Moving on Up: Remote PHY and What it Means for the … on Up: Remote PHY and What it Means for the...

Moving on Up: Remote PHY and What it Means for the Future of

Networking Tuesday, May 17

8:00 am – 9:00 am (Eastern Time) Room 157 East – Level 1

Session Chair: Tom Cloonan, ARRIS

The Focus Remote Node / Gateway Actives Passives Headend

Remote MAC & PHY Network Aggregation

Layer (CCAP MLSR or

CCAP OLT) Digital Optics

DAC

ADC

CCAP DS MAC/PHY

CCAP US MAC/PHY

RF Signals

Digital Optics (Optical Ethernet /

G.709 / PON)

Digital Fiber Coax (DFC) Portion of the Network

Edge QAM CMTS CCAP

Broadcast Services Digital

Optics

Digital Optical Transport Shelf


G.709 / PON)

Broadband Digital Optional

use of Companding

or Compression

Digital Optics

DAC

ADC

Optional use of

Companding or

Compression RF

Signals

DAC

ADC

RF Signals


Remote PHY

Digital Optics

DAC

ADC

CCAP DS PHY CCAP

US PHY CCAP MAC Core

CCAP Remote PMD

MAC (DS)

MAC (US)

Digital Optics RF

Signals


G.709 / PON)


Impact on Deployment Options, Service Convergence, Redundancy, Virtualization, & PON

The Topics & the Speakers • “R-PHY Deployment Options”

– Jeff Finkelstein (Cox) • “Cable Access Redundancy: Opportunities in Virtual Deployments”

– Amit Singh (Cisco) • “The Impact of Remote PHY on Cable Service Convergence”

– Pawel Sowinski (Cisco) • “A Comparison of Centralized vs. Distributed Access Architectures

for PON” – Mike Emmendorfer (ARRIS)

• Questions & Answers – All

Thank You! Tom Cloonan, Ph.D.

CTO- Network Solutions ARRIS

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

A Comparison of Centralized vs. Distributed Access Architectures for PON

Michael Emmendorfer Vice President, Systems Engineering and Architecture

ARRIS International PLC May 17, 2016

Purpose and Scope of the Analysis

• The DPoE system refers to the set of subsystems within the hub site that provides the functions necessary to meet the DPoE specification requirements [CableLabs]

• This paper defines and examines the next generation DPoE systems, which functions may not reside completely at a hub site, but rather can be in the cloud, hub site, and/or node locations

• The Paper Proposes the Next Generation DPoE Systems may include:

– Two (2) access architecture classes for PON: • Centralized Access Architecture (CAA) for PON • Distributed Access Architecture (DAA) for PON

– Introduces sub-class PON access architectures within each class – Additional features to facility based CAA DPoE systems and DAA DPoE systems

2

3

• OLT MAC and PHY are located at the facility

• Complex systems are not in the ODN / OSP

• ODN may be completely passive (no actives)

• ODN may have an active for a transparent O-E-O conversion of WDM optics to PON optics called a PON Extender

– Active Optical Network (AON) not a Passive Optical Network

• OLT MAC and PHY are located in the ODN (node or

cabinet)

• ODN definitely has an active device – Active Optical Network (AON) not a Passive Optical Network

• Layer 2 / 3 architecture

• Requires Two (2) Data Transport Networks: – Trunk Link: Data link between facility and node (likely P2P) – Line Network: Node to subscribers (PON network P2MP)

• Generally Called a “Remote OLT” (R-OLT) – There are several system architectures for DAA for PON – There may be several product form factors node and cabinet

Types of OLT/ DPoE System Network Architectures

Centralized Access Architecture for PON Distributed Access Architecture for PON

Drivers & Assessment Criteria For CAA vs. DAA for PON

4

Drivers PON Extender or Remote PON 1. Fiber Utilization 2. Serving Area Distance (Facility to CPE) 3. Space/Power/Scaling Utilization in HE 4. SDN/NFV Support 5. Cost Assessment E2E (OPEX and

CAPEX)

