Hunter/Gatherers and Agriculturists The Paleolithic Age and the Neolithic Revolution.
PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and...
-
Upload
leon-fowler -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
6
Transcript of PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and...
![Page 1: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PASS Review
![Page 2: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Stone Age Periods
• Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic
*hunters and gatherers
*stone tools
and weapons
*cave art /
NO written records
![Page 3: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
STONE AGE PERIODS
• New Stone Age -> Neolithic *man lived in larger groups *AGRICULTURE BEGAN *DOMESTICATION OF ANIMALS *SURPLUS CROPS *SPECIALIZATION OF JOBS
![Page 4: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Ice Man
![Page 5: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
FIRST CIVILIZATIONS!!
RIVER VALLEY
CIVILIZATIONS:
• Mesopotamia
• Egypt
• China
• India
![Page 6: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
River Valley Civilizations
![Page 7: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Mesopotamia
In the FERTILE CRESCENT
Included Sumerian & Babylonian Empires *land between the rivers = TIGRIS & EUPHRATES
*Sargon -> created FIRST EMPIRE
*Hammurabi -> FIRST CODE OF LAWS
Hammurabi’s Code of Laws *Achievements: wheel, ZIGGURAT (religious center)
Hanging Gardens of Babylon, glass,
*WRITING = CUNEIFORM
![Page 8: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Map of Fertile Crescent
![Page 9: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Map of Mesopotamia
![Page 10: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Sumerian Cuneiform
![Page 11: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Hammurabi’s Code of Laws
![Page 12: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ziggurat
![Page 13: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Judaism
• Began in Fertile Crescent in Canaan
*FIRST MONOTHEISTIC Religion
*begun by Abraham
*holy text = Torah
*Ten Commandments
* Moses led Hebrews from Egypt to
Canaan
![Page 14: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Torah
![Page 15: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
EgyptBegan along the NILE RIVER *Menes -> united Upper and Lower Egypt *Khufu -> (Cheops) Great Pyramid *Hatshepsut -> female pharaoh *Tutankhamun -> boy king, tomb found by Howard Carter *architecture = pyramids *writing = HIEROGLYPHICS on papyrus *government = pharaohs *economy = agriculture / FLOODING PRODUCED RICH SILT *religion = polytheistic *mummification
![Page 16: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Egypt
Egypt
![Page 17: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
hieroglyphics
![Page 18: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Great Pyramids of Giza
![Page 19: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
India
Began along the INDUS RIVER
*subcontinent of Asian Himalayas
cut it off from the rest of the continent
*cities = Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa
sometimes called Harappan Civilization
*writing = SANSKRIT
*TWO religions began here = HINDUISM & BUDDHISM
![Page 20: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Indus River Valley
![Page 21: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Hinduism
• Polytheistic religion introduced by
the Aryans• Brahman = supreme being• holy text = Vedas / “Books of Knowledge”• CASTE SYSTEM = different levels in society• REINCARNATION = cycle of birth, death, &
rebirth• dharma = laws and duties of Hindus
![Page 22: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Buddhism
• Founder = Siddhartha Gautama “the Buddha”• Beliefs = Four Noble Truths (Suffering in Life) Middle Way Eightfold Path to reach Nirvana Reincarnation• Karma = end result of good & bad acts• NO caste system
![Page 23: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Four Noble Truths
![Page 24: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The Buddha
![Page 26: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
China
• Began along HUANG RIVER or Yellow River (because of loess or silt)
• government = dynasties Shang was the first *Mandate of Heaven = right to rule from the gods• oracle bones = predict the future
![Page 27: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
China continued:
• architecture = Great Wall of China -> built to keep out the Mongols
• tomb for Shihuangdi 1,000s of clay soldiers & horses
• achievements = SILK, Silk Road, seismograph, new type of rice, gunpowder, woodblock moveable type
• TWO religions began here = Confucianism & Taoism or Daoism
![Page 28: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Great Wall
![Page 30: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Shihuangdi’s Tomb
![Page 31: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Seismograph
![Page 32: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Silk Road
![Page 33: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Confucianism
• Founder = Confucius
• Social order, harmony, and
good government based
on STRONG FAMILY
RELATIONSHIPS
• 5 basic relationships
• Education important to
society
