Pastoral Systems in the Tropics - hu-berlin.deh1981d0z/pdf/2007-10-usa/col-03.pdf · Tropical...
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Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture Livestock Ecology Section Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable Development Guest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03 Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable Development (EEEB G4136) Guest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants (03) Pastoral Systems in the Tropics
Transcript of Pastoral Systems in the Tropics - hu-berlin.deh1981d0z/pdf/2007-10-usa/col-03.pdf · Tropical...
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable Development (EEEB G4136)Guest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants (03)
Pastoral Systems in the Tropics
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Livestock production systemswith large herbivores
Specialised intensive systems
Feedlot systemsLandless, urban systemsTree crop and plantation systemsPastoral systems
Mixed farming systems
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Specialised intensive systems
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Mixed farming systems
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Feedlot systems
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Landless, urban systems
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Landless, urban systems
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03Tree crop and plantation systems
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03Agro-pastoral systems
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03Pastoral systems
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Worldwide distribution of crops and pastures as the base for livestock production systems
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Density of total ruminant livestock [TLU]
Source: International Livestock Research Institute (2003)
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Presence of photosyntheticallyactive vegetation observed at
different times of the year in the old world, mapped using
NOAA satellite data
January 1998
July 1999
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Seasonal forage availability on a semi-arid dwarf shrub / annual grass land in
Northern Kenya:a) At the end of the rainy season;
standing biomass ca 3000 kg/hab) Six weeks after the rainy season;
standing biomass ca 1800 kg/hac) Ten weeks after the rainy season and
after two weeks of grazing by nomadic herds; standing biomass ca 500 kg/ha
a) b)
c)
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Spatial variation of rainfall in an East African savannaecosystem
Source: Deshmukh, 1984
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Rendille, a pastoral people
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Equator
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
[Years]
[Total number]
Projected herd growth in indigenoussheep, goats, cattle and dromedaries
0
100
150
200
Goats Sheep Cattle Camels
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Seasonal distribution of births in dromedary herds kept by nomadicpastoralists in Northern Kenya and Central Somalia and on commercial
ranches in Kenya
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec0
10
20
30
40 Northern Kenya*Kenya Ranches*Central Somalia**
Northern Kenya* 20 14 6 9 2 3 5 16 25Kenya Ranches* 10 8 9 8 6 7 7 7 9 8 11 10Central Somalia** 4 3 1 25 38 17 5 3 4
Sources: *Schwartz, 1992; ** Moallin, 1989
% c
alve
sbo
rn
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Rainy season
Dry season
Increasing grid occupancy
Grid occupancy by Rendille households and herds(% of total) in two seasons
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Rendille settlement density by grid square in South-West Marsabit District, Kenya 1949 - 1958
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Rendille settlement density by grid square in South-West Marsabit District,Kenya 1970 - 1981
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Range condition by grid square in the Rendille home range
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
Faculty of Agriculture and HorticultureLivestock Ecology Section
Prof. Dr. sc. agr. H. J. Schwartz
Tropical Agriculture and Sustainable DevelopmentGuest lecture: Livestock systems – Ruminants 03
