;andbeyond.ThePAECisacollaborationbetweentheCleanCoalition,theCaliforniaEnergyCommission(CEC),PacificGas&Electric(PG&E),andanarrayofmunicipalities,emergencyresponsejurisdictions,schools&universities,andcorporateentities.ThePAECinitiativewillplayakeyroleinhelpingCaliforniaachieveitsboldclimateandrenewableenergygoalsbydemonstratingthatanAdvancedEnergyCommunity(AEC)isfeasible—frombothatechnicalandfinancialperspective.ThevisionofanAECincludesthefollowing:
• AhighpercentageofpowerinthePAECregionwillbegeneratedfromlocal,renewablesources.
• Theenergyusedbyresidentialandbusinesscustomerswillbeusedasefficientlyaspossible.
• Newcommercialconstructionwillconsistof100%zeronetenergybuildingsbeforetheCEC’s2030Title24requirement.
• Morethan50%ofexistingcommercialbuildingsinthecoverageregionswillberetrofittedtozeronetenergybeforetheCEC’s2030Title24requirement.
• ApprovalofAECprojectswillbequickandefficient,andcapitaltofundAECprojectsreadilyavailabletobedisbursed.
• Interconnectinglocalrenewablestotheelectricalgridwillbestraightforward.• Thegridwillbestable,robust,andreliable.• Energystoragewillbeaffordableandwidespread.• Electrictransportationwillreplacetheinternalcombustionengineandelectric
vehiclesinthecoverageregionswillsupportthegrid.• SolarEmergencyMicrogridswillbeinstalledatallcriticalfacilities,includingpolice
andfirestations,emergencyoperationscenters,andemergencyshelters.TheCleanCoalitionconductedthePAECSolarSitingSurveytodeterminethetechnicalsitingpotentialforcommercial-scalesolarphotovoltaic(PV)installationswithinthePAECregion.AlthoughitsfocusisonPAEC,themethodologyisgeneralandcanbeappliedanywhere.Inadditiontoassessingthetechnicalsolarpotential,theCleanCoalitionalsoevaluatedtheIntegrationCapacityAnalysis(ICA)ofthenearestfeederlinefortheprospectivesolarsites.Bycombiningthisdata,thisSolarSitingSurveyhighlightstheoptimallocationstoconnectlocalsolartothegrid,wherethevalueisgreatestandinterconnectionthequickestandcheapest.ThePAECSolarSitingSurveyidentifieslowercostandhighervaluerenewableresourceopportunitiesreflectingcharacteristicsofallavailablesitesinrelationtoexistingloadsand
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gridinfrastructure.Thegoalofthissurveywastoidentifyfeasible,commercial-scalesitesforinstalling100kW(AC)orlargersolarPVwithinthePAECregion.Byhighlightinghigh-qualityPVsitingopportunities,thisSolarSitingSurveyhelpsutilities,cities,andcommunitiesunderstandtheopportunityforlocalsolargenerationwithinaspecificgeographicarea.II.TechnicalSitingPotentialThePVgenerationpotentialisanassessmentofelectricalpowerthatcouldbegeneratedfromagivenlocationbaseduponasetofreasonableassumptions.Thegoalistobewithinabout20%ofthetechnicalsolarpotentialofwhatamoredetailedassessmentwoulduncover.Therewasnoconsiderationofstructuralintegrityorotherconsiderationsthatcanonlybediscoveredbyperformingadeeperandmuchmoredetailedstudyforeachindividualsite.Thegoalistoidentifyprospectivesolarsitesthatareworthfurtherinvestigation.TheresultsofthePAECSolarSitingSurveycanbeusedtocreatetargetedmarketingcampaignsthatallowutilitiesandcommunitiestofocusonthosepropertieswithhighsolarpotential.a.MethodologyProfessionalsolarPVprojectdevelopersvalidatedthemethodologyandassistedinitscreation.Thesurveyisperformedmanuallythroughamulti-stepprocess:
• Scananaerialsurveysource,suchasGoogleEarth,forprospectivesolarsites.• Measuretheusablesurfacearea(roof,parkinglot,parkingstructure)andeliminate