Assessment Criteria of Access Architecture 1. Fiber Utilization 2. Serving Area Distance (Facility to CPE) 3. Space/Power/Scaling Utilization in HE 4. Space/Power/Scaling Utilization in ODN 5. SDN/NFV Support 6. Capacity Performance Differences 7. Latency Performance Differences 8. High Availability System / Network 9. System and Operational Complexity 10. Cost Assessment E2E (OPEX and CAPEX)

OLT

DPoE Subsystems

US LTM DS TM

EPON MAC

US UTM

DPoE System

R PE VSI(N)

802 Switch VSI(1)

PBB I-BEB

VE

OSS IP

Network

R P

R PE

R/X

vCM: Virtual Cable Mode R: Router PE: Provider Edge VE: VPLS Edge (Virtual Private LAN Service Edge) VSI: Virtual Switching Instance 802 Switch: Switch based on Layer 2 PBB: Provider Backbone Bridging [802.1ah] I-BEB: I-component backbone edge bridge OLT: Optical Line Terminal DS TM: Downstream Traffic Management US UTM: Upstream Upper Traffic Management US LTM: Upstream Lower Traffic Management Scheduling / Shaping Algorithms / QoS

10G PHY

DPoE Mediation Layer vCM vCM

6

MLSR DPoE Mediation

Layer

US LTM

10G PHY

DS TM

Timing

EPON MAC

VSI(N) 802

Switch

VSI(1) R PE

DPoE Mediation Layer Functions • Mediation between OSS, NMS, and EPON Layers • Virtual Cable Modem (vCM) for registered D-ONU • vCM handles all the OAMP functions for DOCSIS • vCM can proxy requests, signaling, and messages to

the D-ONU using EPON OAM messages • Communicate with D-ONU for provisioning all

required services (e.g. IP HSD, MEF etc.) • vCM Interfaces with System Control Plane for

configuration (e.g. service flow, classifier, and downstream QoS etc.)

• Platform Management Interfaces (CLI, SNMP, etc.)

Downstream Traffic Management (DS TM): • Subscriber Management Filtering (drop) • Classification & Policing (to Service Flow (SF)) • Multicast / Packet Replication • Scheduling / Shaping Algorithms / QoS Priority of SF

(LLIDs)(DOCSIS QoS, MEF Metering / Color Marking) • Packet Counters and Statics (IPDR Raw Data) • DSCP / ToS / TPID (MEF) Overwrite and Translation • CoS Mapping • CALEA / Lawful Intercept

vCM vCM

US UTM

Upstream Upper Traffic Management (US UTM) • CALEA / LI • DSCP / ToS / TPID (MEF) Overwrite • CoS Mapping • Packet Counters and Statics (IPDR Raw Data) • Subscriber Management Filtering (drop) • Cable Source Verify / MAC Learning /Protocol Throttling • Classification & Policing for forwarding toward the NNI

or backplane (aggregate rate limiting)

Upstream Lower Traffic Management (US LTM) • Scheduling / Shaping Algorithms / QoS Priority of LLIDs

(Service Flows) • Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) – solicited

scheduling • Token Size per LLID • Polling Interval per LLID • Scheduling / Queuing Algorithm

• Unsolicited Scheduling • MPCP Processing

EPON PHY Layer (Upstream) • FEC • PR-type PMD (PON Optics)

EPON MAC Layer • LLID to VLAN (tunnel ID) • Operation, Administration, and Management (OAM) • Multipoint Control Protocol (MPCP) (Discovery &

Registration, GATE Generation, REPORT Processing, Round Trip Time, LLID / Preamble (Frame Formation)

• Encryption AES 128

Multilayer Switch Router (Control & Data Plane) • Routing • ARP • NDP • IS-IS • OSPF

• MP-BGP • MPLS • VPLS • Layer 2 Encapsulation • Layer 2 Switching

Control Plane

Control Plane Functions • Centralized control for all required configurations (e.g.

port, channel and MC domain etc.) • Centralized control for sending all the collected stats

(e.g. port, channel and mac domain etc.). • EPON MAC for programming all required functionality

(e.g. port, channel, LLID and upstream QoS etc.). • DS TM for programming all required functionality (e.g.

