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Afghan Shahghasis

Written in Pashto By

Mohammad Masoom Hotak

English Translation By

Zaki Hotak

2008

www.hotakonline.com

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS

www.hotakonline.com 2

Table of content

Preface ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

First things first ------------------------------------------------------------- 4

Loynaab Shairdil Khan ---------------------------------------------------- 7

Khoshdil Khan Loynaab ------------------------------------------------- 15

Shahghasi Shairdil Khan’s daughters -------------------------------- 21

Waali Ali Ahmad Khan -------------------------------------------------- 26

Shahghasi Atta-ullah Khan --------------------------------------------- 32

Shahghasi Mohammad Sarwar Khan -------------------------------- 35

Mohammad Ibrahim Khan --------------------------------------------- 36

Wazir Abdul Aziz Khan -------------------------------------------------- 38

Abdul Hakim Khan ------------------------------------------------------- 40

Shahghasi Mahmood Khan Yawar ----------------------------------- 42

Mohammad Afzal Khan Shairdil -------------------------------------- 46

Genealogy ----------------------------------------------------------------- 47

Glossary -------------------------------------------------------------------- 58

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Preface

When I started writing my book titled, Kandahari Brothers, I felt

it was necessary to write about Shaghasi Shairdil Khan’s family

and include it in the book due to their relationship to the

subject matter. While researching the topic, I requested a dear

member of this family, Mr. Mohammad Yosuf Khan Shairdil, for

some pictures and information regarding his family genealogy.

He accepted my request and offered his assistance without any

hesitation.

My research was near completion when Mr. Shairdil suggested

that it would be beneficial if this section of the book is

translated in English because the majority of youth in this family

reside in North America and Europe and thus have difficulties

reading Pashto or Farsi texts.

I accepted Mr. Shairdil’s proposal and asked my son, Zaki Hotak,

to give me a hand in translating this project. The outcome of his

hard work lies here before you. I would like to thank Zaki Hotak

for his assistance and wish him all the best in the future. In

addition, I feel obliged to thank Mr. Mohammad Yosuf Khan

Shairdil for his support during the preperation of this book.

Mohammad Masoom Hotak

Oakville, Canada

January 25, 2008

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


First things first

This book here before you is my first official translation from

Pashto to English. It is a study of the history of modern

Afghanistan and some individuals involved. For any translation

project, it is important for the translator to be skilled in both

source and target languages. Most Afghan youth, including

myself, have migrated from Afghanistan at a young age. Thus it

is natural for us to have difficulties in our mother tongue. To an

extent, I have managed to solve my difficulties by reading and

writing Pashto texts, however I must confess that while working

on this project, I faced several challenges.

Majority of my challenges were in finding appropriate English

equivalents for civil and martial titles of the Royal Court

members and those in possession of official government status’.

Examples such as Hakim-e-Aalla, Eitimad-ul Dawla, Wilayat-Ma-

ab, Motamid-ul-Dawla, Nayeb-ul-Hukuma, and Siraj-ul-Milat-ul-

Walidin, are to name a few. These challenges had kept me

occupied for quite some time, however with the help of

available resources, I managed to find suitable English

equivalents for most of these terms and have included them in

the glossary on page 52.

Another hurdle was the use of different calendar dates for most

of the events that took place in this book. I felt it was necessary

for all dates to be consistent as it simplified their actual

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


occurrences. Thus using “Tatbeeq-e-Sanawaat” Mohammad

Akbar Yosufi, 1963 and “Taqweem-e-Tarikhi” Abdul Qudus

Hashimy, May 1965 I converted all these dates from Hijri-

Shamsi / Hijri-Qamari to Milaadi (Christian Calendar).

Despite the challenges I faced, this project was a great learning

experience and to top it all, it gave me a chance to learn about a

prominent family in the history of Afghanistan. I want to thank

my father, Mohammad Masoom Hotak for giving me an

opportunity to deepen my knowledge of our history and for

believing in my ability to accomplish this task. His guidance and

support is much appreciated. In addition, I hope that dear

readers will forgive me for any mistakes they may encounter as

they are solely on my part and might have occurred as a direct

result of my translation.

Zaki Hotak

Oakville, Canada

January 29, 2008

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Loynaab Shairdil Khan

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Loynaab Shairdil Khan

The transfer of Sadozai monarchy to Barakzai monarchy is an

important political event in the history of modern Afghanistan.

This event must have had several social, political and economic

reasons, however, their discussion is not related to my research.

During this transfer of power, the role of certain individuals and

families became very significant, and historians have been

researching it for quite some time. Among these families is that

of Bazar Khan Barakzai. Bazar Khan himself, was a local

Barakzai elder and belonged to the Omar Khanzai branch of the

Barakzai tribe. His father, Yaseen Khan, was a resident of

Maaroof Arghasan in Kandahar. We cannot find much about

this family in history books but because of Bazar Khan’s son,

Mirdaad Khan’s role in capturing the city of Kandahar from

Shah Mahmood Sadozai’s Waali (Governor), Nayeb (Deputy) Gul

Mohammad Khan, they were rewarded with a respected status

in the Barakzai monarchy.

Shah Mahmood Sadozai, along with his son, Shahzada (Prince)

Kamran, led his army from Kandahar to Kabul in (1819). The

objective of this operation was the removal of Amir (King) Dost

Mohammad Khan from his throne in the capital, Kabul. Shah

Mahmood was accompanied by the blinded Wazir (Minister)

Fateh Khan in this army operation as well. He had left Nayeb Gul

Mohammad Khan Popalzai in charge of the government in

Kandahar. The Kandahari Sardars (Amir Dost Mohammad Khan’s

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


brothers), Kuhandil Khan, Shairdil Khan and Pardil Khan saw this

as a golden opportunity, attacked Kandahar city and took

control. At the time of seizing the city of Kandahar, the first man

who climbed the Kandahar fort on a wooden ladder through the

Noorzo Shah Burj, was Mirdaad Khan Barakzai. After taking

control of the city, Sardar Shairdil Khan praised Mirdaad Khan

Barakzai for his bravery and rewarded him with the title of

Eishak Aqaasi 1. Prior to this, Mirdaad Khan Barakzai did not

possess a lot of popularity in the political field. From this time

on, Mirdaad Khan Barakzai’s family became famous as the

family of Shahghasi’s and began to have a great deal of

influence in the court of Amir Dost Mohammad Khan (1843-

1863), the founder of the Barakzai Monarchy. Amir’s daughter

was married to Shahghasi Shairdil. This Shairdil was Mirdaad

Khan’s son and was one of Amir Dost Mohammad Khan’s closest

and trusted advisors. Shahghasi Shairdil played an active part in

all martial, political and administrative matters and the

sultanate in Kabul valued his tribal and martial support and

guidance. He was a sociable man in his region and had a great

sense of humour. He would joke around with some of the most

1 Katib, Faiz Mohammad - Siraj-ul-Tawarikh 1 / pg 141 - 1993

Leon Poullada, in his book “Reform & Rebellion in Afghanistan, 1919-1929” page 36,

mixes the Senior Shairdil Khan’s family with the Kandahari Sardars. This is a serious

mistake on Poullada’s part caused as a result of confusing the suffex “Dil” in their names.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


senior members of the Royal Court and they didn’t mind his

humour 2.

