Part V—Hazardous Materials - Seattlepan/documents/web... · 2018. 9. 6. · Part V—Hazardous...
Transcript of Part V—Hazardous Materials - Seattlepan/documents/web... · 2018. 9. 6. · Part V—Hazardous...
2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE 339
Part V—Hazardous Materials
CHAPTER 50
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 5001GENERAL
5001.1 Scope. Prevention, control and mitigation of danger-ous conditions related to storage, dispensing, use and han-dling of hazardous materials and notification of biosafetylevel 3 and biosafety level 4 operations shall be in accordancewith this chapter.
This chapter shall apply to all hazardous materials, includ-ing those materials regulated elsewhere in this code, exceptthat when specific requirements are provided in other chap-ters, those specific requirements shall apply in accordancewith the applicable chapter. Where a material has multiplehazards, all hazards shall be addressed.
Exceptions:
1. In retail or wholesale sales occupancies, the quan-tities of medicines, foodstuffs, or consumer prod-ucts and cosmetics containing not more than 50percent by volume of water-miscible liquids andwith the remainder of the solutions not being flam-mable shall not be limited, provided such materialsare packaged in individual containers not exceed-ing 1.3 gallons (5 L).
2. Quantities of alcoholic beverages in retail orwholesale sales occupancies shall not be limitedproviding the liquids are packaged in individualcontainers not exceeding 1.3 gallons (5 L).
3. Application and release of pesticide and agricul-tural products and materials intended for use inweed abatement, erosion control, soil amendmentor similar applications when applied in accordancewith the manufacturers’ instructions and labeldirections.
4. The off-site transportation of hazardous materialswhen in accordance with Department of Transpor-tation (DOTn) regulations.
5. Building materials not otherwise regulated by thiscode.
6. Refrigeration systems (see Section 606).
7. Stationary storage battery systems regulated bySection 608.
8. The display, storage, sale or use of fireworks andexplosives in accordance with Chapter 56.
9. Corrosives utilized in personal and householdproducts in the manufacturers’ original consumerpackaging in Group M occupancies.
10. The storage of distilled spirits and wines inwooden barrels and casks.
11. The use of wall-mounted dispensers containingalcohol-based hand rubs classified as Class I or IIliquids when in accordance with Section 5705.5.
12. Hazardous materials at marine terminals in accor-dance with Administrative Rule 27.01.09, MarineTerminals and any future revisions of this ruleadopted by the fire code official.
5001.1.1 Waiver. The provisions of this chapter arewaived where the fire code official determines that suchenforcement is preempted by other codes, statutes or ordi-nances. The details of any action granting such a waivershall be recorded and entered in the files of the codeenforcement agency.
5001.1.2 Underground storage tanks. Pursuant to Sec-tion 106.5.1, the fire code official approves permits toinstall underground tanks issued by and inspections ofunderground tanks conducted by the Washington StateDepartment of Ecology.
5001.2 Material classification. Hazardous materials arethose chemicals or substances defined as such in this code.Definitions of hazardous materials shall apply to all hazard-ous materials, including those materials regulated elsewherein this code.
5001.2.1 Mixtures. Mixtures shall be classified in accor-dance with hazards of the mixture as a whole. Mixtures ofhazardous materials shall be classified in accordance withnationally recognized reference standards; by an approvedqualified organization, individual, or Material Safety DataSheet (MSDS); or by other approved methods.
5001.2.2 Hazard categories. Hazardous materials shall beclassified according to hazard categories. The categoriesinclude materials regulated by this chapter and materialsregulated elsewhere in this code.
5001.2.2.1 Physical hazards. The material categorieslisted in this section are classified as physical hazards.A material with a primary classification as a physicalhazard can also pose a health hazard.
1. Explosives and blasting agents.
2. Combustible liquids.
3. Flammable solids, liquids and gases.
4. Organic peroxide solids or liquids.
5. Oxidizer, solids or liquids.
6. Oxidizing gases.
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340 2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
7. Pyrophoric solids, liquids or gases.
8. Unstable (reactive) solids, liquids or gases.
9. Water-reactive materials solids or liquids.
10. Cryogenic fluids.
5001.2.2.2 Health hazards. The material categorieslisted in this section are classified as health hazards. Amaterial with a primary classification as a health haz-ard can also pose a physical hazard.
1. Highly toxic and toxic materials.
2. Corrosive materials.
5001.3 Performance-based design alternative. Whereapproved by the fire code official, buildings and facilitieswhere hazardous materials are stored, used or handled shallbe permitted to comply with this section as an alternative tocompliance with the other requirements set forth in this chap-ter and Chapters 51 through 67.
5001.3.1 Objective. The objective of Section 5001.3 is toprotect people and property from the consequences ofunauthorized discharge, fires or explosions involving haz-ardous materials.
5001.3.2 Functional statements. Performance-baseddesign alternatives are based on the following functionalstatements:
1. Provide safeguards to minimize the risk of unwantedreleases, fires or explosions involving hazardousmaterials.
2. Provide safeguards to minimize the consequences ofan unsafe condition involving hazardous materialsduring normal operations and in the event of anabnormal condition.
5001.3.3 Performance requirements. Where safeguards,systems, documentation, written plans or procedures,audits, process hazards analysis, mitigation measures,engineering controls or construction features are requiredby Sections 5001.3.3.1 through 5001.3.3.18, the details ofthe design alternative shall be subject to approval by thefire code official. The details of actions granting the use ofthe design alternatives shall be recorded and entered in thefiles of the jurisdiction.
5001.3.3.1 Properties of hazardous materials. Thephysical- and health-hazard properties of hazardousmaterials on site shall be known and shall be madereadily available to employees, neighbors and the firecode official.
5001.3.3.2 Reliability of equipment and operations.Equipment and operations involving hazardous materi-als shall be designed, installed and maintained toensure that they reliably operate as intended.
5001.3.3.3 Prevention of unintentional reaction orrelease. Safeguards shall be provided to minimize therisk of an unintentional reaction or release that couldendanger people or property.
5001.3.3.4 Spill mitigation. Spill containment systemsor means to render a spill harmless to people or prop-erty shall be provided where a spill is determined to be
a plausible event and where such an event wouldendanger people or property.
5001.3.3.5 Ignition hazards. Safeguards shall be pro-vided to minimize the risk of exposing combustiblehazardous materials to unintended sources of ignition.
5001.3.3.6 Protection of hazardous materials. Safe-guards shall be provided to minimize the risk of expos-ing hazardous materials to a fire or physical damagewhereby such exposure could endanger or lead to theendangerment of people or property.
5001.3.3.7 Exposure hazards. Safeguards shall beprovided to minimize the risk of and limit damage froma fire or explosion involving explosive hazardous mate-rials whereby such fire or explosion could endanger orlead to the endangerment of people or property.
5001.3.3.8 Detection of gas or vapor release. Where arelease of hazardous materials gas or vapor wouldcause immediate harm to persons or property, means ofmitigating the dangerous effects of a release shall beprovided.
5001.3.3.9 Reliable power source. Where a powersupply is relied upon to prevent or control an emer-gency condition that could endanger people or prop-erty, the power supply shall be from a reliable source.
5001.3.3.10 Ventilation. Where ventilation is neces-sary to limit the risk of creating an emergency condi-tion resulting from normal or abnormal operations,means of ventilation shall be provided.
5001.3.3.11 Process hazard analyses. Process hazardanalyses shall be conducted to ensure reasonably theprotection of people and property from dangerous con-ditions involving hazardous materials.
5001.3.3.12 Pre-startup safety review. Written docu-mentation of pre-startup safety review procedures shallbe developed and enforced to ensure that operations areinitiated in a safe manner. The process of developingand updating such procedures shall involve the partici-pation of affected employees.
5001.3.3.13 Operating and emergency procedures.Written documentation of operating procedures andprocedures for emergency shut down shall be devel-oped and enforced to ensure that operations are con-ducted in a safe manner. The process of developing andupdating such procedures shall involve the participa-tion of affected employees.
5001.3.3.14 Management of change. A written planfor management of change shall be developed andenforced. The process of developing and updating theplan shall involve the participation of affected employ-ees.
5001.3.3.15 Emergency plan. A written emergencyplan shall be developed to ensure that proper actionsare taken in the event of an emergency, and the planshall be followed if an emergency condition occurs.The process of developing and updating the plan shallinvolve the participation of affected employees.
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE 341
5001.3.3.16 Accident procedures. Written proceduresfor investigation and documentation of accidents shallbe developed, and accidents shall be investigated anddocumented in accordance with these procedures.
5001.3.3.17 Consequence analysis. Where an acciden-tal release of hazardous materials could endanger peo-ple or property, either on or off-site, an analysis of theexpected consequences of a plausible release shall beperformed and utilized in the analysis and selection ofactive and passive hazard mitigation controls.
5001.3.3.18 Safety audits. Safety audits shall be con-ducted on a periodic basis to verify compliance with therequirements of this section.
5001.4 Retail and wholesale storage and display. For retailand wholesale storage and display of nonflammable solid andnonflammable or noncombustible liquid hazardous materialsin Group M occupancies and storage in Group S occupancies,see Section 5003.11.
5001.5 Permits. Permits shall be required as set forth in Sec-tions 105.6 and 105.7.
When required by the fire code official, permittees shallapply for approval to permanently close a storage, use or han-dling facility. Such application shall be submitted not lessthan 30 days prior to the termination of the storage, use orhandling of hazardous materials. The fire code official isauthorized to require that the application be accompanied byan approved facility closure plan in accordance with Section5001.6.3.
5001.5.1 Hazardous Materials Management Plan.Where required by the fire code official, an application fora permit shall include a Hazardous Materials ManagementPlan (HMMP). The HMMP shall include a facility siteplan designating the following:
1. Access to each storage and use area.
2. Location of emergency equipment.
3. Location where liaison will meet emergencyresponders.
4. Facility evacuation meeting point locations.
5. The general purpose of other areas within the build-ing.
6. Location of all above-ground and underground tanksand their appurtenances including, but not limitedto, sumps, vaults, below-grade treatment systemsand piping.
7. The hazard classes in each area.
8. Locations of all control areas and Group H occupan-cies.
9. Emergency exits.
5001.5.2 Hazardous Materials Inventory Statement(HMIS). Where required by the fire code official, anapplication for or renewal of a permit shall include anHMIS ((, such as Superfund Amendments and Reauthori-zation Act of 1986 (SARA) Title III, Tier II Report orother approved statement. The HMIS shall include)) thatincludes the following information:
1. Product name.
2. Component.
3. Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) number.
4. Location where stored or used.
5. Container size.
6. Hazard classification.
7. Amount in storage.
8. Amount in use-closed systems.
9. Amount in use-open systems.
5001.5.2 Point of Information
Prior to developing a HMIS, please contact the SpecialHazards Unit of the Fire Prevention Division for specificguidelines, format and assistance.
5001.6 Facility closure. Facilities shall be placed out of ser-vice in accordance with Sections 5001.6.1 through 5001.6.3.
5001.6.1 Temporarily out-of-service facilities. Facilitiesthat are temporarily out of service shall continue to main-tain a permit and be monitored and inspected.
