PCS-9611 X Instruction Manual en Overseas General X R1.01 (en DYBH5301.0086.0002)
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Transcript of PCS-9611 X Instruction Manual en Overseas General X R1.01 (en DYBH5301.0086.0002)
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PCS-9611
Feeder Relay
Instruction Manual
NR Electric Co., Ltd.
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Preface
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay IDate: 2011-08-29
Preface
Introduction
This guide and the relevant operating or service manual documentation for the equipment provide full information on safe handling, commissioning and testing of this equipment.
Documentation for equipment ordered from NR Electric Co., Ltd. is dispatched separately from manufactured goods and may not be received at the same time. Therefore this guide is provided to ensure that printed information normally present on equipment is fully understood by the recipient.
Before carrying out any work on the equipment, the user should be familiar with the contents of this manual and read relevant chapters carefully.
This chapter describes the safety precautions recommended when using the equipment. Before installing and using the equipment, this chapter must be thoroughly read and understood.
Health and Safety
The information in this chapter of the equipment documentation is intended to ensure that equipment is properly installed and handled in order to maintain it in a safe condition.
When electrical equipment is in operation, dangerous voltages will be present in certain parts of the equipment. Failure to observe warning notices, incorrect use, or improper use may endanger personnel and equipment and cause personal injury or physical damage.
Before working in the terminal strip area, the equipment must be isolated.
Proper and safe operation of the equipment depends on appropriate shipping and handling, proper storage, installation and commissioning, and on careful operation, maintenance and servicing. For this reason only qualified personnel may work on or operate the equipment.
Qualified personnel are individuals who:
z Are familiar with the installation, commissioning, and operation of the equipment and of the system to which it is being connected;
z Are able to safely perform switching operations in accordance with accepted safety engineering practices and are authorized to energize and de-energize equipment and to isolate, ground, and label it;
z Are trained in the care and use of safety apparatus in accordance with safety engineering practices;
z Are trained in emergency procedures (first aid).
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Preface
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay II Date: 2011-08-29
Instructions and Warnings
The following indicators and standard definitions are used:
DANGER means that death, severe personal injury, or considerable equipment damage will occur if safety precautions are disregarded.
WARNING means that death, severe personal, or considerable equipment damage could occur if safety precautions are disregarded.
CAUTION means that light personal injury or equipment damage may occur if safety precautions are disregarded. This particularly applies to damage to the device and to resulting damage of the protected equipment.
WARNING!
The firmware may be upgraded to add new features or enhance/modify existing features, please make sure that the version of this manual is compatible with the product in your hand.
WARNING!
During operation of electrical equipment, certain parts of these devices are under high voltage. Severe personal injury or significant equipment damage could result from improper behavior.
Only qualified personnel should work on this equipment or in the vicinity of this equipment. These personnel must be familiar with all warnings and service procedures described in this manual, as well as safety regulations.
In particular, the general facility and safety regulations for work with high-voltage equipment must be observed. Noncompliance may result in death, injury, or significant equipment damage.
DANGER!
Never allow the current transformer (CT) secondary circuit connected to this equipment to be opened while the primary system is live. Opening the CT circuit will produce a dangerously high voltage.
WARNING!
z Exposed terminals Do not touch the exposed terminals of this equipment while the power is on, as the high voltage generated is dangerous.
z Residual voltage Hazardous voltage can be present in the DC circuit just after switching off the power supply. It takes a few seconds for the voltage to discharge.
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Preface
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay IIIDate: 2011-08-29
CAUTION!
z Earthing The earthing terminal of the equipment must be securely earthed.
z Operating environment The equipment must only be used within the range of ambient environment detailed in the specification and in an environment free of abnormal vibration.
z Ratings Before applying AC voltage and current or the power supply to the equipment, check that they conform to the equipment ratings.
z Printed circuit board Do not attach and remove printed circuit boards when the power supply to the equipment is on, as this may cause the equipment to malfunction.
z External circuit When connecting the output contacts of the equipment to an external circuit, carefully check the supply voltage used in order to prevent the connected circuit from overheating.
z Connection cable Carefully handle the connection cable without applying excessive force.
Typographic and Graphical Conventions
The following symbols are used in drawings:
Input signal of a function block, such as a logic setting, a blocking signal or a analog comparator signal etc.
Input inversion signal of a function block, such as a logic setting, a blocking signal or a analog comparator signal etc.
AND gate: all the input signals are 1, then the output is 1
OR gate: anyone the input signals is 1, then the output is 1
RS flipflop (static memory): setting input (S), resetting input (R), output (Q) and inverted output (Q)
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Preface
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay IV Date: 2011-08-29
Timer: pickup with delay t, dropout without delay
Timer: pickup without delay, dropout with delay t
Timer: pickup with delay t1, dropout with delay t2
Junction (connection point)
Copyright
Version: 1.01
P/N: EN_DYBH5301.0086.0002
Copyright NR 2011. All rights reserved
NR ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
69 Suyuan Avenue. Jiangning, Nanjing 211102, China
Tel: +86-25-87178185, Fax: +86-25-87178208
Website: www.nrelect.com, www.nari-relays.com
Email: [email protected]
We reserve all rights to this document and to the information contained herein. Improper use in particular reproduction and dissemination to third parties is strictly forbidden except where expressly authorized. The information in this manual is carefully checked periodically, and necessary corrections will be included in future editions. If nevertheless any errors are detected, suggestions for correction or improvement are greatly appreciated. We reserve the rights to make technical improvements without notice.
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Preface
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay VDate: 2011-08-29
Documentation Structure
The manual provides a functional and technical description of this relay and a comprehensive set of instructions for the relays use and application.
The chapter contents are summarized as below:
1 Introduction
Briefly introduce the application, functions and features about this relay.
2 Technical Data
Introduce the technical data about this relay, such as electrical specifications, mechanical specifications, ambient temperature and humidity range, communication port parameters, type tests, setting ranges and accuracy limits and the certifications that our products have passed.
3 Operation Theory
Introduce a comprehensive and detailed functional description of all protective elements.
4 Supervision
Introduce the automatic self-supervision function of this relay.
5 Management Function
Introduce the management functions (such as metering, control and recording etc.) of this relay.
6 Hardware
Introduce the main function carried out by each module of this relay and providing the definition of pins of each module.
7 Settings
List of all the settings and their ranges and step sizes, together with a brief explanation of each setting and some notes about the setting application.
8 Human Machine Interface
Introduce the hardware of the human machine interface (HMI) module and a detailed guide for the user how to use this relay through the HMI. It also lists all the information which can be view through the HMI, such as settings, measurements, all kinds of reports etc.
9 Configurable Function
Introduce the configurable function (such as protection function configuration, LED configuration, binary input configuration and binary output configuration etc.) of this relay.
10 Communication
Introduce the communication port and protocol which this relay can support, the IEC60870-5-103, IEC61850 and DNP3.0 protocols are introduced in details.
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Preface
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay VI Date: 2011-08-29
11 Installation
Introduce the recommendations on unpacking, handling, inspection and storage of this relay. A guide to the mechanical and electrical installation of this relay is also provided, incorporating earthing recommendations. A typical wiring connection to this relay is indicated.
12 Commissioning
Introduce how to commission this relay, comprising checks on the calibration and functionality of this relay.
13 Maintenance
A general maintenance policy for this relay is outlined.
14 Decommissioning and Disposal
A general decommissioning and disposal policy for this relay is outlined.
15 Manual Version History
List the instruction manual version and the modification history records.
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1 Introduction
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 1-aDate: 2011-08-29
1 Introduction
Table of Contents
1.1 Application........................................................................................................1-1
1.2 Functions ..........................................................................................................1-1
1.3 Features ............................................................................................................1-3
List of Figures
Figure 1.1-1 Functional diagram of PCS-9611 ........................................................................ 1-1
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1 Introduction
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 1-b Date: 2011-08-29
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1 Introduction
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 1-1Date: 2011-08-29
1.1 Application
The PCS-9611 relay is a protection, control and monitoring unit for various primary equipments (such as overhead line, underground cable and transformer etc.) on solidly grounded, impedance grounded, Peterson coil grounded and ungrounded system. This relay is suitable for wall surface mounted indoors or outdoors or flush mounted into a control panel.
This relay can sample the analog values from the traditional instrument transformers, or receive the sampled values from the electronic current and voltage transformers (via a merging unit). The binary inputs and outputs of this relay can be configured according to the demands of a practical engineering through the PCS-PC configuration tool auxiliary software, which can meet some special requirements of protection and control functions.