In the early stages of Amir Shair Ali Khan’s kingdom, Amir’s

brothers spread many riots and mutinies in different provinces

of Afghanistan. Amir used Shahghasi Shairdil Khan in calming

these uprisings down. When Amir’s brother, Sardar (General)

Mohammad Aslam Khan, started revolting in Bamyan, Amir sent

Shahghasi Shairdil Khan to counsel him. In 1865, Amir Shair Ali

Khan lost his power over Kabul to Sardar Abdul Rahman Khan.

2 Mirza Yaqub Ali Khan Khafi has many narrations of Shahghasi Shairdil’s sense of

humour. Sayed Masood Pohanyaar , in his book, ” Zuhoor-e-Mashrootiat Wa

Qurbaniyan-e-Istibdad Dar Afghanistan” pg 90, states that Amir Abdul Rahman Khan’s

tailor, Khalifa Abdullah, had once said that he had brought Amir’s two grandsons,

Inayatullah Khan and Amanullah Khan, to him in Bostaan Sarai, Kabul. Amir sat them

both down on a chair in front of him. While patting his head, he held Amanullah’s hand in his and stared at it carefully. He said: This boy is Shahghasi Shairdil’s grandson. Amir

then asked everyone present, if anyone had ever seen Shahghasi. Everyone there stayed

silent. Khalifa Abdullah said” Sir! I have seen him”. Amir turned his face towards Sardar Abdul Qudus Khan, Eitimaad-ul-Dawla, who was standing behind him, and furiously

asked why he didn’t say that he had seen him? He added that “If I considered you one of

“them” you wouldn’t be standing in front of me alive.” ( By “them”, Amir meant the supporters of Amir Shair Ali Khan - . Hotak). Amir continued: “I arrested Shahghasi after

he got injured in the battle of Sayed Abad ( The text states Shash Gaw?. Hotak) and

brought him to Kabul. After his treatments were completed and his wounds had healed, he asked to be released and I let him go. But I told him that if he was to ever go to battle

with me and I captured him, he wouldn’t be left alive. He was a very humorist, well built

and hairy man. This boy, (Amanullah Khan. Hotak) when he grows up, will be just as hairy as him, he would even have hair on his nose.” Amir added: “ If the Monarchy stays

within our family until this boy grows up, he will make a great king” (Amir’s predictions

were correct. Hotak)

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Amir sent his army from Kandahar to Kabul . At this time, the

area of Wardak was administered by Shahghasi Shairdil Khan

and Khudainazar Khan. With the intention to stop Amir Shair Ali

Khan’s army, Sardar Abdul Rahman Khan left Kabul and took

Ghazni under seige. Shahghasi Shairdil Khan and Khudainazar

Khan demonstrated strong resistance and did not surrender

Ghazni.

When Amir’s army reached Ghazni, Sardar Abdul Rahman Khan

retrieved his troops and moved back to Sayed Abad 3. Shahghasi

Shairdil Khan always fought for Amir Shair Ali Khan. In the battle

of Sayed Abad (1865), Shahghasi Shairdil Khan’s brother,

Shahghasi Amir Jan, was killed4. Shahghasi Shairdil Khan,

himself, was wounded, captured by Sardar Abdul Rahman Khan

and taken to Kabul as a prisoner. When the Faranghis invited

Amir Shair Ali Khan to Anbala (1868), Shahghasi Shairdil Khan

and his son, Khoshdil Khan, were also accompanying Amir as his

delegates. Amir Shair Ali Khan returned to Kandahar after the

battle in Jaldak (10th of Muharram, 1282 H.Q (1865) ). He

suffered from mental illnesses for a while due to the death of

3 Farukh, Mehdi - Tarikh-e-Siyasi-e-Afghanistan, Pg 288 - 2nd Edition, 1992

4 Katib, Faiz Mohammad - Siraj 2 / Pg 131 - 1993 - Amir Jan must be referred to Amir

Mohammad Khan who’s father was Nazim Dost Mohammad Khan. See: Family tree on

Pg 59.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


his brother, Sardar Amin Jan, and son, Sardar Mohammad Ali

Jan. Once his health resumed back to normal, he concentrated

on civil and martial matters. He appointed Sardar Mohammad

Ibrahim, once governor of Kandahar, as governor of Kabul and

sent Shahghasi Shairdil Khan along with him. The author of

“Padshahan-e-Mota-akhir-e-Afghanistan” writes:

[Shahghasi Shairdil Khan was an experienced elder and an

influential member of Amir-e-Kabir… His sound knowledge of

deeds in the Royal Court was flattering and above all, he lacked

nothing in bravery and courage. 5]

It is said that Shahghasi Shairdil Khan was dissatisfied with

Sardar Mohammad Ibrahim Khan as he never listened to his

recommendations 6. He would call Shahghasi “ Fitna Angaiz-e-

Afghan-e- Kohi” 7. This conflict between them led to the

arrangements for Sardar Abdul Rahman Khan to come to Kabul

and deal with their issue. Although this was a disgrace for

Shairdil Khan, he had no other choice because Sardar

Mohammad Ibrahim Khan would not listen to anything he said.

Shahghasi decided to go to Kandahar in the midst of the very

5 Katib, Faiz Mohammad - Siraj 2 – Pg 197 - 1993



AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


cold winter to notify Amir Shair Ali Khan about the situations in

Kabul. He left his son, Shahghasi Khoshdil Khan in Kabul with

Sardar Mohammad Ibrahim Khan 8.

In the year 1873, Amir Shair Ali Khan appointed his son,

Shahzada Abdullah Jan, to Wali-Ahad (Crown Prince) and

ordered all governors throughout the country to celebrate this

appointment. Amir’s other son, Mohammad Yaqub Khan was

very upset about this appointment and did not attend the

celebration in Herat. Amir sent his most trusted elder of the

Royal Court, Shahghasi Shairdil Khan, to console Yaqub Khan

and bring him to Kabul. Shahghasi Shairdil did not succeed in

completing this task, instead, Mohammad Yaqub Khan asked for

further assurance from his father. Mohammad Yaqub Khan

surrendered to his father after a while and went to Kabul,

however, his father imprisoned him. This enraged his blood

brother, Sardar Mohammad Ayub Khan. Amir Shair Ali Khan

sent Shahghasi Shairdil Khan and some other trusted members

to Herat to keep an eye on Sardar Mohammad Auyb Khan’s

actions. Sardar Mohammad Ayub Khan arrested Shahghasi in

the Siyawoshan area of Herat, took him to Herat all chained up,

and then sent him to the area of Kohsan as a prisoner. After a

few battles with his father, Sardar Mohammad Ayub Khan

8 Khafi, Mirza Yaqub Ali - Padshahan-e-Mota-akhir-e-Afghanistan – Pg 217 - 2004

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


realized his lack of strength to continue and escaped to

Mashhad. After the flee of Sardar Mohammad Ayub Khan,

some of his followers wanted to kill Shahghasi while in prison

because Shahghasi knew everyone that supported Sardar

Mohammad Ayub khan and they were afraid that Shahghasi

might single them out in front of Amir. However, Mehdi Qali

Khan, who was known as Khan Aqa Jamshaidi, found out about

this plan and sent his brother along with seven hundred others

to save Shahghasi Shairdil Khan. They rescued Shahghasi out of

jail and took him to Kashk. From there and with the help of

locals in that area, they attacked Herat, took control of and

delivered the city to Amir’s Sepahsalaar, Husain Ali Khan, upon

his arrival. Shahghasi himself, was ordered to be taken to Kabul 9 . In 1874, Shahghasi Shairdil Khan was appointed as the

Hukumran (Sub-Governor) of the Northern provinces. He was

rewarded with the title Loynaab (Senior Governor) and his son

was given the title Kamkai Naab (Junior Governor).