obviousportionsthatarenotviable.• AssesstheprobablePVdensityasexplainedbelow.• Extrapolatethesurfaceareaanddensityassessmenttoobtaintheprojected
generationcapabilityinWatts(W)AC.WithcurrentandpendingsolarPVpanelefficiencies,high-medium-lowdensityscenarioswereexaminedanddirectcurrent(DC)powerlevelsof8-7-6W/squarefeet(sqft)wereagreedon.Foralternatingcurrent(AC)output,thesenumberswerebackedoffto7-6-5W/sqft.Thesenumbersareprobablymoreconservativethanneeded,especiallyforthemediumandlowdensityscenarios,butitwasfelttheyprovidedadditionaldownwardmargintoallowforincreasingroofcluttertypicallyfoundinolderbuildingswithlowerdensity,butstillusable,potential.Thegoalistobewithin20%ofthevaluesthatadetaileddesignwouldproduce.WhynotuseonlinetoolssuchasGoogleSunroofforthesurvey?Toolsavailableonlineareorientedtowardresidentialsolarinstallations.ThesetoolsuseLIDARdatafromaerialsurveysconductedbytheU.S.governmentwitharesolutionofaboutonesquaremeterforeachdatapoint.Theyarereasonablyaccurateforunclutteredresidentialrooftopswhere
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theLIDARdataiscombinedwithgovernmentrecordsshowingstructureboundaries.However,theseonlinetoolstotallyomitparkinglotsandparkingstructures,andtheyoverestimatethepotentialonclutteredflatrooftopsbecausetheycannot“see”theclutterofheating,ventilationandaircondition(HVAC)componentsandpipingwith1-meterresolution.Sinceparkinglotsandparkingstructuresrepresentover40%ofthepotentialfoundinthissurvey,itisimportanttoincludethesesitesinanassessmentoftechnicalsolarpotential.Forparkinglots,onlytherowswheretwocarscanparkhead-intoeachother(twodeep)areconsidered,whichistypicallytowardthecenteroftheparkinglot.Forthemostpart,singlelayerrowsontheouterboundariesofparkinglotswerenotassessedbecausetheeconomicpropositionforinstallingsolarontheedgeofaparkinglotislessattractive.Thesupportstructurecostsarethesame,butthesesinglelayerrowsofferonlyhalfthesolarPVsitingopportunityofthetwo-deeprows.TheoneexceptionmadeinthePAECSolarSitingSurveywasduetoareportdeliveredtotheSequoiaUnionHighSchoolDistrict,wheremanysingle-rowparkingcanopieswereproposed.Parkingstructuresareratedathighdensitybecausefiretruckaccessspaceisnotrequiredbetweenrowsasitiswithparkinglotsb.MinimumProjectSizeAminimumprojectsizeisestablishedtoprovideareasonablestoppingpointtothesurveyprocess.Inthissurvey,100kW(AC)waschosenastheminimumprojectsize.Somesitesthatarealittlelower,butstillclosetothatsizeareincluded,especiallywhenpartofanaggregatedsetofbuildingsorpartofalargerentity,suchasaschooldistrict.Thisminimumsizewaschosenbasedupontwofactors.First,thePAECregionincorporateslandwhosedevelopmentmostlyoccurreddecadesagoanddoesnothavemanyopportunitiesforsinglesiteprojectslargerthan500kW.Also,theplanwastoworkcloselywithschooldistrictstoassessaggregatedsitingopportunitiesacrossmultipleschoolsites,whichindividuallycannothostlargesolarprojects.AsseeninError!Referencesourcenotfound.,morethan80%oftheindividualsitesinthisstudyarelessthan250kW.c.TypesofStructuresIndenseurbanenvironments,rooftopsprovideareadysourceofsitingoptions.Thelarge,flatrooftopsfoundoncommercialandindustrialbuildingsareidealforsitinglargesolararrays.South-facingangledroofsarealsoincludedhere.Ingeneral,south-facingangledroofsoffersmallersurfaceareasbutcanbeusefulintheaggregationsdiscussedbelow.Thebiggestuntappedresourcesusuallyavailableinurbanenvironmentsareparkinglotsandparkingstructures.Parkinglotshaveaslightlylowerdensityopportunityduetotheopeningsbetweenrowsthatmustbemaintainedforfiretruckaccess.Parkingstructures