service flow, classifier, and downstream QoS etc.). • Implement the control plane for multicast forwarding

DPoE System Functions

Centralized Access Architecture (CAA) for PON Overview: Passives CPE Service Provider Facility

Centralized Access Architecture – OLT with Standard Wavelengths

ONU ONU

// ONU ONU MDU

ML

SR

DPoE

US

LTM

& M

AC

PH

Y/XF

P

DS

& U

S T

M

Tim

ing

SFU

Enterprise SMB

10G EPON Optics Single Fiber and Single 10G PON Wavelengths

Integrated - DPoE System

7

Centralized Access Architecture – OLT with Multiple Wavelengths

ONU ONU

ONU ONU MDU

ML

SR

DPoE

US

LTM

& M

AC

PH

Y/XF

P

DS

& U

S T

M

Tim

ing

SFU

Enterprise SMB Single Fiber and Multiple 10G PON Wavelengths (8)


WDM

10G EPON Optics using Multiple Wavelength Plan // OLT with 80G Passive ODN Fixed Color ONU

Tunable ONU

Note 1: OLT / DPoE System is shown in a single shelf. However, using a SDN architecture design the control and data plane processes may be separated, with the control plane processes placed on servers & control traffic through spine switches. Additionally, using a Network Function Virtualization (NFV) architecture design both control and data plane processes may be placed on servers & traffic through spine switches.

PON Extender

Centralized Access Architecture – OLT with PON Extender

ONU ONU

// ONU ONU MDU

ML

SR

DPoE

US

LTM

& M

AC

PH

Y/XF

P

DS

& U

S T

M

Tim

ing

SFU

Enterprise SMB

EPON Optics Single Fiber and Lots of Wavelengths


WDM

10G Ethernet Optics WDM 10

G Et

hern

et

Opt

ics

O-E

-O

PON

O

ptic

s

ODN Actives

8

CPE Service Provider Facility ODN Actives Passives Distributed Access Architecture – Remote PON MAC

US

LTM

&

MA

C

PON

Opt

ics

Tim

ing

L2 /

L3

Remote PON MAC (RPM)

ONU ONU

// ONU ONU MDU

ML

SR

DPoE

Agg

. Sw

itch

PHY/

XFP

DS

& U

S T

M

Tim

ing

SFU

Enterprise SMB

M-OLT Packet Shelf

Single Fiber and Lots of Wavelengths

10G Ethernet + MACsec WDM

EPON Optics

Note 1: M-OLT Packet Shelf is shown in a single shelf. However, using a SDN architecture design the control and data plane processes may be separated, with the control plane processes placed on servers & control traffic through spine switches. Additionally, using a Network Function Virtualization (NFV) architecture design both control and data plane processes may be placed on servers & traffic through spine switches. Note 2: R-OLT is shown using NFV for the DML only and SDN may used as well. Note 3: R-OLT and RDS may use SDN.

MA

Cse

c

MA

Cse

c

Distributed Access Architecture – Remote DPoE System

US

LTM

&

MA

C

PON

Opt

ics

Tim

ing

L2 /

L3

TM

Remote DPoE System (RDS)

DPoE

ONU ONU

// ONU ONU MDU

ML

SR

Agg

. Sw

itch

PHY/

SPF+

SFU

Enterprise SMB

EPON Optics Single Fiber and Lots of Wavelengths

MLSR

WDM

10G Ethernet + MACsec WDM M

AC

sec

MA

Cse

c

EMS

PHY/

SFP+

PHY/

SFP+

Distributed Access Architecture – Remote OLT

US

LTM

&

MA

C

PON

Opt

ics

Tim

ing

L2 /

L3

TM

DPoE

Clie

nt

Remote OLT (R-OLT) DPoE

ONU ONU

ONU ONU MDU SFU

Enterprise SMB

//

ML

SR

Agg

. Sw

itch

PHY/

SPF+

MLSR

Single Fiber and Lots of Wavelengths

10G Ethernet + MACsec WDM

EPON Optics

MA

Cse

c

MA

Cse

c

EMS

PHY/

SFP+

WDM

WDM

Distributed Access Architecture (DAA) for PON Overview:

