Payment of Wages Act, 1991 Jan 2012

7/28/2019 Payment of Wages Act, 1991 Jan 2012

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Payment of

Wages ActExplanatory Booklet for

Employers and Empl oyees

Department of Jobs,

Enterprise and Innovation 2011

www.workplacerelations.ie


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AN tACHT UM OC P 1991

Leabhrn Mnichin dFhostir agus dFhostaithe

PAYMENT OF WAGES ACT, 1991

Explanatory Booklet for Employers and Employees

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AN tACHT UM OC P, 1991

Leabhrin Mnichin dFhostir agus dFhostaithe

Treoir ghinearlta at sa leabhrn seo faoin Acht thuasluaite agus nforliri dlthiil . Is is aidhm d ghearrthuairisc a thabhairt i bhfoclaochtnach bhuil dlthiil ar chearta agus ar dhualgais fostir agus fostaithe abhfuil solthar danta dibh san Acht.

I gcsanna amhrais, n mar a bhfuil tuilleadh eolais ag teastil, fach le dothoil ar an Acht n scrobh chuig: An tAonad Faisnise, An Roinn Fiontar,Trdla agus Fostaochta, Teach Dibhid, 65A Bothar Adelaide, Baile thaCliath 2.

Is fidir cipeanna den leabhrn seo a fhil n Aonad Faisnise.

tha Cliath 2

Treoir ghinearlta at sa leabhrn seo faoin Acht thuasluaite agus nforliri dlthiil . Is is aidhm d ghearrthuairisc a thabhairt i bhfoclaochtnach bhuil dlthiil ar chearta agus ar dhualgais fostir agus fostaithe abhfuil solthar danta dibh san Acht.

I gcsanna amhrais, n mar a bhfuil tuilleadh eolais ag teastil, fach ledo thoil ar an Acht n scrobh chuig: An tdars Nisinta um CheartaFostaochta. Locall 1890 80 80 90. www.employmentrights.ie

An Roinn Post Fiontaragus Nulaochta,


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Explanatory Booklet for Employers and Employees

This booklet gives general guidance about the above-named Act and is nota legal interpretation. Its purpose is to present in non-legal language anoutline of the rights and obligations of employers and employees providedfor in the Act.

In cases of doubt or where further information is required, please refer tothe Act or contact Employment Rights Inf

3

This booklet gives general guidance about the above-named Act and is nota legal interpretation. Its purpose is to present in non-legal language an

for in the Act.

In cases of doubt or where further information is

required, please refer to the Act or contact

Workplace Relations Customer Services

Locall 1890 80 80 90. www.workplacerelations.ie

Note: The lo-call numbers may be used by callers from

outside the 01 area.

*Note that the rates charged for the use of 1890 (Lo-Call)

numbers may vary among different service providers.

Department of Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation.


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BHAR

1 ACHOIMRE AR AN ACHT AGUS A RIMSE 10

Na promhfhorlacha 10

Na hearnlacha fosta a mbaineann an tAcht leo 10

An bhr at le p faoin Acht 12

2 MODHANNA CHUN P A OC

Na promh-mhodhanna is inghlachtha go dleathachcun p a oc 14

Socruithe speisialta i gcs stailceanna bainc, etc. 14

3. CEART AR RITEAS P I SCRBHINN 16

4. ASBHAINT AR P AGUS OCAOCHTA LEIS ANbhFOSTIR 16

Asbhaint dleathacha (agus ocaochta) as p 16

Srianta ar asbhaint irithe (n ocaochta) 16

Srianta breise ar asbhaint (n ocaochta) i leithghnomhaochta n faillocha an fhosta 18

Srianta breise ar asbhaint (n ocaochta) i leith caillteanaisn damiste 20

Srianta breise ar asbhaint (n ocaochta) i leith earran seirbhs irithe 20

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CONTENTS

1. SUMMARY OF THE ACT AND ITS SCOPE 11

Main provisions 11

Categories of employee covered by the Act 11

Meaning of wages in the Act 13

2. MODES OF WAGE PAYMENT

Main legally acceptable modes of wage payment 15

Special arrangements in the case of strikes in banks etc. 15

3. RIGHT TO A WRITTEN STATEMENT OF WAGES 17

4. DEDUCTIONS FROM WAGES AND PAYMENT TOEMPLOYER 17

Valid deductions (and payments) from wages 17

Restrictions on certain deductions (or payments) 17

Additional restrictions on deductions (or payments) for acts oromissions of the employee 19

Additional restrictions on deductions (or payments) for loss ordamage 21

Additional restrictions on deductions (or payments) for certaingoods or services 21

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ocaochta a dhanann fosta leis an bhfostir 22

Solthar earra n seirbhs i gcoitinne 22

Easnamh sa ph n a neamh-oc 22

5. NS IMEACHTA GEARN I LEITH ASBHAINT

NEAMHDHLEATHACHA 24

Gearin fhostaithe 24

Dmhadh citimh 24

Citeamh sna Cirteanna Sibhialta 26

Conas gearn a thionscnamh le Coimisinir um Chearta 26

6. NS IMEACHTA ACHOMHAIRC LE hAGHAIDH ASBHAINTNEAMHDHLEATHACHA 26

Achomharc in aghaidh chinneadh Choimisinir um Chearta 26

Conas achomharc a thionscnamh leis an mBinse AchomharcFostaochta 26

Achomharc leis an Ard-Chirt 28

7. ASBHAINT (AGUS OCAOCHTA) LASMUIGH DE NOSIMEACHTA GEARN AN ACHTA 28

8. BREITHEANNA AGUS CINNTE A CHUR I bhFEIDHM 30

9. MONATIREACHT AR CHOMHLONADH AN ACHTA 30

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Payments by an employee to an employer 23

The supply of goods or services generally 23

Deficiency in or non-payment of wages 23

5. COMPLAINTS PROCEDURE FOR UNLAWFUL

DEDUCTIONS 25

Complaints by employees 25Award of compensation 25

Compensation in the Civil Courts 27

How to initiate a complaint 27

6. APPEAL PROCEDURE FOR UNLAWFUL DEDUCTIONS 27

Appeal from decision of a Rights Commissioner 27

How to initiate an appeal to the Employment Appeals Tribunal 27

Appeal to High Court 29

7. DEDUCTIONS (AND PAYMENTS) OUTSIDE THECOMPLAINTS PROCEDURE OF THE ACT 29

8. ENFORCING DECISIONS AND DETERMINATIONS 31

9. MONITORING COMPLIANCE WITH THE ACT 31

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10. SOCRUITHE IDIRTHRIMHSEACHA 32