Shahghasi Shairdil Khan Loynaab passed away prior to 1878 in Mazar-e -Sharif and was buried in the shrine of Shah-e-Wilayat Ma-ab Hazrat Ali.

9 Katib, Faiz Mohammad - Siraj 2 – Pg 195-196 - 1993

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Shahghasi Khoshdil Khan Loynaab

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Khoshdil Khan Loynaab 10 Khoshdil Khan was Loynaab Shairdil Khan’s son and was born around the year 1844. His father was Amir Shair Ali Khan’s Shahghasi and the stepbrother of Amir Habibullah Khan’s wife, Her Majesty. Khoshdil Khan’s mother, Sayera Jana, was Amir Dost Mohammad Khan’s daughter. Khoshdil Khan once served as the Waali of Turkistan. He was a member of the team that was chosen to escort a group of delegates from Kabul to Russia in 1878. When the unlucky ambassador of England, L. Cavagnari, was coming to Kabul, Khoshdil Khan was assigned to escort him as well. Loynaab Khoshdil Khan had accompanied Amir Shair Ali Khan’s

army in all the battles with Sardar Abdul Rahman Khan. In 1879,

Amir Shair Ali Khan went to Balkh, from Kabul. The objective of

his trip was to get the support of the Russian government in

fighting against the Faranghis. However, he passed away there

suffering the pain of his country. Prior to his death, his son,

Mohammad Ibrahim Khan went to Takhta-Pul to decoy the

army in that area. However, the army opposed and he went

towards Kabul through Hazarajat. This was the time when Amir

10 In 1874, Amir Shair Ali Khan gave the title of Loynab to Shahghasi Shairdil Khan and

Kamkainaab to his son, Khoshdil Khan (Habibi, Abdul Hai - Paishlik – Pg 201 - 1974).

The title Loynaab was given to Khoshdil Khan after his father’s death.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Shair Ali Khan had passed away in Mazar-e-Sharif (February 22,

1879 (Safar 29, 1296)). With his death, the whole area in the

north went into chaos. The army of Takhta-Pul looted Loynaab

Khoshdil Khan’s house and imprisoned him together with

Shahghasi Mohammad Shah Khan. However, Amir Mohammad

Yaqub Khan, after accession to his throne (March 1879 (Rabi-ul-

Sani 1296)), gave Loynaab Khoshdil Khan his duty back in Kabul 11. After a few months, Loynaab Khoshdil Khan befriended Ghazi

Sardar Mohammad Ayub Khan. When Ghazi Sardar declared

holy war with the Faranghis and left Herat to come to Kandahar,

Loynaab Shairdil Khan was with him and according to Ludwig

Adamec, he was considered second in command in the battle of

Maiwand 12. In this holy war, Ghazi Sardar was defeated in

Baba-Wali, Kandahar, by the strong Faranghi army on the 14th of

Ramadan 1297 H.Q (1880). He moved back to Herat, re-

organized his forces and headed back towards Kandahar with

his loyal soldiers. At this time, the Faranghis had handed

Kandahar over to Amir Abdul Rahman Khan. Prior to his

11 Farukh, Mehdi - Tarekh-e-Siyasi-e-Afghanistan – Pg 311 - 2nd Edition, 1992

12

Ludwig Adamec - Who is who in Afghanistan – Pg 180

Abdul Hai Habibi, Mir Ghulam Mohammad Ghobar & Yaqub Ali Khan Khafi have not

mentioned Shahghasi’s participation in the battle of Maiwand. Dr. Hassan Kakar, however, acknowledges Khoshdil Khan’s involvement in this battle but states that his

army retreated from the battle field. (See: A Political Diplomatic History of Afghanistan

1863-1901 – Pg 51 - 2006)

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


departure to Kandahar, Ghazi Sardar appointed his nephew,

Mosa Khan, who was Amir Mohammad Yaqub Khan’s son, to

the head of the government in Herat and left Loynaab Khoshdil

Khan as his deputy 13. Ghazi Sardar’s forces defeated Amir

Rahman Khan’s army, and Kandahar once again, was under

Ghazi Ayub Khan’s control. But this time, Amir Abdul Rahman

Khan himself, came to Kandahar with a well equipped army and

defeated Ghazi Sardar’s army near the old city of Kandahar.

After this battle, when Ghazi Sardar Ayub Khan once again,

headed towards Herat and then to Iran, Loynaab Khoshdil khan

was with him as well. They lived in Tehran. Alama Habibi writes

that after some time, as per the request of the Waali of

Maimana, Dilawar Khan, Ghazi Sardar made a secret trip from

Tehran to Mashhad, (Rabi-ul-Awal 10, 1301 (1884)). General

Parwez Khan, Loynaab Khoshdil Khan, Sardar Mohammad

Hashim Khan, Qazi Abdul Salam Khan, Abdullah Khan Nasar and

Ahmad Ali Khan were accompanying Ghazi Sardar in this trip as

well. But with the request of the Faranghi army, this group was

arrested by the government of Iran and kept under surveillance

in Quchaq 14. Loynaab Khoshdil Khan eventually, moved to India

with Ghazi Sardar. He stayed there until the end of July 1904. In

13 Farukh, Mehdi – Tarekh-e-Syasi-e-Afghanistan – Pg 389 – 2nd Edition, 1992

14

Habibi, Abdul Hai - Paishlik – Pg 207 - 1974

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August of the same year, he moved back to his country with his

five brothers and a large number of relatives. In Afghanistan,

this was Amir Habibullah Khan’s third year on the throne. During

the month of Eid-ul Qurban, Amir published a printed decree in

which he made a few appointments to better manage his

governmental matters. One of them was the appointment of

Loynaab Khoshdil Khan as Nayeb-ul-Hukuma (Governor) of

Kabul 15. Amir had also given him the title of Motamid-ul-Dawla.

Loynaab Khoshdil Khan was a special member of the council

who also served as an advisor to Amir Habibullah Khan. In 1916,

he was appointed as Waali of Kandahar. He served this duty

until the first year of Amir Amanullah Khan’s kingdom. In

February 1919 (Hamal 1298 SH), when Prime Minister Sardar

Abdul Qudus Khan Eitimad-ul-Dawla was appointed as the head

commander of Kandahar in the war for independence, he

removed Loynaab Khoshdil Khan from his duty upon his arrival.