5001.6.2 Permanently out-of-service facilities. Facili-ties for which a permit is not kept current or is not moni-tored and inspected on a regular basis shall be deemed tobe permanently out of service and shall be closed in anapproved manner. Where required by the fire code official,permittees shall apply for approval to close permanentlystorage, use or handling facilities. The fire code official isauthorized to require that such application be accompaniedby an approved facility closure plan in accordance withSection 5001.6.3.
5001.6.3 Facility closure plan. Where a facility closureplan is required in accordance with Section 5001.5 to ter-minate storage, dispensing, handling or use of hazardousmaterials, it shall be submitted to the fire code official notless than 30 days prior to facility closure. The plan shalldemonstrate that hazardous materials that are stored, dis-pensed, handled or used in the facility will be transported,disposed of or reused in a manner that eliminates the needfor further maintenance and any threat to public health andsafety.
5001.7 Biosafety level 3 and biosafety level 4 operations.The fire code official shall be notified in writing annually oflocations where biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) or biosafety level 4(BSL-4) operations as defined by the U.S. Department ofHealth and Human Services Centers for Disease Control andPrevention and National Institutes of Health (CDC/NIH) arebeing performed. Such notification shall identify the loca-tion(s) within the building where BSL-3 and BSL-4 opera-tions are conducted and shall certify compliance with theCDC/NIH’s recommended practices for such operations.
SECTION 5002DEFINITIONS
5002.1 Definitions. The following terms are defined in Chap-ter 2:
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
342 2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
BOILING POINT.
CEILING LIMIT.
CHEMICAL.
CHEMICAL NAME.
CLOSED CONTAINER.
CONTAINER.
CONTROL AREA.
CYLINDER.
DAY BOX.
DEFLAGRATION.
DESIGN PRESSURE.
DETACHED BUILDING.
DISPENSING.
EXCESS FLOW CONTROL.
EXHAUSTED ENCLOSURE.
EXPLOSION.
FLAMMABLE VAPORS OR FUMES.
GAS CABINET.
GAS ROOM.
HANDLING.
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS.
HEALTH HAZARD.
IMMEDIATELY DANGEROUS TO LIFE ANDHEALTH (IDLH).
INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS.
LIQUID.
LOWER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT (LEL).
LOWER FLAMMABLE LIMIT (LFL).
((MATERIAL)) SAFETY DATA SHEET (((M))SDS).
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PERCONTROL AREA.
NON-PRODUCTION LABORATORY FACILITY.
NORMAL TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE (NTP).
OUTDOOR CONTROL AREA.
PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT (PEL).
PESTICIDE.
PHYSICAL HAZARD.
PRESSURE VESSEL.
SAFETY CAN.
SECONDARY CONTAINMENT.
SEGREGATED.
SOLID.
STORAGE, HAZARDOUS MATERIALS.
SYSTEM.
TANK, ATMOSPHERIC.
TANK, PORTABLE.
TANK, STATIONARY.
TANK VEHICLE.
UNAUTHORIZED DISCHARGE.
USE (MATERIAL).
VAPOR PRESSURE.
SECTION 5003GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
5003.1 Scope. The storage, use and handling of all hazardousmaterials shall be in accordance with this section.
5003.1.1 Maximum allowable quantity per controlarea. The maximum allowable quantity per control areashall be as specified in Tables 5003.1.1(1) through5003.1.1(4).
For retail and wholesale storage and display in GroupM occupancies and Group S storage, see Section 5003.11.Non-production laboratory facilities may be in accordancewith Section 5003.13.
5003.1.2 Conversion. Where quantities are indicated inpounds and where the weight per gallon of the liquid is notprovided to the fire code official, a conversion factor of 10pounds per gallon (1.2 kg/L) shall be used.
5003.1.3 Quantities not exceeding the maximum allow-able quantity per control area. The storage, use and han-dling of hazardous materials in quantities not exceedingthe maximum allowable quantity per control area indi-cated in Tables 5003.1.1(1) through 5003.1.1(4) shall be inaccordance with Sections 5001 and 5003.
5003.1.4 Quantities exceeding the maximum allowablequantity per control area. The storage and use of hazard-ous materials in quantities exceeding the maximum allow-able quantity per control area indicated in Tables5003.1.1(1) through 5003.1.1(4) shall be in accordancewith this chapter.
5003.2 Systems, equipment and processes. Systems, equip-ment and processes utilized for storage, dispensing, use orhandling of hazardous materials shall be in accordance withSections 5003.2.1 through 5003.2.8.
5003.2.1 Design and construction of containers, cylin-ders and tanks. Containers, cylinders and tanks shall bedesigned and constructed in accordance with approvedstandards. Containers, cylinders, tanks and other meansused for containment of hazardous materials shall be of anapproved type. Pressure vessels not meeting DOTnrequirements for transportation shall comply with theASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
5003.2.2 Piping, tubing, valves and fittings. Piping, tub-ing, valves, and fittings conveying hazardous materialsshall be designed and installed in accordance with ASMEB31 or other approved standards, the Seattle PlumbingCode, and shall be in accordance with Sections 5003.2.2.1and 5003.2.2.2.
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE 343
5003.2.2.1 Design and construction. Piping, tubing,valves, fittings and related components used for hazard-ous materials shall be in accordance with the following:
1. Piping, tubing, valves, fittings and related com-ponents shall be designed and fabricated frommaterials that are compatible with the material tobe contained and shall be of adequate strengthand durability to withstand the pressure, struc-tural and seismic stress and exposure to whichthey are subject.
2. Piping and tubing shall be identified in accor-dance with ASME A13.1 to indicate the materialconveyed.
3. Readily accessible manual valves or automaticremotely activated fail-safe emergency shutoffvalves shall be installed on supply piping andtubing at the following locations:
3.1. The point of use.
3.2. The tank, cylinder or bulk source.
4. Manual emergency shutoff valves and controlsfor remotely activated emergency shutoff valvesshall be identified and the location shall beclearly visible, accessible and indicated by meansof a sign.
5. Backflow prevention or check valves shall beprovided where the backflow of hazardous mate-rials could create a hazardous condition or causethe unauthorized discharge of hazardous materi-als.
6. Where gases or liquids having a hazard rankingof:
Health Class 3 or 4Flammability Class 4Instability Class 3 or 4
in accordance with NFPA 704 are carried in pres-surized piping above 15 pounds per square inchgauge (psig) (103 kPa), an approved means ofleak detection and emergency shutoff or excessflow control shall be provided. Where the pipingoriginates from within a hazardous material stor-age room or area, the excess flow control shall belocated within the storage room or area. Wherethe piping originates from a bulk source, theexcess flow control shall be located as close tothe bulk source as practical.
Exceptions:
1. Piping for inlet connections designed to pre-vent backflow.
2. Piping for pressure relief devices.
5003.2.2.2 Additional regulations for supply pipingfor health-hazard materials. Supply piping and tub-ing for gases and liquids having a health-hazard rank-ing of 3 or 4 in accordance with NFPA 704 shall be inaccordance with ASME B31.3 and the following:
1. Piping and tubing utilized for the transmission ofhighly toxic, toxic or highly volatile corrosiveliquids and gases shall have welded, threaded orflanged connections throughout except for con-nections located within a ventilated enclosure ifthe material is a gas, or an approved method ofdrainage or containment is provided for connec-tions if the material is a liquid.
2. Piping and tubing shall not be located within cor-ridors, within any portion of a means of egressrequired to be enclosed in fire-resistance-ratedconstruction or in concealed spaces in areas notclassified as Group H occupancies.
Exception: Piping and tubing within the spacedefined by the walls of corridors and the floor orroof above or in concealed spaces above other occu-pancies where installed in accordance with Section415.11.6.4 of the International Building Code forGroup H-5 occupancies.
5003.2.3 Equipment, machinery and alarms. Equip-ment, machinery and required detection and alarm systemsassociated with the use, storage or handling of hazardousmaterials shall be listed or approved.
5003.2.4 Installation of tanks. Installation of tanks shallbe in accordance with Sections 5003.2.4.1 through5003.2.4.2.1.
5003.2.4.1 Underground tanks. Underground tanksused for the storage of liquid hazardous materials shallbe provided with secondary containment. In lieu of pro-viding secondary containment for an underground tank,an above-ground tank in an underground vault comply-ing with Section 5704.2.8 shall be permitted.
5003.2.4.2 Above-ground tanks. Above-ground sta-tionary tanks used for the storage of hazardous materi-als shall be located and protected in accordance withthe requirements for outdoor storage of the particularmaterial involved.
Exception: Above-ground tanks that are installed invaults complying with Section 5303.16 or 5704.2.8shall not be required to comply with location andprotection requirements for outdoor storage.
5003.2.4.2.1 Marking. Above-ground stationarytanks shall be marked as required by Section 5003.5.
5003.2.5 Empty containers and tanks. Empty containersand tanks previously used for the storage of hazardousmaterials shall be free from residual material and vapor asdefined by DOTn, the Resource Conservation and Recov-ery Act (RCRA) or other regulating authority or main-tained as specified for the storage of hazardous material.
5003.2.6 Maintenance. In addition to the requirements ofSection 5003.2.3, equipment, machinery and requireddetection and alarm systems associated with hazardousmaterials shall be maintained in an operable condition.Defective containers, cylinders and tanks shall be removedfrom service, repaired or disposed of in an approved man-ner. Defective equipment or machinery shall be removedfrom service and repaired or replaced. Required detection
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
344 2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE 345
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exce
edin
g1
.3g
allo
ns.
Inre
tail
and
who
lesa
lesa
les
occ
upa
ncie
s,th
equ
anti
ties
ofm
edic
ines
,fo
odst
uff
orco
nsu
mer
prod
uct
san
dco
smet
ics
con
tain
ing
not
mor
eth
an50
per
cen
tby
vol
ume
of
wat
er-m
isci
ble
liqu
ids
wit
hth
ere
mai
nde
rof
the
solu
tio
nsno
tb
eing
flam
mab
lesh
all
not
beli
mit
ed,p
rov
ided
that
such
mat
eria
lsar
epa
ckag
edin
indi
vid
ual
con
tain
ers
no
tex
ceed
ing
1.3
gall
ons
.
d.M
axim
um
allo
wab
leq
uant
itie
ssh
all
bein
crea
sed
100
per
cen
tin
buil
din
gseq
uip
ped
thro
ug
hout
wit
han
app
rov
edau
tom
atic
spri
nkle
rsy
stem
inac
cord
ance
wit
hS
ecti
on9
03.3
.1.1
.Whe
reN
ote
eal
soap
pli
es,
the
incr
ease
for
bot
hno
tes
shal
lbe
appl
ied
accu
mu
lati
vel
y.
