Pearl Harbor and the American Response. Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 U.S. Naval base in Hawaii ...
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Transcript of Pearl Harbor and the American Response. Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 U.S. Naval base in Hawaii ...
Pearl HarborPearl Harbor
December 7, 1941December 7, 1941 U.S. Naval base in U.S. Naval base in
HawaiiHawaii Japan, under the rule Japan, under the rule
of Hideki Tojo (prime of Hideki Tojo (prime minister and minister and General), launched a General), launched a surprise attacksurprise attack
ResultResult
U.S. lost:U.S. lost: Two U.S. Navy Two U.S. Navy
battleshipsbattleships• USS ArizonaUSS Arizona• USS UtahUSS Utah
One minelayerOne minelayer Two DestroyersTwo Destroyers 188 Airplanes188 Airplanes 2,388 soldiers (half 2,388 soldiers (half
were aboard the USS were aboard the USS Arizona)Arizona)
Japan lost:Japan lost: 29 Airplanes29 Airplanes 5 Midget Submarines5 Midget Submarines 65 men65 men
Why?Why?
Rising tensions between the U.S. and Rising tensions between the U.S. and Japan throughout the 20s and 30sJapan throughout the 20s and 30s Both were expanding in the PacificBoth were expanding in the Pacific
The attack on Pearl Harbor was Japan’s The attack on Pearl Harbor was Japan’s attempt to cut the U.S. off from aiding attempt to cut the U.S. off from aiding Great Britain (who was fighting Germany, Great Britain (who was fighting Germany, Japan’s ally) and eliminate the threat in Japan’s ally) and eliminate the threat in the Pacific oceanthe Pacific ocean
Wait a minute… This sounds familiar…
OutcomeOutcome
Before Pearl Harbor the U.S. practiced Before Pearl Harbor the U.S. practiced isolationismisolationism Lend-Lease Act: Lend-Lease Act: Aided the allies with more Aided the allies with more
than 50 billion dollars worth of goodsthan 50 billion dollars worth of goods Refused to go to war because of thousands of Refused to go to war because of thousands of
German AmericansGerman Americans December 8, 1941: The U.S. declared war December 8, 1941: The U.S. declared war
on Japanon Japan
The End of the Great DepressionThe End of the Great Depression
War Production War Production BoardBoard: The creation : The creation of military equipment of military equipment created thousands of created thousands of new jobsnew jobs More jobs for African More jobs for African
Americans, Mexican Americans, Mexican Americans, and Americans, and womenwomen
Rosie the Riveter became the symbol of the working woman
Fighting JapanFighting Japan
Japan conquered Hong Kong, Thailand, Japan conquered Hong Kong, Thailand, Guam, Wake, and the PhilippinesGuam, Wake, and the Philippines KamikazeKamikaze: Japanese suicide pilots who would : Japanese suicide pilots who would
fly their planes into American targets fly their planes into American targets
The Battle of MidwayThe Battle of Midway
The Battle of MidwayThe Battle of Midway The Japanese attempted to surprise attack The Japanese attempted to surprise attack
MidwayMidway The U.S. learned of the attack (broke their The U.S. learned of the attack (broke their
code) and brought in reinforcementscode) and brought in reinforcements This U.S. victory became the turning point of This U.S. victory became the turning point of
the war against Japanthe war against Japan Now on the offensive, the U.S. began Now on the offensive, the U.S. began
island hoppingisland hopping in the Pacific in the Pacific
An American island usedas a refueling station
This means “on the attack”
Iwo JimaIwo Jima
The U.S. attacked JapanThe U.S. attacked Japan Japanese hid in underground Japanese hid in underground
tunnelstunnels More than 120,000 More than 120,000
Japanese soldiers were Japanese soldiers were killed in the battlekilled in the battle
Japanese who survivedJapanese who survivedcommitted suicidecommitted suicide
Americans could useAmericans could usethe islands to attack Japanthe islands to attack Japan
The island was practically a wasteland, so why try to capture it?
When the U.S. first arrived, the island appeared abandoned,and the United Statesdeclared it as their own
The Japanese were hiding in an elaborate system of tunnelsdug into the hillside, waiting for the right momentto strike
OkinawaOkinawa Americans attacked the JapaneseAmericans attacked the Japanese The bloodiest World War II battle in the The bloodiest World War II battle in the
PacificPacific Both sides lost thousands of menBoth sides lost thousands of men
American: More 12,000 killedAmerican: More 12,000 killed Japanese: More than 130,000 killedJapanese: More than 130,000 killed
“In many cases, hand grenades, which were in extreme shortage, were distributed to residents. I heard people say they were told by the military to commit suicide using the grenades rather than becoming captives."
The End of the War in the PacificThe End of the War in the Pacific
Japan refused to surrenderJapan refused to surrender The Manhattan Project: The Manhattan Project: Top secret Top secret
program led by Robert Oppenheimer to program led by Robert Oppenheimer to build an atomic bombbuild an atomic bomb
The bombings of Hiroshima and NagasakiThe bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Harry Truman—who had taken over for the Harry Truman—who had taken over for the
deceased F.D.R.—decided to use the bombsdeceased F.D.R.—decided to use the bombs Killed more than 175,000 civiliansKilled more than 175,000 civilians Forced Japan to surrenderForced Japan to surrender
Vowed to fight until every Japanese man, woman, and child was dead
““My God, what have we done?” – the co-My God, what have we done?” – the co-pilot of the pilot of the Enola GayEnola Gay, the bomber that , the bomber that dropped the “Little Boy” on Hiroshimadropped the “Little Boy” on Hiroshima