PAYS Team

Sebrina DoyleResearch Assistant

EPISCenter

Sandy HinkleCommunities That

Care Consultant

EPISCenter

Geoff KolchinProgram Analyst

PA Commission on

Crime and Delinquency

Phyllis LawCommunities That

Care Consultant

EPISCenter

Tania LuciowCommunications Manager

EPISCenter

Upcoming PAYS Webinar Schedule

• October 31st PAYS for Grant Writing #1: Needs Assessments

• November 7th PAYS for Grant Writing #2: Program Selection

• December 5th PAYS Q&A

Topics Covered Today

• 11-11:30 am

PAYS State Report Review: Understanding the State Sample : Bach Harrison Norm

State Report Overview: Risk & Protective Factors Above and Below the Bach Harrison Norm : Other Great Findings

Moving Forward: Areas to focus on in the future

• 11:30-12:00 pm

Questions and Answers

o Submit questions via the ‘Q & A’ pod in Adobe Connect

PAYS State Report Review

PAYS

State

Report

www.PAYS.pa.gov

How a State Wide Sample is

Determined• How are school districts selected

• What do we look for in a sample group

• Incentives for participation

• Of the 264 school – grade combinations selected for the sample frame this year:

167 participated for the State Sample = over 64%

7

Demographics of 2013 State Sample

8

26%

30%

23%

20%6th Grade

8th Grade

10th Grade

12th Grade

2013 PAYS State Sample Participants, by Grade

Demographics of 2013 State Sample

9

50%50%

Male Female

2013 PAYS State Sample Participants,by Gender

Demographics of 2013 State Sample

10

6.20%

3.30%2.80%

0.60%

76.80%

10.30%African American

Asian

Hispanic

American Indian

White

Multi-racial

2013 PAYS State Sample Participants, by Race/Ethnicity(Note: Final data presented in this report was weighted)

Comparing to the Bach Harrison (BH)

Norm & How do I use it?

11

Arizona

Florida

Iowa

Louisiana

Montana

Nebraska

New York

Oklahoma

Pennsylvania

Utah

Washington

• A combined database from 11 statewide surveys administered during 2010 and 2011

• The resulting database contained 656,987 participants in grades 6, 8, 10, and 12

12

Example:

State Report Overview

Risk & Protective Factors Above and Below the Bach Harrison Norm :

Other Great Findings

13

Good News!

• PA has HIGHER Protective Factors than BH Norm:

Family Attachment (66.8 to 56.9)

Family Opportunities for Pro. Soc. Inv. (64.9-56.4)

Family Rewards for Pro. Soc. Inv. (55.1-53.2)

School Opportunities for Pro. Soc. Inv. (55.1-53.2)

School Rewards for Pro. Soc. Inv. (56.6-52.5)

Peer and Individual Belief in Moral Order(60.9-53.6)

14

More Good News!

• PA has much LOWER Risk Factors than the BH Norm:

Perceived Availability of Drugs (31.7 - 44.8)

Perceived Availability of Handguns (29.0 – 40.7)

Family History of Anti Social Behavior (36.2 – 46.7)

Rebelliousness (27.6 – 37.8)

Sensation Seeking (32.3 – 44.2)

Friends Use of Drugs (28.9 – 41.7)

Interaction with Anti Social Peers (25.8 – 42.6)

15

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

State2009

State2011

State2013

MTF2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

MTF2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

MTF2013

Alcohol (Lifetime Use) Alcohol (30-Day Use) Binge drinking

6th

8th

10th

12th

All

Alcohol Use: Lifetime, Past-Month, Binge Drinking(PAYS 2009, 2011, 2013, Monitoring the Future 2012)

Perc

ent of

stu

den

tsDownward Trends in 30 Day Alcohol Use

& Binge Drinking over 3 Cycles

16

Tobacco Use Has Been Trending

Downward Since 2009

17

Tobacco Use for Cigarettes

Continues to drop among 12th graders with lifetime use in 2009 @ 44.3 – to 35.2 in 2014

PA 12th graders also have downward trends in 30 day use. In 2009 @ 20.8 -to 17 in 2014.

Compared to National Youth PA 12th graders are lower than

their national peers for lifetime cigarette use 35.2 – 38.1

HOWEVER….PA 12th graders are higher than their national peers with 30day use 17 – 16.3

Marijuana Use

18

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

State2009

State2011

State2013

MTF2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

MTF2013

Marijuana (Lifetime Use) Marijuana (30-Day Use)

6th

8th

10th

12th

All

Marijuana Use: Lifetime, Past-Month(PAYS 2009, 2011, 2013, Monitoring the Future 2012)

Per

cen

t o

f st

ud

ents

Community Domain: Perceived

Availability of Drugs

19

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

6th 8th 10th 12th

Pe

rce

nt

of

Stu

de

nts

at

Ris

k

Family Domain: Poor Family

Management

20

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

6th 8th 10th 12th

Pe

rce

nt

of

Stu

de

nts

at

Ris

k

School Domain: Academic Failure &

Low Commitment to School

21

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

6th 8th 10th 12th

Pe

rce

nt

of

Stu

de

nts

at

Ris

k

Academic failure Low commitment to school

Peer Domain: Attitudes Favorable to

Drug Use

22

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

State2009

State2011

State2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

6th 8th 10th 12th

Pe

rce

nta

ge

of

Stu

de

nts

at

Ris

k

Attitudes favorable to drug use BH Norm

Moving Forward

Areas to focus on in the future

23

Exceeding the BH National Norm

• PA is HIGHER than the BH norm in the following two Risk Factors areas:

