patient assesment
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PATIENT PATIENT
ASSESSMENT MODEL ASSESSMENT MODEL
(PAM )(PAM )
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PATIENT ASSESSMENT MODELPATIENT ASSESSMENT MODEL
PAM1-1 PAM1-1
ScopeIntroductionThe SEVEN Components of PAMRescue Scene EvaluationPrimary SurveySecondary SurveyConclusion
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Objectives
At the end of the lesson, trainees should be able to
List the SEVEN COMPONENTS of PAM correctly
Explain the steps in rescue scene evaluation correctly
Explain the steps in Primary Survey correctly Explain the steps in Secondary Survey correctly
PATIENT ASSESSMENT MODELPATIENT ASSESSMENT MODEL
PAM1-2 PAM1-2
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1. RSE
2. Primary Survey
3. Secondary Survey
4. Protocol
5. Treatment
6. Load & Transport
7. Record & Report
SEVEN COMPONENTS OF PAMSEVEN COMPONENTS OF PAM
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RESCUE SCENE EVALUATION RESCUE SCENE EVALUATION (RSE)(RSE)
Environmental Conditions
Hazards
Mechanism of Injury
PAM1-4PAM1-4
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Environmental Conditions detrimental to patient?
- too hot or too cold
- dangerous traffic conditions
look for important clues about patient’s
condition
check for other victims
look for witnesses or family members who
can provide information
PAM1-5PAM1-5
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Hazards any potential hazards to you, crew or
patient
- gasoline, fumes, electrical wires, smoke,
fire
- unstable vehicles
police presence (at the scene of an
assault)
PAM1-6PAM1-6
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Mechanism of Injury event or agent which caused the patient’s
injury or injuries
Mechanisms of injury indicating a
probable unstable patient
- pedestrian struck by a vehicle
- fall from a height > 15 feet
- severe deceleration accident
- ejection from vehicle
PAM1-7PAM1-7
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IMPORTANT
AN UNSTABLE PATIENT
needs to be transported
IMMEDIATELY
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Primary SurveyPrimary SurveyAim : To discover and treat life or limb-threatening
conditions LOC - Level of Consciousness
- use AVPU Alert Verbal Pain Unresponsive
D - Delicate spine
- stabilize as required A - Airway
- tongue jaw lift
- modified jaw thrust B - Breathing
- ventilate as required
- check for adequacy
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Primary SurveyPrimary Survey C - Circulation
- check for rate and character
- NO radial pulse, check carotid pulse
- NO carotid pulse, perform CPR
- control hemorrhage
RBS - Rapid Body Survey (max. 30secs)
- check for external bleeding and deformities
- expose and examine injury site
- provide appropriate emergency treatment
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Primary SurveyPrimary Survey Skin
- check for colour and condition
Oxygen
- administer appropriate volume
Decision point
- UNSTABLE > transport IMMEDIATELY
- STABLE > provide necessary treatment
before transportation
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SECONDARY SURVEYSECONDARY SURVEYAIM : To identify problems that do not pose an
immediate threat to survival. However, it
may threaten survival if undetected
Consists of History
Vital Signs
Head to Toe Examination
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History
chief complaint
history of chief complaint
medical history - past and present
medications
allergies
identifying data
PAM1-10PAM1-10
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Vital Signs level of consciousness - GCS pulse, respiration, blood pressure skin color & condition temperature (if appropriate)
NOTE : if UNSTABLE transport
IMMEDIATELY( Complete secondary survey enroute
to hospital )
PAM1-11PAM1-11
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Head to Toe Examination
(inspection & palpation) head neck chest abdomen pelvis lower extremities upper extremities back
PAM1-12PAM1-12
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L O CDABC
R B SS K IN
O X Y G E N
D E C IS IO N P O IN T
H IS T O R Y V IT A L S IG N S H E A D T O T O E
P R O T O C O LST R E A T M E N T
L O A D & T R A N S P O R TR E C O R D & R E P O R T
R S E
SEVEN COMPONENTS OF PAMSEVEN COMPONENTS OF PAM
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The EndThe End