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Hello and Good Morning!!! I am Anushree Rathi and today Ill be presenting on the topic. THE PEAK OIL CRISIS!!!!!1

WHAT IS THE PEAK OIL THEORY & CRISIS?SOLUTIONS! HOW CAN WE PREPARE FOR THE FUTURE?HOW DOES PEAK OIL CRISIS IMPACT THE WORLD ECONOMY?WHY IS PEAK OIL SUCH AN HOT ISSUE TODAY?? THE DEMAND OR IMPORTANCE OF OIL, WHY ARE WE SO DEPENDANT ON IT!? ****

Through this presentation, I will be covering the following subject matters:

WHAT IS THE PEAK OIL THEORY & CRISIS?

WHY IS PEAK OIL SUCH AN HOT ISSUE TODAY? WHAT IS THE DEMAND RATHER IMPORTANCE OF OIL AROUND THE WORLD!? WORLD WITHOUT OIL AND ITS AFTERMATH!

HOW IS PEAK OIL CRISIS RELATED WITH ECONOMIES! ITS IMPACTS

SOLUTIONS! HOW CAN WE PREPARE FOR THE FUTURE?2

VIDEO!!

To begin with / get a deeper insight into this topic / Ill introduce this peak oil through a video!! Video! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TNAEk9BA9183

M. King Hubbert introduced this theory in the 1950s!Heinitially used the models behind peak oil in 1956 to accurately predict that United States oil production would peak between 1965 and 1971!

A geologist named M. King Hubbert developed the peak oil theory in the 1950's. Peak oil is not about running out of oil! It refers to the fact that, since oil is a finite resource, the annual rate of production of oil must at some point reach an all-time maximum a peak and then decline.

He first used his model behind peak oil in 1956 to predict that United States oil production would peak between 1965 and 1971. He was proved right in 1971, when United States oil production peaked at 10,200,000 barrels per day. Since then it has been in a gradual decline!4

Oil Fields Peak

Time - Decades

Production

19452000Year

ProductionU.S Lower 48 StatesRegions Peak (Many oil fields)

The world will peak (All regions)

His logistic model follows a similar type of curve for the production of oil wells, oil fields, oil regions and oil countries and links them in the following manner!!

That an oil field with peak through decades when many oil fields of a particular region peak itll lead to regions peak and when this happens the world peak is next to follow!!!!!!5

FIELD NAMECOUNTRYDISCOVERY YEARRANGE OF URRGhawarSaudi Arabia194866 100Burgan GreaterKuwait193832 60SafaniyaSaudi Arabia195121 36Bolivar CoastalVenezuela191714 36BerriSaudi Arabia196410 25Rumalia N & SIraq195322ZakumAbu Dhabi196417 21Cantarell ComplexMexico197611 20ManifaSaudi Arabia195717KirkukIraq192716GashsaranIran192812 15AbqaiqSaudi Arabia194110 15AhwazIran195813 15MarunIran196312 - 14

GIANT OIL FIELDS OF THE WORLD!!

These are the giant oil fields around the world!!!

20 years ago, all of these fields had the capacity to produce MORE THAN 1000000 barrels/day!!

And today: only FOUR can produce that much!!!6

DISCOVERY PEAKEDIN 1990PRODUCTION IN2011Russia is hunting for new sources of oil!

Now this is scary. Russia, the second largest producer of oil, only to Saudi Arabia has peaked its production.7

PRODUCTION PEAKED IN 2003

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PRODUCTION PEAKED IN 1999Consumes more than it produces!! Energy Beyond Oil

In 15 years we will be importing most of our oil and gas.http://www.fraw.org.uk/publications/e-series/e01/e01-peak_energy.html

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PRODUCTION PEAKED IN 1996

Egypts oil production peaked in 1996 and has since then declined by around 30%

Since the 1960s, Egypt has moved from complete food self-sufficiency to excessive dependence on imports, subsidized by oil revenues. Its oil productionpeaked in 1996, and since then has declined by around 30 per cent.

http://www.treehugger.com/corporate-responsibility/peak-oil-poverty-more-background-on-the-egyptian-popular-uprising.html

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NOT FAR AWAY

If this trend is to follow, the peak of world oil is not far away!!!!11

VIDEO!

WORLD OIL CONSMPTION

13Now looking at consumption patterns of oil across the world by countries:United States ranks at the 1st positionIts followed by ChinaAnd that is closely followed by Russia, India, Japan, Saudi Arabia etc.

It's not just that these energy sources provide the energy that drives human civilisation; the money generated by the production of energy resources also powers the world's economy.

FARMING

CLOTHING & APPARELS

COSMETICS

ROAD SECTOR

AGRICULTURE

TRANSPORTATION

HOUSING & DEVELOPMENT

PHARMACEUTICALS

ELECTRICITY

IRRIGATION

TEXTILE

PETRO CHEMICALS

PLANTATION

INDUSTRY FUEL

TOURISM

MILITARY

The world runs on oil & gas!!!If we go by sectors, of the total world oil consumption 60% - 70% is directed to fuels used in transportation!

Next up is AGRICULTURE

The list goes on just as does the demand for oil!!But lets have a look at what this growing demand can lead to.14

THE BP OIL SPILL!!!!!!15

THE BP OIL SPILLDeepwater Horizon Spill, anoil spillin theGulf of Mexicowhich flowed unabated for three months in 2010.

An analysis showed that about 58,000 barrels of oil escaped per day until a temporary cap was effectively put in place in July, after the explosion in April.