![Page 34: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Taoism or Daoism
• Founder = Laozi
• People should live simple
lives in harmony with
nature
• There should be little
interference from the
government
![Page 35: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Greece
• TWO important city-states -> ATHENS & SPARTA• Architecture = Parthenon in Athens / temple for the goddess Athena• acropolis = high hill in Greeks city-states• Sparta = military was important• Olympic Games• 7 Wonders of the Ancient World (man made)• writing = Greek alphabet / adopted from the Phoenicians • agora = market place
![Page 36: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Ancient Greece
![Page 37: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
The Parthenon
![Page 38: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Athens FIRST DEMOCRACY in the world!! *people have a voice in the government
![Page 39: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Greece continuedPeople / Know: *Socrates, Plato, & Aristotle = (SPA) philosophers *Archimedes = scientist & mathematician developed concept of pi *Homer = epic poems “The Iliad” & “The Odyssey” *Pericles = rich & poor had a part in the government / built Parthenon
![Page 40: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
*Alexander the Great = King of Macedonia
•conquered land in Europe, Africa, and Asia •military & political leader • began the Hellenistic Age = the Greek culture spread to other parts of the world
![Page 41: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Alexander’s Empire
![Page 42: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Rome
• Created a large empire on 3 continents: Europe, Asia and Africa• Two groups of citizens = patricians
(wealthy) & plebeians (common)• TWELVE TABLES = first written laws
for Rome• Punic Wars = Rome fought Carthage and
won• Pompeii buried by Mt. Vesuvius
![Page 43: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Rome continued:
• Government = REPUBLIC -> people choose representatives to run the government
*senators = patricians *tribunes represented plebeians *consuls = 2 elected officials /were supreme judges and commanders of the military
![Page 44: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Roman Empire
![Page 45: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Rome continued• People to know: *Julius Caesar = made himself dictator assassinated by friends *Augustus = (Octavian) first emperor ruled during Pax Romana *Constantine = Byzantine Empire / Eastern Roman Empire allowed Christianity• Two Roman Empires formed as Rome
declined *Western Roman Empire (Rome) fell first *Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine) Constantinople lasted 1,000 more years
![Page 46: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Rome continued
• JUSTINIAN CODE = created by Justinian of the Byzantine Empire-> strict but fair laws which gave the same rights to everyone, rich or poor
• Achievements = aqueducts, domes, arches, Pantheon, Colosseum, roads, alphabet, Roman numerals, Latin, laws, concrete, keystones, etc.
![Page 47: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Roman aqueduct
![Page 48: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Roman Colosseum
![Page 49: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
keystones
![Page 50: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Christianity• Religion begun during the time of the
Roman Empire
• Founder = Jesus
• Holy Text = Bible
• Beliefs = monotheistic
People will gain salvation if they
follow the teachings of Jesus
• Three largest groups: Catholic, Protestant
& Eastern Orthodox
![Page 51: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Religion of Islam
• Founder = Muhammad• Holy Text = Koran or Quran• Islamic God = Allah• Five Pillars of Faith: *Faith in Muhammad and Allah *Pray 5 times a day facing Mecca *Almsgiving -> give money to the poor *Fast during the month of Ramadan *Pilgrimage to Mecca once in lifetime
![Page 52: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Map of West Africa
![Page 53: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Geography of West Africa:Climate Zones from north to south:
• Mediterranean Sea
• Sahel “shore” of the Sahara Desert
• Sahara Desert (largest desert in the world)
• Savanna or grasslands (in the Sahel)
• Tropical Rainforest
![Page 54: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Sahel
![Page 55: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Sahara
![Page 56: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Ghana• GHANA -> first great empire in WEST AFRICA
->controlled gold & salt trade
*resources included iron ore & gold
*used the iron ore to make tools & weapons
*used gold to trade with other nations
*MUSLIMS of North Africa were important trade partners with Ghana -> Muslims brought horses, cloth & SALT to trade with Ghana
*SALT-> important to preserve food &
to stay healthy
![Page 57: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Mali• A great TRADE EMPIRE
• TIMBUKTU -> major trading city of Mali
• Trade with MUSLIMS was linked to the conversion of local people to the ISLAM religion
• Islamic influence was evident in government, education, & architecture
in west Africa