Fostaithe a ocadh in airgead tirim roimh an Acht 32

Comhaontuithe faoin Acht um oc P, 1979 32

Socruithe arna ndanamh tar is don Acht teachti bhfeidhm 32

11. COMHAONTUITHE NACH bhFUIL DE RIR AN ACHTA 34

12. NTA FAOI NA TRUCK ACTS 34

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10. TRANSITIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 33

Employees paid in cash prior to the Act. 33

Agreements under Payment of Wages Act, 1979 33

Agreements made after the Act comes into operation 33

11. AGREEMENTS NOT IN ACCORD WITH THE ACT 35

12. NOTE ON THE TRUCK ACTS 35

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AN tACHT UM OC P, 1991

1. ACHOIMRE AR AN ACHT AGUS A RIMSE

Na promhfhorlacha

1.1 Leagtar sos den chad uair faoin Acht um oc P, 1991, rimsecearta do gach fosta, i dtaca le hoc p. Is iad na promhchearta a leagtarsos san Acht n:

ceart ar mhodh inchaibidl go ridh chun p a oc, ceart ar riteas i scribhinn i dtaobh p agus asbhaint, agus

cosaint i gcoinne asbhaint neamhdhleathacha as p.

1.2 Forlann an tAcht go mbeidh an ceart chun gearn a dhanamh leCoimisinir um Chearta ag fosta ar bith a ndearnadh goneamhdhleathach asbhaint as a ph. T ceart ar fil don fhostir n donfhosta achomharc a dhanamh leis an mBinse Achomharc Fostaochta igcoinne chinneadh Choimisinir um Chearta.

1.3 Faoin Acht ceaptar oifigigh daraithe ag an Aire Post, Fiontar

leith gach coire.

1.4 Thinig an tAcht um oc P, 1991, i bhfeidhm ar an 1 Eanir 1992.T socruithe idirthrimhseacha ann dfhostaithe ar ocadh a bp leo, artheacht i bhfeidhm don Acht, in airgead tirim n ar shl seachas in airgeadtirim de bhua comhaontaithe a rinneadh faoin Acht um oc P, 1979.

Na hearnlacha fosta a mbaineann an tAcht leo - alt 1

1.5 Baineann an chosaint a sholthratear faoin Acht le haon duine at

ag obair faoin chonradh fostaochta n printseachta, fostaithe tr ghnomhaireacht fostaochta n tr fhochonraitheoir agus

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agus

uasmhid na fnela a ghearrtar, ar a chiont go hachomair, n 1,000 i

fidir leis an Aire an dl a chur ar phirt ar bith i leith coire faoin Acht. Is

u la ochta lena chinnti go gcuirtear na forlacha i bhfeidhm. IsN


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1. SUMMARY OF THE ACT AND ITS SCOPE

Main provisions

1.1 The Payment of Wages Act, 1991 establishes for the first time arange of rights for all employees relating to the payment of wages. Thekey rights established in the Act are:

a right to a readily negotiable mode of wage payment, a right to a written statement of wages and deductions, and

protection against unlawful deductions from wages.

1.2 The Act provides a right of complaint to a Rights Commissioner forany employee who has had an unlawful deduction made from wages.There is a right of appeal for the employer or the employee from a decisionof a Rights Commissioner to the Employment Appeals Tribunal.

1.3 Authorised officers are appointed under the Act by the Minister for

provisions are observed. The Minister may prosecute any party for an

offence under the Act. The maximum fine on summary conviction is1,000 for each offence.

1.4 The Payment of Wages Act, 1991, came into operation on 1January, 1992. There are transitional arrangements for employees who,when the Act came into operation, were paid their wages in cash or by amode other than cash in accordance with an agreement under thePayment of Wages Act, 1979.

Categories of employee covered by the Act - section 1

1.5 The protections provided in the Act apply to any person

working under a contract of employment or apprenticeship, employed through an employment agency or through a

sub-contractor, and

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Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation for the purpose of ensuring that its


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ag fnamh i seirbhs an Stit (lena n-irtear comhalta denGharda Sochna agus de na Fsa Cosanta, sttseirbhsigh agusfostaithe daon dars itiil, bord slinte, dars poirt n coistegarmoideachais).

An bhr at le p faoin Acht - alt 1

1.6 Chun crocha an Achta, irtear mar ph na hocaochta seo aleanas:

gnth-bhunph chomh maith le haon ragobair, lintais sealoibre n ocaocht eile d leithid,

aon tille, bnas n comisin,

p ar bith saoire, breoiteachta n mithreachais,

brabs n ocaocht ar bith eile as obair (cib acu an faoingconradh fostaochta n ar shl eile a rinneadh), agus

aon suim is inochta le fosta in ionad fgra scoir fostiochta.

N irtear mar ph na hocaochta seo a leanas:

aon ocaocht chaiteachais a thabhaigh an fosta ag comhonadh afhostaochta d.

ocaocht ar bith mar phinsean, lintas n aisce i dtaca le bs, iras, n scor an fhosta n mar chiteamh as cailliint oifige,

ocaocht ar bith a bhaineann le hiomarcaocht an fhosta,

ocaocht ar bith leis an bhfosta seachas ina chil mar fhosta,agus

aon ocaocht le hbhar in ionad airgid n sochar comchineil.

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in the service of the State (including members of the GardaSiochana and the Defence Forces, civil servants and employeesof any local authority, health board, harbour authority or vocationaleducation committee).

Meaning of wages in the Act - section 1

1.6 For the purposes of the Act, the following payments are regarded aswages:

normal basic pay as well as any overtime, shift allowances or other similar payments,

any fee, bonus or commission,

any holiday, sick or maternity pay,

any other return or payment for work (whether made under thecontract of employment or otherwise), and

any sum payable to an employee in lieu of notice of termination ofemployment.

The following payments are not regarded as wages:

any payment of expenses incurred by the employee in carrying outhis/her employment,

any payment by way of a pension, allowance or gratuity inconnection with the death, retirement or resignation of theemployee or as compensation for loss of office,

any payment referable to the employees redundancy,

any payment to the employee otherwise than in his/her capacityas an employee, and

any payment in kind or benefit in kind.