BP oil spill: '4.4m barrels' leaked into Gulf of Mexico

Also known as the Deepwater Horizon Spill or the Macondo blowout, it was an oil spill that was caused due to the drilling rig explosion in the gulf of Mexico!! 4.4 million barrels of oil leaked!! And it led to major disruptions!! 16

CAUSES:It was found that the companies involved had attempted to work more cheaply to save time and money

They were drilling a 35,050 feet (10,680 m) deep exploratory well. It is not easy to control pressure at such depth!IMPACTS:Hazardous to the marine life!Climate change due to carbon emission!Its been forecasted that deepwater offshore production will account for 29% of new oil supplies by 2015! Dark future ahead!

It was found that the involved companies took some irresponsible decisions that led to this disaster!!But the underlying cause behind it was PEAK OIL!! This was the first time that a drill was being done at such an high level of depth!! WHY at all would this happen?!!? Now that easy oil is not so easy to get, various nations and companies are opting for such deepwater drills!! With continuous high demand for energy worldwide we are bound to face risks like these! According to analysts, if future demands were to be met then they are counting on deepwater drills to provide 29% of oil supplies!! But after this the future seems blur!17

WARS AND TERRORISM OVER OILOIL this is what the modern Middle Eastern geopolitics has usually been about!

In 2005, Bush stated, If terrorists likeBin Ladengain control of Iraq, they would create a new training ground for future terrorist attacks. Theyd seize oil fields to fund their ambitions.

In July 2003, the Polish foreign minister,said, "We have never hidden our desire for Polish oil companies to finally have access access to Iraq's oilfields "is our ultimate objective"

Then is transportation fuel. And thats mostly oil. And thats mostly imported. And thats what people fight wars about! Mostly they dont fight war about coal, they fight about oil.

WARS OVER OIL!!Oil. That is what the modern Middle Eastern geopolitics have usually been about.Given the vast energy resources that form the backbone of western economies, influence and involvement in the Middle East has been of paramount importance for the former and current imperial and super powers, including France, Britain, USA and the former Soviet Union.

Whereas BP was insisting in public that it had no strategic interest in Iraq, in private it told the Foreign Office that Iraq was more important than anything weve seen for a long time it [BP] was willing to take big risks to get a share of the Iraqi reserves, the second largest in the world.Then is transportation fuel.And thats mostly oil.And thats mostly imported.And thats what people fight wars about! Mostly they dont fight war about coal, they fight about oil.http://whowhatwhy.com/2012/09/24/who-exclusive-gen-wesley-clark-on-oil-war-and-activism/

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CHEAP

OILINDUSTRIALIZATIONWORLD

ECONOMYCHEAP

WATER

SUPPLYCHEAP

FOOD

SUPPLYWORLD PEACESUSTAINABLE

POPULATION

It is all interlinked and with peak oil nearing what is to follow is this effect!!!As the cheap oil ends, itll affect industrialization which will impact the world economy!Availability of cheap food and cheap water will become difficult!!All the more reason thatll lead to wars and social unrest!!!19

Video!!

WHAT FUTURE HOLDS FOR US!?!?!?!20

RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES

(Solar, wind, tides, geothermal)

Biofuels from biomass

Synthetic energy from generation of hydrogen utilizing renewable energy resourcesFOR A BETTER TOMORROW

So as we can see; there are many ways to survive in the future even with this looming crisis!

Right now;About 16% of global final energy consumption comes fromrenewable resources, with 10% of all energy from traditionalbiomass, mainly used forheating, and 3.4% fromhydroelectricity.We can start by taking small steps like replacing frontyard grass and flowers with vegetables and gardens.Or 21

PEAK OIL

MYTH

OR

REALITY? ? ?

Around the world, presidents, national inquiries, parliamentary interrogations etc. have put Peak Oil on the agenda.Despite of these facts and statistics, there are those who believe Peak Oil to be a myth! It is upon us to take a decision for ourselves!What I now belive is that noone can deny peak discoveries and soon noone will deny peak productions!Those that take advantage of preparing now will not only survive the great energy shock, they can prepare and even prosper in future!22

My father rode a camel;

I drive a car;

My son flies a jet;

His son

will ride a camel!A FAMOUS SAUDI SAYING:

Before concluding; Id just like to share this famous Saudi saying with youll..

My father rode a camel; I drive a car; my son flies a jet; and his son. Will again ride a camel!!!! :P23

THANK YOU!!!24

REFERENCE LIST:1. http://www.peakoil.net/AIMseminar/UU_AIM_Robelius.pdf2. http://crudeoilpeak.info/global-peak/norway-peak-oil3. http://www.treehugger.com/corporate-responsibility/peak-oil-poverty-more-background-on-the-egyptian-popular-uprising.html4. http://www.fraw.org.uk/publications/e-series/e01/e01-peak_energy.html5. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TNAEk9BA9186. http://www.theoildrum.com/node/64247. http://aleklett.wordpress.com/2012/07/27/peak-oil-is-no-myth/8. http://crudeoilpeak.info/global-peak/norway-peak-oil 9. http://www.energybulletin.net/stories/2010-11-01/impact-peak-oil-alternative-view10. http://ourfiniteworld.com/2011/04/11/steep-oil-decline-or-slow-oil-decline-expanded-thoughts/11. http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/others/pdf/oil_peaking_netl.pdf12. http://www.theoildrum.com/node/362613. http://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/David-R.-Francis/2010/0621/After-BP-oil-spill-peak-oil-seems-nearer-than-ever14. http://www.forbes.com/2010/01/21/biggest-oil-fields-business-energy-oil-fields.html15. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8j4Tyy5nsQ816. http://www.consortiumnews.com/2011/042211b.html17. http://why.knovel.com/all-engineering-news/2103-report-suggests-possibility-of-oil-free-us-courtesy-of-synthetic-fuels.html

REFERENE LIST!!!!http://www.peakoil.net/AIMseminar/UU_AIM_Robelius.pdftp://crudeoilpeak.info/global-peak/norway-peak-oil25