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donothavethisrequirementandcanhaveverydensecanopiesofPVarrayscoveringthetoplevelofthestructure.Addingsolartoaparkinglotorstructureprovidestheaddedbenefitofshadeandrainprotectionforusers.d.StructureAggregationsInthePAECSolarSitingSurvey,sitingopportunitiesarenotrestrictedsolelytoindividualrooftops.Therearelogicalgroupingsofstructuresthattypicallyfallunderasingleownershipormanagemententity,includingshoppingcenters,businessparks,schoolcampuses,hospitals,andapartmentcomplexes.Althoughindividualstructuresinthesegroupsmaynotreachtheminimumprojectsize,theircombinedtotalscanfarexceed100kW.Also,fromamarketingstandpoint,therearefewerownersorsitemanagerstocontact.e.IconsUsedinMapFilesforStructuresandInformationSolarsitesareindicatedonthemapusingthefollowingicons:
Table1:SiteIconsSiteType Icon Description
FlatRoof
Typicallycommercialandindustrialrooftops.UsuallyhasHVACandpipingclutter.Veryshallowpitchesareincluded.
PitchedRoof
Typicalangledpitchedrooffoundprimarilyatschoolsandsomeapartments.
ParkingLotParkingStructure
Parkinglotsareusuallyjustthecentraldoublerowhead-inareasforcars.Parkingstructuresusuallycovertheentirecanopy.
Logicalclustersofrelatedsitesaregroupedwiththefollowingicons:
Table2:AggregationIconsAggregationType Icon DescriptionApartment
Apartmentbuildingsandparking
TransportationMaintenance
Municipalbusmaintenancebuildings
Business
Industrialandbusinesscomplexesorcampuses
Education
Schoolcampuses
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Hospital
Hospitalgrounds,typicallymostlyparking
Shopping
Commercialshoppingcenters
Storage(belongings)
Rentalstorageunits
Somesitesarenotedforotherreasons.Existingsiteshavetwoicons,onethatdenotesinterestinglocalinstallationsinthesurveyarea,andanothertoidentifyagoalofwhathigh-densitysolarinstallationscanlooklike.Afewsites,typicallyalreadyintheplanningstagesforPVprojects,havebeennotedaswell.
Table3:OtherInformationalIconsSiteType Icon DescriptionExisting
InformationalnotationregardingexistingPVonneighboringbuildings.Nonumericdataisprovided.
Existing,TargetRedinGoogleEarthWhiteinGoogleMaps
High-densityPVexamplesonneighboringbuildingsthatshouldbeusedasreferencetargetsforPVdensity.
Moreinfotocome
Sitelocationnotedfornowwithoutanalysis.MoreinformationwillcomeasPAECprojectprogresses.
f.NearestFeederandPVCapacityAnalysisThenearestfeederisfoundfromPG&E’sIntegrationCapacityAnalysis(ICA)map.ThevariousICAcategoryvaluesarealsoobtainedfromthismapandincludesthehostingcapacityestimates.IfthestructurePVexceedstheICAvalueoftheclosest(shortestdirectdistance)feeder,thenextclosestfeederisuseduntilaviablevalueisfound.SeeSectionIII.IntegrationCapacityAnalysisformoredetails.g.DistributionofFilesThePAECSolarSitingSurveyresultsaredistributedintwoforms,whicharefoundattheURLsfoundinAppendixB:
• Thereare.kml(KeyholeMarkupLanguage)files,whichcanbedisplayedonGoogleEarthorimportedintoGoogleMaps.Theseincludeafileforcityboundariesandoneforthesitingsurvey.
• Thereisa.xslx(Excel)spreadsheetwithatablecontainingallthedatausedtogeneratethe.kmlfile,aswellassummarybreakdownsofthefindings.The.kmlfilesaregeneratedfromthedatafoundinthisfile.
