ParticiplesGerunds

Infinitives

By: Zach Cherna

Infinitives!!!

What is an Infinitive??

*The part of a sentence that uses “to+verb”

*Example: I am going “to play” baseball.

*Infinitives look like verbs, act like verbs, but they are not verbs.

*”am going” is the verb in this sentence. “to play” is the infinitive.

• “I wish to sleep on the bus.”

• “I hope to be successful when I am older.”

• “I aspire to emulate my father.”

There are 3 kinds of participles

• Present

• Past

• Perfect

Present Participles

• Looks like a verb, but acts as an adjective.

• Always ends in “ing”. • Example: “A working student is a good thing”.

• “A working student” is the participle. “is” is the verb.

Past Participle

• Can be used to shorten or combine passive clauses that have the same subject.

• Always end in, “en”, “ed”, “d”, “t”, “n”, and “ne”.• Example: asked, eaten, saved, dealt, seen, and

gone.• Example: The boy was given an apple. He

stopped crying….. Given an apple, the boy stopped crying.

• “Given” is the participle.

Perfect Participle

• Can be used to shorten or combine clauses that have the same subject if…- One action is complete before the next action starts.- One action has been going on for a period of time when

another action starts.Example: She bought a bike and cycled home… Having

bought a bike, she cycled home.Example: He had been living there for such a long time that

he didn’t want to move to another town… Having lived there for such a long time, he didn’t want to move to a another town.

Gerunds

• Look like a verb, but acts like a noun.

• Gerunds always end in “ing”.

• “Working after school is my number one priority”.- “Working” is the gerund, and “is” is the verb.

Assessment

• I want to go to the park today.• Being humble is a commendable characteristic.• Having been to the moon, I can assure you, it is

awesome.• A loving parent is crucial for a healthy childhood.

• David loves deli day.• Recognized as a world icon, Michael Jackson was

the king of pop.

1.) One day last summer, Francisco and his coach were swimming at Daytona Beach.

2.) Having eaten a large lunch, John did not want to eat dinner at five o clock.

3.) I want to ride my bicycle.

4.) With a broom, Mrs. Olsen was beating our alligator over the head in an attempt to retrieve her poodle.

5.) The crying baby drew a long breath and sucked in a spider crouching in the corner of the crib.

6.) I would like to go to college someday and earn a degree.

7.)Running marathons is my favorite activity.

8.) Saved by the bell, I did not have to read aloud to the class.

9.) A working computer is better than a broken computer.

10.) I am going to watch a movie later, would you like to come?