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Penang Transport Master PlanPenang State Government’s

Response to NGOs’ Statement

5 May 2016

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Content

1. Halcrow’s TMP recommendations.

2. Positive public response on PTMP.

3. Traffic growth main driver for ridership.

4. Multiple transit systems – common in all cities.

5. Tram (street level transit) not feasible.

6. Tram in heritage zone.

7. Monorails suitable as transit systems.

8. Highways still needed.

9. Financial model for PTMP.

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Halcrow’s TMP Recommendations.

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Halcrow’s TMP Recommendations

• Penang Transport Master Plan (PTMP) report which was done by Halcrow had been adopted as Penang State Government’s official document on 25 March 2013.

• Based on the Halcrow's recommendations, State Government had come out with several project as per the study, which included:

Ø 3 MAJOR HIGHWAYS & UNDERSEA TUNNEL constructed by Zenith BUCG Ø BICYCLE MASTER PLAN which now progressively done by MBPPØ PENANG ACCESSIBILITY ACTION GROUP (PAAG) to look into the accessibility

improvement plan

• The PTMP report by Halcrow was the foundation used during Request for Proposal (RFP) exercise – Project Delivery Partner (PDP).

• All the short-term, long-term including cost effective measures recommended by Halcrow were carried out by different parties in a holistic way.

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Positive Public Response on PTMP.

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• To-date the State Government has proactively conducted a TOTAL OF 18 OPEN DIALOGUES with all relevant stakeholders.

Ø Overall received POSITIVE SUPPORT.

• The State Government welcomes feedback and comments from all parties, including Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs).

Positive Public Response on PTMP

• Why is the State Government committed to implement the PTMP?Ø Encourage use of public transportØ Mitigate traffic congestion

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Traffic growth main driver for ridership.

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Ridership Model

• Other drivers:Ø Department of Statistics’ population projectionØ Population growth from future developments

• TRAFFIC GROWTH is a main driver to the ridership model:Ø HIGHER THAN POPULATION GROWTHØ Traffic growth is driven by economic growth, tourist arrivals, etc.

Population (DOS)1.6%

Vehicle (JPJ) 7.1%

Traffic (LLM) 4.5%

Traffic (HPU)2.7%

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Vehicle (JPJ) - Registered Vehicles

State Government has appointed independent consultant for peer review of PTMP project feasibility and ridership.

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Multiple transit systems – common in all cities.

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Transit Systems Dependent on Demand etc.• Transit systems for each corridor are decided from various factors:

i. TARGET 40% PUBLIC TRANSPORT MODE SHAREii. TRAVEL DEMAND & DEVELOPMENTiii. ALIGNMENT CONSTRAINTS iv. SYSTEM CAPACITY, PERFORMANCE & SAFETY

• NOT ALL LINES WILL BE IMPLEMENTED AT ONCE

• The PTMP is used to as a GUIDE to ensure proper future planning.Ø Can be reviewed every 5 years

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Appropriate Systems To Match Demand

Demand (PPHPD) – Mode

  CorridorHalcrow TMP

Year 2030Improved TMP

Year 2055*

1. George Town - Bayan Lepas 2,200 - Tram 14,700 – LRT

2. George Town - Ayer Itam 1,300 - Tram 6,200 – Monorail

3. George Town - Tg Bungah 1,200 - Tram 5,800 – Monorail

4. Bayan Lepas extension to SRS no mention 7,500 – LRT

5. George Town - Butterworth no mention 6,000 – LRT

• Most appropriate system for the Komtar-Penang Airport corridor – LRT system. Why?Ø Airport passengers increase from 6.5 MIL TO 20 MIL PASSENGERSØ Bayan Lepas industrial zone will be expanded by 1,000 ACRES.

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Comparison Between Systems

  LRT Monorail Tram BRT BusTypical capacity (PPHPD) 18,500 7,000 4,500 2,500 500Speed (kph) 35 30 20 25 15Journey time (mins) 40 45 70 55 90

Headway (mins) 2 3 4 3 5No of car/train (or “veh”) 4 4 2 2 1

No of pax/car@ 4.8 pax/sq m

160 90 160 60 60

Construction costs/km (RM mil) @ 2015 prices

220 170  >40*(at-grade) 110  

LRT has higher performance in terms of CAPACITY, SPEED and JOURNEY TIME.

*To have a dedicated tramway with high capacity, cost is estimated to be more than RM220mil per km – utility relocations, land acquisitions, time, etc.