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h.SummaryofSitingSurveyThePAECSolarSitingSurveyidentifiedmorethan66MW(AC)oftechnicalPVsitingpotentialonover480structures(seeFigure1)inthePAECareathatcoversthesouthernportionofSanMateoCounty—sitedonrooftops,parkinglots,parkingstructures,andlogicalaggregationsgreaterthanabout100kW(AC).Asummaryofsites,groupedbysitingpotentialandcity,isshowninthetablebelow.ThespreadsheetwiththecompletesummarycanbefoundinAppendixB.AnexcerptofthesummarytablesisshownbelowinFigure1.
Figure1:PAECSolarSitingSurveySummarybyProjectSizeandCity
III.IntegrationCapacityAnalysisTheIntegrationCapacityAnalysis(ICA)segmentofPAECSolarSitingSurveyprovidesinputsfromPG&E’sICAdatabaseatthefeedersectionsthatappeartobeclosestforinterconnectionattheproposedsite.TheICAcalculationsareonlydoneforthe3-phasesegmentsofthedistributiongrid.PG&E’sICAmappingtoolisfoundat:
https://www.pge.com/b2b/energysupply/wholesaleelectricsuppliersolicitation/PVRFO/PVRAMMap/
ThePG&EHelpfilelinkisfoundonthatpageaswell.IntheHelpfile,itnotes:“ThesevaluesareintendedtohelpusersbyindicatingDERcapacitiesthatareexpectedtorequireDetailedInterconnectionStudies.ItisencouragedthatcustomersapplyusingDERcapacitiesthatarelessthanthereportedIntegrationCapacityvaluetohavebetterchancesofpassingtheinterconnectionFastTrack.”
SummarybyStructurePVSize SummarybyStructureTypesNum_Sites kW_Total PVW_AC>= 500kW >and>= 250kW Lessthan 250kW Roof_Flat kW_Total Roof_Angled kW_Total Pkg_Lot kW_Total Pkg_Garage kW_Total
Totals: 484 66,228kW 24 17,073kW 56 18,840kW 404 30,315kW 282 34,928kW 70 2,367kW 113 22,440kW 20 6,493kW
Atherton,CA94027 33 1,502kW - -kW - -kW 33 1,502kW 15 852kW 15 397kW 3 254kW - -kWMenloPark,CA94025 102 18,909kW 7 5,786kW 17 5,544kW 78 7,579kW 61 11,909kW 11 275kW 30 6,725kW - -kWEastPaloAlto,CA94303 91 8,134kW 4 2,499kW 2 575kW 85 5,060kW 60 4,991kW 15 593kW 15 2,312kW 1 238kWRedwoodCity,CA94061 14 1,190kW - -kW 1 445kW 13 745kW 2 168kW 9 195kW 4 828kW - -kWRedwoodCity,CA94062 18 740kW - -kW - -kW 18 740kW 13 537kW 1 30kW 4 173kW - -kWRedwoodCity,CA94063 90 17,532kW 9 6,466kW 13 4,349kW 68 6,717kW 53 9,160kW 1 77kW 30 7,097kW 6 1,198kWRedwoodCity,CA94065 53 10,049kW 1 532kW 17 5,968kW 35 3,550kW 18 2,446kW 5 92kW 18 3,077kW 12 4,435kWSanCarlos,CA94070 42 5,618kW 2 1,258kW 5 1,633kW 35 2,727kW 36 3,361kW 1 67kW 4 1,568kW 1 623kWBelmont,CA94002 27 1,403kW 1 532kW - -kW 26 871kW 21 1,271kW 2 50kW 4 81kW - -kWWoodside,CA94062 14 1,151kW - -kW 1 327kW 13 824kW 3 233kW 10 591kW 1 327kW - -kW
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Inthepop-upwindowforeachpotentialsite,thefollowinginformationappears:
Figure2:ICADataTableExample
• TheFeederIDistheclosestfeederidentifiedforeasyinterconnection.• Distanceisestimatedasastraightlinefromthenearestfeederlinetoasignificant
portionofthebuildingorparkinglot/structure.Zerodistancemeansthatthefeedercrossesorappearstoterminateonthepropertynearthepointofintendeduse.