Khoshdil Khan was one of the members of Dewan-e-Aali (High

Court Commission) which was created during the kingdom of

Nadar Khan, for the trial of Mohammad Wali Khan Darwazi and

Mahmood Sami 16.

15 Habibi, Abdul Hai - Paishlik – Pg 221 - 1974

16

Mohakama-e- Mohammad Wali Khan Wa Mahmood Sami, - Pg 26 – 2004

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Her Majesty Sarwar Sultana

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


1. Her Majesty Sarwar Sultana (Siraj-ul-Khawateen)

2. Sayera Begum (Siraj-ul-Banaat)

3. Safia Sultan (Samar-ul-Siraj)

4. Razia Sultan (Noor-ul-Siraj)

5. Safora Sultan (Qamar-ul-Banaat)

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Shahghasi Shairdil Khan’s daughters

Shahghasi Shairdil Khan had five daughters:

Tajawar Sultana (Koko Jana) was married to Sardar

Mohammad Ali Khan Mohammadzai. They had two sons;

Mohammad Yonus Khan (Previous Nayeb-ul-Hukuma of

Kandahar) and Mohammad Wali Jan.

Sarwar Sultana (Her Majesty) was the Queen of Amir

Habibullah Khan, Siraj-ul-Milat-e-Walidin, and the mother of

Amir Amanullah Khan 17. She had a significant influence on

Amanullah Khan becoming the King, as well as on the

appointing of the Barakzais in government positions. Her

Majesty knocked on many doors to gain support of the

17 Sarwar Sultana (Her Majesty) was born in 1877 = 1294 H.Q and was married to Sardar

Habibullah Khan (Later Amir Habibullah Khan) at the age of 15 (Habibi, Abdul Hai - Paishlik – Pg 212 - 1974 ). When Amir Habibullah Khan sat on his throne, in order to act

in accordance to the Hanafi Islamic law, he divorced his 4 wives; one of whom was the

daughter of Herat’s Nayab-ul-Hukuma Sa-ad-u-Din Khan Barakzai, the second was the daughter of Yusof Ali Khan Badakhshani, the third was the daughter of Malak Landi

Khan Mangal and the fourth was the daughter of Tajo khan Sakzai. He stayed married to

the other four wives: The first one was Sarwar Sultana, Amanullah Khan’s mother, the second one, her highness, was the daughter of Sardar Yusof Khan, the sister of

Mohammad Nadar Khan and the mother of Prince Asadullah Jan, (continued on next Pg)

(Continued) the third one, Sahib Jamal Khanum, was the daughter of Mohammad Usman Khan Safi, the mother of Prince Inayatullah Khan and the fourth one, Ulya-Rutba, was

the daughter of Amir Shair Ali Khan’s son, Mohammad Ibrahim Khan’s, daughter

(Farukh, Mehdi - Tarikh-e-Siyasi-e-Afghanistan – Pg 427 – 2nd Edition, 1992).

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


locals in Kandahar when her son, Amanullah Khan was be-

throned due to the Saqaw uprising. She met with all the

spiritual leaders of that time to gain their alliance in

recapturing Kabul. I, Hotak, have heard from my elders that

Her Majesty had visited the mosque of Omar Jan Sahebzada

and had asked him, personally, for assistance. Sahebzada

had made a trip to the Ghaljis’ region in support of Amir as

well.

Poullada has made references to the same issue in his book “Reforme & Rebellion in Afghanistan 1919-1929”. 18 On Pg 38, Major Wak Fraser had written a confidential letter to the Secretary of State of India, in which he had referred to Her Majesty as “The Interesting Eagle”19.

In May 1929, Her Majesty, along with her son, Amanullah Khan,

travelled to India and from there to Italy (June 1929). She stayed

in Europe, mostly in Rome with Amanullah Khan, until the end

of 1935. However, she sometimes traveled to Montreax,

18 See: Omar Jan Sahebzada – The writer’s unpublished text.

19

Major wak Fraser was an English officer who had assisted and escorted Amanullah

Khan and his supporters sail from India to Europe. Wak was an abbreviation for William

Archibald Kenneth that he was famous for. (Reform and Rebellion in Afghanistan 1919-

1929 – Leon B. Poullada – Pg 38 - 1973)

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Switzerland and Berlin, Germany as well. She later moved to

Istanbul where she passed away in 1965. 20

Sarwar Sultana, Her Majesty also had four daughters: Safora

(Qamar-ul-Banat) was married to Sepahsalar Shah Mahmood

Khan, Safia (Samar-ul-Siraj) was wedded to Marshal Shah Wali

Khan, Sayera Begum (Siraj-ul-Banat) had tied a knot with Ali

Ahmad Khan and Razia Jana was married to Sardar Hasan Jan 21.

- Bibi Hamdam: was engaged to Amir Shair Ali Khan’s son,

Prince Abdullah Jan (Wali-Ahad).

- Khawar Jana

- Zainab Jana

20 Ludwig Adamec - Who is who in Afghanistan – Pg 257

21

Sardar Hasan Jan was Amir Dost Mohammad Khan’s son.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Waali Ali Ahmad Khan

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Ali Ahmad Khan (Waali of Kabul)

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS



Ali Ahmad Khan was Loynaab Khoshdil Khan’s son, Loynaab

Shairdil Khan’s grandson and Mirdaad Khan’s great grandson

(Mirdaad Khan’s father and grandfather were Bazar Khan and

Yaseen Khan repectively). His mother was Amir Dost

Mohammad Khan’s daughter. Ali Ahmad Khan was born around

1883. According to Adamec, he had studied in Murree, India.

Pashto was his mother tongue but he also had extensive

knowledge of Farsi, English and Urdu. When Alama Mahmood

Tarzi started publishing his journal, Siraj-ul-Akhbar, he

appointed Ali Ahmad Khan as a Sar Nigaran (Chief Supervisor).

Ali Ahmad Khan had accompanied Sardar Inayatullah Khan on

his trip to India. In 1905, he was appointed as a local Shahghasi.

In 1907, he travelled to India with Amir Habibullah Khan and it is

said that when Amir was visiting Herat that same year, he was

also on that trip. In 1915, he was sent to Ningarhar to

investigate and learn about the involvement of Afghans in the

revolution of Momands and to ensure that Afghans did not

participate in the uprising. It is said that in February of 1919, he

was dismissed by Amir for falling behind in his duty.

After his father’s assassination and when Amir Amanullah Khan

announced his kingdom, Ali Ahmad Khan gave his allegiance to

Sardar Nasrullah Khan (who had also announced his sultanate in

Jalal-Abad) and delivered an impressive speech in the

congregation that was co-ordinated by Sardar Nasrullah Khan.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


It is said that Amir Amanullah Khan was very disappointed with

Ali Ahmad Khan about his speech. When Sardar Nasrullah Khan

gave up his sultanate and offered his allegiance to Amir

Amanullah Khan, Ali Ahmad Khan was arrested and imprisoned

by Amir Amanullah Khan’s soldiers. However, with Her Majesty,

Amir Amanullah Khan’s mother’s efforts, he was soon released

from his imprisonment and enrolled in the advisory board of the

Royal Court.