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Multiple Systems in Major Cities

• Established cities are known to run MULTIPLE TRANSIT SYSTEMS functioning as a single integrated network:

LONDON PARIS AMSTERDAM• Underground metro• Light rail• Tram• Commuter rail• High-speed train

• Underground metro• Commuter rail• Tram• High-speed train

• Underground metro• Light rail• Tram

High Speed 1

Different transit systems in London

Underground metro Light rail

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Trams (street level transit) not feasible.

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• To achieve State Government’s objective – 40% public transport mode share:

Ø Proposed systems needs HIGH CAPACITY, hence the need for DEDICATED CORRIDOR

No Planned Corridor For Rail Transit

• New transit lines need to be PARACHUTED ON THE ROAD SPACE TO MINIMISE LAND ACQUISITION AND SOCIAL IMPACT

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Adverse Impacts With Trams

• If the State Government were to maintain the number of traffic lanes:

Ø Will have to ACQUIRE ADJACENT LAND AND BUILDINGS (costly exercise)Ø Massive social consequences and PUBLIC OUTCRY

• If the State Government were to build trams:Ø Will have to SACRIFICE TRAFFIC LANES to accommodate dedicated

corridorØ Severe TRAFFIC IMPACT to already congested road system

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Major Inconvenience With Trams

• During construction, there will be long periods of disruption to the local communities:

Ø TOTAL ROAD CLOSURES (> 2 years) to allow for utilities relocations Ø Extend construction period FROM 6 TO 8 YEARS

Tram works roadworks at Princes Street, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK

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Total Road Closures With Trams

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Businesses Will Suffer During Utilities Relocation

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Utilities relocated under Road Lanefor future maintenance/replacement Utilities under Tram Lane to be relocated

3.35m Tram Lane 1 Lane 1

3.5m 3.35mTram Lane 2

6.7m TRAM LANES

2.5mWalkway

2.2m

Excavation

Massive Utilities Relocation

• Relocation of underground utilities is required. • NO OPPORTUNITY for future utility maintenance under tramway.

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BEFORE AFTER

JLN PERUSAHAAN JELUTONG

LEBUHRAYA TUN DR LIM CHONG EU

TR

AM

TR

AM

SIGNALISED T-JUNCTION

Traffic Conflicts Inevitable – During Operation

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BEFORE AFTER

JLN MAGAZINELEBUHRAYA TUN DR LIM CHONG EU

TRAM

TRAM

Motorists Will Bear The Brunt – During Operation

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0

3

6

9

12

15

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

2013 2014 2015

CountPerson

Moving average 3 years

Tram-Pedestrian Accidents – During Operation

SOURCE: http://transportsafety.vic.gov.au

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0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

2013 2014 2015

CountRoad vehicle

Moving average 3 years

Tram-Road Vehicle Accidents – During Operation

SOURCE: http://transportsafety.vic.gov.au

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Street Level Transit System Is Not Cheaper• SYDNEY CBD AND SOUTH EAST 12km LRV PROJECT (street level),

reported a budget overrun of AUD$600mil to AUD$2.2bil for AUD$183mil per km

• Proposed 21km Bayan Lepas LRT with a similar capacity of 18,000 passengers per hour per direction is estimated to cost about RM220mil per km

Transit System Length Cost

(per km)Total Cost Grade Level

Sydney LRV Project

12km AUD$183mil AUD$2bil Street Level

Bayan Lepas LRT

30km RM220mil RM7bil Elevated

AUD$1 = RM3

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Komtar-Penang Airport Corridor.

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• Bayan Lepas LRT is the first TMP to be implemented:Ø Studies show it is ECONOMICALLY VIABLE (EIRR > 10%)

1ST TMP Project – Bayan Lepas LRT

• It is an LRT system: Ø ELEVATED Ø The MAIN N-S BACKBONE connecting Komtar to the airportØ CONNECTS TO SEBERANG PERAI in future

• As lines are implemented at different times, INVARIABLY THERE WILL BE DIFFERENT SYSTEMS (system technology changes rapidly with time)

• More important is the SEAMLESS TRANSFER of transit passengers:Ø PHYSICAL INTEGRATION @ interchanges at Sia Boey and The LightØ SINGLE TICKETING SYSTEM

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Komtar-Penang Airport Corridor – Transit System Has To Be Elevated

• For the Komtar-Penang Airport dedicated corridor, OVER 91% OF TOTAL ALIGNMENT HAS TO BE ELEVATED (19km out of 21km). Why?