Summary Assessment of CAA for PON: • CAA enables an All Passive Network (except for PON extender) with 100% of the software in the facility • Centralized Access Architecture – OLT with NG-PON2 Wavelengths

– Optical Options • Full Band Tunable Optics increase one-time capital cost of the solution but yields a passive network for operations • Partial band Tunable may reduce capital compared with full band tunable • Single Wave lowest cost but will impact operations due to management of different colored pluggables or CPE

– Cost Assessment • Will increase at the OLT and ONU compared to nearly all other solutions • Aligning 10G EPON TWDM and NG-PON2 TWDM will drive volumes and will reduces cost • We are exploring many different CPE optical wavelength plans and non-tunable solutions (costs should reduce) • Cost will likely not reach the 10G EPON single wave level

• Centralized Access Architecture – OLT with PON Extender

– Requires active in the outside plant (PON moves to AON – Active Optical Network) – Fiber utilization solved with PON Extender and use of DWDM/CWDM 10G Ethernet optics – Maintains the use of the same 10G EPON 802.3av PON optical wavelengths to the CPE – Distance challenge is solved with spans to ~80 km (between facility and node) – An increase in separation between the “current” OLT PON Scheduler and the ONU reduces upstream link capacity – Maximizes PON port utilization – Cost Compared to CAA PON and DAA need to be examined closely

9

Summary Assessment of DAA for PON: • Requires actives in the outside plant (PON moves to AON – Active Optical Network)

• Maintains the use of the same 10G EPON 802.3av PON optical wavelengths to the CPE

• Space Savings in the Headend (depends and may not be significant)

– Depends on customers per headend aggregation router port (within 2 km allows 128 subs per port) – Non-blocking architecture between HE and node may have marginal HE space savings (vs. PON Extender) – Blocking architecture between HE and node will increase the space savings

• Maximizes – Fiber utilization with use of WDM optics to the DAA for PON device – Fiber distance between facility and customers served to ~80 km or more – PON port utilization because PON closer to subs and blocking architecture may be used

• Costs – The functions required/desired in the Remote PON Device shifts complexity and costs. – Cost Compared to CAA PON and DAA needs to be examined closely

• Differences between the three sub-classes of DAA for PON are examined in the paper

10

What are the Key Differences in CAA PON Extender vs. DAA OLT?

• Fiber utilization are solved by both PON extender and DAA for PON (RPM, R-OLT, or RDS)

• Distance Challenge (facility to subscriber) – Solved by Both PON Extender and DAA for PON (RPM, R-OLT, or RDS) – When PON Extender is used to increase between the “current” OLT PON Scheduler (facility) and the ONU

reduces upstream link capacity. – DAA for PON (any option) typically will have short distance separation between OLT & ONU, thus have higher

capacity and lower latency than any CAA option.

• Space savings in the headend between these options are not significant (DAA is slightly better)

• Overall architectures differences – CAA with PON extender keeps all the software in the facility this is important to some MSOs and within Comcast

engineering and ops like this approach (similar to HFC node) – With 100% of the hardware and software in the facility this means the entire OLT can be part of SDN and NFV – The more that is distributed to the node the less that is part of the NFV

11

Thank You! Michael Emmendorfer

Vice President, Systems Engineering and Architecture ARRIS International PLC

May 17, 2016

REMOTE PHY DEVICE DEPLOYMENT OPTIONS 16 March 2016

2

About ~85% of annual Network Capex is in the Access Network that includes Edge, OSP & CPE, but excludes Backbone & Metro

We satisfy the customer demand growth by managing available plant bandwidth and subscribers sharing the bandwidth

Access Summary

Access network is planned to offer an optimal customer Quality of Experience during peak hours (typically 7 – 10 PM)

Currently carrier additions and node splits are used to meet the speed plan and tier penetration

Engineering Guidelines

DOCSIS 3.1 will enable a 1 Gbps product offer at low penetration rates

A Fiber Deep strategy positions us to leverage our HFC network while maintaining a path to future access technologies (FTTH, FDX…)

DOCSIS 3.1 to 1 Gbps and beyond

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

NETWORK OVERVIEW

3

Backbone Metro Edge Outside Plant Customer Premise

Resid

entia

l Bu

sines

s

Backbone & Peering

Points

Networks are segmented into five areas – Backbone, Metro, Edge, Outside Plant (OSP), and Customer Premise Equipment (CPE).