(con
tinu
ed)
MA
TE
RIA
LC
LA
SS
GR
OU
PW
HE
NT
HE
MA
XIM
UM
AL
LO
WA
BL
EQ
UA
NT
ITY
ISE
XC
EE
DE
D
ST
OR
AG
Eb
US
E-C
LO
SE
DS
YS
TE
MS
bU
SE
-OP
EN
SY
ST
EM
Sb
So
lid
po
un
ds
(cu
bic
feet)
Liq
uid
ga
llo
ns
(po
un
ds
)
Gas
(cu
bic
feet
at
NT
P)
So
lid
po
un
ds
(cu
bic
feet)
Liq
uid
ga
llo
ns
(po
un
ds)
Ga
s(c
ub
icfe
et
at
NT
P)
So
lid
po
un
ds
(cu
bic
fee
t)
Liq
uid
gall
on
s(p
ou
nd
s)
Iner
tG
asG
aseo
usL
ique
fied
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NL
NL
NA
NA
NA
NA
NL
NL
NA
NA
NA
NA
Org
anic
pero
xide
UD I II III
IV V
H-1
H-2
H-3
H-3
NA
NA
1e,g
5d,e
50d
,e
125d
,e
NL
NL
(1)e,
g
(5)d
,e
(50)
d,e
(125
)d,e
NL
NL
NA
0.25
g
1d
50d
125d
NL
NL
(0.2
5)g
(1)d
(50)
d
(125
)d
NL
NL
NA
0.25
g
1d
10d
25d
NL
NL
(0.2
5)g
(1)d
(10)
d
(25)
d
NL
NL
Oxi
dize
r
4 3k 2 1
H-1
H-2
orH
-3H
-3N
A
1g
10d
,e
250d
,e
4,0
00e,
f
(1)e,
g
(10)
d,e
(250
)d,e
(4,0
00)e,
f
NA
0.25
g
2d
250d
4,00
0f
(0.2
5)g
(2)d
(250
)d
(4,0
00)f
NA
0.25
g
2d
50d
1,00
0f
(0.2
5)g
(2)d
(50)
d
(1,0
00)f
Oxi
dizi
ngga
sG
aseo
usL
ique
fied
H-3
NA
NA
(150
)d,e
1,50
0d,e
NA
NA
NA
(150
)d,
e1,
500d,
e
NA
NA
NA
Pyr
opho
ric
NA
H-2
4e,g
(4)e,
g50
e,g
1g(1
)g10
e,g
00
Uns
tabl
e(r
eact
ive)
4 3 2 1
H-1
H-1
orH
-2H
-3N
A
1e,g
5d,e
50d
,e
NL
(1)e,
g
(5)d
,e
(50)
d,e
NL
10e,
g
50d,
e
750d,
e
NL
0.25
g
1d
50d
NL
(0.2
5)g
(1)d
(50)
d
NL
2e,g
10d
,e
750d
,e
NL
0.25
g
1d
10d
NL
(0.2
5)g
(1)d
(10)
d
NL
Wat
erre
acti
ve3 2 1
H-2
H-3
NA
5d,e
50d
,e
NL
(5)d
,e
(50)
d,e
NL
NA
5d
50d
NL
(5)d
(50)
d
NL
NA
1d
10d
NL
(1)d
(10)
d
NL
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
346 2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
TA
BL
E5
00
3.1
.1(1
)—c
on
tin
ue
dM
AX
IMU
MA
LL
OW
AB
LE
QU
AN
TIT
YP
ER
CO
NT
RO
LA
RE
AO
FH
AZ
AR
DO
US
MA
TE
RIA
LS
PO
SIN
GA
PH
YS
ICA
LH
AZ
AR
Da
,j,
m,
n,p
e.M
axim
um
allo
wab
leq
uan
titi
essh
all
bein
crea
sed
100
per
cen
tw
here
sto
red
inap
prov
edst
ora
ge
cab
inet
s,d
aybo
xes
,gas
cab
inet
s,g
asro
om
s,ex
hau
sted
encl
osu
res
orin
list
edsa
fety
can
sin
acco
rdan
cew
ith
Sec
tio
n50
03.9
.10
.Wher
eN
ote
dal
soap
plie
s,th
ein
crea
sefo
rb
oth
note
ssh
all
be
app
lied
accu
mul
ativ
ely.
f.Q
uan
titi
essh
all
not
beli
mit
edin
ab
uild
ing
equi
ppe
dth
rou
gho
utw
ith
anap
pro
ved
auto
mat
icsp
rin
kler
syst
emin
acco
rdan
cew
ith
Sec
tion
903
.3.1
.1.
g.
All
owed
only
inb
uild
ings
equi
ppe
dth
rou
gho
utw
ith
anap
pro
ved
auto
mat
icsp
rin
kle
rsy
stem
.
h.
Con
tain
ing
not
mo
reth
anth
em
axim
umal
low
able
quan
tity
per
cont
rol
area
of
Cla
ssIA
,C
lass
IBor
Cla
ssIC
flam
mab
leli
quid
s.
i.T
hem
axim
umal
low
able
quan
tity
shal
ln
otap
ply
tofu
elo
ilst
orag
eco
mp
lyin
gw
ith
Sec
tion
603
.3.2
.
j.Q
uan
titi
esin
pare
nth
esis
indi
cate
quan
tity
un
its
inp
aren
thes
isat
the
hea
do
fea
chco
lum
n.
k.
Am
axim
um
quan
tity
of
200
poun
ds
of
soli
dor
20
gall
ons
ofli
quid
Cla
ss3
oxid
izer
sis
allo
wed
wh
ere
such
mat
eria
lsar
ene
cess
ary
for
mai
nten
ance
pur
pose
s,op
erat
ion
or
san
itat
ion
of
equi
pmen
tw
her
eth
est
orag
eco
nta
iner
san
dth
em
anne
rof
stor
age
are
app
rove
d.
l.N
etw
eigh
tof
pyro
tech
nic
com
pos
itio
no
fth
efi
rew
ork
s.W
here
the
net
wei
ght
ofth
epy
rote
chn
icco
mp
osit
ion
of
the
fire
wor
ksis
no
tkn
ow
n,
25p
erce
nt
ofth
eg
ross
wei
ght
of
the
fire
wor
ksin
clud
ing
pac
kag
ing
shal
lbe
used
.
m.F
or
gall
ons
of
liqu
ids,
divi
deth
eam
oun
tin
poun
dsb
y10
inac
cord
ance
wit
hS
ecti
on5
003
.1.2
.
n.
For
stor
age
and
disp
lay
quan
titi
esin
Gro
up
Man
dst
ora
geq
uant
itie
sin
Gro
upS
occu
pan
cies
com
plyi
ng
wit
hS
ecti
on5
003
.11
,see
Tab
le5
003
.11
.1.
o.
Den
sely
-pac
ked
bale
dco
tto
nth
atco
mp
lies
wit
hth
ep
acki
ngre
qui
rem
ents
of
ISO
811
5sh
all
not
bein
clud
edin
this
mat
eria
lcl
ass.
p.
The
foll
owin
gsh
all
not
bein
clud
edin
det
erm
inin
gth
em
axim
um
allo
wab
leq
uan
titi
es:
1.
Liq
uid
or
gas
eou
sfu
elin
fuel
tank
so
nve
hicl
es.
2.
Liq
uid
or
gas
eou
sfu
elin
fuel
tank
so
nm
oto
rize
deq
uipm
ent
oper
ated
inac
cord
ance
wit
hth
isco
de.
3.
Gas
eou
sfu
els
inpi
pin
gsy
stem
san
dfi
xed
appl
ianc
esre
gula
ted
by
the
Inte
rna
tio
nal
Fue
lG
asC
od
e.
4.
Liq
uid
fuel
sin
pipi
ng
syst
ems
and
fixe
dap
plia
nce
sre
gula
ted
by
the
Inte
rnat
iona
lM
echa
nic
al
Cod
e.
5.
Alc
ohol
-bas
edha
nd
rub
scl
assi
fied
asC
lass
Io
rII
liqu
ids
ind
isp
ense
rsth
atar
ein
stal
led
inac
cord
ance
wit
hS
ecti
ons
5705
.5an
d57
05.5
.1.T
helo
cati
on
of
the
alco
hol-
base
dh
and
rub
(AB
HR
)di
spen
sers
shal
lb
ep
rovi
ded
inth
eco
nstr
ucti
on
docu
men
ts.
q.
Whe
rem
anu
fact
ured
,ge
ner
ated
orus
edin
such
am
anne
rth
atth
eco
ncen
trat
ion
and
con
diti
ons
crea
tea
fire
or
expl
osi
on
haza
rdba
sed
onin
form
atio
np
repa
red
inac
cord
ance
wit
hS
ecti
on1
04.7
.2.
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE 347
TA
BL
E5
00
3.1
.1(2
)M
AX
IMU
MA
LL
OW
AB
LE
QU
AN
TIT
YP
ER
CO
NT
RO
LA
RE
AO
FH
AZ
AR
DO
US
MA
TE
RIA
LP
OS
ING
AH
EA
LT
HH
AZ
AR
Da
,c
,f,
h,
i
For
SI:
1cu
bic
foot
=0.
028
32m
3 ,1
pou
nd=
0.4
54
kg,
1g
allo
n=
3.7
85
L.
a.F
orus
eof
con
tro
lar
eas,
see
Sec
tio
n5
003.
8.3.
b.
The
aggre
gat
equ
anti
tyin
use
and
stor
age
shal
ln
otex
ceed
the
qua
nti
tyli
sted
for
sto
rag
e.
c.In
reta
ilan
dw
hole
sale
sale
so
ccup
anci
es,
the
qua
nti
ties
ofm
edic
ines
,fo
ods
tuff
orco
nsu
mer
prod
uct
san
dco
smet
ics,
con
tain
ing
not
mo
reth
an50
per
cen
tby
vol
ume
ofw
ater
-mis
cibl
eli
quid
san
dw
ith
the
rem
aind
ero
fth
eso
luti
ons
not
bein
gfl
amm
able
,sh
all
not
beli
mit
ed,p
rovi
ded
that
such
mat
eria
lsar
epa
ckag
edin
ind
ivid
ual
con
tain
ers
not
exce
edin
g1
.3g
allo
ns.
d.
Max
imu
mal
low
able
quan
titi
essh
all
bein
crea
sed
100
perc
ent
inb
uil
din
gs
equ
ipp
edth
rou
gho
ut
wit
han
appr
oved
auto
mat
icsp
rink
ler
syst
emin
acco
rdan
cew
ith
Sec
tio
n90
3.3.
1.1.
Whe
reN
ote
eal
soap
plie
s,th
ein
crea
sefo
rbo
thn
otes
shal
lbe
appl
ied
accu
mul
ativ
ely.
e.M
axim
um
allo
wab
leq
uan
titi
essh
all
bein
crea
sed
100
perc
ent
wh
ere
sto
red
inap
prov
edst
ora
geca
bin
ets,
gas
cab
inet
so
rex
haus
ted
encl
osu
res.
Whe
reN
ote
dal
soap
plie
s,th
ein
crea
sefo
rbo
thn
otes
shal
lb
eap
plie
dac
cum
ula
tive
ly.
f.F
orst
orag
ean
ddi
spla
yqu
anti
ties
inG
rou
pM
and
sto
rage
quan
titi
esin
Gro
up
Soc
cup
anci
esco
mp
lyin
gw
ith
Sec
tion
500
3.1
1,s
eeT
able
500
3.11
.1.
g.