• PVMinimalandPossibleImpactsarecalculationsthat,asnotedabove,allowtheutilitytoassesswhethertheinterconnectioncanbeplacedintotheFastTrackqueue.
• EVMinimalandPossibleImpactsaresimilartothePVimpacts,butarenumbersselectedforworkplaceEVcharginginstallations.
TheFigure3belowsummarizesthemajorICAfindingsbyfeeder.
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Figure3:ICASummarybyFeeder
Substation-Feeder FeederNominalVoltage[kV]
NumberofPV
Structures
PVTotalGeneration
onStructures
[kW]
PVFeederMinimalImpact[kW]
PVFeederPossibleImpact[kW]
EVWorkplaceMinimalImpact[kW]
EVWorkplacePossibleImpact[kW]
BELLHAVEN0401 4 36 1,237 388 879 - -BELLHAVEN0403 4 31 3,969 291 668 - -BELLHAVEN1102 12 10 4,425 1,646 2,226 1,530 3,214BELLHAVEN1103 12 10 1,599 2,613 3,132 2,613 4,846BELLHAVEN1104 12 29 2,666 2,058 4,015 2,043 3,234BELLHAVEN1105 12 44 5,211 2,263 2,658 3,292 2,658BELLHAVEN1106 12 12 2,155 1,337 - 1,337 -BELLHAVEN1107 12 11 2,980 2,340 - 3,087 6,465BELMONT0401 4 7 587 645 1,073 645 713BELMONT1101 12 22 3,846 2,819 4,971 2,819 4,971BELMONT1103 12 28 871 1,305 - 2,438 2,677BELMONT1104 12 1 328 1,301 3,681 1,301 2,908BELMONT1106 12 31 2,582 1,542 - 2,613 4,197BELMONT1107 12 29 4,026 2,325 5,165 2,325 4,681BELMONT1109 12 15 2,088 2,819 6,473 2,819 3,856BELMONT1111 12 2 679 1,646 - 684 -GLENWOOD0405 4 14 682 274 - 106 -GLENWOOD0406 4 1 105 359 518 359 1,522GLENWOOD1101 12 36 2,650 2,016 4,087 2,263 3,399GLENWOOD1102 12 16 1,970 2,029 4,087 2,029 3,399MENLO0401 4 7 148 446 - - -MENLO0403 4 9 152 439 - - -REDWOODCITY0405 4 7 610 468 560 468 1,246REDWOODCITY0409 4 25 1,049 343 874 304 786REDWOODCITY1101 12 3 1,477 569 - 1,537 -REDWOODCITY1102 12 17 3,147 2,263 5,780 2,263 5,780REDWOODCITY1103 12 20 2,121 2,613 4,324 2,613 4,044REDWOODCITY1104 12 12 1,991 1,337 - 2,161 2,210REDWOODCITY1105 12 7 1,781 2,263 3,691 2,263 3,800REDWOODCITY1106 12 11 4,023 2,325 4,328 3,025 3,447SANCARLOS0401 4 5 1,208 754 1,584 - -SANCARLOS1102 12 1 635 2,613 4,233 2,002 -SANCARLOS1103 12 21 817 2,058 2,280 2,058 2,280WOODSIDE1102 12 15 1,151 1,029 - 440 -WOODSIDE1105 12 8 850 2,613 - 2,613 -
ICA SSSFindings ICA
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NotethatthereareanumberoffeedersonwhichtheproposedPVgenerationexceedstheminimalorpossibleimpactcapacities.Thisisnormal,andexemplifieswhythosewhoapplyforinterconnectionfirstonafeedercanhavepotentiallylowerinterconnectioncostsiftheirprojectsareundertheimpactlevelsthattheutilityhaspre-calculated.Thisisfirstmoveradvantage.IV.SpreadsheetandGoogleEarth.kmlFileContenta.SummarySheetsThePVSummarysheetisderivedfromthedatasheetdescribedbelow.TotalsaregivenforsolarPVsitingpotentialandarethenbrokenbystructuretypeandbyCity/ZipCodecombinations.Also,abreakdownofaggregationsisprovided,basedonsitetypeandbyCity/ZipCode.SeeFigure1foranexcerptandFigure6foracopyofthePVSummary.ThelegendsymbolsusedinthemaparedefinedonthePVSummarysheet.Thesurveyhasuncoveredmorethe65MWofsitingpotentialinthePAECarea.Acoupleofhighpotentialcompaniesarenotedonthesummarysheet.Oraclehasabout3.5MWandFacebookover4MWofsolarPVpotentialontheirproperties,mostlyonparkinglotsandparkingstructures.TheICASummarysheetisalsoderivedfromthedatasheet.ItcontainsthetableinFigure3asdescribedinSectionIII.IntegrationCapacityAnalysis.b.DataThespreadsheetcolumnsareclearlylabeled.Allinformationappearinginthe.kmlmapisderivedfromthedatasheet.Forroofsthatdonotfiteasilyintoarectangulardefinitionormayhavecutoutsorshadeexclusions,notescanbefoundintheArea_ft2formulaentrieswithcommentsthatexplainwhichportionsoftherooftopswereassessed(“+”)orexcluded(“-“).Forangledroofs,typicallyonlythesouthfacingslopeswereassessed.c.MapContentTheoutputofthesurveyprocessisa.kmlfilethatisviewableinGoogleEarth.ThelegendforthesymbolsusedonthemapisfoundonthespreadsheetsummarypageandSectionII.e.ThetechnicalsolarPVcapacityforeachstructureandforrelevantaggregationsisshownnexttotheicon.Whentheiconisclicked,apop-upscreenappearswiththerelevantinformationforthatsite,asfoundinthedatasheet.Aggregationiconsarescaledtobeslightlylargerthantheircomponentsconstituents.
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ThecontrolsinGoogleEarthallowforviewingofthecityoutlines,aswellasfortheindividualsites.Conversely,selectingtheitem’sicononthemapcausesthefoldertoscrolltothatitem.Ifthetransparentcolorusedtoidentifyacityinterfereswithviewingdetailsofaroof,thatcity’spolygoncanbedeselectedintheGoogleEarthfolderview.The.kmlfilecanalsobeimportedintoGoogleMapsforviewing,butitlosesseveralfeatureswhenviewedwiththistool,suchas:
• Theestimatedsitecapacitynolongerappearsnexttothemapicon,butdoesappearinthefolderontheleft.
• TheAggregationsymbolisnotlargerthanitsconstituents.• CertainiconsthatarecoloredinGoogleEarth(e.g.theredtargetforidealexample
rooftopswithhighdensityPV)arenotcoloredinGoogleMaps.• Thefoldersontheleftdonotcollapse.
Inspiteoftheseshortcomings,theGoogleMapsversionisstillaccurateandusefulbecausemanypotentialviewersmaynothavetheGoogleEarthapplication.
Figure4:AnoverviewofthecorePAECgeographyassessed
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Figure5:Aclose-upviewfromthePAECSolarSitingSurvey
d.StructureTypesThemajorstructuretypesexaminedareflatroofs,angledroofs,parkinglots,andparkingstructures.TheyareeasilyidentifiedbytheirsymbolsasdefinedinTable1:SiteIcons.e.AggregationsAggregationsareeasilyidentifiedbytheirsymbols.Anewonethathasbeenaddedtothissurveyduetothelowerprojectsizeispublicstoragefacilities.ThesymbolsusedaredefinedinTable2:AggregationIcons.V.ConclusionAnAECmaximizestheamountofenergythatcanbegeneratedlocally,thusminimizingitsneedfor,anddependenceon,thecentralizedgridpower.SolarPVisthemostunderutilizedsourceofelectricitywithinthePAECregion.ThePAECSolarSitingSurvey,whichuncoveredover65MWoftechnicalsolarPVsitingpotentialinthesouthernportionofSanMateoCounty,showstheenormousopportunitytoexpandlocalsolargenerationinthePAEC.Notably,morethan40%ofthissitingpotentialisonparkinglotsandparkingstructures.ThisSolarSitingSurveyisthefirststeptohelpcommunitiesfindwaystotapintothisunderutilizedresource.Assuming1MWofsolarinCaliforniasuppliesenoughenergytopower250typicalCaliforniahomesforoneyear,thissurveyidentifiedenoughlocalsolarPVcapacitytopowerover16,000homes.
