PCB Making Lecture
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Transcript of PCB Making Lecture
![Page 1: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
EE-200
Lecture 8Made By:
Adnan Munawar
Edited by
Shoaib Muhammad
Sabeeta
![Page 2: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
SOFTWARES USED FOR DESGINING
DIP TRACE
PROTEUS-ISIS
PROTEUS-ARES
EXPRESS PCB
![Page 3: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Discrete Components
![Page 4: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Bread Board
![Page 5: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Vero Board
![Page 6: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
PCB
![Page 7: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Types of PCBs
Single Layer PCB
![Page 8: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Double/Multiple Layer PCBs
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Surface Mount PCBs
![Page 10: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Some tips for designing layout
Make neat and clean layouts. Do not misseven the intricate details. Its easier to debuglater on.
Used LEDs or LED banks (bridged throughbuffers) for multiple I/O lines. Consider howeasy your debugging would become.
Keep the components at a good distance.DO NOT rush to make compact boards(Unlessyou are a professional circuit designer,ironically none of us are).
![Page 11: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Some tips for designing layout
When making PCB for power componentsand inductive loads, keep them at a gooddistance from the logic components toprevent EMI effect.
Remember there are two types of ground orsinks:
Analog ground
Digital ground
Keep the ground traces of powercomponents thick
![Page 12: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Some tips for designing layout
As so resistance increases and power
dissipation increases and heat increases
Do not pass the tracks between the pins of
ICS
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ROUTING TIPS Right Angle Tracks
Avoid right angle tracks where possible as they
can cause issues with signal integrity. Also, on
finer tracks they can cause the trace to be
broken due to acid traps and erosion over time
T - Junctions
It is advisable to avoid T junctions as they lead to
signal integrity. They can also cause acid traps
on each side, which gives a higher chance of
causing an open circuit.
![Page 14: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ROUTING TIPS
As because of charge acceleration an
EMI is produced and that corner start
acting as a source
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ROUTING TIPS Loops
It is best to avoid loops where possible as they cancause a large amount of noise, which in turn canaffect the signal integrity of many tracks on yourboard. Also they cause inductance which canalso lead to increased noise.
Acute AnglesAcute angles during the routing of a PCB cancause acid traps. This is where the etching solutiongets trapped in the small corners and over timecan etch away the track which can lead to anopen circuit.
![Page 16: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
GENERIC CONTROLLER BOARD
![Page 17: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
NEATLY DESIGNED LAYOUT
![Page 18: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
A thing others wont know
Focus today!
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TYPES OF PCB PACKAGES
A PCB packages is also called a Device
Footprint or an IC footprint.
I would like to divide them into two basic
types:
a. Through the Hole PCB Packages.
b. Surface Mount Packages.
![Page 20: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
TYPES OF PCB PACKAGES
These two packages are further divided
into many categories.
Keep in mind that the characterization of
footprints and their classification is done
on a variety of different factors.
![Page 21: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Factors for Different
Classification
Pins Arrangement (Single in Line, Dual in Line, Grid, Quadrature etc.)
Distance between pins (Rows and Columns)
Pins shape and type (SMT, Through hole, Balls, J-Shaped etc.).
Mould Material (Plastic, Epoxy Resin etc.)
Die Material.
and many other..
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Through the Hole Footprint
We shall discuss these first.
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Through the Hole Footprint
Quite popular in the 60s, 70s and 80s.
Are and were easy to manufacture, in
terms of price and automation.
Take up more space.
Are heavier.
![Page 24: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Single in Line Package (SIP)
Normally a distance of 0.1 Inch between
pins.
![Page 25: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Dual in Line Package (DIP)
Again normally a distance of 0.1 inch
between row pins.
![Page 26: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Dual in Line Package (DIP)
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For Enthusiasts
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Quad in Line Package (QIP)
Same distance between pins of a row as
DIL Package.
![Page 29: PCB Making Lecture](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022033020/577cc63e1a28aba7119df01b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Lead or Pin Spacing Commonly found DIP packages use an inter-
lead spacing (lead pitch) of 0.1 inch (2.54 mm).
Row spacing varies depending on lead counts, with 0.3 in. (7.62 mm) or 0.6 inch (15.24 mm) the most common.
Less common standardized row spacing include 0.4 inch (10.16 mm) and 0.9 inch (22.86 mm), as well as a row spacing of 0.3 inch, 0.6 inch or 0.75 inch with a 0.07 inch (1.778 mm) lead pitch.