All
owed
only
wh
ere
stor
edin
appr
oved
exha
uste
dga
sca
bine
tsor
exh
aust
eden
clo
sure
s.
h.
Qua
nti
ties
inpa
ren
thes
esin
dic
ate
quan
tity
uni
tsin
par
enth
eses
atth
ehea
dof
each
colu
mn
.
i.F
orga
llon
sof
liqu
ids,
div
ide
the
amou
nt
inpo
und
sby
10in
acco
rdan
cew
ith
Sec
tion
500
3.1.
2.
MA
TE
RIA
L
ST
OR
AG
Eb
US
E-C
LO
SE
DS
YS
TE
MS
bU
SE
-OP
EN
SY
ST
EM
Sb
So
lid
po
un
ds
d,
eL
iqu
idg
allo
ns
(po
un
ds
)d,
eG
as
cu
bic
fee
ta
tN
TP
(po
un
ds)d
So
lid
po
un
ds
dL
iqu
idg
all
on
s(p
ou
nd
s)d
Ga
sc
ub
icfe
et
at
NT
P(p
ou
nd
s)d
So
lid
po
un
ds
dL
iqu
idg
all
on
s(p
ou
nd
s)d
Cor
rosi
ves
5,00
050
0G
aseo
us81
0e
Liq
uefi
ed(1
50)
5,00
050
0G
aseo
us81
0e
Liq
uefi
ed(1
50)
1,00
010
0
Hig
hly
Tox
ics
10(1
0)G
aseo
us20
g
Liq
uefi
ed(4
)g10
(10)
Gas
eous
20g
Liq
uifi
ed(4
)g3
(3)
Tox
ics
500
(500
)G
aseo
us81
0e
Liq
uefi
ed(1
50)e
500
(500
)G
aseo
us81
0e
Liq
uefi
ed(1
50)e
125
(125
)
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
348 2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
TA
BL
E5
00
3.1
.1(3
)M
AX
IMU
MA
LL
OW
AB
LE
QU
AN
TIT
YP
ER
CO
NT
RO
LA
RE
AO
FH
AZ
AR
DO
US
MA
TE
RIA
LS
PO
SIN
GA
PH
YS
ICA
LH
AZ
AR
DIN
AN
OU
TD
OO
RC
ON
TR
OL
AR
EA
a,
b,
c,
d
For
SI:
1p
oun
d=
0.4
54kg
,1
gal
lon
=3
.78
5L
,1cu
bic
foot
=0.
028
32
m3 .
a.F
org
allo
ns
ofli
quid
s,di
vid
eth
eam
oun
tin
pou
nds
by10
inac
cord
ance
wit
hS
ecti
on5
003
.1.2
.
b.T
he
agg
rega
teq
uanti
ties
inst
orag
ean
du
sesh
all
no
tex
ceed
the
qua
nti
tyli
sted
for
sto
rage
.
c.T
he
agg
rega
tequ
anti
tyof
non
flam
mab
leso
lid
and
no
nfla
mm
able
orno
nco
mbu
stib
leli
qui
dh
azar
dou
sm
ater
ials
allo
wed
ino
utd
oor
stor
age
per
sing
lepr
oper
tyu
nder
the
sam
eo
wne
rshi
po
rco
ntro
lu
sed
for
reta
ilo
rw
hole
sale
sale
sis
allo
wed
toex
ceed
the
max
imum
allo
wab
lequ
anti
typ
erco
ntro
lar
eaw
here
such
sto
rage
isin
acco
rdan
cew
ith
Sec
tion
500
3.11
.
d.Q
uant
itie
sin
pare
nthe
ses
ind
icat
eq
uant
ity
unit
sin
pare
nth
eses
atth
ehe
ado
fea
chco
lum
n.
MA
TE
RIA
LC
LA
SS
ST
OR
AG
Eb
US
E-C
LO
SE
DS
YS
TE
MS
bU
SE
-OP
EN
SY
ST
EM
Sb
So
lid
po
un
ds
(cu
bic
fee
t)L
iqu
idg
allo
ns
(po
un
ds
)dG
as
cu
bic
feet
at
NT
PS
oli
dp
ou
nd
s(c
ub
icfe
et)
Liq
uid
gall
on
s(p
ou
nd
s)d
Ga
sc
ub
icfe
et
at
NT
PS
olid
po
un
ds
(cu
bic
feet)
Liq
uid
gall
on
s(p
ou
nd
s)d
Fla
mm
able
gas
Gas
eous
Liq
uefi
edN
otA
ppli
cabl
eN
otA
ppli
cabl
e(3
00)
3,00
0N
otA
ppli
cabl
eN
otA
ppli
cabl
eN
otA
ppli
cabl
e(1
50)
1,50
0N
otA
ppli
cabl
eN
otA
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HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE 349
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HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
350 2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
and alarm systems shall be replaced or repaired wheredefective.
5003.2.6.1 Tanks out of service for 90 days. Station-ary tanks not used for a period of 90 days shall be prop-erly safeguarded or removed in an approved manner.Such tanks shall have the fill line, gauge opening andpump connection secured against tampering. Vent linesshall be properly maintained.
5003.2.6.1.1 Return to service. Tanks that are to beplaced back in service shall be tested in an approvedmanner.
5003.2.6.2 Defective containers and tanks. Defectivecontainers and tanks shall be removed from service,repaired in accordance with approved standards or dis-posed of in an approved manner.
5003.2.7 Liquid-level limit control. Atmospheric tankshaving a capacity greater than 500 gallons (1893 L) andthat contain hazardous material liquids shall be equippedwith a liquid-level limit control or other approved meansto prevent overfilling of the tank.
5003.2.8 Seismic protection. Machinery and equipmentutilizing hazardous materials shall be braced and anchoredin accordance with the seismic design requirements of theInternational Building Code for the seismic design cate-gory in which the machinery or equipment is classified.
5003.2.9 Testing. The equipment, devices and systemslisted in Section 5003.2.9.1 shall be tested at the time ofinstallation and at one of the intervals listed in Section5003.2.9.2. Records of the tests conducted or maintenanceperformed shall be maintained in accordance with the pro-visions of Section 107.2.1.
Exceptions:
1. Periodic testing shall not be required whereapproved written documentation is provided stat-ing that testing will damage the equipment,device or system and the equipment, device orsystem is maintained as specified by the manu-facturer.
2. Periodic testing shall not be required for equip-ment, devices and systems that fail in a fail-safemanner.
3. Periodic testing shall not be required for equip-ment, devices and systems that self-diagnose andreport trouble. Records of the self-diagnosis andtrouble reporting shall be made available to thefire code official.
4. Periodic testing shall not be required if systemactivation occurs during the required test cyclefor the components activated during the testcycle.
5. Approved maintenance in accordance with Sec-tion 5003.2.6 that is performed not less thanannually or in accordance with an approvedschedule shall be allowed to meet the testingrequirements set forth in Sections 5003.2.9.1 and5003.2.9.2.
5003.2.9.1 Equipment, devices and systems requir-ing testing. The following equipment, systems anddevices shall be tested in accordance with Sections5003.2.9 and 5003.2.9.2.
1. Gas detection systems, alarms and automaticemergency shutoff valves required by Section6004.2.2.10 for highly toxic and toxic gases.
2. Limit control systems for liquid level, tempera-ture and pressure required by Sections 5003.2.7,5004.8 and 5005.1.4.
3. Emergency alarm systems and supervisionrequired by Sections 5004.9 and 5005.4.4.
4. Monitoring and supervisory systems required bySections 5004.10 and 5005.1.6.
5. Manually activated shutdown controls requiredby Section 6403.1.1.1 for compressed gas sys-tems conveying pyrophoric gases.
6. Gas detectors installed in repair garages for vehi-cles using lighter-than-air fuels required by Sec-tion 2311.7.
5003.2.9.2 Testing frequency. The equipment, sys-tems and devices listed in Section 5003.2.9.1 shall betested at one of the frequencies listed below:
1. Not less than annually.
2. In accordance with the approved manufacturer’srequirements.
3. In accordance with approved recognized industrystandards.
4. In accordance with an approved schedule.
5003.3 Release of hazardous materials. Hazardous materi-als in any quantity shall not be released into a sewer, stormdrain, ditch, drainage canal, creek, stream, river, lake or tidalwaterway or on the ground, sidewalk, street, highway or intothe atmosphere.
Exceptions:
1. The release or emission of hazardous materials isallowed where in compliance with federal, state orlocal governmental agencies, regulations or permits.
2. The release of pesticides is allowed where used inaccordance with registered label directions.
3. The release of fertilizer and soil amendments isallowed where used in accordance with manufac-turer’s specifications.
5003.3.1 Unauthorized discharges. Where hazardousmaterials are released in quantities reportable under state,federal or local regulations, the fire code official shall benotified and the following procedures required in accor-dance with Sections 5003.3.1.1 through 5003.3.1.4.
5003.3.1.1 Records. Records of the unauthorized dis-charge of hazardous materials by the permittee shall bemaintained.
5003.3.1.2 Preparation. Provisions shall be made forcontrolling and mitigating unauthorized discharges.
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE 351
5003.3.1.3 Control. Where an unauthorized dischargecaused by primary container failure is discovered, theinvolved primary container shall be repaired orremoved from service.
5003.3.1.4 Responsibility for cleanup. The person,firm or corporation responsible for an unauthorized dis-charge shall institute and complete all actions necessaryto remedy the effects of such unauthorized discharge,whether sudden or gradual, without cost to the jurisdic-tion. Where deemed necessary by the fire code official,cleanup can be initiated by the fire department or by anauthorized individual or firm. Costs associated withsuch cleanup shall be borne by the owner, operator orother person responsible for the unauthorized dis-charge.
5003.4 Material Safety Data Sheets. Material Safety DataSheets (MSDS) shall be readily available on the premises forhazardous materials regulated by this chapter. Where a haz-ardous substance is developed in a laboratory, available infor-mation shall be documented.
Exception: Designated hazardous waste.
5003.5 Hazard identification signs. Unless otherwiseexempted by the fire code official, visible hazard identifica-tion signs as specified in NFPA 704 for the specific materialcontained shall be placed on stationary containers and above-ground tanks and at entrances to locations where hazardousmaterials are stored, dispensed, used or handled in quantities
requiring a permit and at specific entrances and locations des-ignated by the fire code official.
5003.5.1 Markings. Individual containers, cartons orpackages shall be conspicuously marked or labeled in anapproved manner. Rooms or cabinets containing com-pressed gases shall be conspicuously labeled: COM-PRESSED GAS.
5003.6 Signs. Signs and markings required by Sections5003.5 and 5003.5.1 shall not be obscured or removed, shallbe in English as a primary language or in symbols allowed bythis code, shall be durable, and the size, color and letteringshall be approved.
5003.7 Sources of ignition. Sources of ignition shall complywith Sections 5003.7.1 through 5003.7.3.
5003.7.1 Smoking. Smoking shall be prohibited and “NoSmoking” signs provided as follows:
1. In rooms or areas where hazardous materials arestored or dispensed or used in open systems inamounts requiring a permit in accordance with Sec-tion 5001.5.