Ø To avoid re-signalising / overhaul road junctionsØ To avoid traffic impact to connecting/ adjacent roadsØ To avoid lane closures and removal of parking spaceØ To avoid encroachment into buildings and land acquisitions

ELEVATED RAIL TRANSIT = ELEVATED LRT

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RENESASBOSCH

2 lanes service road withSide Parking

11.1 m

One Lane Service Road with Side Parking

7.1 m

FenceFenceFenceFence

Traffic lane11.3 m

Traffic lane10.9 m

Divider2.6 m

Divider6.4 m

Divider2.4 m

ALONG FIZ STRETCH = 2KM

SideParking

SideParking

FenceFence

RENESASBOSCH

SideParking

2 lanes service road withSide Parking

11.1 m

Tram Stop3.0 m

Tram Lane3.65 m

Tram Lane3.65 m

Separator0.6m

Separator0.6m

Traffic lane7.6 m

Traffic lane7.6 m

5.7 m 1.5 mWalkway

3.0 mSpace

forLink Bridge

5.0 mOne Lane

Service Road

Fence

Pedestrian Link Bridge

Reduction of traffic lanes from dual three to dual two

FIZ SOUTHSTATION

Side Parking Removed

Note: No drop-off / lay-by areas

Komtar-Penang Airport Corridor - Lane Closures and Removal Of Parking Space (Tram)

FIZ SOUTH STATIONØ Lane reductionØ Side parking removed

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Komtar-Penang Airport Corridor - Encroachment, Blocked Access And Land Acquisition (Tram)

Tram Lane3.65 m

Tram Lane3.65 m

Traffic Lane5.0 m

Divider/ Walkway8.33m

1 Traffic Lane+ 1 access lane to

school

Shoulder3.00m

Compound8.00m

SCHOOL

SCHOOL

SINGLE STOREY HOUSES COMPOUND

SINGLE STOREY HOUSES COMPOUND

JLN SULTAN AZLAN SHAH (ELEVATED)

JLN SULTAN AZLAN SHAH (ELEVATED)

- Tram lane encroaches into school compound (internal car park affected)

- Access to / from school affected / blocked by tram lanes

- Land acquisition (school compound)

3.6m

Lo

t B

ou

nd

ary

Buf

fer

Zon

e 0.

6m

Reinstatement of

Walkway1.5m

RO

W

Kwang Hwa SchoolØ EncroachmentØ Land

acquisitionØ Lane reductionØ Blocked

access

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Elevated Rail Transit@ Lebuhraya Tun Dr Lim Chong Eu

KOMTAR

MACALLUM

BANDAR SRI PINANG

SKYCAB

EAST JELUTONG

THE LIGHT

JLN MAGAZINE

JLN C

.Y. C

HOY

LEBUH SG PINANG

JLN AHMAD NOR

LEB

UH

RAY

A TU

N D

R L

IM C

HO

NG

EU

TINGKAT SG GELUGOR 5

SUNGAI PINANG

IRR

JLN PERUSAHAAN JELUTONG

OUTER BYPASS

7.2km

Legend

Elevated Section

CH 0km

SKYCAB

GB LRT

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8910

11

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REASONS FOR ADOPTING ELEVATED RAIL TRANSIT :

• Loc 1 Crossing Lim CE expressway

• Loc 2-5 Crossing major T-junctions

• Loc 6 IJM Reclamation Area – Future Junctions

• Loc 7 Crossing Lim CE expressway

• Loc 8 Crossing Jalan Akuarium

• Loc 9-10 Crossing RECSAM’s access road

• Loc 11 Crossing Outer Bypass

• Loc 12Crossing Hindu Temple’s access

• Loc 13Crossing T-junction

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GAT LEBUH MACALLUM

GAT LEBUH CECIL

JLN

AK

UA

RIU

M

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GELUGOR

JLN ISMAIL NAGORE

JLN SG GELUGOR 2

JLN SUNGAI DUA

LORONG SG DUA

LORONG SG DUA 1PERSIARAN BATU UBAN

JLN PANTAI JEREJAK 1JLN AZIZ IBRAHIM

LIN

TAN

G

NIP

AHLEBUH NIPAH 1

JLN KAMPUNG

RELAU

JALAN MAHSURI

USM

BATU UBAN

PESTA

SUNGAI NIBONG

BUKIT JAMBUL

SPICEJL

N S

ULT

AN

AZ

LA

N S

HA

H PENANG 1ST BRIDGE

ELEV

ATE

D H

IGH

WA

Y

Elevated Rail Transit@ Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah

JLN SUNGAI DUA

JLN SUNGAI 2

JLN TUN DR AWANG

LegendElevated Section

REASONS FOR ADOPTING ELEVATED RAIL TRANSIT :