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2. MODHANNA CHUN P A OC

Na promh-mhodhanna is inghlactha go dseathach chun p a oc- alt 2(1)

2.1 Sonraonn an tAcht raon modhanna is inghlactha go dleathachchun p a oc. Folaonn siad:*

Seic arna tharraingt ar cheann ar bith de na baincDracht bainc trchtla n ar Bhanc Taisce Iontaobhais

Ord Inochta arna eisiint ag Aire Rialtais,Barntas dars Poibl, etc.

Ord PoistOrd Airgid arna eisiint ag n arnaOrd Inochta tharraingt ar An PostBarntas

Aistri Chuig cuntas arna shonr ag an bhfostaCreidmheasa

Airgead Tirim

Socruithe speisialta i gcs stailceanna bainc, etc. - alt 2(2)

2.2 Caithfidh fostir socruithe eile a dhanamh chun p a oc i gcs gogcuireann stailc n beart tionsclaoch eile isteach ar institiid airgeadaisagus de thoradh air sin, nach bhfuil airgead tirim ar fil go hascadfhostaithe a n-octar a bp leo ar shl seachas in airgead tirim. I gcinsd leithid is fidir p a oc, le haont an fhosta, ar cheann eile de namodhanna is inghlactha go dleathach chun p a oc (seachas in airgeadtirim) at liostilte ag alt 2(1) den Acht. Mar mhalairt air sin caithfidh anfostir an p a oc in airgead tirim.

* Lironn an liosta seo na gnthmhodhanna le hairgead a aistri chun crocha p.Cuimsonn an liosta at sonraithe in alt 2 den Acht modhanna eile nach n-sidtear chomhcoitianta sin chun airgead a aistri. Is modhanna iad at inghlactha go dleathach chun p aoc ach fgtar ar lr sa leabhrn seo iad ar mhaithe le giorracht.

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2 MODES OF WAGE PAYMENT

Main legally acceptable modes of wage payment - section 2(1)

2.1 The Act specifies a range of legally acceptable modes of wagepayment. They include:*

Cheque drawn on any of the commercial banksBank Draft or a Trustee Savings Bank

Payable issued by a Minister of theOrder Warrant Government, a public authority etc.

Postal OrderMoney Order issued by or drawn onPaying Order An PostWarrant

Credit transfer to an account specified by the employee

CashSpecial arrangements in the case of strikes in banks etc. -

section 2(2)

2.2 Employers are required to make alternative arrangements for wagepayment where a strike or other industrial action affects a financialinstitution and as a result of which cash is not readily available toemployees who are paid wages other than in cash. In such circumstances,wages may be paid with the employees consent by another one of thelegally acceptable modes of wage payment (other than cash) listed insection 2(1) of the Act. Otherwise, the employer must pay the wages incash.

*Listed here are all the normal modes of money transfer for wage purposes. The list specifiedin section 2 of the Act may include other less common modes of money transfer which,though legally acceptable modes of wage payment, are excluded from this booklet for thesake of brevity.

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3. CEART AR RITEAS P I SCRBHINN - alt 4

3.1 Caithfidh fostir a shocr go dtabharfar riteas p i scrbhinn dogach fosta le gach ocaocht ph. M octar p tr aistri creidmheasa, bachir an riteas p a thabhairt don fhosta go gairid tar is don aistricreidmheasa a bheith curtha i gcrch. I ngach cs eile, caithfidh an riteasp bheith istigh leis an ocaocht ph.

3.2 Caithfidh gach riteas p an mid comhln p is inochta leis anbhfosta a thaispeint agus cinel agus mid gach asbhainte a thabhairtina mreanna. Faoin Acht leagtar dualgas ar an bhfostir an teolas at i

riteas p a choimed faoi rn. Is riteas p dlisteanach riteas p inabhfuil earrid n easnamh ms fidir a thaispeint gur dearmadclireachais is cis leis an earrid n leis an easnamh n seachas sin, gurde thionisc agus de mheon macnta a tharla s.

4. ASBHAINT AS P AGUS OCAOCHTA LEIS ANbhFOSTIR - alt 5

Asbhaint dleathacha (agus ocaochta leis an bhfostir) as p -alt 5(1)

4.1 Faoin Acht ceadatear dfhostir na hasbhaint seo a leanas adhanamh (n na hocaochta seo a leanas a fhil) as p an fhosta:

aon asbhaint (n ocaocht) a iltear n a daratear faoin dl(m.s. MAT n SPC),

aon asbhaint (n ocaocht) a iltear n a daratear faoi tharmachonradh an fhosta (m.s. rannoca irithe faoi scim pinseanceirde n easnaimh irithe sa scipad airgid), n

aon asbhaint a bhfuil aontaithe roimh r leo ag an bhfosta (m.s.sntiis do cheardchumann n primheanna SS).

Srianta ar asbhaint irithe (n ocaochta) - alt 5(2)

4.2 Leagtar srianta speisialta ar fhostir i dtaca le hasbhaint (n filocaochta) as p, a:

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3. RIGHT TO A WRITTEN STATEMENT OF WAGES - section 4

3.1 Employers must arrange that a written statement of wages be givento every employee with every payment of wages. If wages are paid bycredit transfer, the statement of wages should be given to the employee assoon as possible after the credit transfer has taken place. In every othercase, the statement of wages must accompany the wage payment.

3.2 Each statement of wages must show the gross amount of thewages payable to the employee and itemise the nature and amount ofeach deduction. The Act places an obligation on the employer to treat the

information contained in a pay statement with confidentiality. A statementof wages which includes an error or omission is a valid statement of wagesproviding it can be shown that the error or omission was due to a clericalmistake or was made otherwise accidentally and in good faith.

4 DEDUCTIONS FROM WAGES AND PAYMENTS TOEMPLOYER - section 5

Valid deductions (and payments to the employer) from wages -section 5(1)

4.1 The Act allows an employer to make the following deductions (orreceive the following payments) from the wages of an employee:

any deduction (or payment) required or authorised by law (e.g.PAYE or PRSI),

any deduction (or payment required or authorised by a term of theemployees contract (e.g. some occupational pensions schemecontributions or particular till shortages), or

any deduction agreed to in writing in advance by the employee(e.g. trade union subscriptions or VHI premia).