This relay can fully support the IEC61850 communication protocol and GOOSE function, and can completely meet the demands of a modern digitalized substation.
The function diagram of this relay is shown in Figure 1.1-1.
Figure 1.1-1 Functional diagram of PCS-9611
1.2 Functions
The functions of this relay include protective functions, management functions and auxiliary testing functions, and the functions of this relay are listed in the following tables.
z Protective functions
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1 Introduction
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 1-2 Date: 2011-08-29
Protective Functions
50P Instantaneous overcurrent protection
51P Time overcurrent protection
67P Directional overcurrent protection
50G Instantaneous zero sequence overcurrent protection
51G Time zero sequence overcurrent protection
67G Directional zero sequence overcurrent protection
51SG Sensitive earth fault protection
67SG Directional sensitive earth fault protection
27 Undervoltage protection
59 Overvoltage protection
47 Negative sequence overvoltage protection
59G Zero sequence overvoltage protection
49 Thermal overload protection
46 Negative sequence overcurrent protection
46BC Broken conductor protection
81U Under-frequency protection
81O Over-frequency protection
81R Frequency rate-of-change protection
50BF Breaker failure Protection
79 Three-pole auto-recloser (Up to 4 shots)
25 Synchronism check function
SOTF Switch onto fault logic
MR Mechanical protection
AI Analog inputs
Voltage and current drift auto adjustment
Self supervision
VTS Voltage transformer supervision
CTS Current transformer supervision
Binary inputs
Binary outputs
z Management functions Management Functions
Metering
Circuit breaker status monitoring
2 Circuit breaker control
TCS Tripping circuit supervision
Multiple setting groups
Control inputs
64 Protection operation reports
1024 Supervision alarm records
1024 Control operation records
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1 Introduction
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 1-3Date: 2011-08-29
1024 User operation records
FDR 64 Fault and disturbance records
SOE
1024 latest SOE records, latest records of the following elements
state changing: operating abnormality alarm elements, supervision
alarm elements, protection elements and binary input elements.
Rear communication ports: Ethernet, RS-485, Printer port
Time synchronization port: RS-485
z Auxiliary testing functions Auxiliary Testing Functions
Virtual tripping report generation and communication testing
Virtual self-supervision report generation and communication testing
Virtual binary input state change report generation and communication testing
Virtual metering values generation and communication testing
1.3 Features
z This device is based on a 32-bit high performance dual-core processor, internal high speed bus and intelligent I/O ports, and the hardware is in module design and can be configured flexibly, featuring interchangeability and easy extension and maintenance.
z Modularized hardware design makes this relay be easily upgraded or repaired by a qualified service person. Various function optional modules can satisfy various situations according to the different requirements of the users.
z The adoption of 16-bit A/D converter and the dual-channel sampling technology can ensure the accuracy and reliability of protection sampling and the correctness of protection operation. It is also provides dedicated current transformers for metering, and ensures the high accuracy of telemetering with 48-point high speed sampling rate per cycle.
z This device can sample the analog values from the traditional instrument transformers, or receive the sampled values from the electronic transformers. It can support the protocol IEC60044-8, IEC61850-9-2 and GOOSE.
z Various algorithms for protection and measurement have been completed in this device for the feature of electronic transformer sampling, such as the error prevention method of multi-algorithms data anomaly for the digital channels, to realize high accuracy and reliability under various conditions of network faults or communication interruption.
z This device has powerful GOOSE functions, and the connection and cooperation between some devices can be realized without using electrical cables, to facilitate the realization of such functions as simple bus differential protection, overload interlock shedding function and backup automatic transfer function etc.
z This device has fully realized the technology to integrate six functions into one device: protection, measurement, control, remote signaling, merging unit function and remote module
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1 Introduction
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 1-4 Date: 2011-08-29
functions, to improve the reliability.
z Various methods of GPS time synchronization are supported in this relay, including SNTP, IEEE1588 (V2), pulse per second (PPS) and IRIG-B synchronization.
z The protection modules are completely separated from other modules, and are independent in both hardware and software. The protection functions do not depend on the communication network, so the failure of communication network will not affect the normal operation of the protection functions.
z Mature protection configuration, fast speed and high security performance can meet the practical requirements. Each protective element is independent, so it is very convenient for whether adopting the selected protective element.
z This device constantly measures and calculates a large amount of analog quantities, such as phase voltage, phase-to-phase voltage, neutral voltage, phase current, neutral current, active power, reactive power, power factor and frequency etc.
z The human machine interface (HMI) with a small control module (a 240128-dot LCD, a 9-key keypad and 20 LED indicators) on the front panel is very friendly and convenient to the user.
z This device can communicate with a SAS or RTU via different communication intermediates: Ethernet network, RS-485 serial ports. The communication protocol of this device is optional: IEC61850, IEC60870-5-103 or DNP3.0.
z This device can detect the tripping circuit of the circuit breaker and monitor the operation (close or trip) time of a circuit breaker by checking the auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker.
z Complete event recording function is provided: 64 latest protection operation reports, 1024 latest supervision records, 1024 latest control operation records, 1024 latest user operation records and 1024 latest records of time tagged sequence of event (SOE) can be recorded.
z Powerful fault and disturbance recording function is supported: 64 latest fault or disturbance waves, the duration of a wave recording is configurable.
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-aDate: 2011-08-29
2 Technical Data
Table of Contents
2.1 General Specification.......................................................................................2-1
2.1.1 Electrical Specifications ..................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1.2 Mechanical Specifications.................................................................................................. 2-2
2.1.3 Ambient Temperature and Humidity ................................................................................... 2-2
2.1.4 Communication Interfaces ................................................................................................. 2-3
2.1.5 Type Test ........................................................................................................................... 2-4
2.2 Protective Functions........................................................................................2-6
2.2.1 Overcurrent Protection....................................................................................................... 2-6
2.2.2 Voltage Control Element .................................................................................................... 2-6
2.2.3 Phase Directional Element................................................................................................. 2-6
2.2.4 IDMT Overcurrent Protection ............................................................................................. 2-6
2.2.5 Zero Sequence Overcurrent Protection ............................................................................. 2-6
2.2.6 Zero Sequence Directional Element .................................................................................. 2-7
2.2.7 Zero Sequence IDMT Overcurrent Protection.................................................................... 2-7
2.2.8 Sensitive Earth Fault Protection......................................................................................... 2-7
2.2.9 Sensitive Earth Fault Directional Element.......................................................................... 2-7
2.2.10 Sensitive Earth Fault IDMT Protection ............................................................................. 2-8
2.2.11 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection..................................................................... 2-8
2.2.12 Thermal Overload Protection ........................................................................................... 2-8
2.2.13 Undervoltage Protection .................................................................................................. 2-8
2.2.14 Overvoltage Protection .................................................................................................... 2-9
2.2.15 Zero Sequence Overvoltage Protection ........................................................................... 2-9
2.2.16 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Protection .................................................................... 2-9
2.2.17 Frequency Protection....................................................................................................... 2-9