Terminates our services in the home & business

Interconnects hub sites to customers

Local distribution point for subscriber content

Aggregation point for the hub sites, local content ingest

Modem, STB, Wi-Fi

CB CPE

Interconnect markets, national content ingest

Access Network Core Metro

Nodes, Amplifiers etc. CMTS, Video Servers, Back Office Aggregation Routers

Optical Line Termination Routers CB Aggregation Routers Fiber, Splitters etc.

BANDWIDTH BASICS

4

The total downstream and upstream bandwidth is shared across all subscribers in a Service Group.

2 4 9 52 58 2 32

D3

.0

Other Data + Voice Reserved Available Digital Video Control D3.0

5 MHz 1 GHz 42 MHz

Downstream Up

6.4 MHz 30 Mbps

6.0 MHz 42.88 Mbps

1D

(*) Example assumes All-Digital in the market

Downstream Bandwidth

Total Bandwidth offered by

1 GHz DOCSIS Spectrum

Total bandwidth is shared across

the Service Group

Avg. bandwidth per Sub.

Total SG Bandwidth

Size of SG =

Upstream Bandwidth

Single Quadrature Amplitude Modulated (QAM) upstream channel is 6.4 MHz wide with a raw capacity of 30 Mbps

Single Quadrature Amplitude Modulated (QAM) downstream channel is 6.0 MHz wide with a raw capacity of 38.8 Mbps

Band

wid

th p

er S

ub

QAM

s in

1 G

Hz M

arke

ts*

BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT

5

We manage bandwidth per service group by carefully managing the capacity and reach on the network.

Influencing Factors Technology Enablers Bandwidth per Sub

Total Available bandwidth

Number of Subs. Sharing BW

Capacity

Subscribers in SG

1

2

Tier Mix

Speed Tiers

Concurrency

Homes Passed

Tier Penetration

Carrier Additions

IP Video

DOCSIS 3.1 3.1

32D

Spectrum Expansion, Mid Split

Node Splits

Fiber Deep (N+1, N+0)

+

6

Access Network is defined by the headend equipment (Cable Modem Termination Systems (CMTS), Video QAMs, Back office servers), OSP infrastructure (Node, Amplifiers) and CPE

To metro distribution

CMTS Fiber Node Tap

Amplifier

Tap

Tap

Tap

Customer

Households Passed (HHP) – Number of homes that fall in the serving area of a single fiber node Service Group – Number of customers sharing DS and US bandwidth

Households Passed

+

Fiber

Coax

Fiber

Coax

Coax

Not a customer

Serv

ice

Gro

up

Fibe

r Dee

per Tap N

+5

HHP 512

Tap N+1

HHP 128

Tap N+0

HHP 64

Fiber Fiber

Fiber

Fiber Fiber

Fiber

Fiber terminates at the node

Node plus 5 Amplifiers

Node plus an Amplifier

Node with no Amplifier (passive network)

ACCESS NETWORK

vCCAP HA – Opportunities in Virtual Environments

Amit Singh

Principal Engineer, CTAO Cisco Systems

May 2016

Tunable HA in a vCCAP Environment • Virtual Instance/RPD • 10x - 100 Subs/RPD • Managed as a Single Entity

• Backup Instance N to n:1 • Tunable Time Of Day/Calendar • Tunable By Service Location • Multiple Service Tiers • Repurpose Infrastructure • Flexible Energy Usage

Orchestration

RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs

Server VM1 VM2

Server VM1 VM2

vCCAP Data Center (DC) Instance

HA Manager Remote PHY Device (RPD)