In June of 1919, Ali Ahmad Khan was chosen to be the head of

delegates appointed to meet with the Faranghis.

In August of the same year, Ali Ahmad became Wazir-e-Mulki (Interior Minister) and according to a rumour in Kabul, he had travelled from Kabul to Bukhara to have Amir Amanullah Khan married to the daughter of the Amir in that region.22However, in November of that same year, Ali Ahmad Khan returned back empty handed. After his arrival to Kabul, he got married to Amir Amanullah Khan’s sister. Thereafter, his friendship with Amir started to deteriorate. Amir kept him under house arrest and asked him to return the eleven hundred thousand Rupee loan that he owed the government. Rumour has it, that Ali Ahmad Khan suspected that General Ghulam Nabi had a big hand in the deterioration of his friendship with Amir, and because of this,

22 Ludwig Adamec - Who is who in Afghanistan – Pg 115.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


his relationship with the General got so bad that they almost got into a sword fight in the middle of a meeting. At the end of 1923, Ali Ahmad Khan was released from his house arrest and in the following year (1924), during the Mangal uprising, he was sent to Jalal-Abad as the coordination chairman (Tanzimia Ra-iss). There, he was able to organize and arrange an army, made up of Momands and Apraidis, to defeat the Mangal mutiny. His victory of defeating this uprising earned him the title of Taaj-ul-Afghan (Afghan Crown) after his return to Kabul, he was put in charge of the Kabul province as well. Waali Ali Ahmad Khan had accompanied Amir Amanullah Khan on his historic journey to Europe. Upon his return, he was left jobless and was un-employed until December of 1928. That same year, due to the uprising of Shinwaris, Amir sent him to that region as the head of the army. However, Amir was receiving information that Waali Ali Ahmad Khan was promoting his own kingdom with the tribal leaders of Ningarhar. Even though Ali Ahmad Khan tried to convince Amir Amanullah Khan that this was a strategic battle ruse, but Amir had lost his trust in him.

In January 1929 when Saqaw’s son, Habibullah Kalkani, took control of Kabul, Ali Ahmad Khan gathered Khoghiani and Ghalji tribes and attacked Kabul. However, he was defeated by the Saqawi army in Jaldalak and went to Kandahar through India. There, together with Amanullah Khan, he played an active role in the plan of re-capturing Kabul, however, he did not join the army that left Kandahar with intentions to seize Kabul. It is said

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


that his son, Noor Ahmad Jan, was martyred in this army somewhere close to Kalaat. We all know that this army had a successful progress all the way to Ghazni, however, due to the involvement of some secret colonial networks, Amir Amanullah Khan was not ready to continue his reign at the price of causing a civil war in his nation and therefore left the country on 4th of Jawza 1308 H.S (July 1929). In Kandahar, Waali Ali Ahmad Khan made several efforts to capture Kabul, however, this time he fell behind and got caught by the Saqawi soldiers. He was immediately sent to Kabul along with Mawlawi Abdul Wasai Kakar and Mullah Abdul Ahad Popalzai. In July 1929, they were all blown up with a cannon 23.

23 Dr. Khalilullah Wadadbarish, in his book “ Amir Habibullah Kalkani, Mardai Dar

Hariq-e-Tarikh” Pg 182-183 writes that according to Faiz Mohammad (Katib) when

Sepahsalar, Pardil, of the Saqawi army, was attacking Kandahar, Ali Ahmad Khan Lodin helped him in surrendering the city. Mr. Sistani , Academician Candidate, has noted Dr.

Khalilullah Wadadbarish’s point in his book “Alaama Mahmood Tarzi, Shah

Amanullah Wa Roohaniat Motanafiz” Pg 57. This point seems legitimate to me as well because Ahmad Ali Khan Lodin (Deceased in 1938) might have had a few objections

about the Amani government but since he shared the same view as Nadar Khan, it was

natural that he showed discontent regarding the Saqawi administration. During Amanullah Khan’s reign, he had served in the governments of Jalal-Abad and Kohistan.

He had also worked as Afghan ambassador in Berlin and China. His father and

grandfather (Abdul Wahid Khan Lodin and Mohammad Rafiq Khan Lodin repectively) were also prominent individuals of their time. Ali Ahmad Khan Lodin had served in

senior military and governmental positions of the Nadar Khan and Zahir Shah

administrations as well. It is obvious that the followers of the Saqawi government had no place in the Nadar Khan administration. I have heard from my elders (Conitued on next Pg)

(Continued) that a well known family in the Tookhi tribe had helped the Saqawi army in

opening the city doors of Kandahar, not Lodin.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Many historians have acknowledged the bravery, commitment and dedication of Waali Ali Ahmad Khan that he demonstrated during his execution. Ludwig Adamec and other historians state that he kissed the tip of the canon 24 that blew up his body into pieces moments later. Mir Ghulam Mohammad Ghubar writes: [When the shackled Waali was being passed through the bazaars of Kabul prior to being taken to his execution platform, he took firm steps with dignity and pride.] Iranian historian, Mehdi Farukh, writes: [Late Ali Ahmad Khan’s personality was that of a brave and a courageous man. He valued friendship and was an open-handed, generous and perceptive individual… At the time of his execution, he had said that: “I have never turned my back to the enemy, I would like to be executed facing the cannon”. The Saqawi Mirghazabaan(Pawns) did the very same thing and blew up the courageous and honourable Waali Ali Ahmad Khan with a cannon…… From the point of view of justice, Afghans should’ve declared the day of his execution a national mourning day for remembering his patriotic sacrifice for his country.… 25] These were words of a historian who’s book is full of Afghan fault-finding.

24 Ludwig Adamec - Who is who in Afghanistan – Pg 115

25

Mehdi Farukh, “Tarikh-e-Siyasi-e-Afghanistan – Pg 504 – 2nd Edition 1992

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Mr. Sistani, Academician Candidate, writes: [Waali Ali Ahmad Khan was a tall, well-built and handsome man. He had a wide forehead, long curly moustache, broad chest and strong fists. His good looks had gifted him with a grandeur that intimidated everyone. 26] In the royal decree that Nadar Khan had issued (Dalwa 1308 SH (1929)) regarding the trial of Mohammad Wali Khan and Mahmood Sami, it seemed that perhaps Habibullah Kalkani was pleased and satisfied with Waali Ali Ahmad Khan 27. I, Hotak, find this statement to be unacceptable and perceive it to be influenced by a family enmity.