2.2.18 Frequency Rate-of-change Protection ........................................................................... 2-10
2.2.19 SOTF Overcurrent Protection ........................................................................................ 2-10
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-b Date: 2011-08-29
2.2.20 Zero Sequence SOTF Overcurrent Protection ...............................................................2-10
2.2.21 Breaker Failure Protection..............................................................................................2-10
2.2.22 Broken Conductor Protection ......................................................................................... 2-11
2.3 Management Functions................................................................................. 2-11
2.3.1 Metering Scope and Accuracy.......................................................................................... 2-11
2.3.2 Control Performance ........................................................................................................ 2-11
2.3.3 Clock Performance...........................................................................................................2-12
2.3.4 Fault and Disturbance Recording .....................................................................................2-12
2.3.5 Binary Input Signal ...........................................................................................................2-12
2.3.6 Transient Overreach.........................................................................................................2-12
2.4 Certification.................................................................................................... 2-12
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-1Date: 2011-08-29
2.1 General Specification
2.1.1 Electrical Specifications
2.1.1.1 Power Supply
Standard IEC60255-11: 2008
Rated voltage 110/125Vdc, 220/250Vdc, 220Vac
Variation 80% ~ 120%
Permissible ripple voltage Max 15% of the rated voltage (DC power supply)
Traditional AC inputs < 10W @ Quiescent condition; < 15W @ Operating condition Burden
Digital AC inputs < 15W @ Quiescent condition; < 20W @ Operating condition
2.1.1.2 Analog Current Input Ratings
Phase rotation ABC
Rated frequency (fn) 50Hz, 60Hz
Nominal range fn 5Hz
Application object For protection For metering
Rated current (In) 1A 5A 1A 5A
Linear to 30In 30In 2In 2In
continuously 3In 3In 2In 2In
for 10s 30In 30In 12In 12In
for 1s 100In 100In 30In 30In
Thermal
withstand
capability for half a cycle 250In 250In 75In 75In
Burden (@ In) < 0.10VA/phase < 0.20VA/phase < 0.20VA/phase < 0.40VA/phase
2.1.1.3 Analog Voltage Input Ratings
Phase rotation ABC
Rated frequency (fn) 50Hz, 60Hz
Nominal range fn 5Hz
Rated voltage (Un) 100V ~ 130V (phase-to-phase voltage)
Linear to 130V
continuously 130V
10s 200V
Thermal
withstand
capability 1s 250V
Burden < 0.10VA / phase
2.1.1.4 Binary Input
Binary input number Up to 38
Rated voltage 24V 48V 110V 125V 220V 250V
Rated current 1.20mA 2.40mA 1.10mA 1.25mA 2.20mA 2.50mA
Pickup voltage 55% ~ 70% rated voltage
Dropout voltage 55% rated voltage
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-2 Date: 2011-08-29
Maximum permitted voltage 120% rated voltage
High voltage withstand 2000Vac, 2800Vdc
Resolving time for logic input < 1ms
2.1.1.5 Binary Output
Item Tripping output Signal output
Binary output number Up to 25 Up to 10
Output model Potential-free contact Potential-free contact
Max system voltage 380Vac, 250Vdc 380Vac, 250Vdc
Voltage across open contact 1000V RMS for 1min 1200V RMS for 1min
Continuous carry 5.0A @ 380Vac; 5.0A @ 250Vdc 8.0A @ 380Vac; 8.0A @ 250Vdc
Short duration current 6A for 3000ms; 15A for 500ms 10A for 3000ms; 20A for 500ms
Breaking capacity
0.6A @ 48Vdc, L/R=40ms
0.1A @ 110Vdc, L/R=40ms
0.05A @ 220Vdc, L/R=40ms
0.6A @ 48Vdc, L/R=40ms
0.3A @ 110Vdc, L/R=40ms
0.2A @ 220Vdc, L/R=40ms
Pickup time < 8ms < 10ms
Dropout time < 5ms < 8ms
Bounce time 1ms 1ms
loaded contact 100,000 operations minimum 100,000 operations minimum Durability
unloaded contact 10,000,000 operations minimum 10,000,000 operations minimum
2.1.2 Mechanical Specifications
Enclosure dimensions 225.00177.00224.80 (WHD, unit: mm)
Trepanning dimensions 226.00178.00, M5 screw (WH, unit: mm)
Mounting way Flush mounted
Weight per device Approx. 7.0kg (fully equipped)
Local control panel Small control module: a 240128-dot LCD, a 9-key keypad and 20 LEDs
Display language Optional: Chinese, English
Housing material Aluminum
Housing color Silver grey
Location of terminals Rear panel of the device
Protection class IEC60225-1: 2009
Front side: IP40, up to IP51
Rear side, connection terminals: IP20
Other Sides: IP30
2.1.3 Ambient Temperature and Humidity
Standard IEC60225-1: 2009
Operating temperature range -40C ~ +70C
Transport and storage temperature range -40C ~ +70C
Permissible humidity 5% ~ 95%, condensation not permissible
Altitude < 3000m
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-3Date: 2011-08-29
2.1.4 Communication Interfaces
2.1.4.1 Ethernet Port for RTU/SCADA
Medium Parameters
Port number 2 or 4
Connector type RJ-45
Transmission rate 100Mbits/s
Transmission standard 100Base-TX
Transmission distance < 100m
Protocol IEC60870-5-103:1997 or IEC61850
Electrical
Safety level Isolation to ELV level
Port number 2
Connector type SC
Transmission rate 100Mbits/s
Transmission standard 100Base-FX
Optical fiber type Multi-mode
Wavelength 1300nm
Transmission distance < 1500m
Ethernet
Optical
Protocol IEC60870-5-103:1997 or IEC61850
2.1.4.2 Serial Port for RTU/SCADA
Medium Parameters
Port number 0 or 2
Baud rate 4800 ~ 115200bps
Transmission distance < 1000m @ 4800bps
Maximal capacity 32
Protocol IEC60870-5-103:1997 or DNP3.0
RS-485 (EIA)
Safety level Isolation to ELV level
2.1.4.3 Serial Port for Printer
Medium Parameters
Port number 1
Baud rate 4800 ~ 115200bps
Printer type EPSON LQ-300K RS-232 (EIA)
Safety level Isolation to ELV level
2.1.4.4 Serial Port for Time Synchronization
Medium Parameters
Port number 1
Transmission distance < 500m
Maximal capacity 32
Timing standard PPS, IRIG-B
RS-485 (EIA)
Safety level Isolation to ELV level
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-4 Date: 2011-08-29
2.1.4.5 Ethernet Port for Debugging
Medium Parameters
Port number 1
Connector type RJ-45
Transmission rate 100Mbits/s
Transmission standard 100Base-TX
Transmission distance < 100m
Electrical Ethernet
(in front panel)
Safety level Isolation to ELV level
2.1.4.6 Process Level Interface
Medium Parameters
Optical fiber material Glass fiber
Optical fiber type Multi-mode
Connector type LC ST
Wavelength 1310nm 820nm
Transmission distance < 2000m
Minimum transmission power -20dBm
Optical Ethernet
Reception sensitivity -30dBm
2.1.5 Type Test
2.1.5.1 Environmental Tests
Dry cold test IEC60068-2-1: 2007, 16h at -25C
Dry heat test IEC60068-2-2: 2007, 16h at +55C
Damp heat test IEC60068-2-78: 2001, 10 days, 93%RH, +55C
Cyclic temperature with
humidity test
IEC60068-2-30: 2005, six (12+12hours) cycles, 95%RH,
low temperature +25C, high temperature +55C
2.1.5.2 Electrical Tests
Dielectric test IEC60255-27: 2005, test voltage: 2kV, 50Hz, 1min
Impulse voltage test IEC60255-5: 2000, test voltage: 5kV, unipolar impulses, waveform 1.2/50s,
source energy 0.5J
Overvoltage category IEC60255-5: 2000, Class III
Insulation measurement IEC60255-5: 2000, insulation resistance >100M @ 500Vdc
Pollution degree IEC60225-1: 2009, Class II
2.1.5.3 Electromagnetic Compatibility
1MHz burst disturbance tests
- Common mode
- Differential mode
IEC60255-22-1: 2007, Class III
2.5kV
1.0kV
Electrostatic discharge tests
- For contact discharge
- For air discharge
IEC60255-22-2: 2008, Class IV
8.0kV
15.0kV
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-5Date: 2011-08-29
Radio frequency interference tests
- Frequency sweep
- Radiated amplitude-modulated
- Spot frequency
- Radiated amplitude-modulated
- Radiated pulse-modulated
IEC60255-22-3: 2007, Class III
10V/m(RMS), f=801000MHz
10Vm(RMS), f=80/160/450/900MHz
10Vm(RMS), f=900MHz
Fast transient disturbance tests
- Power supply, I/O & Earth terminals
- Communication terminals
IEC60255-22-4: 2008, Class IV
4kV, 2.5kHz, 5/50ns
2kV, 5.0kHz, 5/50ns
Surge immunity tests
- Power supply, AC inputs, I/O terminals
IEC60255-22-5: 2008, Class IV
1.2/50us,
4kV, line-to-ground
2kV, line-to-line
Conducted RF electromagnetic disturbance
- Power supply, AC, I/O, Comm. terminals
IEC60255-22-6: 2001, Class III
10V(RMS), 150kHz~80MHz
Power frequency field immunity IEC60255-22-7: 2003, Class A
10s
300V, line-to-ground
150V, line-to-line
Conducted emission limits IEC60255-25: 2000, Class A
Radiated emission limits IEC60255-25: 2000, Class A
Auxiliary power supply performance
- Voltage dips
- Voltage short interruptions
IEC60255-11: 2008
Up to 500ms for dips to 40% of rated voltage
without reset
100ms for interruption without rebooting
Power frequency magnetic field immunity IEC61000-4-8: 2001, Class V
100A/m for 1min
1000A/m for 3s
Pulse magnetic field immunity IEC61000-4-9: 2001, Class V
6.4/16us, 1000A/m for 3s
Damped oscillatory magnetic field immunity IEC61000-4-10: 2001, Class V
100kHz & 1MHz 100A/m
Ring wave immunity
- Power supply, I/O terminals
IEC61000-4-12: 2006, Class III
1MHz
2kV, line-to-ground
1kV, line-to-line
2.1.5.4 Mechanical Tests
Vibration test IEC60255-21-1:1988, Class I
Shock test IEC60255-21-2:1988, Class I
Bump test IEC60255-21-2:1988, Class I
Seismic test IEC60255-21-3:1988, Class I
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-6 Date: 2011-08-29
2.2 Protective Functions
2.2.1 Overcurrent Protection
Current setting 0.05In ~ 30.0In
Pickup current 1.00Setting
Dropout current 0.95Setting
Tolerance of current setting 2.5% Setting or 0.01In, whichever is greater
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 35ms
Dropout time 35ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 35ms
2.2.2 Voltage Control Element
Negative overvoltage element setting 2.00V ~ 70.00V
Undervoltage element setting 2.00V ~ 120.00V
Tolerance of voltage setting 2.5% Setting or 0.10V, whichever is greater