Restrictions on certain deductions (or payments) - section 5(2)

4.2 Special restrictions are placed on employers in relation todeductions (or the receipt of payments) from wages which:

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(a) eascraonn as aon ghnomh n fhaill de chuid an fhosta (m.s.

easnamh sa scipad airgid, droch-cheardaocht, brisinais) n(b) a bhaineann le solthar, don fhosta, ag an bfostir, earra n seirbhs

at riachtanach don fhostaocht (m.s. solthar n glanadh id)

Caithfidh aon asbhaint (n ocaocht) as p den chinel at luaite ag(a) n (b) na coinnollacha seo a leanas a chomhlonadh:

(i) caithfidh foril a bheith danta sa chonradh fostaochta don asbhaint(n ocaocht leis an bhfostir) i dtarma cib acu is tarma sainriten intuighte agus, ms tarma sainrite , cib acu is tarma bhal

n i scrbhinn ,

(ii) caithfidh mid na hasbhainte (n iocaocht leis an bhfostir) as pbheith cothrom rasnta ag fachaint do na cins ar fad ar a n-iritearan mid p at ag an bhfosta,

(iii) n folir sonra i scribhinn i dtaobh na dtarma sa chonradhfostaochta a bhaineann le hasbhaint (n ocaocht leis an bhfostir)as p a bheith tugta don fhosta am igin roimh an ngnomh n anbhfaill n roimh sholthar na n-earra n na seirbhs. I gcs go bhfuil

conradh scrofa ann, n folir cip de tharma an chonartha abhaineann leis an asbhaint (no ocaocht) a thabhairt don fhosta. Inaon chs eile, n folir fgra i scribhinn a thabhairt don fhosta faointarma a bheith ann agus faoin ifeacht at leis.

Srianta breise ar asbhaint (n ocaochta) i leith ghnomhaochtano faillocha an fhosta - 5(2)

4.3 Asbhaint ar bith (n ocaocht leis an bhfostir) a eascraonn as aonghnomh n fhaill de chuid an fhosta, caithfidh s, chomh maith leis naceanglais at luaite ag (i) go (iii) dalt 4.2 a chomhlonadh, nacoinnollacha seo a leanas a shsamh freisin:

(iv) n folir sonra i scribhinn faoin ngnomh n faoin bhfaill agus faoimhid na hasbhainte (n ocaochta) a thabhairt don fhosta seachtainamhin ar a laghad sula ndantar an asbhaint (n ocaocht),

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(a) arise from any act or omission of the employee (e.g. till shortages, bad

workmanship, breakages) or(b) are in respect of the supply to the employee by the employer of goods

or services which are necessary to the employment (e.g. the provisionor cleaning of uniforms).

Any deduction (or payment) from wages of the kinds described at (a) or(b) must satisfy the following conditions:

(i) the deduction (or payment to the employer) must be provided for in thecontract of employment in a term whether express or implied and, if

express, whether oral or in writing,

(ii) the amount of the deduction (or payment to the employer) from wagesmust be fair and reasonable having regard to all the circumstancesincluding the amount of the wages of the employee,

(iii) the employee must be given at some time prior to the act or omissionor the provision of the goods or services, written details of the terms inthe contract of employment governing the deduction (or payment tothe employer) from wages. When a written contract exists, a copy of

the term of the contract which provides for the deduction (or payment)must be given to the employee. In any other case, the employee mustbe given written notice of the existence and effect of the term.

Additional restrictions on deductions (or payments) for acts oromissions of the employee - section 5(2)

4.3 Any deduction (or payment to the employer) arising from any act oromission of an employee, in addition to meeting the requirements set outat (i) to (iii) of paragraph 4.2, must satisfy the following conditions:

(iv) the employee must be given particulars in writing of the act or omissionand the amount of the deduction (or payment) at least one week beforethe deduction (or payment) is made,

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(v) n folir an asbhaint (n ocaocht) a dhanamh trth nach dana ns (6) mh tar is don fhostir eolas a fhil faoin ngnomh n faoinbhfaill. Ms g, fach, sraith asbhaint (n ocaochta) a dhanamhi leith gnmh n faill ar leith, n folir an chad asbhaint n ocaocht satsraith a dhanamh laistigh den trimhse s mh.

Srianta breise ar asbhaint (n ocaochta) i leith caillteanais ndamiste - alt 5(2)

4.4 I gcs go ndanann fostir asbhaint as p (n go bhfaigheann socaocht n bhfosta) mar chiteamh leis as cailltenas n damiste aeascraonn as aon ghnomh n fhaill de chuid an fhosta, n folir don

asbhaint na coinnollacha at leagtha sos ag (i) go (v) de mhreanna 4.2agus 4.3 a shsamh. Ina theannta sin caithfidh:

(vi) mid na hasbhainte (n na hocaochta) gan bheith nos m n ancaillteanas n an damiste a dfhulaing an fostir.

Fadfar finneil smachta, i gcs go bhfuil foril danta d leithid sachonradh, a asbhaint chomh maith le hasbhaint i leith caillteanais ndamiste. Bheadh fineil ar bith d leithid faoi rir na gcoinnollacha atleaghta sos ag (i) go (v) de mhreanna 4.2 to 4.3

Srianta breise ar asbhaint (n ocaochta) i leith earra nseirbhs irithe - alt 5(2)

4.5 Caithfidh aon asbhaint (n ocaocht leis an bhfostir) as p i leithsolthar don fhosta earra n seirbhs at riachtanach don fhostaocht naceanglais at leaghta sos ag (i) go (iii) dalt 4.2 a chomhlonadh. Inatheannta sin caithfidh aon asbhaint (n ocaocht) d leithid nacoinnollacha seo a leanas a shsamh:

(iv) caithfidh nach mbeidh an asbhaint (n ocaocht) nos m n an costasar an bhfostir a bhain le solthar earra agus seirbhs. Is sin le r,nor cheart go mbeadh brabs le fil ag an bhfostir as dol na n-earran seirbhis leis an bhfosta,

(v) n folir an asbhaint (n ocaocht) a dhanamh trth nach dana ns (6) mh tar is solthar na n-earra n seirbhs don fhosta.

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(v) the deduction (or payment), must be made no later than 6 months afterthe act or omission became known to the employer. However, if aseries of deductions (or payments) are to be made in respect of aparticular act or omission, the first deduction (or payment) in the seriesmust be made within the 6 month period.