26 Sistani – Alaama Mahmood Tarzi, Shah Amanullah Wa Roohaniat Motanafiz Pg – 504

– 2nd Edition 1992

27 Muhakama-e-Khayenin-e-Mili, Pg – 19, 2004 – This text was first published in 1930,

Kabul.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Shahghasi Atta-ullah Khan

Shahghasi Atta-ullah Khan was Mirdaad Khan Barakzai’s son and Loynaab Shairdil Khan’s brother. He was one of the closest associates of Amir Shair Ali Khan’s son, Shahzada Mohammad Yaqub Khan (Later Amir Yaqub Khan). When Amir Shair Ali Khan had left Shahzada Mohammad Yaqub Khan in charge of the government in Herat, Shahghasi Atta-ullah Khan was with him. It is said that the above-named Shahghasi had a big hand in provoking Shahzada Mohammad Yaqub Khan against his father. Shahzada Mohammad Yaqub Khan was opposed to his father’s decision in appointing Shahzada Abdullah Jan to Wali-Ahad. He revolted against his own father, Amir Shair Ali Khan. However, after a while he admitted defeat and surrendered. Amir forgave him on the condition that he must extradite Shahghasi Atta-ullah Khan, Sardar Shah Pasand Khan and Shahghasi Atta Mohammad Khan to Amir. Mohammad Yaqub Khan accepted his father’s offer and was sent back to Herat in charge of the government. As promised, he sent everyone accused to Kabul except Shahghasi Atta-ullah Khan 28. Most of Shahghasi Atta-ullah Khan’s children and grandchildren held prominent positions in the government. It is said that during Amir Habibullah Khan’s time in power, the reason why Mangals and Solaimankhails revolted was because

28 Farukh, Mehdi - Tarikh-e-Siyasi-e-Afghanistan – Pg 291- 2nd Edition, 1992

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Amir had left Shahghasi Atta-ullah Khan’s son, Mohammad Akbar Khan, in charge of the government in Khost. The general public were dissatisfied with his administration, hence, there was an uprising. Amir sent Mohammad Nadar Khan to calm the riot down, in which he succeeded and earned himself the title of Sepahsalaar.29

29 Farukh, Mehdi - Tarikh-e-Siyasi-e-Afghanistan – Pg 424 - 2nd Edition, 1992

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Shahghasi Mohammad Sarwar Khan (Baba)

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Shahghasi Mohammad Sarwar Khan (Baba)

Shahghasi Mohammad Sarwar Khan, Sardar-e-Aalla (Senior

General), was Shahghasi Atta-ullah Khan’s son 30 and Mirdaad

Khan’s grandson. During Amir Abdul-Rahman Khan’s time in

power, he served as the chairman of government industrial

units and held military rank of Sarhang (Major). Sometime

before that, he was the Waali of Turkistan, currently Mazar-e-

Sharif and Maimana. Later he was appointed as the Waali of

Kandahar. In 1926, he earned himself the Sardar-e-Aalla medal.

In 1928, he was allotted as the governor of Badakhshan and in

1930, he became the Waali of Kabul. He left his occupation in

1931 and completed the Holly pilgrimage to Mecca. After his

return, he was the a member of Majlis-e-Aayan (Senators

council) for a few years. He passed away in 1950.

30 Mehdi Farukh, in “Kursi Nishinaan-e-Kabul” Pg – 162 – 1st Edition - 1991, states that

Mohammad Sarwar Khan was Mohammad Sadiq Barakzai’s son. In the genealogy that I,

Hotak, have obtained from the decendants and family members of Shahghasi Shairdil

Khan, I did not find Mohammad Sadiq among Mir Dad Khan’s sons.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Mohammad Ibrahim Khan

Mohammad Ibrahim Khan was Nayeb-ul-Hukuma Mohammad Sarwar Khan’s son. He was Nayeb-ul-Saltana, Sardar Nasrullah Khan’s Faraashbashi 31. Amir Habibullah Khan had put him in charge of the leadership of Sawaran-e-Khasa . During the reign of Amir Amanullah Khan, he became Wazir-e-Adlia (Minister of Justice). He was also sent to serve in Turkistan for a while. He last served as the governor of Herat. When Amir Amanullah Khan was occupied trying to restore his reign, an uprising took place by the Herati soldiers in which Nayeb-ul-Hukuma Mohammad Ibrahim Khan and Nizami Qomandan Abdul Rahman were killed. A critic poet of Herat, Haji Mohammad Ismail-e-Siya has written an elegy about their killing and has condemned the activities of that time. 32

31 Faraashbashi (Chief of logistics)

32 Shair-e-Azad – Pg 182-183

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Wazir Abdul Aziz Khan

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Wazir Abdul Aziz Khan

Abdul Aziz Khan was Ma-azullah Khan’s son, Shahghasi Atta-ullah Khan’s grandson and Mirdaad Khan Barakzai’s great grandson. At the time of Amir Amanullah Khan’s reign, he was considered an important member of the Royal Court (Darbar). Amir’s mother, Her Majesty, respected him very much. Before Amir Amanullah Khan went on his European trip, he gave Abdul Aziz Khan the responsibility of Wizarat-e-Harbiya (Defence Ministry) in addition to his regular duty as Wazir-e-Dakhila (Interior Minister). Abdul Aziz Khan was an important member of Dewan-e-Hirb, a group appointed in Paktiya for the trial of those who provoked mutiny. The Late Ghubar has explained in detail, the activities of this group and the process of their sentencing 33. In 1927, Abdul Aziz Khan was appointed as the army chief of staff. At the time of Saqawi uprising when Amir Amanullah Khan made a trip to Kandahar, he was also with him. When Amir, along with the Kandahari army, headed back to Kabul with the intention to take control of the capital, he appointed Abdul Aziz Khan, in place of Abdul Karim Khan 34, as the Waali of Kandahar.

33 Ghubar, Ghulam Mohd - Afghanistan Dar Masir-e-Tarikh, Pg – 817 - 1st Edition -

1987

34 Abdul Karim Khan was the son of Qazi-ul-Qazaat (Chief of justice) Sa-ad-u-Din khan

Barakzai. The Olomi family members in Kandahar are his decendant.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


With the leadership of Pardal Khan, he did not resist against the Saqawi army in Kandahar as needed. Instead, he fled to British India via Balochistan where, he re-united with Amanullah Khan. When Amir moved to Italy, Abdul Aziz Khan stayed in India and sometimes later, moved back to his country. In 1955, he participated in the Loya Jirga 35. Abdul Aziz Khan died in 1960.

35

This Loya Jirga was held about the issue of Pashtonistan and was administered by

Wazir Mohammad Gul Khan Momand.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Abdul Hakim Khan

Abdul Hakim Khan was Ma-az-ullah Khan’s son and Wazir Abdul

Aziz Khan’s brother. During Amanullah Khan’s time in power, he

was Hakim-e-Aalla of Jonobi (Current Paktya & Paktika).

