Building on EPI to Establish a Modern Management Framework for Child Survival II
PCM II - Epi
3
Key Epidemiologic Characteristics of Selected Communicable Diseases | PCM II DISEASE AGENT RESERVOIR MODE of TRANSMISSION INCUBATION PERIOD PERIOD OF COMMUNICABILITY SPECIMEN Poliomyelitis Poliovirus Types 1,2, 3 Human - people with unapparent infections (children) Fecal-Oral route Paralytic cases: 7-14 days Range: 3-35 days Feces Throat specimen Diphteria Corynebacterium diphtheriae Human Direct contact with patient of carrier Body contact with articles soiled with discharges from lesions of infected people Raw milk (vehicle) 2-5 days Lesions Laryngeal swab Cholera Vibrio cholerae Human Ingestion of food and water contaminated with feces or vomitus of infected people Few hours to 5 days Feces Chicken Pox Human (ALPHA) Herpesvirus 3 Varicella zoster virus Human Direct contact Droplet Airborne 2-3 weeks Common: 14-16 days 1-2 days before onset of rash until all lesions are crusted (~5 days) Serum Small Pox Variola virus Officially only in designated freezers Airborne 7-19 days Common: 10-14 days to onset of illness + 2-4 days to onset of rash Time of development of lesions to disappearance of scabs (~3 weeks) Scraping of lesions Rubella (German Measles) Rubella virus Humans Droplet 14-17 days 1 week before and 4 days after onset of rash Nasal specimen and throat swabs Aleyssa
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Key Epidemiologic Diseases
Transcript of PCM II - Epi
Key Epidemiologic Characteristics of Selected Communicable Diseases | PCM II
DISEASEAGENTRESERVOIRMODE of TRANSMISSIONINCUBATION PERIODPERIOD OF COMMUNICABILITYSPECIMEN
PoliomyelitisPoliovirus Types 1,2, 3Human- people with unapparent infections (children)Fecal-Oral routeParalytic cases: 7-14 days
Range: 3-35 daysFeces
Throat specimen
DiphteriaCorynebacterium diphtheriaeHumanDirect contact with patient of carrier
Body contact with articles soiled with discharges from lesions of infected people
Raw milk (vehicle)2-5 daysLesions
Laryngeal swab
CholeraVibrio choleraeHumanIngestion of food and water contaminated with feces or vomitus of infected peopleFew hours to 5 daysFeces
Chicken PoxHuman (ALPHA) Herpesvirus 3
Varicella zoster virusHumanDirect contact
Droplet
Airborne2-3 weeks
Common: 14-16 days1-2 days before onset of rash until all lesions are crusted (~5 days)Serum
Small PoxVariola virusOfficially only in designated freezersAirborne7-19 days
Common: 10-14 days to onset of illness
+ 2-4 days to onset of rashTime of development of lesions to disappearance of scabs (~3 weeks)Scraping of lesions
Rubella (German Measles)Rubella virusHumansDroplet
Direct contact14-17 days
Range: 14-21 days1 week before and 4 days after onset of rashNasal specimen and throat swabs
Blood, urine, and CSF
TuberculosisM. tuberculosis complex(M. tuberculosis and M. africanum)
M. bovisHumans
CattleAirborne
Droplet
Direct invasion through mucus membranes or breaks in the skin (rare)
Ingestion of unpasteurized milk2-10 weeksAs long as viable tubercle bacilli are being discharged (sputum)Sputum
Gastric aspirates, pleural fluid, CSF, body fluids, and biopsy
Aleyssa
