Parts of Speech

Pronouns

Pronouns Replace Nouns

ProNouns• Pronoun – a word that is used in place of one or more

nouns

• Person: he, she, him, her, they, we, them• Places, things, ideas: it, them

• Antecedent – the word or group of words that the pronoun stands for

• Ex: – James ate the juicy peach. He thought it tasted sweet and

delicious.– Jack and Jill climbed up the hill. They went to fetch a pail of

water.

Pronouns

Personal Pronouns• Refers to:

Singular Plural

First Person The one speaking

I, me, my, mine

we, us, our, ours

Second Person The one spoken to

you, your, yours

you, your, yours

Third Person The one spoken about

he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its

they, them their, theirs

Possessive Pronouns

• Personal pronouns that are used to show ownership or possession:

• Ex:– Nina stored her suitcase under her bed.– Is that paper yours or mine?

Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns

• Reflexive: Refers to the subject and is necessary to the meaning of the sentence.

• Intensive: Refers to the antecedent and is not necessary to the meaning of the sentence

Reflexive & Intensive Pronouns

• First person: myself, ourselves• Second person: yourself, yourselves• Third person: himself, herself, itself, themselves

• Reflexive: – They chose new books for themselves. – She gave herself the day off from practicing.

• Intensive: – David himself bought a sandwich. – The award will be presented by the principal herself.

Practice Identifying Types of Pronouns…

Is it personal, reflexive, or intensive?

• Did Teri offer them directions to the community center?• Did Teri offer them directions to the community center?

– personal

• Kara treated herself to a short nap after a long day.• Kara treated herself to a short nap after a long day.

– reflexive

• Tracy and Ed carried the books to the car themselves.• Tracy and Ed carried the books to the car themselves.

– intensive

Practice continued…Is it personal, reflexive, or intensive

• Darren himself did not know where the gifts were hidden.• Darren himself did not know where the gifts were hidden.

– intensive

• The dog made itself dizzy by chasing its own tail.• The dog made itself dizzy by chasing its own tail.

– reflexive

• Although it fell from the top branches of the elm tree, the chipmunk was not injured.

• Although it fell from the top branches of the elm tree, the chipmunk was not injured.– personal

Demonstrative Pronouns

• Demonstrative Pronoun – points out a specific person, place, thing, or idea

• Ex: – What is that?– This is the uniform once worn by General Sam.– These are the shoes he used to wear.– Are those really his autographs?

* Note: this, that, these, and those can also be used as adjectives

Indefinite Pronouns• Indefinite Pronoun – refers to a person, place,

thing, or idea that may or may not be specifically named

• Ex:All each more oneAny either much otherAnybody everybody neither severalAnyone everyone nobody someAnything few none somebodyBoth many no one something

• Ex:– Everyone in the class was invited to the party.– None of the boys knew much about camping.

Practice Identifying Types of Pronouns…

Is it indefinite or demonstrative?

• Are you asking anyone to the dance this weekend?

• indefinite

• This is my jacket; that one must be yours.• demonstrative

• Are those the socks you are wearing?• demonstrative

• Nobody knows the answer to that.• indefinite

• The armadillo paused at the puddle and drank some of the water.

• indefinite

Interrogative Pronouns

• Interrogative Pronoun – introduces a question

• Ex: – what which who whom whose

• Ex: – What is the first event of the contest?– Who is going to represent our team?– To whom is the e-mail addressed?– Which is the car in the driveway?– Whose is the car in the driveway?

Relative Pronouns• Relative Pronoun – introduces an adjective

clause

• Ex: – that which who whom whose

• Ex: – Harry S. Truman, who became president when

Franklin D. Roosevelt died, surprised many people with his victory.

– Robins are among the birds that migrate south for the winter.

– Lilacs, which are known throughout the world for their fragrant flowers, grow best in northern climates.

Practice Identifying Types of Pronouns…

Is it relative or interrogative?

• What is the name of that volcano that erupted in Washington?

• interrogative

• The light bulb, which had been flickering for a few days, finally burned out.

• relative

• The new teacher, whom I have not met, will start Monday.

• relative

• To whom did you lend your textbook?• interrogative

• The only student that could complete the obstacle course was Johnny.

• relative