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IdentificationofthesesiteswithlargelocalPVpotentialisanimportantstepforthenextphaseoftheAECdeployment.Notonlyisalargeamountofcleanenergyavailable,severalofthelargesitesarecontendersforapplicationsfortheCommunityMicrogridsandSolarEmergencyMicrogrids(SEM),wheretheadditionofenergystoragecoupledwithsolarcanprovideresilientcommunityfacilitiesthatkeeppowerintheeventofagridoutage.ACommunityMicrogridisacoordinatedlocalgridareaservedbyoneormoredistributionsubstationsandsupportedbyhighpenetrationsoflocalrenewablesandotherdistributedenergyresources(DER)suchasenergystorageanddemandresponse.CommunityMicrogridsrepresentanewapproachfordesigningandoperatingtheelectricgrid,relyingheavilyonDERtoachieveamoresustainable,secure,andcost-effectiveenergysystemwhilegenerallyprovidingrenewables-drivenpowerbackupforprioritizedloadsoverindefinitedurations.Thesubstation-levelfoundationofaCommunityMicrogridensuresthattheapproachcanbereadilyextendedthroughoutautility’sserviceterritoryandreplicatedacrossutilities.Formoreinformation,seehttp://www.clean-coalition.org/our-work/community-microgrids/.ASEMisanessentialassetforcommunitiesseekingenhancedresilienceoftheirlocalpowergrid.Intheeventofapoweroutageornaturaldisaster,asolaremergencymicrogridcanislandfromthelargergridtoprovidecontinuouspowertoacriticalfacility,suchasanemergencyresponsecommandcenter,hospital,orpolicestation.Localrenewableenergy,batterybackup,andloadsheddingsolutionsarekeyelementsofasolaremergencymicrogrid.Formoreinformationseehttp://www.clean-coalition.org/peninsula-advanced-energy-community-launches-will-provide-framework-for-the-future-of-clean-energy/.
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VI.AppendicesAppendixA:PAECSolarSitingSurveySummary
Figure6:TotalPVSummary
AppendixB:PAECSolarSitingSurveyFilesThefollowingfilesareavailablewiththeSolarSitingSurveyinformation:
• DataspreadsheetincludingSummarysheetshowninAppendixA.• kmlfileimportableintoGoogleEarththatcontainscityoutlinesandSolarSiting
Surveysiteshttps://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/0B0ebi4di8sxfc2NXZ0o3UUVlVGs
• AGoogle-Mapsviewableversionofthekmlfilethatisaccuratebuthasfewer
viewingfeaturesthanwhenviewedinGoogle-Earthhttps://drive.google.com/open?id=125yAL1mUho28elCU0gnwJnqaxg0
SummarybyStructurePVSize SummarybyStructureTypesNum_Sites kW_Total PVW_AC>= 500kW >and>= 250kW Lessthan 250kW Roof_Flat kW_Total Roof_Angled kW_Total Pkg_Lot kW_Total Pkg_Garage kW_TotalNum_Addr
Totals: 484 66,228kW 24 17,073kW 56 18,840kW 404 30,315kW 282 34,928kW 70 2,367kW 113 22,440kW 20 6,493kW #