2. Within 25 feet (7620 mm) of outdoor storage, dis-pensing or open use areas.
3. Facilities or areas within facilities that have beendesignated as totally “no smoking” shall have “NoSmoking” signs placed at all entrances to the facilityor area. Designated areas within such facilitieswhere smoking is permitted either permanently or
TABLE 5003.8.2DETACHED BUILDING REQUIRED
For SI: 1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 cubic foot = 0.02832 m3, 1 ton = 2000 lbs. = 907.2 kg.
a. For materials that are detonable, the distance to other buildings or lot lines shall be as specified in the International Building Code. For materials classified asexplosives, the required separation distances shall be as specified in Chapter 56.
b. “Maximum Allowable Quantity” means the maximum allowable quantity per control area set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).
c. Limited to Division 1.4 materials and articles, including articles packaged for shipment, that are not regulated as an explosive under Bureau of Alcohol,Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives regulations, or unpackaged articles used in process operations that do not propagate a detonation or deflagration betweenarticles, providing the net explosive weight of individual articles does not exceed 1 pound.
A DETACHED BUILDING IS REQUIRED WHERE THE QUANTITY OF MATERIAL EXCEEDS THAT LISTED HEREIN
Material Class Solids and liquids (tons)a, b Gases (cubic feet)a, b
Explosives
Division 1.1Division 1.2Division 1.3Division 1.4Division 1.4c
Division 1.5Division 1.6
Maximum Allowable QuantityMaximum Allowable QuantityMaximum Allowable QuantityMaximum Allowable Quantity
1Maximum Allowable QuantityMaximum Allowable Quantity
Not Applicable
Oxidizers Class 4 Maximum Allowable Quantity Maximum Allowable Quantity
Unstable (reactives) detonable Class 3 or 4 Maximum Allowable Quantity Maximum Allowable Quantity
Oxidizer, liquids and solidsClass 3Class 2
1,2002,000
Not Applicable
Organic peroxides
DetonableClass IClass IIClass III
Maximum Allowable QuantityMaximum Allowable Quantity
2550
Not Applicable
Unstable (reactives) nondetonableClass 3Class 2
125
2,00010,000
Water reactivesClass 3Class 2
125
Not Applicable
Pyrophoric gases Not Applicable Not Applicable 2,000
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
352 2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
temporarily, shall be identified with signs designat-ing that smoking is permitted in these areas only.
4. In rooms or areas where flammable or combustiblehazardous materials are stored, dispensed or used.
Signs required by this section shall be in English as aprimary language or in symbols allowed by this code andshall comply with Section 310.
5003.7.2 Open flames. Open flames and high-temperaturedevices shall not be used in a manner that creates a hazard-ous condition and shall be listed for use with the hazard-ous materials stored or used.
5003.7.3 Industrial trucks. Powered industrial trucksused in areas designated as hazardous (classified) loca-tions in accordance with NFPA 70 shall be listed andlabeled for use in the environment intended in accordancewith NFPA 505.
5003.8 Construction requirements. Buildings, controlareas, enclosures and cabinets for hazardous materials shallbe in accordance with Sections 5003.8.1 through 5003.8.6.3.
5003.8.1 Buildings. Buildings, or portions thereof, inwhich hazardous materials are stored, handled or usedshall be constructed in accordance with the InternationalBuilding Code.
5003.8.2 Required detached buildings. Group H occu-pancies containing quantities of hazardous materials inexcess of those set forth in Table 5003.8.2 shall be indetached buildings.
5003.8.3 Control areas. Control areas shall comply withSections 5003.8.3.1 through 5003.8.3.5.
5003.8.3.1 Construction requirements. Control areasshall be separated from each other by fire barriers con-structed in accordance with Section 707 of the Interna-tional Building Code or horizontal assembliesconstructed in accordance with Section 711 of theInternational Building Code, or both.
5003.8.3.2 Percentage of maximum allowable quan-tities. The percentage of maximum allowable quantitiesof hazardous materials per control area allowed at each
floor level within a building shall be in accordance withTable 5003.8.3.2.
Exception: Non-production laboratory facilities arepermitted to be in accordance with Section 5003.13.
5003.8.3.3 Number. The maximum number of controlareas per floor within a building shall be in accordancewith Table 5003.8.3.2.
Exception: Non-production laboratory facilities arepermitted to be in accordance with Section 5003.13.
5003.8.3.4 Fire-resistance-rating requirements. Therequired fire-resistance rating for fire barriers shall bein accordance with Table 5003.8.3.2 or Table 5003.13for non-production laboratory facilities. The floorassembly of the control area and the construction sup-porting the floor of the control area shall have a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2-hours.
Exception: The floor assembly of the control areaand the construction supporting the floor of the con-trol area is allowed to be 1-hour fire-resistancerated in buildings of Type IIA, IIIA and VA con-struction, provided that both of the following condi-tions exist:
1. The building is equipped throughout with anautomatic sprinkler system in accordance withSection 903.3.1.1.
2. The building is three stories or less abovegrade plane.
5003.8.3.5 Hazardous material in Group M displayand storage areas and in Group S storage areas. Theaggregate quantity of nonflammable solid and nonflam-mable or noncombustible liquid hazardous materialsallowed within a single control area of a Group M dis-play and storage area or a Group S storage area isallowed to exceed the maximum allowable quantitiesper control area specified in Tables 5003.1.1(1) and5003.1.1(2) without classifying the building or use as aGroup H occupancy, provided that the materials aredisplayed and stored in accordance with Section5003.11.
TABLE 5003.8.3.2DESIGN AND NUMBER OF CONTROL AREAS
a. Percentages shall be of the maximum allowable quantity per control area shown in Tables 5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2), with all increases allowed in thefootnotes to those tables.
b. Separation shall include fire barriers and horizontal assemblies as necessary to provide separation from other portions of the building.
FLOOR LEVELPERCENTAGE OF THE MAXIMUM
ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PERCONTROL AREAa
NUMBER OF CONTROLAREAS PER FLOOR
FIRE-RESISTANCE RATING FORFIRE BARRIERS IN HOURSb
Above grade plane
Higher than 97-9654321
55
12.512.512.55075100
12222234
22222111
Below grade plane12
Lower than 2
7550
Not Allowed
32
Not Allowed
11
Not Allowed
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE 353
5003.8.4 Gas rooms. Where a gas room is used toincrease the maximum allowable quantity per control areaor provided to comply with the provisions of Chapter 60,the gas room shall be in accordance with Sections5003.8.4.1 and 5003.8.4.2.
5003.8.4.1 Construction. Gas rooms shall be protectedwith an automatic sprinkler system. Gas rooms shall beseparated from the remainder of the building in accor-dance with the requirements of the International Build-ing Code based on the occupancy group into which ithas been classified.
5003.8.4.2 Ventilation system. The ventilation systemfor gas rooms shall be designed to operate at a negativepressure in relation to the surrounding area. Highlytoxic and toxic gases shall also comply with Section6004.2.2.6. The ventilation system shall be installed inaccordance with the International Mechanical Code.
5003.8.5 Exhausted enclosures. Where an exhaustedenclosure is used to increase maximum allowable quantityper control area or where the location of hazardous mate-rials in exhausted enclosures is provided to comply withthe provisions of Chapter 60, the exhausted enclosure shallbe in accordance with Sections 5003.8.5.1 through5003.8.5.3.
5003.8.5.1 Construction. Exhausted enclosures shallbe of noncombustible construction.
5003.8.5.2 Ventilation. Exhausted enclosures shall beprovided with an exhaust ventilation system. The venti-lation system for exhausted enclosures shall bedesigned to operate at a negative pressure in relation tothe surrounding area. Ventilation systems used forhighly toxic and toxic gases shall also comply withItems 1, 2 and 3 of Section 6004.1.2. The ventilationsystem shall be installed in accordance with the Inter-national Mechanical Code.
5003.8.5.3 Fire-extinguishing system. Exhaustedenclosures where flammable materials are used shall beprotected by an approved automatic fire-extinguishingsystem in accordance with Chapter 9.
5003.8.6 Gas cabinets. Where a gas cabinet is used toincrease the maximum allowable quantity per control areaor where the location of compressed gases in gas cabinetsis provided to comply with the provisions of Chapter 60,the gas cabinet shall be in accordance with Sections5003.8.6.1 through 5003.8.6.3.
5003.8.6.1 Construction. Gas cabinets shall be con-structed in accordance with the following:
1. Constructed of not less than 0.097-inch (2.5 mm)(No. 12 gage) steel.
2. Be provided with self-closing limited accessports or noncombustible windows to give accessto equipment controls.
3. Be provided with self-closing doors.
4. Gas cabinet interiors shall be treated, coated orconstructed of materials that are compatible withthe hazardous materials stored. Such treatment,
coating or construction shall include the entireinterior of the cabinet.
5003.8.6.2 Ventilation. Gas cabinets shall be providedwith an exhaust ventilation system. The ventilation sys-tem for gas cabinets shall be designed to operate at anegative pressure in relation to the surrounding area.Ventilation systems used for highly toxic and toxicgases shall also comply with Items 1, 2 and 3 of Section6004.1.2. The ventilation system shall be installed inaccordance with the International Mechanical Code.
5003.8.6.3 Maximum number of cylinders per gascabinet. The number of cylinders contained in a singlegas cabinet shall not exceed three.
5003.8.7 Hazardous materials storage cabinets. Wherestorage cabinets are used to increase maximum allowablequantity per control area or to comply with this chapter,such cabinets shall be in accordance with Sections5003.8.7.1 and 5003.8.7.2.
5003.8.7.1 Construction. The interior of cabinets shallbe treated, coated or constructed of materials that arenonreactive with the hazardous material stored. Suchtreatment, coating or construction shall include theentire interior of the cabinet. Cabinets shall either belisted in accordance with UL 1275 as suitable for theintended storage or constructed in accordance with thefollowing:
1. Cabinets shall be of steel having a thickness ofnot less than 0.0478 inch (1.2 mm) (No. 18 gage).The cabinet, including the door, shall be doublewalled with a 11/2-inch (38 mm) airspace betweenthe walls. Joints shall be riveted or welded andshall be tight fitting. Doors shall be well fitted,self-closing and equipped with a self-latchingdevice.
2. The bottoms of cabinets utilized for the storage ofliquids shall be liquid tight to a minimum heightof 2 inches (51 mm).
Electrical equipment and devices within cabinetsused for the storage of hazardous gases or liquids shallbe in accordance with NFPA 70.
5003.8.7.2 Warning markings. Cabinets shall beclearly identified in an approved manner with red let-ters on a contrasting background to read:
HAZARDOUS—KEEP FIRE AWAY.
5003.9 General safety precautions. General precautions forthe safe storage, handling or care of hazardous materials shallbe in accordance with Sections 5003.9.1 through 5003.9.10.
5003.9.1 Personnel training and written procedures.Persons responsible for the operation of areas in whichhazardous materials are stored, dispensed, handled or usedshall be familiar with the chemical nature of the materialsand the appropriate mitigating actions necessary in theevent of fire, leak or spill.