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Shahghasi Mahmood Khan Yawar

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Shahghasi Mahmood Khan Yawar

Shahghasi Mahmood Khan Yawar (Senior Bodyguard) was Shahghasi Mohammad Shah Khan’s son, Shahghasi Amir Mohammad Khan’s grandson and Mirdaad Khan Barakzai’s great grandson. Amir Amanullah Khan’s wife and Shahghasi Mahmood Yawar’s wife were sisters. At the beginning of Amir Amanullah Khan’s reign, he served as Amir’s Shahghasi and later he was appointed as Amir’s Yawar, hence, the word Yawar has always accompanied his name. When Amir Amanullah Khan went on his official trip to Europe, he appointed Mahmood Yawar in charge of the government in Kabul 36. Upon his return from Europe (July 1928) and being under the influence of European civilization, he paid a great deal of attention to building structures as well as other urban developments. With the guidance of a German engineer, Hartle, he set the foundation of Dar-ul-Aman Palace in the southern part of Kabul and assigned the responsibility of its construction and supervision to Shahghasi Mahmood Khan Yawar. While completing this task, he was criticised several times but since he had the full support of Amir Amanullah Khan, these criticisms weren’t taken seriously. Mahmood Yawar was imprisoned during the Saqawi era (1929) but was released shortly and assigned back to duty. The Late

36 Farukh, Mehdi – Kursi Nishinaan-e-Kabul - Pg 95 – 1st Edition - 1991, Footnotes

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Ghubar writes that on 6th of Shab-aan 1347 H.Q (19th of January 1929), a statement was issued in Kabul about Amanullah Khan’s Khal-a & Tafkir (Dethronement & Infidelity) which was signed by many high ranked officials, including Mahmood Khan Yawar 37. He was imprisoned again during the reign of Nadar Khan but was released when Mohammad Zahir Shah inherited the throne, however, he was kept under house arrest in Kabul until his bereavement. He passed away in 1971.

37 Ghubar, Ghulam Mohd - Afghanistan Dar Masir-e-Takikh, Pg 827 - 1st Edition - 1987

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


1. Mohammad Yosuf Shairdil

2. Haji Abdul Samad

3. Mohmad Afzal Shairdil

4. Mohammad Arif

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


1. Mohammad Afzal Shairdil

2. His Majesty, Mohammad Zahir Shah

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Mohammad Afzal Shairdil

Mohammad Afzal Shairdil (Mayor of Kandahar) was Mohammad Akram Khan’s son and Shahghasi Loynaab Shairdil Khan’s grandson. He was born on the 8th of Zul-Hajja, 1331 H.Q (1913). He started his governmental duties in Kabul. When Nayeb-ul-Hukuma Mohammad Yunus Khan was appointed as the Waali of Kandahar (1946), Mohammad Afzal was allotted as deputy assistant in the municipal office. The construction of the cinema in Kandahar was completed during his time in office. He later served as director general of constructions in Kandahar and when Abdul Ghani Khan Gardezi was the Nayeb-ul-Hukuma of Kandahar (1950), he started serving as the Mayor of Kandahar. He also worked as the president of Kandahar Marastoon. Among his everlasting services and accomplishments, the construction of Baagh-e-Pul on the Arghandaab river shore is worth mentioning. Mohammad Afzal was imprisoned during the first tragedy of Sawar (Communist Coup D’etat) as well. On Oct 14, 1988 he passed away in Kabul and was buried by the shrine of Hazrat-e-Jabeer Ansar (May God have mercy on him). The late Mohammad Afzal Shairdil had seven sons and five daughters remaining that can be found in the upcoming genealogy charts. His older son, Mohammad Yusof Khan Shairdil is currently residing in Toronto, Canada, who, in preperation of this book, has shared his family photos as well as information regarding his ancestors with me. I am very grateful for his support.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Genealogy

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Yaseen Khan (Omar Khanzai Barakzai)

Resident of Ma-aroof Kandahar

Gulzaar Khan Bazar Khan

Lahori Rahimdaad Mawladaad Mirdaad Karimdaad Begum Khan Khan Khan Khan

(See next page) Shami Saidal Khan Khan

Totia Tol Mhd Akbar Mhd Alam Mhd Azam Gula Khan Khan Khan

Bulbulai Sardaro Kamal Sarfraaz Pardil Khan Khan Khan

Ghulam Mahyaa-u-Din (1) Mohd Akbar Khan (2) Khan

_______________________________________________

1- Also known as Abo-Lala. During Amir Shair Ali Khan’s reign, he was the Hakim of Maimana.

2- During the reign of Amir Habibullah Khan, he was Nayab-ul-Hukuma of Qataghan.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Yaseen Khan

Bazaar Khan

Mirdaad Khan

2nd Wife (Popalzai) 1st Wife Amir Mohd Yar Mohd Shair Shairdil Khan Atta-u-llah Khan Khan Mohd (Shahghasi) Khan Khan (See next page) (Shahghasi) (See next Pg) (See next Pg) Shah Sawar 3 Daughters Khan (3)

(1) Five Habibullah Fateh Mohd Taj Mohd Mohd Akram Khan Daughters Khan Khan Khan (Mokarami Lala) (2) Six Taj Mohd Gado Daughters Khan Khan

_______________________________________________

1- Zarkan Bibi, Sultan Bibi, Hijran Bibi, Sardar Bibi, Husn Bibi. 2- Bibi Gulano, Lal Bibi, Naz Bibi, Bakhtawara, Murado, Taj Bibi. 3- Balos Bibi, Khosh Bibi, Babo Bibi.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Yaseen Khan

Bazaar Khan

Mirdaad Khan

Atta-ullah Khan (Shahghasi)

Mawladaad Mohd Akbar Ma-az-ullah Dilawar Shair Ali Mohd Sarwar Khan Khan (1) Khan Khan Khan Khan (Shahghasi) (Baba)

Abdul Abdul Mohd Amin Hakim Aziz Khan Khan (3) Khan (2) Shahghasi Mohd Ibrahim Khan (4)

(5) Two Abdul Abdul Daughters Qadar Rahman Khan Khan

_______________________________________________

1- He was Naeb-ul-Hukuma of Qataghan. 2- See Pg 41 for detail. 3- During Amanullah Khan’s reign, he was Hakim of Jonobi. 4- During Amanullah Khan’s reign, he was Wazir-e-Adlia (Minister of Justice). 5- Shah Jahana, Khadija

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Shahghasi Shairdil Khan

Daughters Sultan Ali Sikandar Mohd Alam Mohd Akram Koshdil

(3) Khan Khan Khan (1) Khan Khan (2) Gov. of (Loynaab)

Mohd Farah Mohd Ali Omar Mohd Khan Khan (4) Yusof

Gov. of Khan (5) Kandahar Rabia (6) Mohd Ayub Mohd Aslam (10) Four Noor Khan Khan Daughters Ali Zubaida Mohd Karim

Khan

Mohd Mohd Is-haaq Usman Zarin Ali Ahmad

Amir Jana (7) Khan Begum Waali (See next Pg)

Four (11) Nazar Mohd Faiz Mohd Daugthers Khan Sikandar Khan (8) (Ghund Mashar) Naik Mohd Saleh Mohd Khan (9) Khan Nazim

(Footnotes on next page)

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


_____________________________________________

1- He was the governor of Logar. I suspect that Pul-e-Alam (Alam Bridge) in Logar is named after him, however, this is just a thought. Mohammad Alam Khan had 2 daughters named Amina and Zulaikha.

2- His mother was named Saira, nick-named Babo and was Amir Dost Mohammad Khan’s daughter.

