Pathways and Principles for Improving Nutrition through ......Production Pathway Agriculture as own...
Transcript of Pathways and Principles for Improving Nutrition through ......Production Pathway Agriculture as own...
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This presentation was made possible by the American people through the U.S. Agency for
International Development (USAID) under Cooperative Agreement No. AID-OAA-A-11-00031, the
Strengthening Partnerships, Results, and Innovations in Nutrition Globally (SPRING) project.
Pathways and Principles for
Improving Nutrition through
Agriculture
Sarah Titus and Jessica Tilahun
Global Health Mini-University
March 2, 2015
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Cost of Malnutrition
Morbidity and Mortality
45% of under-five mortality attributable to
undernutrition
Underweight is #1 contributor to burden of disease
in SSA
Economic
Lower IQ and school performance
Asia and Africa lose 11% of GNP every year b/c of
poor nutrition
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Black et al. Lancet. 2013
Lim et al. 2012
Horton and Steckel 2013
Global Nutrition Report, IFPRI
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Countries with Multiple Burdens
in Children under 5 years
Global Nutrition Report,
2014
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We Have Made Significant Progress
Ethiopia stunting rate dropped from 57% to 44% in
one decade
Between 2006 and 2012 stunting went from 29%
to 22% in Haiti
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Peru doubled their EBF
rates, with greatest
improvements among the
poorest children
In DRC, coverage of treatment for SAM went from less
than 46k in 2007 to greater than 157K in 2011
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What Works to Reduce Undernutrition?
Nutrition-specific interventions address
the immediate causes of undernutrition
Health Status
Nutrient Intake
Examples
IYCF and ENA
Micronutrient Fortification &
Supplementation: Iron, Zinc, Vit. A
Integrated Management of Child Illness
Community Management of Acute Malnutrition
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Is This Enough?
Findings from Lancet series 2013
If 90% of the population is reached with 10 key
nutrition-specific interventions
an estimated 900,000 lives could be saved in 34 high
nutrition-burden countries;
prevalence of stunting could be reduced by 20%;
number of children with stunted growth and development
would be reduced by 33 million;
estimated cost of $9.6 billion.
“We need to find solutions beyond targeted nutrition-
specific interventions and beyond the health sector.”Marie Ruel, 2013
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Nutrition-sensitive vs. Nutrition-specific
Nutrition-sensitive interventions strive to
address the underlying causes of
undernutrition
Food security and quality: Consistent access to
diverse nutritious food
Child and family care resources and practices:
Supported through women’s empowerment
Health services and Water, Sanitation and
Hygiene (WASH): Focus on healthy environments
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How Does Agriculture Affect Nutrition?
Food ConsumedCaloriesProtein
Micronutrients
Income Invested inDiverse diet, nutrient-rich foods
Health care
Sustainable livelihood for year-round food and health care access
Gender roles within the Food SystemMaximizing women’s control of income
Managing time and energy demands
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Primary Pathways
Linking Agriculture and Nutrition
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Key Principles for Linking
Ag/Nut
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Production Pathway
Agriculture as own source of food is most
direct pathway
Production decisions influenced by market
prices, relative costs & risks, productive
assets, preferences and cultural norms
Processing and storage impact food access
and nutrient content
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Production of goat milk
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Production Pathway
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Agricultural Income Pathway
Improved year-round income and cash flows
to meet household needs, including diverse
foods
Assumes nutritious foods are available in
markets – reflects the importance of
generating demand and need for nutrition
education
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Agricultural Income Pathway
Netsanet lives in SNNPR, Ethiopia
Coffee Value Chain Project
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Income Pathway
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Women’s Empowerment
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Women’s Empowerment
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In summary: for agriculture to
help move the needle on nutrition
Ag/VC activities should be designed
to include nutrition-sensitive ag
activities, outcomes, and indicators
Ag/VC activities should link with
nutrition-specific activities in co-
located areas
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Frameworks, principles, and pathways should be
referenced to help check assumptions and plan
If we want to reach the SDG and WHA goals—nutrition-
sensitive agriculture will need to be the norm
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Thank You
Sarah Titus MALD, Food Security and
Nutrition Manager— [email protected]
Jessica Tilahun MS RD, Food Security and
Nutrition Advisor– [email protected]
www. SPRING-nutrition.org
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