• Parental Attitudes Favorable to Drug Use (30.2 – 29.8

• Parental Attitudes Favorable to Antisocial Behaviors (40.0 –34.1)

24

Moving Forward: Risk Factor 3 Year

Trends Higher Than BH Norm

25

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

State2009

State2011

State2013

BHNorm

6th 8th 10th 12th

Parental attitudes favorable to drug use Parental attitudes favorable to antisocial behavior Depressive symptoms

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

State2009

State2011

State2013

MTF2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

MTF2013

Alcohol (Lifetime Use) Alcohol (30-Day Use)

6th

8th

10th

12th

All

Alcohol Use: Lifetime & Past-Month(PAYS 2009, 2011, 2013, Monitoring the Future 2012)

Per

cen

t o

f st

ud

ents

PA 10th and 12th Grades Exceeds National

Average for Lifetime and 30 Day Alcohol Use

26

Prescription Drug Use Increases w/ Age

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

State2009

State2011

State2013

MTF2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

MTF2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

MTF2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

MTF2013

PEDs & Steroids Narcotic prescription drugs Prescription tranquilizers Prescription stimulants

6th

8th

10th

12th

All

Prescription Drug Use: Lifetime(PAYS 2009, 2011, 2013, Monitoring the Future 2012)

Per

cen

t o

f st

ud

ents

Aggressive Behaviors:

More Prominent in 6th and 8th Grades

28

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Bullied at school (% answering "YES!" or "yes")

6th

8th

10th

12th

All

Bullying and Internet Safety:(PAYS 2009, 2011, 2013)

Pe

rce

nt

of

stu

de

nts

Aggressive Behaviors: More Prominent in 6th and 8th Grades

29

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

State2009

State2011

State2013

Threatened at school

6th

8th

10th

12th

All

Violence and Drugs on School Property:(PAYS 2009, 2011, 2013)

Pe

rce

nt

of

stu

de

nts

Risk Taking Behaviors

30

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

State2009

State2011

State2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

Texted while driving Passenger with textingdriver

Driving after alcohol Driving after marijuana

6th

8th

10th

12th

All

Dangerous Driving Behavior:(PAYS 2009, 2011, 2013)

Pe

rce

nt

of

stu

de

nts

Substance Abuse & School Success

31

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

AlcoholLifetime

Alcohol 30-Day

CigarettesLifetime

Cigarettes30-Day

MarijuanaLifetime

Marijuana30-Day

Mostly A's

Mostly B's

Mostly C's

Mostly D'sor F's

Youth Substance Use by Academic Grades:(PAYS 2013)

Pe

rce

nt

of

stu

de

nts

Depression

32

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

State2009

State2011

State2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

State2009

State2011

State2013

Felt depressed or sad MOSTdays in the past 12 months

Sometimes I think that life isnot worth it

At times I think I am no good atall

All in all, I am inclined to thinkthat I am a failure

6th

8th

10th

12th

All

Symptoms of Depression:(PAYS 2009, 2011, 2013)

Pe

rce

nt

of

stu

de

nts

Thinking About Suicide

33

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Very sad or hopeless forat least 2 weeks

Considered suicide Planned suicide Attempted suicide Needed medicaltreatment for attempt

6th

8th

10th

12th

All

Suicide Risk:(PAYS 2013)

Pe

rce

nt

of

stu

de

nts

Depression Linked to Higher Substance

Use

34

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Alcohol Lifetime Alcohol 30-Day Cigarettes Lifetime Cigarettes 30-Day Marijuana Lifetime Marijuana 30-Day

No/Low Depressive Symptoms Moderate Depressive Symptoms High Depressive Symptoms

Youth Substance Use by Depressive Symptoms(PAYS 2013)

Pe

rce

nt

of

stu

de

nts

Parents Play a VERY Important Role in

Substance Use

35

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Used Alcohol in Lifetime Used Alcohol in Past Month

Pe

rce

nt

of

stu

de

nts

Youth Alcohol Use by Perceived Parental Rules: (PAYS 2013)

Students who reported use within the substance category in relation to responding to the statement, "My family has clear rules about alcohol and drug use."

NO! or no

YES or Yes

Peer Perception ALSO plays an

Important Role in Substance Use

36

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Used Marijuana in Lifetime Used Marijuana in Past Month

No or Very Little Chance

Little Chance

Some Chance

Pretty Good Chance

Very Good Chance

Youth Marijuana Use by Perceived Peer Approval of Marijuana Use:(PAYS 2013)

Students who reported use within the substance category in relation to marking the question "What are the chances you would be seen as cool if you smoked marijuana?"

Pe

rce

nt

of

stu

de

nts

In Conclusion

• Prevention efforts - focusing on Risk and Protective Factors - across the state are making a difference

• Important issues to address in the future:

underage drinking and other drug use,

bullying,

peer violence,

depression and

anxiety among our youth.

• Continued need for unified collaboration across schools, agencies, and community coalitions

37

Let’s Answer

Your Questions

Upcoming PAYS Webinar Schedule

• October 31st PAYS for Grant Writing #1: Needs Assessments

• November 7th PAYS for Grant Writing #2: Program Selection

• December 5th PAYS Q&A

Thank you!• Next webinar:

• October 31st PAYS for Grant Writing #1: Needs Assessments

• Don’t forget to complete the evaluation of this webinar (available in “web links” pod)