5003.9.1.1 Fire department liaison. Responsible per-sons shall be designated and trained to be liaison per-sonnel to the fire department. These persons shall aid
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
354 2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
the fire department in preplanning emergencyresponses and identifying the locations where hazard-ous materials are located, and shall have access toMaterial Safety Data Sheets and be knowledgeable inthe site’s emergency response procedures.
5003.9.2 Security. Storage, dispensing, use and handlingareas shall be secured against unauthorized entry and safe-guarded in a manner approved by the fire code official.
5003.9.3 Protection from vehicles. Guard posts or otherapproved means shall be provided to protect storage tanksand connected piping, valves and fittings; dispensingareas; and use areas subject to vehicular damage in accor-dance with Section 312.
5003.9.4 Electrical wiring and equipment. Electricalwiring and equipment shall be installed and maintained inaccordance with NFPA 70.
5003.9.5 Static accumulation. Where processes or condi-tions exist where a flammable mixture could be ignited bystatic electricity, means shall be provided to prevent theaccumulation of a static charge.
5003.9.6 Protection from light. Materials that are sensi-tive to light shall be stored in containers designed to pro-tect them from such exposure.
5003.9.7 Shock padding. Materials that are shock sensi-tive shall be padded, suspended or otherwise protectedagainst accidental dislodgement and dislodgement duringseismic activity.
5003.9.8 Separation of incompatible materials. Incom-patible materials in storage and storage of materials thatare incompatible with materials in use shall be separatedwhere the stored materials are in containers having acapacity of more than 5 pounds (2 kg) or 0.5 gallon (2 L).Separation shall be accomplished by:
1. Segregating incompatible materials in storage by adistance of not less than 20 feet (6096 mm).
2. Isolating incompatible materials in storage by anoncombustible partition extending not less than 18inches (457 mm) above and to the sides of the storedmaterial.
3. Storing liquid and solid materials in hazardousmaterial storage cabinets.
4. Storing compressed gases in gas cabinets orexhausted enclosures in accordance with Sections5003.8.5 and 5003.8.6. Materials that are incompati-ble shall not be stored within the same cabinet orexhausted enclosure.
5003.9.9 Shelf storage. Shelving shall be of substantialconstruction, and shall be braced and anchored in accor-dance with the seismic design requirements of the Interna-tional Building Code for the seismic zone in which thematerial is located. Shelving shall be treated, coated orconstructed of materials that are compatible with the haz-ardous materials stored. Shelves shall be provided with alip or guard where used for the storage of individual con-tainers.
Exceptions:
1. Storage in hazardous material storage cabinets orlaboratory furniture specifically designed forsuch use.
2. Storage of hazardous materials in amounts notrequiring a permit in accordance with Section5001.5.
Shelf storage of hazardous materials shall be main-tained in an orderly manner.
5003.9.10 Safety cans. Safety cans shall be listed inaccordance with UL 30 where used to increase the maxi-mum allowable quantities per control area of flammableor combustible liquids in accordance with Table5003.1.1(1). Safety cans listed in accordance with UL1313 are allowed for flammable and combustible liquidswhere not used to increase the maximum allowable quanti-ties per control area and for other hazardous material liq-uids in accordance with the listing.
5003.10 Handling and transportation. In addition to therequirements of Section 5003.2, the handling and transporta-tion of hazardous materials in corridors or enclosures forstairways and ramps shall be in accordance with Sections5003.10.1 through 5003.10.3.6.
5003.10.1 Valve protection. Hazardous material gas con-tainers, cylinders and tanks in transit shall have their pro-tective caps in place. Containers, cylinders and tanks ofhighly toxic or toxic compressed gases shall have theirvalve outlets capped or plugged with an approved closuredevice in accordance with Chapter 53.
5003.10.2 Carts and trucks required. Liquids in contain-ers exceeding 5 gallons (19 L) in a corridor or enclosurefor a stairway or ramp shall be transported on a cart ortruck. Containers of hazardous materials having a hazardranking of 3 or 4 in accordance with NFPA 704 and trans-ported within corridors or interior exit stairways andramps, shall be on a cart or truck. Where carts and trucksare required for transporting hazardous materials, theyshall be in accordance with Section 5003.10.3.
Exceptions:
1. Two hazardous material liquid containers that arehand carried in acceptable safety carriers.
2. Not more than four drums not exceeding 55 gal-lons (208 L) each that are transported by suitabledrum trucks.
3. Containers and cylinders of compressed gasesthat are transported by approved hand trucks, andcontainers and cylinders not exceeding 25 pounds(11 kg) that are hand carried.
4. Solid hazardous materials not exceeding 100pounds (45 kg) that are transported by approvedhand trucks, and a single container not exceeding50 pounds (23 kg) that is hand carried.
5003.10.3 Carts and trucks. Carts and trucks required bySection 5003.10.2 to be used to transport hazardous mate-rials shall be in accordance with Sections 5003.10.3.1through 5003.10.3.6.
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5003.10.3.1 Design. Carts and trucks used to transporthazardous materials shall be designed to provide a sta-ble base for the commodities to be transported and shallhave a means of restraining containers to prevent acci-dental dislodgement. Compressed gas cylinders placedon carts and trucks shall be individually restrained.
5003.10.3.2 Speed-control devices. Carts and trucksshall be provided with a device that will enable theoperator to control safely movement by providing stopsor speed-reduction devices.
5003.10.3.3 Construction. Construction materials forhazardous material carts or trucks shall be compatiblewith the material transported. The cart or truck shall beof substantial construction.
5003.10.3.4 Spill control. Carts and trucks transportingliquids shall be capable of containing a spill from thelargest single container transported.
5003.10.3.5 Attendance. Carts and trucks used totransport materials shall not obstruct or be left unat-tended within any part of a means of egress.
5003.10.3.6 Incompatible materials. Incompatiblematerials shall not be transported on the same cart ortruck.
5003.11 Group M storage and display and Group S stor-age. The aggregate quantity of nonflammable solid and non-flammable or noncombustible liquid hazardous materialsstored and displayed within a single control area of a GroupM occupancy, or an outdoor control area, or stored in a sin-gle control area of a Group S occupancy, is allowed toexceed the maximum allowable quantity per control areaindicated in Section 5003.1 where in accordance with Sec-tions 5003.11.1 through 5003.11.3.11.
5003.11.1 Maximum allowable quantity per controlarea in Group M or S occupancies. The aggregateamount of nonflammable solid and nonflammable or non-combustible liquid hazardous materials stored and dis-played within a single control area of a Group Moccupancy or stored in a single control area of a Group Soccupancy shall not exceed the amounts set forth in Table5003.11.1.
TABLE 5003.11.1MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER INDOOR AND OUTDOOR CONTROL AREA IN GROUP M
AND S OCCUPANCIES—NONFLAMMABLE SOLIDS, NONFLAMMABLE AND NONCOMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDSd, e, f
For SI: 1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1 cubic foot = 0.02832 m3.
a. Hazard categories are as specified in Section 5001.2.2.
b. Maximum allowable quantities shall be increased 100 percent in buildings equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordancewith Section 903.3.1.1. Where Note c also applies, the increase for both notes shall be applied accumulatively.
c. Maximum allowable quantities shall be increased 100 percent where stored in approved storage cabinets in accordance with Section 5003.8. Where Note balso applies, the increase for both notes shall be applied accumulatively.
d. See Table 5003.8.3.2 for design and number of control areas.
e. Maximum allowable quantities for other hazardous material categories shall be in accordance with Section 5003.1.
f. Maximum allowable quantities shall be increased 100 percent in outdoor control areas.
g. Maximum allowable quantities shall be increased to 2,250 pounds where individual packages are in the original sealed containers from the manufacturer orpackager and do not exceed 10 pounds each.
h. Maximum allowable quantities shall be increased to 4,500 pounds where individual packages are in the original sealed containers from the manufacturer orpackager and do not exceed 10 pounds each.
i. Quantities are unlimited where protected by an automatic sprinkler system.
j. Quantities are unlimited in an outdoor control area.
CONDITION MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER CONTROL AREA
Materiala Class Solids pounds Liquids gallons
A. HEALTH-HAZARD MATERIALS—NONFLAMMABLE AND NONCOMBUSTIBLE SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS
1. Corrosivesb, c Not Applicable 9,750 975
2. Highly Toxics Not Applicable 20b, c 2b, c
3. Toxicsb, c Not Applicable 1,000 100
B. PHYSICAL-HAZARD MATERIALS—NONFLAMMABLE AND NONCOMBUSTIBLE SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS
1. Oxidizersb, c
4 Not Allowed Not Allowed
3 1,150g 115
2 2,250h 225
1 18,000i, j 1,800i, j
2. Unstable (Reactives)b, c
4 Not Allowed Not Allowed
3 550 55
2 1,150 115
1 Not Limited Not Limited
3. Water Reactives
3b, c 550 55
2b, c 1,150 115
1 Not Limited Not Limited
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356 2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
5003.11.2 Maximum allowable quantity per outdoorcontrol area in Group M or S occupancies. The aggre-gate amount of nonflammable solid and nonflammable ornoncombustible liquid hazardous materials stored and dis-played within a single outdoor control area of a Group Moccupancy shall not exceed the amounts set forth in Table5003.11.1.
5003.11.3 Storage and display. Storage and display shallbe in accordance with Sections 5003.11.3.1 through5003.11.3.11.
5003.11.3.1 Density. Storage and display of solids shallnot exceed 200 pounds per square foot (976 kg/m2) offloor area actually occupied by solid merchandise. Stor-age and display of liquids shall not exceed 20 gallonsper square foot (0.50 L/m2) of floor area actually occu-pied by liquid merchandise.
5003.11.3.2 Storage and display height. Displayheight shall not exceed 6 feet (1829 mm) above the fin-ished floor in display areas of Group M occupancies.Storage height shall not exceed 8 feet (2438 mm) abovethe finished floor in storage areas of Group M andGroup S occupancies.
5003.11.3.3 Container location. Individual containersless than 5 gallons (19 L) or less than 25 pounds (11 kg)shall be stored or displayed on pallets, racks or shelves.
5003.11.3.4 Racks and shelves. Racks and shelvesused for storage or display shall be in accordance withSection 5003.9.9.
5003.11.3.5 Container type. Containers shall beapproved for the intended use and identified as to theircontent.
5003.11.3.6 Container size. Individual containers shallnot exceed 100 pounds (45 kg) for solids or 10 gallons(38 L) for liquids in storage and display areas.
5003.11.3.7 Incompatible materials. Incompatiblematerials shall be separated in accordance with Section5003.9.8.
5003.11.3.8 Floors. Floors shall be in accordance withSection 5004.12.
5003.11.3.9 Aisles. Aisles 4 feet (1219 mm) in widthshall be maintained on three sides of the storage or dis-play area.
5003.11.3.10 Signs. Hazard identification signs shallbe provided in accordance with Section 5003.5.
5003.11.3.11 Storage plan. A storage plan illustratingthe intended storage arrangement, including the loca-tion and dimensions of aisles, and storage racks shall beprovided.
