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FR577087

Electric battery.

The purpose of the present invention is a battery transforming the heat of the environment into electrical energy.

This battery is formed of two liquid phases, or one liquid phase and a gaseous phase, both phases being in contact,but are not miscible, or finally of a single liquid phase; two electrodes and metal or coal in contact with the phases.The electrodes, are, in any case, unassailable by liquids or gases with which they come into contact; their weight and nature remain unchanged during rest and operation of the cell, differing in this from all batteries known.

The liquid phase-gas battery remains equally invariable; no chemical reaction isoccurring between elements of the battery, phases, and electrodes.

The attached figures of 1-3 indicate various forms of realization of the battery, object of the invention.

FIG 1 represents a battery formed of two phases, Liquids A and B, the electrodesbeing completely immersed in one phase A, the other in phase B.

Example referring to FIG 1.

Phases A and B resulting from a mixture of water, amyl alcohol and sodium hydroxide mixture that separates, in balance in two phases, especially aqueous phase B, phase A above alcoholic.

The electrodes are carbon or platinum.

The electromotive force, led outside, from A to B is, at room temperature room,about 0.4 volt.

FIG 2 is a stack in which one of the phases is liquid and the other phase is liquid or gaseous.

One of the electrodes is partly immersed in one of the phases, in part in the other phase, and the second electrode is completely immersed in one of the phases.

Example relating to FIG.2 -- Phase B is formed from an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide; phase A is formed of air and vapor of B or benzene.

The electrodes are platinum, nickel or carbon.

The electromotive force directed out of A to B at room temperature, is between 0.4, 0.8 volts.

Figure 3 shows a battery formed of a single liquid, wherein there are two differ

ent electrodes.

Example relating to Figure 3. - The liquid is formed of water made a good conductor of electricity by an alkali metal salt, for example sodium carbonate, and the electrodes are formed either of two different metals such as platinum and nickel, either a metal electrode and another electrode carbon, or an electrode carbon and another electrode also carbon, but of different quality -- for example,a graphite electrode and the other of retort carbon, or a carbon electrode andthe other wood charcoal, etc..

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The electrodes can be formed of a mass of powders contained in bags or porous vessels, etc.

The electromotive force is between 0.4 and 0.8 volts.

In all preferred embodiments of the battery, the phases are in chemical equilibrium; no reaction takes place between the phases in contact, and there will not occur concentration of the phases, as is the case during cell operation of knownconcentration.

No change interferes either in weight or nature of the electrodes.

The battery cools during its function, at ambient temperature, which can be an environment of air, water, earth, etc., and receives from the medium heat equivalent to the electrical energy developed.

In other batteries the external medium heat is equivalent to the electrical energy produced, but during operation of those batteries concentrations of the electrolyte around the electrodes tend to equalize and the emf of these cells eventually vanishes; the quantity of electricity supplied is limited.

In contrast, in the present battery, the concentrations of the phase in contactwith the electrodes remain invariable, and the quantity of electricity is not limited.

This cell transforms environmental heat to electric energy; it contradicts the second principle of thermodynamics.