Orchestration Server


VM1 VM2

Server VM1 VM2

HA Manager

Restart Virtual Machine

• Lowest HA Tier • Simplest • Cheapest • Reestablish RPD tunnels • Reregister Modems

Orchestration Server


VM1 VM2

Server VM1 VM2

DB DB DB DB

Stateful Restart

• Simplified • Add Storage Infrastructure • Re-establish RPD Tunnels • Modems Reregister

HA Manager

Orchestration

Stateless Backup No Pairing RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs

VM1 VM2

Active VM Server

VM1 VM2

Backup VM Server (Oversubscribed)

Active VM Server

VMa VMj

• Add Redundant Servers • Re-establish RPD Tunnels • Modems Reregister

HA Manager

Orchestration

Stateless Paired Backup RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs

VM1 VM2

Active VM Server

VM1 VM2

Backup VM Server (Oversubscribed)

Active VM Server

VMa VMj

HA Manager

• Add Redundant Servers • Pre-establish RPD Tunnels • Modems Reregister

Orchestration

Stateful Reduntant VM RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs

Server VM1 VM2

Server VM1 VM2

DB DB DB DB

Backup VM Server (Oversubscribed) VMa VMj

HA Manager

• Highest HA SLA • Physical HA Equivalent • Pre-establish RPD Tunnels • No Modem Reregistration

vCMTS HA – Disaster Protection 1:1 Disaster Backup VM in Alternate Data Center(s)

Backup VM Server

Active VM Server Active VM1 Active VM2 Active VM3

Backup VM1 Backup VM2 Backup VM3 Backup VM4 Backup VM5

DB

DB

DB Data Center

Active VM Server Active VM2 Active VM3

DB

DB Disaster VM Server Way Over Provisioned

Disaster VM1

Disaster VM2

Disaster VM3

Disaster VM4

Disaster VM5

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

Data Center

Tunable HA – Lots of Dials!

Thank You!

vCMTS HA Failover Mechanics (100 - 200 msec latency) ① Active VM 1 has an Accident

② Keepalives to Backup VM & Orchestration Fail;

RPD Tunnels go down ① Orchestration Notices Keep Alive failure OR

Backup VM Notifies Orchestration VM1 Went Down

② Orchestration Notifies Backup VM to Take Over

③ Orchestration Re-Routes Backhaul Traffic to Backup VM

① Backup VM Becomes DB Master & Keeps It

Updated

② Orchestration Cleans up Active VM1 & Spawns New_VM1 (1588 Sync); Backup VM1 Connects to DB to Sync State Back

Backup VM Server

Active VM Server

Active VM1

Backup VM1

DB

Data Center

Orchestration

DC Network

RPD

4

5

3

2

1

7

6

vCMTS HA Revert Back Mechanics (Backup Server Over Subscribed)

① New_VM1 Initializes & Waits for Hold Over Time (10 mins ?) & the tunnels/keep alives are up & running

② Orchestration Notifies New_VM1 & Backup VM New_VM1 is Going Active

① New_VM1 Notifies RPD Its Going

Active (Assume: RPD Tunnel Switch is Quicker than Orchestration Re-Route)

① Orchestration Re-Routes Backhaul

Traffic to New_VM1

② RPD Starts Sending US Traffic to New_VM1

Backup VM Server

Active VM Server

New_VM1

Backup VM1

DB

Data Center

Orchestration

DC Network

RPD 5

3 1

4

2

Orchestration

Backup VM Server

Active VM Server

Active VM1 Active VM2

Backup VM1 Backup VM2 Backup VM4 Backup VM5

DB DB

Active VM Server

Active VM2 Active VM3

DB DB

vCMTS DC Instance RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs RPDs

The Impact of Remote PHY on

Cable Service Convergence

Pawel Sowinski Principal Engineer, CTAO

Cisco Systems Inc.

May 2016

Agenda • On Friday, May 13th, 2016 MIT Technology Review

published an article entitled: “Moore’s Law Is Dead. Now What?”

• Today, we’ll discuss how three features of Remote PHY architecture help the cable operators deal with access network scaling issues - a result of exponential bandwidth growth, indirectly driven by Moore’s law. • Is it already too late?