Operating time 35ms
2.2.3 Phase Directional Element
Directionality Optional: Forward, Reverse
Characteristic angle Configurable: -180~179, step is 1
Boundary and angle accuracy 3
Block logic Permission or block selectable by setting
Operating time 35ms
2.2.4 IDMT Overcurrent Protection
Current threshold setting 0.05In ~ 4.0In
Pickup current 1.00Setting
Dropout current 0.95Setting
Tolerance of current threshold setting 2.5% Setting or 0.01In, whichever is greater
Time multiplier setting 0.05 ~ 100.00
Pickup time 35ms
Dropout time 35ms
Tolerance of trip time for 1.2 < I/Ip < 30 5% of reference (calculated) value + 2.5% current
tolerance or 35ms, whichever is greater
2.2.5 Zero Sequence Overcurrent Protection
Current setting 0.05In ~ 30.0In
Pickup current 1.00Setting
Dropout current 0.95Setting
Tolerance of current setting 2.5% Setting or 0.01In, whichever is greater
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-7Date: 2011-08-29
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 35ms
Dropout time 35ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 35ms
2.2.6 Zero Sequence Directional Element
Directionality Optional: Forward, Reverse
Characteristic angle Configurable: -180~179, step is 1
Boundary and angle accuracy 3
Block logic Permission or block selectable by setting
Operating time 35ms
2.2.7 Zero Sequence IDMT Overcurrent Protection
Current threshold setting 0.05In ~ 4.0In
Pickup current 1.00Setting
Dropout current 0.95Setting
Tolerance of current threshold setting 2.5% Setting or 0.01In, whichever is greater
Time multiplier setting 0.05 ~ 100.00
Pickup time 35ms
Dropout time 35ms
Tolerance of trip time for 1.2 < I/Ip < 30 5% of reference (calculated) value + 2.5% current
tolerance or 35ms, whichever is greater
2.2.8 Sensitive Earth Fault Protection
Current setting 0.005A ~ 0.400A, dedicated CT
Pickup current 1.00Setting
Dropout current 0.95Setting
Tolerance of current setting 1.5% Setting or 1mA, whichever is greater
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 35ms
Dropout time 35ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 35ms
2.2.9 Sensitive Earth Fault Directional Element
Directionality Optional: Forward, Reverse
Characteristic angle Configurable: -180~179, step is 1
Boundary and angle accuracy 3
Block logic Permission or block selectable by setting
Operating time 35ms
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-8 Date: 2011-08-29
2.2.10 Sensitive Earth Fault IDMT Protection
Current threshold setting 0.005A ~ 0.400A, dedicated CT
Pickup current 1.00Setting
Dropout current 0.95Setting
Tolerance of current threshold setting 1.5% Setting or 1mA, whichever is greater
Time multiplier setting 0.05 ~ 100.00
Pickup time 35ms
Dropout time 35ms
Tolerance of trip time for 1.2 < I/Ip < 30 5% of reference (calculated) value + 1.5% current
tolerance or 35ms, whichever is greater
2.2.11 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection
Current setting 0.05In ~ 4.0In
Pickup current 1.00Setting
Dropout current 0.95Setting
Tolerance of current setting 2.5% Setting or 0.01In, whichever is greater
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 50ms
Dropout time 50ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 50ms
2.2.12 Thermal Overload Protection
Reference current setting 0.05In ~ 3.0In
Pickup current 1.00Setting
Dropout current 0.98Setting
Tolerance of reference current setting 2.5% Setting or 0.01In, whichever is greater
Time constant setting 0.01s ~ 6000.00s
Pickup time 35ms
Dropout time 35ms
Tolerance of trip time for 1.2 < I/(kIb) < 20 5% of reference (calculated) value + 2.5% current
tolerance or 35ms, whichever is greater
2.2.13 Undervoltage Protection
Voltage setting 2.00V ~ 120.00V
Pickup voltage 1.00Setting
Dropout voltage Configurable: 1.03Setting ~ 3.00Setting
Tolerance of voltage setting 2.5% Setting or 0.10V, whichever is greater
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 80ms
Dropout time 80ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 80ms
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-9Date: 2011-08-29
2.2.14 Overvoltage Protection
Voltage setting 57.70V ~ 200.00V
Pickup voltage 1.00Setting
Dropout voltage Configurable: 0.93Setting ~ 0.97Setting
Tolerance of voltage setting 2.5% Setting or 0.10V, whichever is greater
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 50ms
Dropout time 50ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 50ms
2.2.15 Zero Sequence Overvoltage Protection
Voltage setting 2.00V ~ 160.00V
Pickup voltage 1.00Setting
Dropout voltage 0.95Setting
Tolerance of voltage setting 2.5% or 0.10V, whichever is greater
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 50ms
Dropout time 50ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 50ms
2.2.16 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Protection
Voltage setting 2.00V ~ 120.00V
Pickup voltage 1.00Setting
Dropout voltage 0.95Setting
Tolerance of voltage setting 2.5% or 0.10V, whichever is greater
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 50ms
Dropout time 50ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 50ms
2.2.17 Frequency Protection
Under-frequency setting 45.00Hz ~ 60.00Hz
Over-frequency setting 50.00Hz ~ 65.00Hz
Pickup frequency 1.00Setting
Dropout frequency 1.00Setting
Tolerance of frequency setting 0.01Hz
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 50ms
Dropout time 50ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 50ms
Blocking element
Undervoltage blocking setting 10.00V ~ 120.00V
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-10 Date: 2011-08-29
Operating time 35ms
Tolerance of undervoltage blocking setting 2.5% Setting or 0.10V, whichever is greater
2.2.18 Frequency Rate-of-change Protection
Frequency Rate-of-change setting -10.00Hz/s ~ 10.00Hz/s
Pickup frequency rate-of-change 1.00Setting
Dropout frequency rate-of-change 1.00Setting
Tolerance of frequency rate-of-change setting 0.20Hz/s
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 50ms
Dropout time 50ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 50ms
2.2.19 SOTF Overcurrent Protection
Current setting 0.05In ~ 30.0In
Pickup current 1.00Setting
Dropout current 0.97Setting
Tolerance of current setting 2.5% Setting or 0.01In, whichever is greater
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 35ms
Dropout time 35ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 35ms
2.2.20 Zero Sequence SOTF Overcurrent Protection
Current setting 0.05In ~ 30.0In
Pickup current 1.00Setting
Dropout current 0.97Setting
Tolerance of current setting 2.5% Setting or 0.01In, whichever is greater
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 35ms
Dropout time 35ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 35ms
2.2.21 Breaker Failure Protection
Current setting 0.05In ~ 5.0In
Pickup current 1.00Setting
Dropout current 0.90Setting
Tolerance of current setting 2.5% Setting or 0.01In, whichever is greater
Time setting 0.00s ~ 100.00s
Pickup time 35ms
Dropout time 35ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 35ms
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-11Date: 2011-08-29
2.2.22 Broken Conductor Protection
I2/I1 Ratio setting 0.10 ~ 1.00
Pickup ratio 1.00Setting
Dropout ratio 0.95Setting
Tolerance of current setting 2.5% Setting
Time setting 0.00s ~ 200.00s
Pickup time 70ms
Dropout time 70ms
Tolerance of time setting 1% Setting + 70ms
2.3 Management Functions
2.3.1 Metering Scope and Accuracy
Metering Item Range Accuracy
Phase range 0 ~ 360 0.5% or 1
Frequency 35.00Hz ~ 70.00Hz 0.01Hz
Currents from dedicated metering current transformers
Current 0.05 ~ 1.40In 0.2% of reading
Voltage 0.05 ~ 1.40Un 0.5% of reading
Active power (W) 0.20 ~ 1.40Un, 0.05 ~ 1.40In 0.5% of reading at unity power factor
Reactive Power (Vars) 0.20 ~ 1.40Un, 0.05 ~ 1.40In 0.5% of reading at zero power factor
Apparent Power (VA) 0.20 ~ 1.40Un, 0.05 ~ 1.40In 0.5% of reading
Energy (Wh) 0.20 ~ 1.40Un, 0.05 ~ 1.40In 0.5% of reading at unity power factor
Energy (Varh) 0.20 ~ 1.40Un, 0.05 ~ 1.40In 0.5% of reading at zero power factor
Currents from protection measurement current transformers
Current 0.05 ~ 1.40In 2.0% of reading
Voltage 0.05 ~ 1.40Un 0.5% of reading
Active power (W) 0.20 ~ 1.40Un, 0.05 ~ 1.40In 3.0% of reading at unity power factor
Reactive Power (Vars) 0.20 ~ 1.40Un, 0.05 ~ 1.40In 3.0% of reading at zero power factor
Apparent Power (VA) 0.20 ~ 1.40Un, 0.05 ~ 1.40In 3.0% of reading
Energy (Wh) 0.20 ~ 1.40Un, 0.05 ~ 1.40In 3.0% of reading at unity power factor
Energy (Varh) 0.20 ~ 1.40Un, 0.05 ~ 1.40In 3.0% of reading at zero power factor
2.3.2 Control Performance
Control mode Local or remote
Accuracy of local control 1s
Accuracy of remote control 3s
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2 Technical Data
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 2-12 Date: 2011-08-29
2.3.3 Clock Performance
Real time clock accuracy 3s/day
Accuracy of GPS synchronization 1ms
External time synchronization IRIG-B (200-98), PPS, IEEE1588 or SNTP protocol
2.3.4 Fault and Disturbance Recording
Magnitude and relative phases 2.5% of applied quantities
Maximum duration 10000 sampled points (24 sampled points per cycle)
Recording position 5 cycles before pickup of trigger element
2.3.5 Binary Input Signal
Resolution of binary input signal 1ms
Binary input mode Potential-free contact
Resolution of SOE 2ms
2.3.6 Transient Overreach
Transient overreach (DC offset) 5% for X/R 100
2.4 Certification
z ISO9001: 2000 z ISO14001: 2004 z OHSAS18001: 1999 z ISO10012: 2003 z CMMI L4 z EMC: 89/336/EEC, EN50263: 2000 z Products safety(PS): 73/23/EEC, EN61010-1: 2001, EN60950: 2002
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3 Operation Theory
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-aDate: 2011-08-29
3 Operation Theory
Table of Contents
3.1 Overview ...........................................................................................................3-1
3.2 Fault Detectors .................................................................................................3-1
