Past participles used as adjectives
12
Past participles Past participles used as used as adjectives adjectives Mosaicos, p. 481 Mosaicos, p. 481
description
Past participles used as adjectives. Mosaicos, p. 481. English past participle. The past participle of most English verbs are formed by adding –ed to the infinitive form of the verb: walk → walk ed close → clos ed talk → talk ed ● However, many English past participles are irregular: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Past participles used as adjectives
Past participles used Past participles used as adjectivesas adjectives
Mosaicos, p. 481Mosaicos, p. 481
The past participle of most English verbs are formed by adding –ed to the infinitive form of the verb:
walk → walked close → closed talk → talked
● However, many English past participles are irregular:
sing → sung write → written eat → eaten drink → drunk
English past participle
Spanish past participleThe past participle is formed in Spanish by adding –ado to the stem of –ar verbs and by adding –ido to the stem of –er, -ir verbs.
(-ar) verbs Past participle (-er, -ir) verbs Past participle
cantar (to sing) cantado beber (to drink) bebidobailar (to dance) bailado comprender
(to understand)comprendido
andar (to walk) andado vivir (to live) vividosaltar (to jump) saltado reír (to laugh) reído
Spanish irregular past participleThe Spanish verbs also have irregular past participle:
infinitive Past participle
infinitive Past participle
abrir (to open) abierto morir (to die) muerto
cubrir (to cover) cubierto poner (to put) puesto
decir (to say,tell) dicho resolver (to resolve)
resuelto
descubrir (to discover)
descubierto romper (to break)
roto
escribir (to write)
escrito ver (to see) visto
hacer (to do) hecho volver (to come back)
vuelto
In Spanish as in English, the past participle can be used as an adjective to modify a noun. The past participle as an adjective, must agree in number and gender with the noun that it modifies:
Las puertas están cerradas
Los ejercicios están hechos
La ventana está rota
La cama está hecha
Past participle used as an adjective
The past participle in Spanish is normally used with the verb ESTAR to describe conditions that are the result of a previous action.
Yo abrí la ventana. Ahora, la ventana está abierta.
Yo hice mi tarea. Ahora, mi tarea está hecha.
Yo pinté mis casas. Ahora mis casas están pintadas.
ESTAR + Past participle
Práctica Complete the following sentences with the correct verb:
Lucía está _____________ en el sofá.
A. dormido
B. dormida
C. hecho
D. hecha
Práctica (cont.) Complete the following sentences with the correct verb:
Lucía está _____________ en el sofá.
A. dormido
B. dormida
C. hecho
D. hecha
Práctica (cont.)Complete the following sentences with the correct verb:
Los estudiantes están _____________ en las sillas.
A. rotosB. rotasC. sentadosD. sentatas
Práctica (cont.)Complete the following sentences with the correct verb:
Los estudiantes están _____________ en las sillas.
A. rotosB. rotasC. sentadosD. sentatas
Práctica (cont.)Complete the following sentences with the correct verb:
Las matemáticas están _____________ en la pizarra.
A. escritosB. escritasC. bailadosD. bailadas
¡Buen trabajo!
Hoy hemos aprendido a usar los participios como adjetivos.