![Page 58: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Songhai
• the largest of the three west Africa Empires
• developed along the Niger River
• it became a rich nation because of the large GOLD-SALT trade routes between Arabia, North Africa, & West Africa
![Page 59: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Mesoamerica
• First people came from Asia by way of BERINGIA -> a land bridge that was formed during the Ice Age between Asia and North America
• Greatest civilizations in Mexico and Central AmericaMAYAS & AZTECS• slash and burn agriculture / grew maize• stone pyramids for religious purposes• steles = flat stones with glyphs (symbols)• codex = folding screen book• conquered by Spanish Conquistadors
![Page 60: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Beringia
![Page 61: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Mesoamerica
![Page 62: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Mayan Pyramid
![Page 63: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
stele
![Page 64: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
codex
![Page 65: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Incas
• Lived in the Andes Mountains in South America
• Cities = Machu Picchu & Cuzco
• NO written language
• Quipu = knotted cord used for record keeping
• Conquered by Spanish conquistadors
![Page 66: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Inca Empire
![Page 67: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
quipu
![Page 68: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Machu Picchu
![Page 69: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Middle Ages
• Also known as MEDIEVAL
(Latin for “middle”)
• Period between AD 500-1400
• Between fall of the Roman Empire & the Modern Age
• FEUDALISM->way of life during the Middle Ages based on ownership of land and loyalty
![Page 70: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Middle Ages continued• Society: *King or monarch *Lords *Vassals = lower lords *Knights = protected the land *serfs or peasants = worked the land• MANORS = lord’s estate / including castle,
farmland, & village• GUILDS = first workers’ unions of craftsmen /
set rules on quality of products and prices of products
![Page 71: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Middle Ages continued• MAGNA CARTA = THE Great
Charter which for the first time limited the power of a king and gave more power to the nobility
• King John I = was forced to sign the Magna Carta
![Page 72: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
![Page 73: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
knight & castle
![Page 74: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
King John signing the Magna Carta
![Page 75: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Medieval Guilds
![Page 76: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Japanese and European Feudal System:
JAPAN EUROPE
*Emperor *King (Monarch)
*Shogun *Lord (Noble)
*Daimyo *Vassals
*Samurai *Knights
*Serfs or Peasants---------------------
![Page 77: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Crusades
• HOLY WARS (1096-1272)
• Purpose = to regain the Holy Lands (Palestine) from the Muslim Turks
• Outcome = opened TRADE between Europe and Asia
• Important products that were traded = SPICES, silk, linen, coffee, jewels, etc.
![Page 78: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Trade Items Included:
![Page 79: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Bubonic Plaguefollowed Trade Routes from Asia
to Europe
![Page 80: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Renaissance1400-1600
• REBIRTH of Greek & Roman
Culture
• Began in FLORENCE, ITALY
• Focus on HUMANISM, secular belief on education and what the individual could achieve during his/her lifetime
• MEDICI family were PATRONS of the arts
![Page 81: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Renaissance People to Know:
• Leonardo da Vinci – “Mona Lisa” &
“The Last Supper”• Michelangelo – painted Sistine Chapel• Johannes Gutenberg – movable type
printing press• Martin Luther – protested ways of the
Catholic Church &
began Protestantism
![Page 82: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Age of Exploration• People began to explore to find an all water route to
get to Asia to buy the products like spices and silk• There was already a land route = the Silk Road• Portugal led the way *Vasco da Gama-> rounded Africa to get to
Asia• Columbus (sponsored by Spain) went west
across the Atlantic Ocean to get to Asia * Columbus called the natives “Indians” because
he thought he was in the Indies *He NEVER realized he “discovered” a New World • Ferdinand Magellan-> FIRST TO
CIRCUMNAVIGATE the world
![Page 83: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Vasco da Gama
![Page 84: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Christopher Columbus
![Page 85: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Ferdinand Magellan
![Page 86: PASS Review Stone Age Periods Old Stone Age -> Paleolithic *hunters and gatherers *stone tools and weapons *cave art / NO written records.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649cfe5503460f949ce765/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Columbian Exchange