3.3 Overcurrent Protection ....................................................................................3-4
3.3.1 Definite Time Overcurrent Protection................................................................................. 3-4
3.3.2 Inverse Definite Minimum Time Overcurrent Protection..................................................... 3-6
3.3.3 Voltage Control Element for Overcurrent Protection .......................................................... 3-8
3.3.4 Directional Element for Overcurrent Protection.................................................................. 3-9
3.3.5 Harmonic Blocking Element for Overcurrent Protection....................................................3-11
3.3.6 Overcurrent Protection Settings....................................................................................... 3-12
3.4 Thermal Overload Protection ........................................................................3-14
3.4.1 Thermal Overload Protection Theory ............................................................................... 3-14
3.4.2 Thermal Overload Protection Settings ............................................................................. 3-16
3.5 Zero Sequence Overcurrent Protection........................................................3-16
3.5.1 Definite Time Zero Sequence Overcurrent Protection ..................................................... 3-16
3.5.2 IDMT Zero Sequence Overcurrent Protection.................................................................. 3-18
3.5.3 Directional Element for Zero Sequence Overcurrent Protection ...................................... 3-19
3.5.4 Harmonic Blocking Element for ROC Protection.............................................................. 3-20
3.5.5 Zero Sequence Overcurrent Protection Settings ............................................................. 3-21
3.6 Sensitive Earth Fault Protection ...................................................................3-24
3.6.1 Definite Time Sensitive Earth Fault Protection................................................................. 3-24
3.6.2 IDMT Sensitive Earth Fault Protection ............................................................................. 3-25
3.6.3 Directional Element for Sensitive Earth Fault Protection ................................................. 3-26
3.6.4 Sensitive Earth Fault Protection Settings......................................................................... 3-27
3.7 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection ................................................3-28
3.7.1 Definite Time Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection............................................... 3-28
3.7.2 IDMT Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection........................................................... 3-29
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3 Operation Theory
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-b Date: 2011-08-29
3.7.3 Negative Sequence Overcurrent Protection Settings .......................................................3-30
3.8 Broken Conductor Protection....................................................................... 3-31
3.8.1 Broken Conductor Protection Theory ...............................................................................3-31
3.8.2 Broken Conductor Protection Settings..............................................................................3-31
3.9 Breaker Failure Protection ............................................................................ 3-32
3.9.1 Breaker Failure Protection Theory....................................................................................3-32
3.9.2 Breaker Failure Protection Settings ..................................................................................3-34
3.10 Switch Onto Fault (SOTF) Protection......................................................... 3-34
3.10.1 SOTF Protection Theory.................................................................................................3-34
3.10.2 SOTF Protection Settings...............................................................................................3-36
3.11 Cold Load Pickup Logic .............................................................................. 3-36
3.11.1 Cold Load Pickup Logic Theory ......................................................................................3-36
3.11.2 Cold Load Pickup Logic Settings ....................................................................................3-37
3.12 Undervoltage Protection ............................................................................. 3-39
3.12.1 Undervoltage Protection Theory .....................................................................................3-39
3.12.2 Undervoltage Protection Settings ...................................................................................3-40
3.13 Overvoltage Protection ............................................................................... 3-41
3.13.1 Overvoltage Protection Theory .......................................................................................3-41
3.13.2 Overvoltage Protection Settings .....................................................................................3-42
3.14 Zero Sequence Overvoltage Protection..................................................... 3-43
3.14.1 Zero Sequence Overvoltage Protection Theory..............................................................3-43
3.14.2 Zero Sequence Overvoltage Protection Settings............................................................3-44
3.15 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Protection.............................................. 3-44
3.15.1 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Protection Theory.......................................................3-44
3.15.2 Negative Sequence Overvoltage Protection Settings .....................................................3-45
3.16 Frequency Protection .................................................................................. 3-45
3.16.1 Under-frequency Protection............................................................................................3-46
3.16.2 Over-frequency Protection..............................................................................................3-46
3.16.3 Frequency Rate-of-change Protection............................................................................3-47
3.16.4 Frequency Protection Settings .......................................................................................3-48
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3 Operation Theory
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-cDate: 2011-08-29
3.17 Auto-recloser ................................................................................................3-51
3.17.1 Auto-recloser Theory...................................................................................................... 3-51
3.17.2 Auto-recloser Ready Conditions .................................................................................... 3-53
3.17.3 Auto-recloser Startup Condition ..................................................................................... 3-54
3.17.4 Auto-recloser Check Mode............................................................................................. 3-55
3.17.5 Auto-recloser Blocking Logic.......................................................................................... 3-57
3.17.6 Auto-recloser Settings.................................................................................................... 3-57
3.18 Manual Closing Function.............................................................................3-59
3.18.1 Manual Closing Theory .................................................................................................. 3-59
3.18.2 Check Mode for Manual Closing Function ..................................................................... 3-60
3.18.3 Manual Closing Function Settings ................................................................................. 3-62
3.19 Mechanical Protection .................................................................................3-63
3.19.1 Mechanical Protection Theory ....................................................................................... 3-63
3.19.2 Mechanical Protection Settings...................................................................................... 3-63
List of Figures
Figure 3.3-1 Demonstration characteristic of the overcurrent protection ........................... 3-5
Figure 3.3-2 Logic diagram of the stage 1 overcurrent protection....................................... 3-5
Figure 3.3-3 Logic diagram of the stage 4 overcurrent protection....................................... 3-7
Figure 3.3-4 Logic diagram of the OC1 phase A voltage control element ........................... 3-9
Figure 3.3-5 Operation characteristic of the OC directional element................................. 3-10
Figure 3.3-6 Logic diagram of the OC1 phase A directional element ................................. 3-10
Figure 3.3-7 Logic diagram of the OC1 phase A harmonic blocking element ....................3-11
Figure 3.4-1 Characteristic curve of the thermal overload model ...................................... 3-15
Figure 3.4-2 Logic diagram of the thermal overload protection ......................................... 3-15
Figure 3.5-1 Logic diagram of the No.1 zero sequence overcurrent protection................ 3-17
Figure 3.5-2 Logic diagram of the No.1 zero sequence IDMT overcurrent protection...... 3-18
Figure 3.5-3 Operation characteristic of the ROC directional element .............................. 3-19
Figure 3.5-4 Logic diagram of the directional element for the No.1 ROC1 protection...... 3-20
Figure 3.5-5 Logic diagram of the No.1 ROC1 harmonic blocking element....................... 3-20
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3 Operation Theory