Atherton,CA94027 33 1,502kW - -kW - -kW 33 1,502kW 15 852kW 15 397kW 3 254kW - -kWMenloPark,CA94025 102 18,909kW 7 5,786kW 17 5,544kW 78 7,579kW 61 11,909kW 11 275kW 30 6,725kW - -kWEastPaloAlto,CA94303 91 8,134kW 4 2,499kW 2 575kW 85 5,060kW 60 4,991kW 15 593kW 15 2,312kW 1 238kWRedwoodCity,CA94061 14 1,190kW - -kW 1 445kW 13 745kW 2 168kW 9 195kW 4 828kW - -kWRedwoodCity,CA94062 18 740kW - -kW - -kW 18 740kW 13 537kW 1 30kW 4 173kW - -kWRedwoodCity,CA94063 90 17,532kW 9 6,466kW 13 4,349kW 68 6,717kW 53 9,160kW 1 77kW 30 7,097kW 6 1,198kWRedwoodCity,CA94065 53 10,049kW 1 532kW 17 5,968kW 35 3,550kW 18 2,446kW 5 92kW 18 3,077kW 12 4,435kWSanCarlos,CA94070 42 5,618kW 2 1,258kW 5 1,633kW 35 2,727kW 36 3,361kW 1 67kW 4 1,568kW 1 623kWBelmont,CA94002 27 1,403kW 1 532kW - -kW 26 871kW 21 1,271kW 2 50kW 4 81kW - -kWWoodside,CA94062 14 1,151kW - -kW 1 327kW 13 824kW 3 233kW 10 591kW 1 327kW - -kW
Othersymbols: ExistingPV ExistingPV,HighDensity Questions,TBD(ColoredredinG-Earth)
AggregateFacilitiesSummarySummarybyAggregationType:PVatAllSitesNum_Sites kW_Total PVW_AC>= 500kW >and>= 250kW Lessthan 250kW HeavyHitters
Airport - -kW - -kW - -kW - -kW Oracle 3,490kWApartments 3 1,132kW 1 627kW 1 369kW 1 136kW Facebook 4,339kWBiz 11 13,349kW 11 13,349kW - -kW - -kWBus 1 278kW - -kW 1 278kW - -kWEdu 27 7,752kW 5 4,099kW 5 1,672kW 17 1,981kWFire_Stn - -kW - -kW - -kW - -kWGolf - -kW - -kW - -kW - -kWHospital 2 1,018kW 1 590kW 1 429kW - -kWPump_Stn - -kW - -kW - -kW - -kWShopping 13 14,794kW 13 14,794kW - -kW - -kWStorage 10 3,399kW 1 637kW 5 2,045kW 4 717kW
Totals: 67 41,721kW 32 34,095kW 13 4,793kW 22 2,833kW
SummaryofAggregateFacilitiesbyCity/ZIP
Apartments Biz Edu Shopping Storage Hospital BusNum_Sites kW_Total Num_Sites kW_Total Num_Sites kW_Total Num_Sites kW_Total Num_Sites kW_Total Num_Sites kW_Total Num_Sites kW_Total
Atherton,CA94027 - -kW - -kW 5 1,502kW - -kW - -kW - -kW - -kWMenloPark,CA94025 - -kW 3 4,954kW 5 865kW - -kW - -kW - -kW - -kWEastPaloAlto,CA94303 2 763kW - -kW 8 1,726kW 2 3,440kW 3 582kW - -kW - -kWRedwoodCity,CA94061 - -kW - -kW 1 195kW 1 996kW - -kW - -kW - -kWRedwoodCity,CA94062 - -kW - -kW 1 740kW - -kW - -kW - -kW - -kWRedwoodCity,CA94063 1 369kW 1 1,318kW 4 587kW 7 8,264kW 3 1,200kW 2 1,018kW - -kWRedwoodCity,CA94065 - -kW 6 5,869kW 1 115kW 2 1,550kW - -kW - -kW - -kWSanCarlos,CA94070 - -kW 1 1,208kW - -kW 1 544kW 4 1,617kW - -kW 1 278kWBelmont,CA94002 - -kW - -kW 1 871kW - -kW - -kW - -kW - -kWWoodside,CA94062 - -kW - -kW 1 1,151kW - -kW - -kW - -kW - -kW
Totals: 3 1,132kW 11 13,349kW 27 7,752kW 13 14,794kW 10 3,399kW 2 1,018kW 1 278kW
AggregationType
