Paula Meehan Faculty Day Poster
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Transcript of Paula Meehan Faculty Day Poster
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8/4/2019 Paula Meehan Faculty Day Poster
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Efficiency of Energy SystemsPaula Meehan, Dr. Stephen Daniels
Energy Design Lab, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, [email protected], [email protected]
Future WorkEven though this current research is early stage, several different methods of
differentiating between appliances have been identified. The next step is to investigate
these methods further. In particular the signals frequency information and how its
harmonic content varies throughout the day.
A procedure to apply a unique signature to each appliance will be developed and a
signature library built. The possibility of two identical devices having similar or different
signatures will have to be considered. Eventually, the automatic identification of which
devices are in operation will be achieved, through either steady state or event
detection analysis.
ConclusionAt first stage analysis it is possible to identify that each appliance has unique traits in
both the time and frequency domain. This gives promise for future work in this area, in
particular using frequency information to identify appliances.
Acknowledgements
Research ObjectivesTo develop a method of analysing an electrical power line and identifying which
appliances are in operation in real time and their condition. This will be achieved by
characterising current, voltage and phase difference information from each device in
the time and frequency domain.
LIntroductionToday, energy generation and consumption are highly topical issues, with an
emphasis placed on the importance of energy efficient devices. An important
aspect to be examined is how to decrease energy consumption and close the
energy gap.
A testing environment (Figure 1) containing common household appliances has
been set up in the Energy Design Lab. The model environment is being used to
simulate energy usage in the home. It will be aimed at reducing energy
consumption by providing real time data that can be used to alter behaviour and
usage patterns, and potentially the layout of facilities.
A measurement box is non-
invasively measuring the power
used by the appliances. Each
appliance can be reduced down
and represented by a basic
electrical load - resistive,
capacitive or inductive. The
characteristics of each type of
load will be measured,
modelled and used as a
fingerprint to identify whichappliances are being utilised.
Figure 1: Appliance Testing Environment
Design of ExperimentThe testing environment comprises of a number of different appliances (radiator,blender, fridge, TV, microwave) which represent a reduced set of a normal
household loads. The appliances are being used to simulate energy usage in the
home.
The measurement box (Figure 3)
measures the current and voltage
that the load is drawing. The
transduced current and voltage
are being measured by a data
acquisition device (DAQ). The
values are then read into the PC.
Using LabVIEW they are analysed
with respect to both time and
frequency. The current and
voltage waveforms are displayed
on the PC monitor in real time
and stored for analysis.
Each appliance can be reduced to
a specific type of load (containing
heating elements, transformers
and motors) and represented by
a simple circuit diagram (resistive,
capacitive or inductive). Each
type of load has associated
characteristics, for example active
or reactive power. So depending
on the appliance a certain current
waveform will be expected.
Current Voltage
Measurement Box
LabJack DAQ
LabVIEWNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS
Figure 2: Circuit Diagram
Figure 3: Measurement Box
FindingsThe following graphs display each of the five appliances at start up. It is clear that
the transient of each appliance is unique. It is worth noting that even though the
blender and the fridge both have a motor, they have completely different graphs.
Each transient graph is a snapshot of 1 second in time, the appliance is turned on
and settles into its steady state operation. The electrical mains frequency is 50Hz,
this means that in 1 second there are 20 current cycles.
The frequency (Fourier Transform) graphs are calculated and plotted while each
appliance is in steady state operation. Each device has unique frequency
information in steady state, different harmonics and different peak amplitudes.
Current Transient Graphs
(Start Up)
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000
MeasuredCurrent
Time [ms]
Blender
-1.1
-0.6
-0.1
0.4
0.9
0 200 400 600 800 1000
MeasuredCurrent
Time [ms]
Fridge
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0 200 400 600 800 1000
MeasuredCurrent
Time [ms]
Microwave
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0 200 400 600 800 1000
MeasuredCurrent
Time [ms]
Radiator
-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0 200 400 600 800 1000
MeasuredCurrent
Time [ms]
TV
Current Fourier Transform Graphs
(Steady State)
0
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Amplitude
Frequency [Hz]
Fridge
0
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Amplitude
Frequency [Hz]
Radiator
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Amplitude
Frequency [Hz]
Microwave
0
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.01
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Amplitude
Frequency [Hz]
Blender
0
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.01
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Amplitude
Frequency [Hz]
TV
Figure 4: Transient Graphs Figure 5: Frequency Graphs
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]