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-d Date: 2011-08-29
Figure 3.6-1 Logic diagram for the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection ......................3-25
Figure 3.6-2 Logic diagram of the IDMT sensitive earth fault protection ...........................3-25
Figure 3.6-3 Operation characteristic of the SEF directional element ................................3-26
Figure 3.6-4 Logic diagram of the directional element for the stage 1 SEF protection.....3-27
Figure 3.7-1 Logical diagram of the stage 1 NOC protection...............................................3-29
Figure 3.7-2 Logic diagram of the IDMT negative sequence overcurrent protection ........3-30
Figure 3.8-1 Logic diagram of the broken conductor protection ........................................3-31
Figure 3.9-1 Logic diagram of the breaker failure protection ..............................................3-33
Figure 3.9-2 Timing for a typical breaker failure scenario ...................................................3-33
Figure 3.10-1 Logic diagram of the SOTF protection ...........................................................3-35
Figure 3.11-1 Logic diagram of the cold load pickup function ............................................3-37
Figure 3.12-1 Logic diagram of the system lost voltage for the UV1 protection................3-39
Figure 3.12-2 Logic diagram of the stage 1 undervoltage protection .................................3-40
Figure 3.13-1 Logic diagram of the stage 1 overvoltage protection ...................................3-42
Figure 3.14-1 Logic diagram of the stage 1 ROV protection................................................3-43
Figure 3.15-1 Logic diagram of the NOV protection.............................................................3-45
Figure 3.16-1 Logic diagram of the stage 1 under-frequency protection ...........................3-46
Figure 3.16-2 Logic diagram of the stage 1 over-frequency protection..............................3-47
Figure 3.16-3 Logic diagram of the stage 1 frequency rate-of-change protection.............3-47
Figure 3.17-1 Timing diagram for a successful second reclosing ......................................3-52
Figure 3.17-2 Timing diagram for an unsuccessful one-shot reclosing .............................3-52
Figure 3.17-3 Logic diagram of the auto-recloser ................................................................3-53
Figure 3.17-4 Logic diagram of the auto-recloser ready conditions...................................3-54
Figure 3.17-5 Logic diagram of the synchronism check element for AR ...........................3-55
Figure 3.17-6 Logic diagram of the dead check element for AR .........................................3-56
Figure 3.18-1 Logic diagram of the manual closing function ..............................................3-59
Figure 3.18-2 Logic diagram of the synchronism check element for manual closing.......3-60
Figure 3.18-3 Logic diagram of the dead check element for manual closing ....................3-61
Figure 3.19-1 Logic diagram of the No.1 mechanical protection ........................................3-63
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3 Operation Theory
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-1Date: 2011-08-29
3.1 Overview
The PCS-9611 relay is a microprocessor based relay which can provide mature protection for various primary equipments (such as overhead line, underground cable and transformer etc.). The following sections detail the individual protection functions of this relay.
NOTE! In each functional element, the signal input [XXXX.En1] is used for inputting the
enabling signals; and the signal input [XXXX.Blk] is used for inputting the blocking signals. The XXXX is the name code of the functional element (such as 50/51P1, 49, 50/51G2 etc.). They can be configured through PCS-PC configuration tool auxiliary software. If the signal input [XXXX.En1] is not used, its default value is 1; and if the signal input [XXXX.Blk] is not used, its default value is 0.
3.2 Fault Detectors
The fault detector will operate if any of the following conditions is satisfied.
1. The startup conditions of the auto-recloser are satisfied if the auto-recloser is enabled and ready for operating.
2. Any one of the phase currents is in excess of the setting of the stage 1 overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 1 overcurrent protection is enabled.
3. Any one of the phase currents is in excess of the setting of the stage 2 overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 2 overcurrent protection is enabled.
4. Any one of the phase currents is in excess of the setting of the stage 3 overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 3 overcurrent protection is enabled.
5. Any one of the phase currents is in excess of the setting of the stage 4 overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 4 overcurrent protection is enabled.
6. The No.1 zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 1 of the No.1 zero sequence overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 1 of the No.1 zero sequence overcurrent protection is enabled.
7. The No.1 zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 2 of the No.1 zero sequence overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 2 of the No.1 zero sequence overcurrent protection is enabled.
8. The No.1 zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 3 of the No.1 zero sequence overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 1 of the No.3 zero sequence overcurrent protection is enabled.
9. The No.1 zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 4 of the No.1 zero sequence overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 1 of the No.4 zero sequence overcurrent protection is enabled.
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3 Operation Theory
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-2 Date: 2011-08-29
10. The No.2 zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 1 of the No.2 zero sequence overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 1 of the No.2 zero sequence overcurrent protection is enabled.
11. The No.2 zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 2 of the No.2 zero sequence overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 2 of the No.2 zero sequence overcurrent protection is enabled.
12. The No.2 zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 3 of the No.2 zero sequence overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 3 of the No.2 zero sequence overcurrent protection is enabled.
13. The No.2 zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 4 of the No.2 zero sequence overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 4 of the No.2 zero sequence overcurrent protection is enabled.
14. The negative sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 1 negative sequence overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 1 negative sequence overcurrent protection is enabled.
15. The negative sequence current is in excess of the setting of the stage 2 negative sequence overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 2 negative sequence overcurrent protection is enabled.
16. The sensitive earth fault current is in excess of the current setting of the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 1 sensitive earth fault protection is enabled.
17. The sensitive earth fault current is in excess of the current setting of the stage 2 sensitive earth fault protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 2 sensitive earth fault protection is enabled.
18. The sensitive earth fault current is in excess of the current setting of the stage 3 sensitive earth fault protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 3 sensitive earth fault protection is enabled.
19. The sensitive earth fault current is in excess of the current setting of the stage 4 sensitive earth fault protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 4 sensitive earth fault protection is enabled.
20. Any one of the phase currents is in excess of the setting of the SOTF overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.97 if the SOTF overcurrent protection is enabled.
21. The No.1 zero sequence current is in excess of the setting of the zero sequence SOTF overcurrent protection multiplied by 0.97 if the zero sequence SOTF overcurrent protection is enabled.
22. Any one of the phase currents is in excess of [49.K_Trp][49.Ib_Set] if the thermal overload protection is enabled.
23. The ratio of negative to positive phase sequence current (I2/I1) is in excess of the ratio setting
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3 Operation Theory
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-3Date: 2011-08-29
of the broken conductor protection multiplied by 0.95 if the broken conductor protection is enabled.
24. Any one of the initiation signals of the breaker failure protection is detected if the breaker failure protection is enabled.
25. The voltages are less than the setting of the stage 1 undervoltage protection multiplied by the dropout coefficient setting of the stage 1 undervoltage protection if the stage 1 undervoltage protection is enabled.
26. The voltages are less than the setting of the stage 2 undervoltage protection multiplied by the dropout coefficient setting of the stage 2 undervoltage protection if the stage 1 undervoltage protection is enabled.
27. The voltages are greater than the setting of the stage 1 overvoltage protection multiplied by the dropout coefficient setting of the stage 1 overvoltage protection if the stage 1 overvoltage protection is enabled.
28. The voltages are greater than the setting of the stage 2 overvoltage protection multiplied by the dropout coefficient setting of the stage 2 overvoltage protection if the stage 2 overvoltage protection is enabled.
29. The zero sequence voltage is greater than the setting of the stage 1 zero sequence overvoltage protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 1 zero sequence overvoltage protection is enabled.