Additional restrictions on deductions (or payments) for loss ordamage - section 5(2)

4.4 Where an employer makes a deduction from wages (or receives apayment from the employee) to compensate for loss or damage arisingfrom any act or omission of the employee, the deduction must comply with

the conditions set down at (i) to (v) of paragraphs, 4.2 and 4.3. In addition,the deduction (or payment):

(vi) must be of an amount not exceeding the loss or damage sustained bythe employer,

A disciplinary fine, where provision for such is made in the contract, maybe deducted as well as a deduction for loss or damages. Any such finewould, of course, be subject to the conditions set down at (i) to (v) inparagraphs 4.2 and 4.3.

Additional restrictions on deductions (or payments) for certaingoods or services - section 5(2)

4.5 Any deduction (or payment to the employer) from wages for thesupply to the employee of goods or services which are necessary to theemployment must meet with the requirements set out at (i) to (iii) ofparagraph 4.2. In addition, any such deduction (or payment) must complywith the following conditions:

(iv) the deduction (or payment) must not exceed the cost to the employerof providing the goods or services. In other words, the employershould not stand to profit by the sale of the goods or services to theemployee,

(v) the deduction (or payment) must be made no later than 6 months afterthe supply of the goods or services to the employee.

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Ms g, fach, sraith asbhaint (n ocaochta) a dhanamh i leith

solthar earra n seirbhse ar leith, n mr an chad asbhaint (nocaocht) sa tsraith a dhanamh laistigh den trimhse s mh.

ocaochta a dhanann fosta le fostir - alt 5(3)

de na nithe at luaite ag (a) n (b) de mhr 4.2, bheith ssta ar dts gobhfuil an ocaocht dleathach. Nuair a ghlacann an fostir an ocaochtcaithfidh s/s admhil a eisiint i leith na hocaochta don fhosta.

Solthar earra n seirbhs i gcoitinne - alt 5(4)

4.7 Fadfaidh conradh fostaochta a fhoril go solthrfar earra nseirbhs dfosta ag fostir agus go ndanfar asbhaint as p (n ocaochtag an bhfosta leis an bhfostir) i leith na n-earra n na seirbhs sin. Nfidir leis an bhfostir foril d leithid sa chonradh fostaochta a chur ibhfeidhm i gcs, mar shampla, go gcinneann an fosta nach dteastaonn

na hearra n na seirbhs sin uaid/uaithi a thuilleadh. N bhaineann anfhoril seo, fach, le tarma conartha i dtaca le hearra n seirbhs denchinel a luaitear ag (b) de mhr 4.2. Is ceadaithe don fhostir, mar sin,asbhaint (n ocaochta) i leith a solthar a chur i bhfeidhm sa gnthshl.

Easnamh sa ph n neamh-oc - alt 5(6)

4.8 Fachfar ar neamh-oc p n ar easnamh ar bith i mid an ph atinochta cheart ag fostir le fosta ar cid ar bith, mar asbhaintneamhdhleathach as p mura suitear gur dearmad irimh ba chis leis aneasnamh n leis an neamh-oc.

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However, if a series of deductions (or payments) are to be made in

respect of the supply of a particular good or service, the first deduction(or payment) in the series must be made within the 6 month period.

Payments by an employee to an employer - section 5(3)

4.6 An employer who accepts a payment from an employee in respectof any of the matters described at (a) or (b) of paragraph 4.2, must first besatisfied that the payment is lawful. When the employer accepts thepayment, he/she must immediately issue a receipt for the payment to the

employee.

The supply of goods or services generally - section 5(4)

4.7 A contract of employment may provide for the supply of goods orservices by an employee to an employer and for the making of a deductionfrom wages (or payment by the employee to the employer) in respect ofthose goods or services. Such a provision in the contract of employment

cannot be enforced by the employer where, for example, the employeedecides that he/she no longer requires the goods or services provided.However, a term of a contract relating to goods or services of the naturedescribed at (b) of paragraph 4.2 is not subject to this provision.Accordingly, deductions (or payments) arising from their supply may beenforced by the employer in the normal way.

Deficiency in or non-payment of wages - section 5(6)

4.8 Non-payment of wages or any deficiency in the amount of wagesproperly payable by an employer to an employee on any occasion will beregarded as an unlawful deduction from wages unless the deficiency ornon-payment is attributable to an error of computation.

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5. NS IMEACHTA GEARN I LEITH ASBHAINTNEAMHDHLEATHACHA - alt 6

Gearin fhostaithe

5.1 Is fidir le fosta a dhanamh le Coimisinir um Chearta mfheictear go ndearna an fostir asbhaint neamhdhleathach (n gur ilighs ocaocht neamhdhleathach) as p. Caithfear gearn a chur faoi bhridChoimisinir um Chearta Iaistigh de s (6) mh dhta na hasbhainte (nna hocaochta) as ar eascair an gearn. M t an Coimisinir um Cheartassta go bhfuil cins eisceachtla i gceist, fadfaidh s cinneadh ar antrimhse seo a fhad suas le s mh eile.

5.2 Chomh luath agus a gheobhaidh an Coimisinir um Cheartagearn, cuifidh s cip dfhgra an ghearin chuig an fostir. Tabharfaidhs deis ansin do na pirtithe isteacht a fhil uaidh agus aon fhianaise abhaineann leis an ngearn a chur faoina bhrid. Tar is d na pirtithe aisteacht, tabharfaidh s breith i scrbhinn ar an ngearn agus cuirfidh san d phirt ar an eolas faoin toradh. Is go poibl a bheidh na himeachtaos comhair an Choimisinara um Chearta mura gcinneann an Coimisinirum Chearta a mhalairt an iarratas cheann de na pirtithe don ghearn.

Dmhadh citimh - alt 6(2)

5.3 M chineann an Coimisinir um Chearta go bhfuil buns maithfaoin ngearn ordidh s don fhostir citeamh a oc leis an bhfosta. Is an t-uasmhid citimh, is fidir leis an gCoimisinir um Chearta adhmhadh n:

(a) an p glan, tar is na an-asbhaint dleathacha ar fad a bheadh ochtaag an bhfosta sa tseachtain dreach roimh dhta na hasbhainteneamhdhleatha (n m bhain an gearn le hocaocht, an p glan a

ocadh leis an bhfosta i leith na seachtaine dreach roimh dhta nahocaochta), n

(b) ms m mid na hasbhainte (n na hocaochta) n an p atsonraithe ag (a), dh oiread na hasbhainte (n na hocaochta).