5003.12 Outdoor control areas. Outdoor control areas forhazardous materials in amounts not exceeding the maximumallowable quantity per outdoor control area shall be in accor-dance with the following:
1. Outdoor control areas shall be kept free from weeds,debris and common combustible materials not neces-sary to the storage. The area surrounding an outdoor
control area shall be kept clear of such materials fornot less than 15 feet (4572 mm).
2. Outdoor control areas shall be located not closer than20 feet (6096 mm) from a lot line that can be builtupon, public street, public alley or public way.
Exceptions:
1. For solid and liquid hazardous materials, a 2-hour fire-resistance-rated wall without open-ings extending not less than 30 inches (762mm) above and to the sides of the storage areashall be allowed in lieu of such distance.
2. For compressed gas hazardous materials,unless otherwise specified, the minimumrequired distances shall not apply where firebarriers without openings or penetrations hav-ing a minimum fire-resistance rating of 2hours interrupt the line of sight between thestorage and the exposure. The configuration ofthe fire barrier shall be designed to allow nat-ural ventilation to prevent the accumulation ofhazardous gas concentrations.
3. Where a property exceeds 10,000 square feet (929 m2),a group of two outdoor control areas is allowed whereapproved and where each control area is separated by aminimum distance of 50 feet (15 240 mm).
4. Where a property exceeds 35,000 square feet (3252m2), additional groups of outdoor control areas areallowed where approved and where each group is sepa-rated by a minimum distance of 300 feet (91 440 mm).
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Table 5003.13 applies to non-production laboratory facilities meeting the criteria of section 5003.13
a) Percentages shall be of the maximum allowable quantity per control area shown in Tables 5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2), with all increases allowed in thefootnotes to those tables
b) Fire barriers shall include walls and floors as necessary to provide separation from other portions of the building
c) Vertical fire barriers separating control areas from other spaces on the same floor may be one hour rated.
5003.13 Non-production laboratory facilities. Non-produc-tion laboratory facilities are permitted to comply with Sec-tions 5003.13.1 through 5003.13.4 in lieu of section 5003.8.3.
5003.13.1 Maximum allowable quantity per controlarea. The aggregate amount of hazardous materials in acontrol area shall not exceed the percentage specified inTable 5003.13.
5003.13.2 Fire-resistance-rating requirements. Therequired fire-resistance-rating for fire barriers shall be inaccordance with Table 5003.13 for non-production labora-tory facilities.
5003.13.3 Storage. Storage in control areas shall be inaccordance with this code and Sections 5003.13.3.1through 5003.13.3.4.
5003.13.3.1 Density. Storage of Class I flammable liq-uids shall not exceed 4 gallons per 100 square feet(0.13 L/m2) of floor area above floor level 6.
5003.13.3.2 Container size. Individual containers instorage shall not exceed 1 gallon (3.8 L) for Class Iflammable liquids.
5003.13.4 Automatic sprinkler system. An approvedautomatic sprinkler system shall be installed throughout abuilding containing a non-production laboratory facility.The sprinkler system shall be designed to protect an ordi-nary hazard group 2 occupancy.
SECTION 5004STORAGE
5004.1 Scope. Storage of hazardous materials in amountsexceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control areaas set forth in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Sec-tions 5001, 5003 and 5004. Storage of hazardous materials inamounts not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity percontrol area as set forth in Section 5003.1 shall be in accor-dance with Sections 5001 and 5003. Retail and wholesalestorage and display of nonflammable solid and nonflammableand noncombustible liquid hazardous materials in Group Moccupancies and Group S storage shall be in accordance withSection 5003.11.
5004.2 Spill control and secondary containment for liquidand solid hazardous materials. Rooms, buildings or areasused for the storage of liquid or solid hazardous materialsshall be provided with spill control and secondary contain-ment in accordance with Sections 5004.2.1 through 5004.2.3.
Exception: Outdoor storage of containers on approvedcontainment pallets in accordance with Section 5004.2.3.
5004.2.1 Spill control for hazardous material liquids.Rooms, buildings or areas used for the storage of hazard-ous material liquids in individual vessels having a capacityof more than 55 gallons (208 L), or in which the aggregatecapacity of multiple vessels exceeds 1,000 gallons (3785L), shall be provided with spill control to prevent the flowof liquids to adjoining areas. Floors in indoor locationsand similar surfaces in outdoor locations shall be con-structed to contain a spill from the largest single vessel byone of the following methods:
Table 5003.13
Design and Number of Control Areas in Non-Production Laboratory Facilitiesa
Floor Level Percentage of the MaximumAllowable Quantity per Control Area
b
Number of Control Areasper Floor
Fire-Resistance Ratingfor Fire Barriers in
Hoursc,d
Above GradePlane
Higher than 206 - 20
54321
Not Allowed1525255075100
Not Allowed222222
Not Allowed222211
Below GradePlane
12
Lower than 2
7550
Not Allowed
22
Not Allowed
11
Not Allowed
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1. Liquid-tight sloped or recessed floors in indoor loca-tions or similar areas in outdoor locations.
2. Liquid-tight floors in indoor locations or similarareas in outdoor locations provided with liquid-tightraised or recessed sills or dikes.
3. Sumps and collection systems.
4. Other approved engineered systems.
Except for surfacing, the floors, sills, dikes, sumps andcollection systems shall be constructed of noncombustiblematerial, and the liquid-tight seal shall be compatible withthe material stored. Where liquid-tight sills or dikes areprovided, they are not required at perimeter openings hav-ing an open-grate trench across the opening that connectsto an approved collection system.
5004.2.2 Secondary containment for hazardous mate-rial liquids and solids. Where required by Table 5004.2.2buildings, rooms or areas used for the storage of hazardousmaterials liquids or solids shall be provided with second-ary containment in accordance with this section where thecapacity of an individual vessel or the aggregate capacityof multiple vessels exceeds both of the following:
1. Liquids: Capacity of an individual vessel exceeds 55gallons (208 L) or the aggregate capacity of multiplevessels exceeds 1,000 gallons (3785 L).
2. Solids: Capacity of an individual vessel exceeds 550pounds (250 kg) or the aggregate capacity of multi-ple vessels exceeds 10,000 pounds (4540 kg).
5004.2.2.1 Containment and drainage methods. Thebuilding, room or area shall contain or drain the hazard-ous materials and fire protection water through the useof one of the following methods:
1. Liquid-tight sloped or recessed floors in indoorlocations or similar areas in outdoor locations.
2. Liquid-tight floors in indoor locations or similarareas in outdoor locations provided with liquid-tight raised or recessed sills or dikes.
3. Sumps and collection systems.
4. Drainage systems leading to an approved loca-tion.
5. Other approved engineered systems.
TABLE 5004.2.2REQUIRED SECONDARY CONTAINMENT—HAZARDOUS MATERIAL SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS STORAGE
MATERIALINDOOR STORAGE OUTDOOR STORAGE
Solids Liquids Solids Liquids
1. Physical-hazard materials
Combustible liquids
Class II
NotApplicable
See Chapter 57
NotApplicable
See Chapter 57
Class IIIA See Chapter 57 See Chapter 57
Class IIIB See Chapter 57 See Chapter 57
Cryogenic fluids See Chapter 55 See Chapter 55
Explosives See Chapter 56 See Chapter 56
Flammable liquids
Class IANot
Applicable
See Chapter 57Not
Applicable
See Chapter 57
Class IB See Chapter 57 See Chapter 57
Class IC See Chapter 57 See Chapter 57
Flammable solids Not Required Not Applicable Not Required Not Applicable
Organic peroxides
UnclassifiedDetonable
Required Required Not Required Not RequiredClass I
Class II
Class III
Class IV
Class V Not Required Not Required Not Required Not Required
Oxidizers
Class 4
Required Required Not Required Not RequiredClass 3
Class 2
Class 1 Not Required Not Required Not Required Not Required
Pyrophorics Not Required Required Not Required Required
Unstable (reactives)
Class 4
Required Required Required RequiredClass 3
Class 2
Class 1 Not Required Not Required Not Required Not Required
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5004.2.2.2 Incompatible materials. Incompatiblematerials used in open systems shall be separated fromeach other in the secondary containment system.
5004.2.2.3 Indoor design. Secondary containment forindoor storage areas shall be designed to contain a spillfrom the largest vessel plus the design flow volume offire protection water calculated to discharge from thefire-extinguishing system over the minimum requiredsystem design area or area of the room or area in whichthe storage is located, whichever is smaller. The con-tainment capacity shall be designed to contain the flowfor a period of 20 minutes.
5004.2.2.4 Outdoor design. Secondary containmentfor outdoor storage areas shall be designed to contain aspill from the largest individual vessel. If the area isopen to rainfall, secondary containment shall bedesigned to include the volume of a 24-hour rainfall asdetermined by a 25-year storm and provisions shall bemade to drain accumulations of groundwater and rain-water.
5004.2.2.5 Monitoring. An approved monitoringmethod shall be provided to detect hazardous materialsin the secondary containment system. The monitoringmethod is allowed to be visual inspection of the pri-mary or secondary containment, or other approvedmeans. Where secondary containment is subject to theintrusion of water, a monitoring method for detectingwater shall be provided. Where monitoring devices areprovided, they shall be connected to approved visual oraudible alarms.
5004.2.2.6 Drainage system design. Drainage systemsshall be in accordance with the International PlumbingCode and all of the following:
1. The slope of floors to drains in indoor locations,or similar areas in outdoor locations shall be notless than 1 percent.
2. Drains from indoor storage areas shall be sized tocarry the volume of the fire protection water asdetermined by the design density dischargedfrom the automatic fire-extinguishing systemover the minimum required system design area orarea of the room or area in which the storage islocated, whichever is smaller.
3. Drains from outdoor storage areas shall be sizedto carry the volume of the fire flow and the vol-ume of a 24-hour rainfall as determined by a 25-year storm.
4. Materials of construction for drainage systemsshall be compatible with the materials stored.
5. Incompatible materials used in open systemsshall be separated from each other in the drainagesystem.
6. Drains shall terminate in an approved locationaway from buildings, valves, means of egress,fire access roadways, adjoining property andstorm drains.
5004.2.3 Containment pallets. Where used as an alterna-tive to spill control and secondary containment for outdoorstorage in accordance with the exception in Section5004.2, containment pallets shall comply with all of thefollowing:
1. A liquid-tight sump accessible for visual inspectionshall be provided.
2. The sump shall be designed to contain not less than66 gallons (250 L).
3. Exposed surfaces shall be compatible with materialstored.
4. Containment pallets shall be protected to preventcollection of rainwater within the sump.
5004.3 Ventilation. Indoor storage areas and storage build-ings shall be provided with mechanical exhaust ventilation ornatural ventilation where natural ventilation can be shown tobe acceptable for the materials as stored.
Exception: Storage areas for flammable solids complyingwith Chapter 59.
5004.3.1 System requirements. Exhaust ventilation sys-tems shall comply with all of the following:
1. Installation shall be in accordance with the Interna-tional Mechanical Code.
2. Mechanical ventilation shall be at a rate of not lessthan 1 cubic foot per minute per square foot[0.00508 m3/(s ∙ m2)] of floor area over the storagearea.