Traditional Cable Access Network

• Independent service delivery systems

• Integration via RF Combining Network

Broadcast Video

Regional Network (Ethernet/IP)

CMTS NarrowcastEQAM OOB

RF Combiner Network

Analog Optics

Analog Fiber

Optical Node A

Optical Node B

Optical Node C

Optical Node D

Optical Node F

Optical Node E

VoDInternet Access

Hub

Node

HFC Fiber

HFC Coax

Headend

Analog Video

BroadcastEQAM

Cable Access Network with CCAP

Cable Convergence:

Integration of DOCSIS and MPEG video services into a single delivery platform with combined RF output at very large scale.

Broadcast Video


I-CCAP: CMTS+EQAM OOB

RF Combiner Network

Analog Optics

Analog Fiber

Optical Node A

Optical Node B

Optical Node C

Optical Node D

Optical Node F

Optical Node E

VoDInternet Access

Hub

Node

HFC Fiber

HFC Coax

Headend

Analog Video

Converged Yet Mostly Separate

• Above the PHY layer, MPEG Video and DOCSIS subsystems of CCAP are mostly divergent.

• Modularity based on RF line card results in fixed scaling of MAC-level and PHY-level resources.

• Reduced availability due to reliance on hardware components shared between services.

MPEG MACSubsystem

I-CCAP RF Line Card

DOCSIS MACSubsystem

PIC

Switch Fabric

Interface

DS RF Port

US RF Port

DS PHY

US PHY

Remote PHY

• CCAP Core houses MAC-level resources • RPD contains PHY-level resources • IP network provides ultimately flexible fabric for combining these resources

MPEG MACSubsystem

CCAP Core

DOCSIS MACSubsystem

Pseudowire Termination

TimingInterface

Control and Data Plane Connections

Time and Frequency

10 GE

DS PHY

US PHY

Pseudowire Termination

TimingInterface

RPD

10 GE

Converged and Separate Service Platforms

CCAP Core

PHYIPNetwork

MAC =DOCSIS +

Broadcast Video +VOD + SDV +

OOB Controller

CCAP Core 1DOCSIS MAC

Core 2Broadcast Video

MAC

Core 4OOB

Controller

PHY

Core 3VOD MAC

IPNetwork

Virtual Splitting and Combining

• Cost effective broadcast service delivery. • Independent scaling of MAC and PHY resources. • Fundamental tools in building serving groups spanning multiple RPDs.

CCAP CoreMAC

IPNetwork

PHY

PHY

PHY

PHY

PHY

Network replicates data sent from a single MAC-level channel to PHY-level channels in

multiple RPDs

Multicast Pseudowire CCAP CoreMAC

IPNetwork

PHY

PHY

PHY

PHY

PHY

Phy-level channels from multiple PHYs are mapped to one MAC-level channel

R-PHY Access Network

• DOCSIS service groups • Individual RPNs and virtually

split/combined RPNs

• VoD service groups • Broadcast and SDV SGs

Broadcast Video


DOCSIS (v)Core

OOB Core

Outside Plant Ethernet Network

RPN A

VoDInternet Access

Hub, Headend or Data Center

R-PHYNode

HFC Coax

VoiceService

Internal Ethernet Network

Digital Fiber

RPN B RPN C RPN D RPN E RPN F RPN G RPN H RPN I RPN J

Broadcast EQAM (v)Core

VoD EQAM (v)Core

DOCSIS SG 1 DOCSIS SG 2 DOCSIS SG 3 DOCSIS SG 4 DOCSIS SG 6

VoD SG 1 VoD SG 1

Broadcast and SDV Video SG

DOCSIS SG 5

VS/VC VS/VC VS/VC VS/VC

SDV EQAM (v)Core

Virtual Splitting and Virtual Combining

Conclusion • The unmatched flexibility of Remote

PHY technology with features such as virtual splitting and combining redefines the traditional meaning of cable service convergence.

• R-PHY enables cable operators to

build access networks which exceed the original convergence and scaling goals for CCAP.

Thank you!

[email protected]

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