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5 COMPLAINTS PROCEDURE FOR UNLAWFUL DEDUCTIONS- section 6

Complaints by employees 5.1 An employee may complain to Workplace Relations Customer

Services if it appears that the employer has made an unlawfuldeduction (or required an unlawful payment) from wages. A complaintmust be presented to Workplace Relations Customer Services within 6months ofthe date of the deduction (or payment)which gave rise to thecomplaint. If the Rights Commissioner is satisfiedthat there are exceptionalcircumstances he/she may decide to extend theperiod for up to a further

6 months.

5.2 The Rights Commissioner on receipt of a complaint will send a copyof the notice of complaint to the employer. He/she will then give the partiesan opportunity to be heard by him/her and to present to him/her anyevidence relevant to the complaint. After hearing the parties, he/she willgive a decision in writing in relation to it and let both parties know theoutcome. Proceedings before the Rights Commissioner will be in publicunless the Rights Commissioner decides otherwise at the request of oneof the parties to the complaint.

Award of compensation - section 6(2)

5.3 If the Rights Commissioner decides that a complaint is wellfounded, he/she shall order the employer to pay compensation to theemployee. The maximum compensation which the Rights Commissionercan award is:

(a) the net wage, after all lawful deductions, that would have been paid tothe employee in respect of the week immediately preceding the

unlawful deduction (or if the complaint related to a payment, the netwages that were paid to the employee in respect of the weekimmediately preceding the date of the payment), or

(b) if the amount of the deduction (or payment) is greater than the wagespecified at (a), twice the amount of the deduction (or payment).

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Citeamh sna Cirteanna Sibhialta - alt 6(3)

5.4 Fadfaidh fosta dmhnachtain a fhil, i leith aon asbhainte nocaochta neamhdhleatha ar leith, in imeachta os comhair Choimisinirum Chearta n os comhair na gCirteanna ach n os a gcomhair araon.

Conas gearn a thonscnamh le Coimisinir um Chearta

5.5 Is fidir gearn a dhanamh leis an gCoimisinir um Chearta achfgra ina leith a thabhairt d i scribhinn ar an bhfoirm chu. T an fhoirm arfil n tSeirbhs Choimisinir um Chearta, Coimisin um Chaidreamh

Oibreachais, Teach Thoms Mac Sein, Bthar Haddington, th Cliath 4(Fn 6608444).

6. NS IMEACHTA ACHOMHAIRC LE hAGHAIDH ASBHAINTNEAMHDHLEATHACHA - alt 7

Achomharc in aghaidh chinneadh Choimisinir um Chearta

6.1 Is fidir le fostir n fosta achomharc a dhanamh leis an mBinseAchomharc Fostaochta in aghaidh chinneadh Choimisinir um Chearta.

Caithfear achomharc a dhanamh laistigh de s (6) sheachtain n dta achuir an Coimisinir um Chearta a bhreith in il do na pirtithe.

6.2 Chomh luath agus a gheobhaidh an Binse an t-achomharc,tabharfadh s deis isteachta do na pirtithe, agus deis fianaise ar bith abhaineann leis an achomharc a chur faoina bhrid. Danfaidh s cinneadhi scribhinn i dtaca leis an achomharc ag deimhni, ag athr n ag cur arneamhn cinneadh an Choimisinara um Chearta. Coinnonn an BinseAchomharc Fostaochta Clr gach cinneadh. Is fidir an Clr sin a scrdle linn uaire oifige.

Conas achomharc a thionscnamh leis an mBinse AchomharcFostaochta

6.3 Fadfaidh an pirt lena mbaineann achomharc a dhanamh trfgra faoin achomharc a thabhairt i scribhinn don Bhinse AchomharcFostaochta, 65A Bthar Adelaide, B.A.C. 2 agus daon phirt eile don

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Compensation in the Civil Courts - section 6(3)

5.4 An employee may obtain an award, in respect of any particularunlawful deduction or payment, in proceedings either before a RightsCommissioner or before the Courts but not before both.

How to initiate a complaint

5.5 A complaint to the Workplace Relations Customer Services maybe made by givinghim/her notice of it in writing on the appropriate form.The form is availablefrom Workplace Relations Customer Serviceswebsite (www.workplacerelations.ie).

6. APPEAL PROCEDURE FOR UNLAWFUL DEDUCTIONS -section 7

Appeal from decision of a Rights Commissioner

6.1 An employer or an employee may appeal to the EmploymentAppeals Tribunal from a decision of a Rights Commissioner. An appealmust be made within 6 weeks of the date when the Rights Commissioner

communicated the decision to the parties.

6.2 On receipt of an appeal, the Tribunal will give the parties anopportunity to be heard by it and to present to it any evidence relevant tothe appeal and will make a determination in writing in relation to the appealaffirming, varying or setting aside the decision of the RightsCommissioner. A Register of determinations is maintained by theEmployment Appeals Tribunal and may be inspected during office hours.

How to initiate an appeal to the Employment Appeals Tribunal

6.3 An appeal may be made by the party concerned by giving notice ofthe appeal in writing both to the Employment Appeals Tribunal, 65AAdelaide Road, Dublin 2 and to any other party to the appeal. Regulationsgoverning the appeals procedure, including the information to becontained in the notice of appeal, are contained in the Payment of

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achomharc chomh maith. T rialachin a bhaineann leis an ns imeachta

achomhairc folaithe san Rialachin um oc P (Achomhairc) 1991 (I.R.Uimh 351 1991). Is fidir cipeanna de na Rialachin seo a cheannach nOifig Dolta Foilseachin Rialtais, Srid Theach Laighean, Baile thaCliath 2. Is fidir cipeanna den fhgra achomhairc a fhil n RoinnPost, F ontar agus Nulaochta, 65A Bthar Adelaide, B.A.C 2.

Achomharc leis an Ard-Chirt - alt 7(4)

6.4 Is fidir le pirt amhin dimeachta at os comhair an BhinseAchomharc Fostaochta achomharc a dhanamh leis an Ard-Chirt arphointe dl i gcoinne chinneadh an Bhinse.