3- For detailed information about Shairdil’s daughters, refer to pg 23. 4- He was a Colonel of His Majesty Zahir Shah. 5- On 27th of Sha-aban, 1297 H.Q, he was martyred in by the British in Noorzo

Shah Burj of Kandahar. 6- She was Abdul Aziz Khan’s wife. 7- Her nickname was Babo Gul and was Zahir Shah’s queen, Malika Humaira’s

mother. Malika Humaira’s father was Sardar Ahmad Shah Khan. 8- During the Republic Government of Mohammad Daoud Khan, he was the

Minister of Health. 9- During Amanullah Khan’s reign, he was Firqa Mashar. 10- Sajida, Zahra, Shamsi, Khadija 11- Mahbooba, Roh-Afza, Habiba, Shah-Bahan.

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS



2nd wife 1st wife Sayera Begum (Siraj-ul-Banaat) Wazir Begum (Shah Bobo) Amir Habibullah Khan’s Sardar Taj Mohd Khan’s

Daughter Daughter

Tahira (1) Sultan Ahmad Jan

Habib Jan Ali Jan

Yasamin Noor Jana Faqir Noor Ahmad Ahmad (3) Rabia Fazal Ali Mohd Ghulam Ahmad Ahmad (2) Barak Wali Ahmad (Sanak)

Nooria Ahmad Nisar Mokhtar Zia Jan Shah Ahmad Adila Bashir Ahmad Shair Ahmad Noor Ahmad

Ahmad Ghaws Marium Ahmad Zikria Mohd Ashraf Nabila Nahil

_______________________________________________

1- Abdul Hai Khan’s (Planning Minister during Zahir Shah’s reign) wife. 2- Deputy Assistant of the Zahir Shahi Court. Deceased and buried in Virginia,Washington. 3- Martyred in Kalaat during a battle with Bacha-e-Saqaw.

Mohammad Akram Khan (1)

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


(Loynaab Shairdal Khan’s son)

Sabo Jan Mohd Afzal Haji Abdul Mohd Azam Khan Shairdil Samad Khan (3) Khan (2) Mayor of Kandahar (4) Ghulam Wahid-ullah Abdul Haidar Ahad Masooda Makai Shair Timor Mohd Mohd Shah Shah Aref Yusof (5) Bilkees Shahla Alia Humanyon Ahmad Mohd Shah(6) Shah Asef (7) Sitara Mohd Ashraf Khatera Siraj Ali Jan Mirwais Khalid Amaad-ullah Zohra Roya Mozhda Mohd Masood Mohd Daoud Habib Jan Mohd Ehsan Farah Mohd Idris

_______________________________________________

1- Deceased in 1925 and buried in the shrine of Sofi Saheb in Kandahar. 2- Deceased in Hamal of 1332 H.S (1953) and buried in Shah Shaheed cemetery in Kabul. 3- Deceased and buried in Peshawar. 4- Deceased in Kabul (Oct 14,1988) and buried close to the shrine of Hazrat-e- Jabir Ansar

(May God have mercy on him). 5- See page 50. 6- Deceased (May 31,1996) and buried in Virginia, Washington. 7- Deceased in Kandahar (Sunbula 8,1358 H.S = 1979) and buried in the shrine of Sofi

Saheb.

Shahghasi Amir Mohammad Khan

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


(Mirdaad Khan’s son)

Mohd Hashim Mohd Shah Khwaja Mohd Dost Mohd Khan Khan Khan Khan Nazim Zulaikha Fatema Marium Mohd Mohd Usman Sadiq Ahmad Shah Abdul Mohd Khan Ra-is Ghafoor Khan Azim Khan (Next Pg) Mahmood Abdul Khan Yawar Habib Khan (Next Pg) Shahghasi Noor Bibi Amir Mohd (1) Five Abdul Samad Abdul Rauf Daughters Khan Khan Abdul Wahab Abdul Rashid Khan Khan Four Mohd Mohd Mohd Ghulam Abdul Daughters (2) Sadiq Qasim Hashim Jailani Qudus

_______________________________________________

1- Maliha Jan, Gulsom Jan, Sahiba Jan, Kishwar Jan, Sayera Jan 2- Hajira Jan, Karima Jan, Saliha Jan, Rahila Jan.

Mirdaad Khan

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Amir Mohammad Khan

Mohammad Shah khan

Ahmad Shah Khan Yawar Mahmood Ra-is Khan Qudratullah Shah Mohd Hafizullah Abdul Mabud Khan Khan Khan Khan Naimatullah Shair Aqa Aminullah Azizullah Five Ahmad Ghulam Ghulam Dil Shair Daughters * Ali Qader Dastagir Agha Dil

_______________________________________________

* 1- Jamila: Married to Ma-in Mohammad Afzal Khan Nasiri 2- Alia: Married to Ma-in Nasiri`s son, Aslam Jan 3- Saleha 4- Sharifa 5- Atam Gul

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Nayeb-Salaar

Nazim Dost Mohammad Khan

Shahghasi

Ghulam Jailani Khan

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Glossary Amir: King Apraidi: A Pashtun tribe Barakzai: A Pashtun tribe Darbar: Royal Court Dewan-e-Aalla: High Court Commision Eitimad-ul-Dawla: A tile Faranghis: British Firaashbashi: Chief of logistics Furqa Mashar: General Ghalji: A Pashtun tribe Ghazi: Holly Warior Ghund Mashar: Lieutenant Colonel Hakim-e-Aala: Sub-Governor, Ruler Hakim: Sub-Governor, Ruler Hukumraan: Sub-Governor, Ruler Kamkainaab: Junior Goveernor Khoghiani: A Pashtun tribe Lodin: A Pashtun tribe Loynaab: Senior Governor Majlis-e-Aayan: Senetors Council Mangal: A Pashtun tribe Momand: A Pashtun tribe Mirghazabaan: Pawns, Puppets Motamid-ul-Dawla: A tile Nayab-ul-Hukuma: Governor Nayeb-ul-Sultana: Viceroy Nizami Qumandaan: Army commander Noor-ul-Siraj: A Title given to Princess Razia Sultan Popalzai: A Pashtun tribe Qamar-ul-Banaat: A Title given to Princess Safora Sultan Qazi-ulQazaat: Chief of justice

AFGHAN SHAHGHASIS


Qomandan: Commander Sadozai: A Pashtun tribe Samar-ul-Siraj: A Title given to Princess Safia Sultan Sardar: General Sardar-e Aallaa: Senior General Sarhang: Major Sar Nigaran: Chief Supervisors Sawaraan-e-Khasa: Special horse-men, Special forces Sepahsalaar: Leading Commander Shahghasi: Minister of the Royal Court (Derived from a Turkish word and is often used in the old texts as Eishak Aqasi.) Shahzada: Prince Shinwari: A Pashtun tribe Siraj-ul-Khawateen: A Title given to Her Majesty Sarwar Sultana Siraj-ul-Banaat: A Title given to Princess Sara Sultan Siraj-ul-Milat-ul-Walidin: A Title given to His Majesty Amir Habibullah Khan Solaimankhail: A Pashtun tribe Taaj-ul-Afghan: Afghan Crown Tanzimia Ra-is: Coordination Chairman Tookhi: A Pashtun tribe Waali: Governor Wazir: Minister Wazir-e-Adlia: Minister of Justice Wazir-e-Dakhila: Interior Minister Wazir-e-Mulki: Interior Minister Yawar: Senior body guard

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