Partitioning and Formatting the Hard Disk

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Introduction

What is partitioning?

The act or process of dividing

something into parts What is formatting?

A plan for the organization andarrangement of a specified production.



Objectives:

After the lesson, the students willbe able to:

Familiarize the diff erent remindersbefore partitioning or formatting the hard disk

Enumerate the procedures on how to

partition the hard disk Enumerate the procedures on how to

format the hard disk



Reminders Before the Partitioning

and Formatting the Hard Disk

Prepare the hard disk according to themanufacturer's instructions Set the jumpers and the cabling according to the

role of the hard disk (for example, master or

subordinate) and make any required BIOS (orCMOS) changes

Determine the type of file system that youwant to use FAT32

Pref erably, when using drives or partitions of over200 MB the FAT file system should not be used.This is because as the size of the volume increases,performance with FAT will quickly decrease.

NTFS




and Formatting the Hard Disk (cont.)

If the hard disk already containsdata, back it up When you partition and format a hard disk, all

the data on that partition is permanentlydeleted.

If the hard disk has a drive overlay ora disk management program, makesure that it is compatible If your computer uses drive overlay software

for large hard disk support, do not use the Windows XP Setup program to partition or toformat the drive until you have verified thatWindows XP is compatible with the software.





If you have software that you want toreinstall, verify that you have the disks Make sure that you have the original CDs or floppy

disks so that you can reinstall the software

programs after you partition and format your drive. If you have updated device drivers for

peripheral devices, back them up If you have installed an updated device driver for

your peripheral devices (for example, modems andprinters), make sure that you back up the newdriver for the device to a location other than the

drive that you want to format and partition so thatyou can reinstall it after you install your operatingsystem.





Configure your computer tostart from the CD or DVD drive

You may have to modify yourcomputer's BIOS settings to set thisconfiguration



Partitioning the Hard Disk using the

Windows XP Setup Program

Insert the Windows XP CD into your CD or DVDdrive. Restart the computer

The computer will prompt a message asking usto press any key to boot from the CD or DVDdrive. Press any key.

The computer will prompt a message to pressF6. This option will load the third party programor raid technology program. Don¶t press anykey.

The computer will prompt a message to pressF2. This option will load the Automated SystemRecovery. Use it if you have a system recoverydisk to fix the corrupted OS.





At the Welcome to Setup page Press Enter

to set up Windows XP

Press R to repair a Windows XP installation using

Recovery Console

Press F3

to quit setup

Licensing Agreement is shown onthe screen, press F8 to accept it.





If an existing Windows XP installation isdetected, you are prompted to repair it. Tobypass the repair, press ESC.

All existing partitions and unpartitioned spacesare listed. Use the ARROW keys to select anexisting partition,

Options:

Press Enter ± set up Windows XP on selecteditem

Press C ± to create a partition in the unpartitioned space

Press D ± delete the selected partation





Creating a Partition Select the unpartition space

Press C and type the size of the partition. Take note the size is in termsof MB.

Delete a Partition Select the partition space

Press D, press ³Enter´ if necessary, andpress L to confirm the deletion of the partition



Format the hard disk and install

Windows XP

Select the partition space using arrow keys where you want to install Windows XP, and then pressEnter

Format option will be shown on the screen. The

options are: Format the partition by using the NTFS file

system (Quick)

Format the partition by using the FAT file system(Quick)

Format the partition by using the NTFS file

system Format the partition by using the FAT file system

Leave the current file system intact (no changes)




Windows XP

Notes If the selected partition is a new partition, the option

to leave the current file system intact is not available.

If the selected partition is larger than 32 gigabytes

(GB), the FAT file system option is not available. If the selected partition is larger than 2 GB, the Windows Setup program uses the FAT32 file system(you must press ENTER to confirm).

If the partition is smaller than 2 GB, the WindowsSetup program uses the FAT16 file system.

If you deleted and created a new System partition, butyou are installing Windows XP on a diff erent partition,you are prompted to select a file system for both the System and Startup partitions.




Windows XP

Press ENTER.

After the Windows Setup programformats the partition, follow the instructions that appear on the screen to install Windows XP. Afterthe Windows Setup program isfinished and you have restarted the

computer, you can use the DiskManagement tools in Windows XP tocreate or format more partitions.



NTFS vs. FAT32

Security FAT32 provides very little security. A user with

access to a drive using FAT32 has access tothe files on that drive.

NTFS allows the use of NTFS Permissions. It'smuch more difficult to implement, but folderand file access can be controlled individually,down to an an extreme degree if necessary.The down side of using NTFS Permissions isthe chance for error and screwing up the

system is greatly magnified. Windows XP Prof essional supports file encryption.



NTFS vs. FAT32 (cont..)

Compatibility NTFS volumes are not recognized by Windows

95/98/Me. This is only a concern when the systemis set up for dual or multi-booting. FAT32 must be be used for any drives that must be accessed whenthe computer is booted from Windows 95/98 orWindows Me.

An additional note to the previous statement. Userson the network have access to shared folders nomatter what disk format is being used or whatversion of Windows is installed.

FAT and FAT32 volumes can be converted to NTFS volumes. NTFS cannot be converted to FAT32without reformatting.




S pace Efficiency NTFS supports disk quotas, allowing you to control the

amount of disk usage on a per user basis. NTFS supports file compression. FAT32 does not. How a volume manages data is outside the scope of this

article, but once you pass the 8GB partition size, NTFS handles space management much more efficiently thanFAT32. Cluster sizes play an important part in how much disk space is wasted storing files. NTFS provides smallercluster sizes and less disk space waste than FAT32.

In Windows XP, the maximum partition size that can be created using FAT32 is 32GB. This increases to 16TB(terabytes) using NTFS. There is a workaround for the 32GB limitation under FAT32, but it is a nuisance especially considering the size of drives currently beingmanufactured.




Reli ability

FAT32 drives are much more susceptible todisk errors.

NTFS volumes have the ability to recover fromerrors more readily than similar FAT32volumes.

Log files are created under NTFS which can be used for automatic file system repairs.

NTFS supports dynamic cluster remapping forbad sectors and prevent them from being usedin the future.

Partitioning and Formatting the Hard Disk

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