7. ASBHAINT (AGUS OCAOCHTA) LASMUIGH DE NSIMEACHTA GEARN AN ACHTA - alt 5(5)

Ni bhaineann ns imeachta gearn an Achta le:

o Asbhaint Reachtla - asbhaint as p arna leagan de chram ar anbhfostir faoi aon fhoril reachtil, ord cirte, etc. (m.s. MAT, SPC nOrd Astaithe Tuillimh). Fanann an cinel seo asbhainte lasmuigh derimse ns imeachta na ngearn chomh fada agus a dhantar an asbhaintfaoi chinneadh an daris chu.

oAsbhaint a octar trasna le tri pirt- asbhaint as p ocann an fortirtrasna le tri pirt cib acu an de rir tarma an chonartha fostaochta nle ramhaont i scribhinn an fhosta (m.s sntiis cheardchumainn,primheanna SS, rannoca do ghrpscim coigiltis, etc. Fanann ancinel seo asbhainte lasmuigh de rimse an ns imeachta gearn chomhfada agus a ocann an fostir an mid ceart trasna leis an tri pirt faoindta cu.

o Asbhainti (no ocaochta) chun r-ocaochta a aisghabhil -asbhaint as p fosta (n ocaocht ar bith a fhaigheann fostir fhosta)dfhonn r-ocaocht ph n chaiteachais a chiteamh leis an bhfostir.Fanann an cinel seo asbhainte lasmuigh de rimse an ns imeachtageann murar m mid na hasbhainte (n na hocaochta) n mid nar-ocaochta.

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Wages (Appeals) Regulations, 1991 (S.I. No. 351 of 1991) Copies of these

Regulations may be purchased from the Government Publications SaleOffice, Molesworth Street, Dublin 2. Copies of the notice of appeal formmay be obtained from the Department of Jobs, Enterprise and

Appeal to High Court - section 7(4)

6.4 A party to proceedings before the Employment Appeals Tribunalmay appeal to the High Court on a point of law from a determination of theTribunal.

7. DEDUCTIONS (AND PAYMENTS) OUTSIDE THECOMPLAINTS PROCEDURE OF THE ACT - section 5(5)

The complaints procedure of the Act does not apply to:

o Statutory Deductions - a deduction from wages imposed on theemployer by any statutory provision, court order, etc. (e.g. PAYE, PRSI oran Attachment of Earnings Order). This kind of deduction remains outsidethe scope of the complaints procedure providing the deduction is made in

accordance with the determination of the appropriate authority.

o Deductions Paid over to a third party - a deduction from wages whichthe employer pays over to a third person, either in accordance with theterms of the contract of employment or with the prior consent in writing ofthe employee (e.g. trade union subscriptions, VHI premia, contributions toa group savings scheme, etc.). this kind of deduction remains outside thescope of the complaints procedure providing the employer pays thecorrect amount over to the third party by the appropriate date.

oDeductions (or payments) to recoup overpayments - a deductionfrom the wages of an employee (or any payment received from an

employee by an employer) for the purpose of reimbursing the employer forany overpayment of wages or expenses. This kind of deduction remainsoutside the scope of the complaints procedure providing the amount of thededuction (or payment) does not exceed the amount of the overpayment.

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thionsclaoch - asbhaint as p fosta (n ocaocht ar bith a fhaigheann anfostir fhosta) toisc gur ghlac an fosta pirt i stailc n i ngnomhaochtthionsclaoch eile.

o Imeachta reachtla smachta - asbhaint as p fosta (n ocaocht arbith a fhaigheann fostir fhosta) de thoradh ar aon imeachta smeachta,m tionscnaodh na himeachta sin faoi fhoril reachtil (m.s. Rialachinan Gharda Sochna (Araonacht), 1989).

o Asbhaint (n ocaochta) a eascraonn as Orduithe irithe Cirte -asbhaint arna danamh ag fostir as p fosta le ramchead uaidh iscrbhinn (n ocaocht igin a fhaigheann fostir fhosta) agcomhlonadh d (go hiomln n i bpirt) ordaithe cirte n binse faoinan-iltear go n-ocfadh an fosta suim igin leis an bhfostir. Is at i gceistleis an doline seo n an cs eisceachtil inar dhmh cirt damistdfhostir i gcoinne fosta i gcins at bainteach bfhidir leis an ngaolfrostaochta m.s. timpiste gluaistein a bhaineann leis an d phirt.

8. BREITHEANNA AGUS CINNTE A CHUR I bhFEIDHM - alt 8

Fadfaidh breith Choimisinir um Chearta n cinneadh de chuid anBhinse Achomharc Fostaochta dta a shonr faoina gcaithfear an bhreithn an cinneadh a chur i bhfeidhm. Mura bhuil dta ar bith sonraithe,caithfear an bhreith n an cinneadh a chur i gcrch laistigh de s (6)sheachtain. Mura ndantar achomharch i gcoinne breithe n cinnte agusmura gcuireann an pirt lena mbaineann i bhfeidhm faoin dta at dlite,fadfaidh an pirt eile an bhreith n cinneadh a chur i bhfeidhm amhail isd mba ord de chuid na Cirte Cuarda .

9. MONATIREACHT AR CHOMHLONADH AN ACHTA - alt 9

Danann oifigigh daraithe arna gceapadh ag an Aire Post, Fiontaragus Nulaochta monatireach ar chomhlonadh an Achta. T cumhachtag na hoifigigh seo dul isteach in itreabh, cipis a scrd, aguscipeanna a dhanamh dobh agus a ileamh go dtabharfaidh duine arbith faisnis chu. Beidh duine ar bith a choisceann n a chuireann bac

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o Asbhaint (n ocaochta) a eascraonn as gnomhaocht


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o Deductions (or payments) arising from industrial action - a deductionfrom the wages of an employee (or any payment received from anemployee by an employer) on account of the employees having taken partin a strike or other industrial action.

o Statutory disciplinary proceedings - a deduction from the wages of anemployee (or any payment received from an employee by an employer) inconsequence of any disciplinary proceedings if those proceedings areheld by virtue of a statutory provision (e.g. the Garda Siochana (Discipline)Regulations, 1989).

o Deductions (or payments) arising from certain Court Orders - adeduction made by an employer from wages with the prior consent inwriting of the employee (or any payment received from an employee by anemployer) in satisfaction (whether wholly or in part) of an Order of a Courtor Tribunal requiring the payment of any amount by the employee to theemployer. This exception deals with the exceptional case where a Courthas awarded damages to an employer against an employee incircumstances which may be incidental to the employment relationshipe.g. a car accident involving the parties.

8. ENFORCING DECISIONS AND DETERMINATIONS - section 8

A decision of a Rights Commissioner or a determination of theEmployment Appeals Tribunal may specify a date before which thedecision or determination must be carried out. If no date is specified, thedecision or determination must be carried out within 6 weeks. If a decisionor determination is not appealed and is not carried out by the due date bythe party concerned, the other party may enforce the decision ordetermination in the same manner as an Order of the Circuit Court.