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Comparison
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Comparison
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Variants of the DIP package
Several DIP variants for ICs exist, mostly distinguished by packaging material:
Ceramic Dual In-line Package (CERDIP or CDIP)
Plastic Dual In-line Package (PDIP)
Shrink Plastic Dual In-line Package (SPDIP) – A denser version of the PDIP with a 0.07 in. (1.778 mm) lead pitch.
Skinny Dual In-line Package (SDIP or SPDIP[4]) –Sometimes used to refer to a 0.3 in. wide DIP, normally when clarification is needed e.g. for a 24 or 28 pin DIP.
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SMT (Surface Mount
Technology)
Started to take over the through hole packages around 80’s and 90’s.
Have won over the industry, almost replaced through the hole Packages in the industry (Not is school and universities)
Are relatively difficult to manufacture; cost and technology.
Can be used easily on automation plants auto soldering and placing
Are lighter and save a lot of space in circuit design.
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Classes in the SMD with higher
terminal count.
RLC’s (2 terminals)
SOD (2 terminals).
SOT (3-8 terminals).
Dual in Line.
Quad in Line.
Grid Arrays.
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Dual In Line SOIC: (Small-Outline Integrated Circuit), dual-in-line, 8 or more
pins, gull-wing lead form, pin spacing 1.27 mm
SOJ: Small-Outline Package, J-Leaded, the same as SOIC except J-leaded [2]
TSOP: Thin Small-Outline Package, thinner than SOIC with smaller pin spacing of 0.5 mm
SSOP: Shrink Small-Outline Package, pin spacing of 0.635 mm or in some cases 0.8 mm
TSSOP: Thin Shrink Small-Outline package.
QSOP: Quarter-Size Small-Outline package, with pin spacing of 0.635 mm
VSOP: Very Small Outline Package, even smaller than QSOP; 0.4, 0.5 mm or 0.65 mm pin spacing
DFN: Dual Flat No-lead, smaller footprint than leaded equivalent.
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Quad in Line PLCC: Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier, square, J-lead, pin spacing 1.27 mm QFP: Quad Flat Package, various sizes, with pins on all four sides
LQFP: Low-profile Quad Flat Package, 1.4 mm high, varying sized and pins on all four sides
PQFP: Plastic Quad Flat-Pack, a square with pins on all four sides, 44 or more pins
CQFP: Ceramic Quad Flat-Pack, similar to PQFP MQFP: Metric Quad Flat Pack, a QFP package with metric pin
distribution
TQFP: Thin Quad Flat Pack, a thinner version of PQFP QFN: Quad Flat No-lead, smaller footprint than leaded equivalent LCC: Leadless Chip Carrier, contacts are recessed vertically to "wick-in"
solder. Common in aviation electronics because of robustness to mechanical vibration.
MLP (MLF): Micro Lead frame Package (Micro Lead-Frame package) with a 0.5 mm contact pitch, no leads (same as QFN) [3]
PQFN: Power Quad Flat No-lead, with exposed die-pad[s] for heat sinking
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Grid Arrays PGA: Pin grid array. BGA: Ball Grid Array, with a square or rectangular array of solder balls on
one surface, ball spacing typically 1.27 mm LGA: An array of bare lands only. Similar to in appearance to QFN, but
mating is by spring pins within a socket rather than solder. FBGA: Fine pitch Ball Grid Array, with a square or rectangular array of
solder balls on one surface LFBGA: Low profile Fine pitch Ball Grid Array, with a square or
rectangular array of solder balls on one surface, ball spacing typically 0.8 mm
TFBGA: Thin Fine pitch Ball Grid Array, with a square or rectangular array of solder balls on one surface, ball spacing typically 0.5 mm
CGA: Column Grid Array, circuit package in which the input and output points are high temperature solder cylinders or columns arranged in a grid pattern.
CCGA: Ceramic Column Grid Array, circuit package in which the input and output points are high temperature solder cylinders or columns arranged in a grid pattern. The body of the component is ceramic.
μBGA: micro-BGA, with ball spacing less than 1 mm LLP: Lead Less Package, a package with metric pin distribution (0.5 mm
pitch).
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Image
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Image
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Small Outline IC (SOIC)-DIP
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Quad Flat Package (QFP)-QIP
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Pin Grid Array (PGA)-GA
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Land Grid Array (LGA)-GA
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Ball Grid Array (BGA)-GA
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THANK YOU!