• Loc 14 Crossing Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah

• Loc 15Crossing Jln Sg Dua

• Loc 16 Crossing Lebuh Nipah 1

• Loc 17 Crossing Kwang Hwa School’s Access

• Loc 18To cater for future underpass

• Loc 19Crossing Jalan Tun Dr Awang

• Loc 20Crossing Jln Mahsuri

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At-Grade Section

15

16

17

1819

20

1.8km

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FIZ NORTH

FIZ SOUTH

SG TIRAM

PENANG AIRPORT

PERMATANG DAMAR LAUT

HILIR SG KLUANG 4

JLN T

OKONG ULAR

JLN MAYANG PASIR

JLN SG TIRAM

1JLN SG TIRAM

3

PENANG 2ND BRIDGEAIRPORT

EXPANSION PLAN

Elevated Rail Transit@ FIZ to Permatang Damar Laut

JALA

N M

AYA

NG

PA

SIR

JLN

PE

RM

ATA

NG

DA

MA

R L

AU

T

JALAN TENGAH

LegendElevated Section

CH 20.9km

21 22

23

24

25

At-Grade Section

REASONS FOR ADOPTING ELEVATED RAIL TRANSIT :

• Loc 21 Crossing Jalan Tengah

Ø Hospital & School access

• Loc 22Crossing Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah

• Loc 23Crossing JKR Elevated U-turn

• Loc 24Crossing Airport Roundabout

• Loc 25Crossing Kampung Area & Jln Permatang Damar Laut

11.9km

Element Length (km)

Elevated 19.1 (91%)

At-Grade 1.8 (9%)

Total 20.9

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Tram in Heritage Zone.

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Heritage Preservation in George Town

• Heritage Tram (street level) is in line with George Town as a HERITAGE CITY.Ø MOBILITY WITHIN HERITAGE ZONE Ø TOURIST ATTRACTION

• NO ELEVATED STRUCTURES within the World Heritage Site.

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Monorails suitable as transit systems.

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Monorails are SAFE & Suitable• There are 2 TYPES OF MONORAILS – transit and theme parks. • Major cities with transit monorails – CHINA, JAPAN, SOUTH KOREA, CHINA,

INDIA, BRAZIL AND UNITED STATES.

Sao Paulo Monorail Las Vegas Monorail

Emergency walkway

Emergency walkway

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LOCATION COUNTRY NAME YEAR OPENED LENGTH

Chongqing  China Chongqing Monorail (Lines 2 & 3)

2005 86.8 km

Mumbai  India Mumbai Monorail 2014 19.54 km

Kitakyushu  Japan Kitakyushu Monorail 1985 8.8 km Naha, Okinawa  Japan Okinawa Monorail 2003 12.8 km Osaka Prefecture  Japan Osaka Monorail 1990 28 kmTokyo  Japan Tokyo Monorail 1964 17.8 km Western Tokyo  Japan Tama Toshi Monorail Line 1998 16 km Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Monorail 2003 8.6 km

Daegu  S. KoreaDaegu Metro

(Line 3) 2015 23.9 km

Las Vegas Strip  US Las Vegas Monorail 2004 6.3 km

São Paulo  Brazil São Paulo Metro (Line 15)

2014 2.9 km

Operational Transit Monorails In Other Countries

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Highways still needed.

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• Eg. Full electronic tolling – took >25 years to implement in Klang Valley.

Highways Still Needed

• Lessons from Singapore – Despite achieving 60% public transport mode share, the island republic is still building new highways.

As of 2014, there were 163 km of expressways in Singapore, with new highways in the pipeline.

• 40% public transport mode shift CANNOT HAPPEN OVERNIGHT – NEEDS TO BE ENCOURAGED PROGRESSIVELY.

• HIGHWAYS STILL NEEDED to cater for the GROWTH OF REMAINING 60% PRIVATE VEHICLES.

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Financial model for PTMP.

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Sale of Reclaimed Land To Finance The PTMP

• Reclaimed land and PTMP components BELONG SOLELY TO THE STATE GOVERNMENT

• Proceeds from the SALE OF RECLAIMED LAND VIA PUBLIC AUCTION will be used to fund the PTMP components that are to be implemented.

• Implementation of each PTMP component (whether rail or road) depends on:• ECONOMIC VIABILITY • FUND AVAILABILITY

• Each PTMP component to be implemented will be tendered out via OPEN TENDER.

• The State Government is studying options for SUSTAINABLE RAIL OPERATIONS

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THANK YOU