9. MONITORING COMPLIANCE WITH THE ACT - section 9

Authorised officers appointed by the Minister forJobs, Enterprise and

to enter premises, inspect documents and take copies of them

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ar oifigeach daraithe ag comhonadh dualgais na fostaochta d.di

ciointach i gcoir agus dlifear, ar / a chiont go hachomair, fneil nach mn 1269.74 (1,000) a ghearradh air/uirthi.

10. SOCRUITHE IDIRTHRIMHSEACHA - alt 3(2)

Fostaithe a ocadh in airgead tirim roimh an Acht

10.1 Leagann an tAcht sos socruithe idirthrimhseacha dfhostaithe aocadh in airgead tirim dreach roimh theacht i bhfeidhm don Acht. Tfosta d leithid i dteideal leanint de ph a fhil in airgead tirim go dt go

ndanann s/s comhaont leis an bhfostir i dtaca le p a oc ar cheannde na modhanna oca p is inghlactha go dleathach.*

Comhaontuite faoin Acht um oc P, 1979.

10.2 Cuirtear socruithe idirthrimhseacha ar fil freisin doibrithelimhe a rinne comhaontuithe faoi alt 3 den Acht um oc P 1979 i leith p aoc ar shl seachas in airgead tirim. Coinnonn na fostaithe sin an ceartchun dul ar ais chuig airgead tirim mar mhodh oca p faoi aonchomhaont d leithid a bh i bhfeidhm dreach roimh theacht i bhfeidhm

don Acht. Bheadh an ceart sin ar an mbonn ar ghlac ceachtar pir leistrth an chomhaontaithe. Faoin Acht um oc P, 1979 dfhadfa dul ar aisag deireach comhaontaithe chuig p in airgead tirim n i gcs nach bhfuildta deiridh socraithe sa chomhaont, tr is fgra ceithre sheachtain archeachtar taobh.

Socruithe arna ndanamh tar is don Acht teacht i bhfeidhm

10.3 Aon chomhaont a dhantar, tar is teacht i bhfeidhm don Achtum oc P, 1991, i dtaca le p a oc ar cheann de na modhanna oca p isinghlachta go dleathach, bheadh s lasmuigh de rimse na socruitheidirthrimhseacha.

* Is fidir na comhaontuithe seo faoi ph seachas in airgead tirim a dhanamh, tar is teacht ibhfeidhm don Act, idir fostir n eagraocht at ionadaitheach dfhostir (ar comhalta di anfostir) agus fosta n eagraocht at ionadaitheach dfhostaithe (ar comhalta di an fosta).

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and to require the giving by any person of relevant information. Any person

who impedes or obstructs an authorised officer in the performance of hisor her duties will be guilty of an offence and will be liable on summaryconviction of a fine not exceeding 1269.74 (1,000).

10. TRANSITIONAL ARRANGEMENTS - section 3(2)

Employees paid in cash prior to the Act

10.1 The Act provides transitional arrangements for employees whowere paid their wages in cash immediately before the coming into

operation of the Act. Such an employee is entitled to continue to receivecash wages until such time as he or she comes to an agreement with theemployer for the payment of wages by one of the legally acceptable modesof wage payment.*

Agreements under Payment of Wages Act, 1979

10.2 Transitional arrangements are also provided for manual workerswho entered into agreements under section 3 of the Payment of WagesAct, 1979 for the payment of wages otherwise than in cash. Theseemployees remain entitled to revert to cash wages under any suchagreement in force immediately before the coming into operation of theAct. The right to revert would be on the basis accepted between the partiesat the time of the agreement. The Payment of Wages Act, 1979 allowed forreversion to cash wages either at the end of an agreement or, where noend date is provided in the agreement, by four weeks notice on eitherparty.

Agreements made after the Act comes into operation

10.3 Any agreement made, after the coming into operation of the

Payment of Wages Act, 1991, for the payment of wages by one of thelegally acceptable modes of wage payment would, of course, be outsidethe scope of the transitional arrangements.

* Such agreements regarding non-cash wages may be made, after the coming into force ofthe Act, between the employer or an organisation representative of employers (of which theemployer is a member) and an employee or an organisation representative of employees (ofwhich the employee is a member)

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11. COMHAONTUITHE NACH bhFUIL DE RIR AN ACHTA -alt 11

Foril i gcomhaont (cib acu an conradh fostaochta n a mhalairt)arb is adihm d feidhmi forla ar bith den Acht a chosc n a theorannn at ar neamhrir leis an bhforil sin, beidh s ar neamhn.

12. NTA FAOI NA TRUCK ACTS - alt 3(1) agus Sceideal

Danann an tAcht seo na Truck Acts 1743 go 1896 agus an tAcht umoc P, 1979 a aisghairm.

Faoi na Truck Acts, bigean, ar shlite agsla, ocaocht a dhanamh lefostaithe in airgead ridh n i monadh reatha na rochta agusteorannaodh na cins ina bhfadfa asbhaint a dhanamh as p.Achtaodh na hAchtanna sin ar dts chun dileil le mchleachtais i dtacale p a oc le hoibrithe limhe, mar shampla, p a oc le hbhar in ionadairgid. Le tamall anuas thinig a bhforlacha chun bheith ina mbac armhodhanna nua-aimseartha oca p. Rinne an tAcht um oc P, 1979solthar do ph a oc le hoibrithe limhe ar shl seachas in airgead tirim trchomhaont idir oibrithe d leithid agus a bhfostir.

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11. AGREEMENTS NOT IN ACCORD WITH THE ACT -section 11

A provision in an agreement (whether it is contract of employment ornot) that purports to preclude or limit the application of, or is inconsistentwith, any provision of the Act will be void.

12. NOTE ON THE TRUCK ACTS - section 3(1) and schedule

The act repeals the Truck Acts, 1743 to 1896 and the Payment ofWages Act, 1979.

The Truck Acts variously required that manual workers should be paid inready money or in current coin of the realm and limited thecircumstances in which deductions might be made from wages. TheseActs were originally enacted to address abuses in the payment of wages tomanual workers, such as payment of wages in kind. In recent times, theirprovisions became a barrier to modern modes of wage payment. ThePayment of Wages Act, 1979 allowed for the payment of wages to manualworkers, otherwise than in cash, by agreement between such workers andtheir employers.

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Payment of Wages Act, 1991 Jan 2012

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Transcript of Payment of Wages Act, 1991 Jan 2012