30. The zero sequence voltage is greater than the setting of the stage 2 zero sequence overvoltage protection multiplied by 0.95 if the stage 2 zero sequence overvoltage protection is enabled.
31. The negative sequence voltage is greater than the setting of the negative sequence overvoltage protection multiplied by 0.95 if the negative sequence overvoltage protection is enabled.
32. The frequency is less than the setting of the stage 1 under-frequency protection and all the phase-to-phase voltages are greater than the voltage setting of the voltage blocking element of the frequency protection if the stage 1 under-frequency protection is enabled and ready for operating.
33. The frequency is less than the setting of the stage 2 under-frequency protection and all the phase-to-phase voltages are greater than the voltage setting of the voltage blocking element of the frequency protection if the stage 2 under-frequency protection is enabled and ready for operating.
34. The frequency is less than the setting of the stage 3 under-frequency protection and all the phase-to-phase voltages are greater than the voltage setting of the voltage blocking element of the frequency protection if the stage 3 under-frequency protection is enabled and ready for operating.
35. The frequency is less than the setting of the stage 4 under-frequency protection and all the
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3 Operation Theory
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-4 Date: 2011-08-29
phase-to-phase voltages are greater than the voltage setting of the voltage blocking element of the frequency protection if the stage 4 under-frequency protection is enabled and ready for operating.
36. The frequency is greater than the setting of the stage 1 over-frequency protection and all the phase-to-phase voltages are greater than the voltage setting of the voltage blocking element of the frequency protection if the stage 1 over-frequency protection is enabled and ready for operating.
37. The frequency is greater than the setting of the stage 2 over-frequency protection and all the phase-to-phase voltages are greater than the voltage setting of the voltage blocking element of the frequency protection if the stage 2 over-frequency protection is enabled and ready for operating.
38. The rate-of-change of frequency is greater than the setting of the stage 1 frequency rate-of-change protection if the stage 1 frequency rate-of-change protection is enabled.
39. The rate-of-change of frequency is greater than the setting of the stage 2 frequency rate-of-change protection if the stage 2 frequency rate-of-change protection is enabled.
40. The rate-of-change of frequency is greater than the setting of the stage 3 frequency rate-of-change protection if the stage 3 frequency rate-of-change protection is enabled.
41. The rate-of-change of frequency is greater than the setting of the stage 4 frequency rate-of-change protection if the stage 4 frequency rate-of-change protection is enabled.
42. If anyone the binary inputs of the mechanical protections is energized if the corresponding mechanical protection is enabled.
The FD (Fault Detector) element will reset to normal operation status 10s later if the auto-recloser is enabled or 500ms later if the auto-recloser is disabled, after the last one of the above items is reverted.
3.3 Overcurrent Protection
3.3.1 Definite Time Overcurrent Protection
The overcurrent protection in this relay provides a four-stage phase overcurrent protection with independent definite time characteristics. Each stage can be enabled or disabled independently by the logic settings respectively. All overcurrent element, directional element, voltage control element and harmonic blocking element settings apply to all three phases but are independent for each of the four stages. Configuring the relevant settings can enable or disable the corresponding protection.
The first three stages of overcurrent protection only have definite time characteristics, and they have the same protective functional logic. The stage 4 overcurrent protection can be set as either definite time (DT) or inverse definite minimum time (IDMT). The demonstration characteristic figure of the DT overcurrent protection and IDMT overcurrent protection is shown as below.
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3 Operation Theory
PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-5Date: 2011-08-29
tDelay
50/51P2.I_Set Inom50/51P1.I_Set
50/51P2.t_Op
50/51P1.t_Op
tDelay
Inom
DT OC IDMT OC
Figure 3.3-1 Demonstration characteristic of the overcurrent protection
The logic diagram of the stage 1 overcurrent protection is shown in Figure 3.3-2. The overcurrent block is a level detector that detects whether the current magnitude is above the threshold.
The stage 2 overcurrent protection and the stage 3 overcurrent protection have the same logic diagrams with the stage 1 overcurrent protection, but the operation thresholds are [50/51P2.I_Set] and [50/51P3.I_Set] respectively.
The logic diagram of the stage 4 overcurrent protection with definite time characteristic is shown in Figure 3.3-3, if the setting [50/51P4.Opt_Curve] is set as 0.
Figure 3.3-2 Logic diagram of the stage 1 overcurrent protection
Where:
[50/51P1.I_Set] is the current setting of the stage 1 overcurrent protection;
tOC1 is the setting [50/51P1.t_Op], the time setting of the stage 1 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P1.En] is the logic setting of the stage 1 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P1.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the stage 1 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P1.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the stage 1 overcurrent protection;
50/51P1.VCE_x (x: A, B, C) denotes the state of the voltage control element of the stage 1 overcurrent protection, see Section 3.3.3 for more details about the voltage control element;
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PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-6 Date: 2011-08-29
50/51P1.Dir_x (x: A, B, C) denotes the state of the directional element of the stage 1 overcurrent protection, see Section 3.3.4 for more details about the directional element;
50/51P1.HmBlk_x (x: A, B, C) denotes the harmonic blocking element of the stage 1 overcurrent protection, see Section 3.3.5 for more details about the harmonic blocking element.
3.3.2 Inverse Definite Minimum Time Overcurrent Protection
The stage 4 overcurrent protection also can be used as inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) overcurrent protection if the setting [50/51P4.Opt_Curve] is not set as 0.
Various methods are available to achieve correct relay coordination on a system; by means of time alone, current alone or a combination of both time and current. Grading by means of current is only possible where there is an appreciable difference in fault level between the two relay locations. Grading by time is used by some utilities but can often lead to excessive fault clearance times at or near source substations where the fault level is highest. For these reasons the most commonly applied characteristic in coordinating overcurrent relays is the IDMT type.
The inverse time delayed characteristics comply with the following formula (based on IEC60255-3 and IEEE Std C37.112-1996 standard).
p
p
TCIIkt
+= 1)/(
Where:
k = Constant, the setting [50/51P4.K].
= Constant, the setting [50/51P4.Alpha].
C = Constant, the setting [50/51P4.C].
t = Operation time .
I = Measured phase current.
Ip is the current threshold setting; the current setting of the stage 4 overcurrent [50/51P4.I_Set] is used as the Ip in this relay. If the stage 4 overcurrent protection is used as IDMT overcurrent protection, the range of the setting [50/51P4.I_Set] is 0.05In ~ 4In.
Tp is the time multiplier setting; the multiplier setting of the IDMT overcurrent protection [50/51P4.TMS] is used as Tp in this relay. If the stage 4 overcurrent protection is used as IDMT overcurrent protection, the range of the setting [50/51P4.TMS] is 0.05 ~ 100.00.
Some recommended types of IDMT characteristic curves are applied in this relay. It is also can be programmed according to the demand of the special practical application through the PCS-PC configuration tool auxiliary software.
The setting [50/51P4.Opt_Curve] can be used to select the expected curve.
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PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-7Date: 2011-08-29
Setting Value Standard Time Characteristic k C
0 Definite Time
1 IEC Standard Inverse 0.14 0.02 0.00
2 IEC Very Inverse 13.5 1.00 0.00
3 IEC Extremely Inverse 80.0 2.00 0.00
4 IEC Short Time Inverse 0.05 0.04 0.00
5 IEC Long Time Inverse 120.0 1.00 0.00
6 IEEE (ANSI) Extremely Inverse 28.20 2.00 0.1217
7 IEEE (ANSI) Very Inverse 19.61 2.00 0.491
8 IEEE (ANSI) Inverse 0.0086 0.02 0.0185
9 IEEE (ANSI) Moderately Inverse 0.0515 0.02 0.114
10 IEEE (ANSI) Long Time Extremely Inverse 64.07 2.00 0.25
11 IEEE (ANSI) Long Time Very Inverse 28.55 2.00 0.712
12 IEEE (ANSI) Long Time Inverse 0.086 0.02 0.185
13 User Programmable
If the setting [50/51P4.Opt_Curve] is set as 1 to 12, these settings [50/51P4.K], [50/51P4.Alpha] and [50/51P4.C] do not need to be set, and this relay will use these values as listed in above table.
The logic diagram of the stage 4 overcurrent protection is shown in Figure 3.3-3. The overcurrent block is a level detector that detects whether the current magnitude is above the threshold.
Figure 3.3-3 Logic diagram of the stage 4 overcurrent protection
Where:
[50/51P4.I_Set] is the current setting of the stage 4 overcurrent protection;
tOC4 is the setting [50/51P4.t_Op], the time setting of the stage 4 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P4.En] is the logic setting of the stage 4 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P4.En1] is the binary signal for enabling the stage 4 overcurrent protection;
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PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-8 Date: 2011-08-29
[50/51P4.Blk] is the binary signal for blocking the stage 4 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P4.Opt_Curve] is the setting for selecting the inverse time characteristic curve;
50/51P4.VCE_x (x: A, B, C) denotes the state of the voltage control element of the stage 4 overcurrent protection, see Section 3.3.3 for more details about the voltage control element;
50/51P4.Dir_x (x: A, B, C) denotes the state of the directional element of the stage 4 overcurrent protection, see Section 3.3.4 for more details about the directional element;
50/51P4.HmBlk_x (x: A, B, C) denotes the harmonic blocking element of the stage 4 overcurrent protection, see Section 3.3.5 for more details about the harmonic blocking element.
3.3.3 Voltage Control Element for Overcurrent Protection
If the current detected by a local relay for a remote fault condition is below its overcurrent setting, a voltage controlled overcurrent (VCO) element may be used to increase the relay sensitivity to such faults. In this case, a reduction in system voltage will occur; this may then be used to reduce the pick up level of the overcurrent protection. The VCO function can be selectively enabled on the four stages of the main overcurrent element, which was described in Section 3.3.1. When the VCO is enabled, the overcurrent setting can be modified just to be in excess of the maximum value of the load current.
Overcurrent Element Voltage for Controlling
Ia> Uab< or Uca< or U2>
Ib> Ubc< or Uab< or U2>
Ic> Uca< or Ubc< or U2>
Note that the voltage dependent overcurrent relays are more often applied in practical protection applications in order to give adequate overcurrent relay sensitivity for close up fault conditions. The fault characteristic of this protection must then coordinate with any of the downstream overcurrent relays that are responsive to the current decrement condition. It therefore follows that if this relay is to be applied on an outgoing feeder from a generator station, the use of voltage controlled overcurrent protection in the feeder relay may allow better coordination with the VCO relay on the generator.
For the operation accuracy of the VCO protection, it is necessary to take the status of the voltage transformer into account. If the voltage transformer has a fault, the numerical relay will issue an [VTS.Alm] signal and block all the elements that relate to the voltage measurement.
The logic diagram of the voltage control overcurrent protection is shown in Figure 3.3-2. Each stage of the overcurrent protection can be set with voltage control by its relevant independent setting respectively. The detailed logic diagram for the voltage control element of phase A for the stage 1 overcurrent protection is shown as below. The logic diagrams for voltage control elements of phase B and phase C can be gotten on the analogy of this.
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PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-9Date: 2011-08-29
Figure 3.3-4 Logic diagram of the OC1 phase A voltage control element
Where:
[50/51P.Upp_VCE] is the voltage setting of the undervoltage control element;
[50/51P.U2_VCE] is the voltage setting of the negative sequence overvoltage control element;
[VTS.En] is the logic setting of the protection voltage transformer supervision function;
[50/51P1.En_VCE] is the logic setting of the voltage control element for the OC1 protection;
[50/51P.En_VTS_Blk] is the logic setting of the function which can block all the OC protective elements that relate to the voltage measurement when the voltage transformer is failed;
[VTS.Alm] is the alarm signal of the protection voltage transformer supervision.
3.3.4 Directional Element for Overcurrent Protection
The phase fault elements of this relay are internally polarized by the quadrature phase-to-phase voltages, as shown in the table below:
Phase of Protection Operate Current Polarizing Voltage
A Phase Ia Ubc
B Phase Ib Uca
C Phase Ic Uab
Under system fault conditions, the fault current vector will lag its nominal phase voltage by an angle dependent upon the system X/R ratio. It is therefore a requirement that the relay operates with maximum sensitivity for currents lying in this region. This is achieved by means of the relay characteristic angle (RCA) setting; this defines the angle by which the current applied to the relay must be displaced from the voltage applied to the relay to obtain maximum relay sensitivity.
For a close up three-phase fault, all three voltages will collapse to zero and no healthy phase voltages will be present. For this reason, the relay includes a synchronous polarization feature that stores the pre-fault positive sequence voltage information and continues to apply it to the directional overcurrent elements for a time period of 25 fundamental wave cycles, after which, it will keep the result of the directional element, this ensures that either the instantaneous or the time delayed directional overcurrent elements will be allowed to operate, even with a three-phase voltage collapse.
The relay characteristic angle (RCA) is configurable through the setting [50/51P.RCA]. A directional check is performed based on the following criteria:
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PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-10 Date: 2011-08-29
z Directional forward -90 < (angle(U) - angle(I) - RCA) < 90
z Directional reverse -90 > (angle(U) - angle(I) - RCA) > 90
Forward
Reverse
O U
IRCA
Figure 3.3-5 Operation characteristic of the OC directional element
The setting [50/51Px.Opt_Dir] (x: 1~4) is used to select the directional mode for the stage x (x: 1~4) overcurrent protection respectively.
Setting Value 0 1 2
Directional Mode Non-directional Forward directional Reverse directional
Any of the four overcurrent stages may be configured to be directional. When the element is selected as directional, a VTS block option is available. When the relevant setting is set as 1, operation of the voltage transformer supervision (VTS) will block the stage if the relevant directional element is in service. When the relevant setting is set as 0, the stage will revert to non-directional upon operation of the VTS.
The logic diagram of the phase directional overcurrent protection is shown in Figure 3.3-2. Each stage of the overcurrent protection can be set with directional element control by its relevant independent setting respectively. The detailed logic diagram for the phase A directional element for the stage 1 overcurrent protection is shown as below. The logic diagrams of voltage control elements of phase B and phase C can be gotten on the analogy of this.
[VTS.En][50/51P.En_VTS_Blk]
[VTS.Alm]
Ubc(present measure)Ia (present measure)
[50/51P1.Opt_Dir] 0Ubc(in memory)
Phase ADirectionCheck
&50/51P1.Dir_A
Figure 3.3-6 Logic diagram of the OC1 phase A directional element
Where:
[50/51P1.Opt_Dir] is the setting which is used to select the directional mode (non-directional, forward, reverse) of the directional element for the stage 1 overcurrent protection;
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PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-11Date: 2011-08-29
[VTS.En] is the logic setting of the protection voltage transformer supervision function;
[50/51P.En_VTS_Blk] is the logic setting of the function which can block all the OC protective elements that relate to the voltage measurement when the voltage transformer is failed;
[VTS.Alm] is the alarm signal of the protection voltage transformer supervision.
3.3.5 Harmonic Blocking Element for Overcurrent Protection
To prevent maloperation of the overcurrent protection when the transformer is energized without any load, this relay provides a 2nd harmonic blocking function for resolving such a problem.
The percent threshold of the 2nd harmonic blocking element to the fundamental wave can be set through the setting [50/51P.K_Hm2].
The harmonic blocking mode can be selected through the setting [50/51P.Opt_Hm_Blk].
Harmonic Blocking Criterion Setting Value
Phase A Phase B Phase C
1 Phase blocking Ia2/ Ia1 > Ib2/ Ib1 > Ic2/ Ic1 >
2 Cross blocking (Ia2/ Ia1 >) or (Ib2/ Ib1 >) or (Ic2/ Ic1 >)
3 Maximum blocking Max(Ia2, Ib2, Ic2)/ Ia1 > Max(Ia2, Ib2, Ic2)/ Ib1 > Max(Ia2, Ib2, Ic2)/ Ic1 >
When the fundamental current is greater than the setting [50/51P.I_Rls_HmBlk], the harmonic blocking element of the corresponding phase is released.
The following figure shows the logic diagram of the harmonic blocking element of phase A for the stage 1 overcurrent protection. The logic diagrams of the harmonic blocking elements of phase B and phase C can be gotten on the analogy of this.
Figure 3.3-7 Logic diagram of the OC1 phase A harmonic blocking element
Where:
[50/51P1.En_HarmBlk] is the logic setting of the harmonic blocking element of the stage 1 overcurrent protection;
[50/51P.K_Hm2] is the percent setting of the harmonic blocking element for OC protection;
[50/51P.I_Rls_HmBlk] is the current setting for releasing the harmonic blocking element;
[50/51P.Opt_Hm_Blk] is the setting for selecting the harmonic blocking criterion;
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PCS-9611 Feeder Relay 3-12 Date: 2011-08-29
Ix1 (x: a, b or c) is the fundamental current