3. Systems shall operate continuously unless alterna-tive designs are approved.
4. A manual shutoff control shall be provided outsideof the room in a position adjacent to the access doorto the room or in an approved location. The switchshall be a break-glass or other approved type andshall be labeled: VENTILATION SYSTEM EMER-GENCY SHUTOFF.
Water reactives
Class 3Required Required Required Required
Class 2
Class 1 Not Required Not Required Not Required Not Required
2. Health-hazard materials
Corrosives Not Required Required Not Required Required
Highly toxicsRequired Required Required Required
Toxics
TABLE 5004.2.2—continuedREQUIRED SECONDARY CONTAINMENT—HAZARDOUS MATERIAL SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS STORAGE
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5. Exhaust ventilation shall be designed to consider thedensity of the potential fumes or vapors released.For fumes or vapors that are heavier than air,exhaust shall be taken from a point within 12 inches(305 mm) of the floor. For fumes or vapors that arelighter than air, exhaust shall be taken from a pointwithin 12 inches (305 mm) of the highest point ofthe room.
6. The location of both the exhaust and inlet air open-ings shall be designed to provide air movementacross all portions of the floor or room to prevent theaccumulation of vapors.
7. Exhaust air shall not be recirculated to occupiedareas if the materials stored are capable of emittinghazardous vapors and contaminants have not beenremoved. Air contaminated with explosive or flam-mable vapors, fumes or dusts; flammable, highlytoxic or toxic gases; or radioactive materials shallnot be recirculated.
5004.4 Separation of incompatible hazardous materials.Incompatible materials shall be separated in accordance withSection 5003.9.8.
5004.5 Automatic sprinkler systems. Indoor storage areasand storage buildings shall be equipped throughout with anapproved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Sec-tion 903.3.1.1. The design of the sprinkler system shall be notless than that required for Ordinary Hazard Group 2 with aminimum design area of 3,000 square feet (279 m2). Wherethe materials or storage arrangement are required by otherregulations to be provided with a higher level of sprinklersystem protection, the higher level of sprinkler system protec-tion shall be provided.
5004.6 Explosion control. Indoor storage rooms, areas andbuildings shall be provided with explosion control in accor-dance with Section 911.
5004.7 Standby or emergency power. Where mechanicalventilation, treatment systems, temperature control, alarm,detection or other electrically operated systems are required,such systems shall be provided with an emergency or standbypower in accordance with Section 604.
For storage areas for highly toxic or toxic materials, seeSections 6004.2.2.8 and 6004.3.4.2.
5004.7.1 Exempt applications. Standby or emergencypower is not required for mechanical ventilation systemsfor any of the following:
1. Storage of Class IB and Class IC flammable andcombustible liquids in closed containers not exceed-ing 61/2 gallons (25 L) capacity.
2. Storage of Class 1 and 2 oxidizers.
3. Storage of Class II, III, IV and V organic peroxides.
4. Storage of asphyxiant, irritant and radioactive gases.
5004.7.2 Fail-safe engineered systems. Standby powerfor mechanical ventilation, treatment systems and tem-perature control systems shall not be required where anapproved fail-safe engineered system is installed..
5004.8 Limit controls. Limit controls shall be provided inaccordance with Sections 5004.8.1 and 5004.8.2.
5004.8.1 Temperature control. Materials that must bekept at temperatures other than normal ambient tempera-tures to prevent a hazardous reaction shall be providedwith an approved means to maintain the temperaturewithin a safe range. Redundant temperature control equip-ment that will operate on failure of the primary tempera-ture control system shall be provided. Where approved,alternative means that prevent a hazardous reaction areallowed.
5004.8.2 Pressure control. Stationary tanks and equip-ment containing hazardous material liquids that can gener-ate pressures exceeding design limits because of exposurefires or internal reaction shall have some form of construc-tion or other approved means that will relieve excessiveinternal pressure. The means of pressure relief shall ventto an approved location or to an exhaust scrubber or treat-ment system where required by Chapter 60.
5004.9 Emergency alarm. An approved manual emergencyalarm system shall be provided in buildings, rooms or areasused for storage of hazardous materials. Emergency alarm-initiating devices shall be installed outside of each interiorexit or exit access door of storage buildings, rooms or areas.Activation of an emergency alarm-initiating device shallsound a local alarm to alert occupants of an emergency situa-tion involving hazardous materials.
5004.10 Supervision and monitoring. Emergency alarm,detection and automatic fire-extinguishing systems requiredby Section 5004 shall be electrically supervised and moni-tored by an approved supervising station or, where approved,shall initiate an audible and visual signal at a constantlyattended on-site location.
5004.11 Clearance from combustibles. The area surround-ing an outdoor storage area or tank shall be kept clear of com-bustible materials and vegetation for a minimum distance of25 feet (7620 mm).
5004.12 Noncombustible floor. Except for surfacing, floorsof storage areas shall be of noncombustible construction.
5004.13 Weather protection. Where overhead noncombusti-ble construction is provided for sheltering outdoor hazardousmaterial storage areas, such storage shall not be consideredindoor storage where the area is constructed in accordancewith the requirements for weather protection as required bythe International Building Code.
Exception: Storage of explosive materials shall be consid-ered as indoor storage.
SECTION 5005USE, DISPENSING AND HANDLING
5005.1 General. Use, dispensing and handling of hazardousmaterials in amounts exceeding the maximum allowablequantity per control area set forth in Section 5003.1 shall bein accordance with Sections 5001, 5003 and 5005. Use, dis-pensing and handling of hazardous materials in amounts notexceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area
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set forth in Section 5003.1 shall be in accordance with Sec-tions 5001 and 5003.
5005.1.1 Separation of incompatible materials. Separa-tion of incompatible materials shall be in accordance withSection 5003.9.8.
5005.1.2 Noncombustible floor. Except for surfacing,floors of areas where liquid or solid hazardous materialsare dispensed or used in open systems shall be of noncom-bustible, liquid-tight construction.
5005.1.3 Spill control and secondary containment forhazardous material liquids. Where required by otherprovisions of Section 5005, spill control and secondarycontainment shall be provided for hazardous material liq-uids in accordance with Section 5004.2.
5005.1.4 Limit controls. Limit controls shall be providedin accordance with Sections 5005.1.4.1 through5005.1.4.4.
5005.1.4.1 High-liquid-level control. Open tanks inwhich liquid hazardous materials are used shall beequipped with a liquid-level limit control or othermeans to prevent overfilling of the tank.
5005.1.4.2 Low-liquid-level control. Approved safe-guards shall be provided to prevent a low-liquid level ina tank from creating a hazardous condition, includingbut not limited to, overheating of a tank or its contents.
5005.1.4.3 Temperature control. Temperature controlshall be provided in accordance with Section 5004.8.1.
5005.1.4.4 Pressure control. Pressure control shall beprovided in accordance with Section 5004.8.2.
TABLE 5005.2.1.4REQUIRED SECONDARY CONTAINMENT—HAZARDOUS MATERIAL LIQUIDS USE
MATERIAL INDOOR LIQUIDS USE OUTDOOR LIQUIDS USE
1. Physical-hazard materials
Combustible liquids
Class II See Chapter 57 See Chapter 57
Class IIIA See Chapter 57 See Chapter 57
Class IIIB See Chapter 57 See Chapter 57
Cryogenic fluids See Chapter 55 See Chapter 55
Explosives See Chapter 56 See Chapter 56
Flammable liquids
Class IA See Chapter 57 See Chapter 57
Class IB See Chapter 57 See Chapter 57
Class IC See Chapter 57 See Chapter 57
Flammable solids Not Applicable Not Applicable
Organic peroxides
Unclassified Detonable Required Required
Class I
Required RequiredClass II
Class III
Class IV
Class V Not Required Not Required
Oxidizers
Class 4
Required RequiredClass 3
Class 2
Class 1
Pyrophorics Required Required
Unstable (reactives)
Class 4
Required RequiredClass 3
Class 2
Class 1 Not Required Required
Water reactives
Class 3Required Required
Class 2
Class 1 Not Required Required
2. Health-hazard materials
Corrosives
Required RequiredHighly toxics
Toxics
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362 2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
5005.1.5 Legally required ((S)) standby or emergencypower. Where mechanical ventilation, treatment systems,temperature control, manual alarm, detection or other elec-trically operated systems are required, such systems shallbe provided with an emergency or legally requiredstandby power system in accordance with NFPA 70 andSection 604.
5005.1.5.1 Exempt applications. Legally required((S)) standby power for mechanical ventilation, treat-ment systems and temperature control systems shall notbe required where an approved fail-safe engineeredsystem is installed.
5005.1.6 Supervision and monitoring. Manual alarm,detection and automatic fire-extinguishing systemsrequired by other provisions of Section 5005 shall be elec-trically supervised and monitored by an approved supervi-sory service or, where approved, shall initiate an audibleand visual signal at a constantly attended on-site location.
5005.1.7 Lighting. Adequate lighting by natural or artifi-cial means shall be provided.
5005.1.8 Fire-extinguishing systems. Indoor rooms orareas in which hazardous materials are dispensed or usedshall be protected by an automatic fire-extinguishing sys-tem in accordance with Chapter 9. Sprinkler system designshall be not less than that required for Ordinary Hazard,Group 2, with a minimum design area of 3,000 square feet(279 m2). Where the materials or storage arrangement arerequired by other regulations to be provided with a higherlevel of sprinkler system protection, the higher level ofsprinkler system protection shall be provided.
5005.1.9 Ventilation. Indoor dispensing and use areasshall be provided with exhaust ventilation in accordancewith Section 5004.3.
Exception: Ventilation is not required for dispensingand use of flammable solids other than finely dividedparticles.
5005.1.10 Liquid transfer. Liquids having a hazard rank-ing of 3 or 4 in accordance with NFPA 704 shall be trans-ferred by one of the following methods:
1. From safety cans complying with UL 30.
2. Through an approved closed piping system.
3. From containers or tanks by an approved pump tak-ing suction through an opening in the top of the con-tainer or tank.
4. From containers or tanks by gravity through anapproved self-closing or automatic-closing valvewhere the container or tank and dispensing opera-tions are provided with spill control and secondarycontainment in accordance with Section 5004.2.Highly toxic liquids shall not be dispensed by grav-ity from tanks.
5. Approved engineered liquid transfer systems.
Exceptions:
1. Liquids having a hazard ranking of 4 where dis-pensed from approved containers not exceeding1.3 gallons (5 L).
2. Liquids having a hazard ranking of 3 where dis-pensed from approved containers not exceeding5.3 gallons (20 L).
5005.1.11 Design. Systems shall be suitable for the useintended and shall be designed by persons competent insuch design. Controls shall be designed to prevent materi-als from entering or leaving the process or reaction systemat other than the intended time, rate or path. Where failureof an automatic control could result in a dangerous condi-tion or reaction, the automatic control shall be fail-safe.
5005.2 Indoor dispensing and use. Indoor dispensing anduse of hazardous materials shall be in buildings complyingwith the International Building Code and in accordance withSection 5005.1 and Sections 5005.2.1 through 5005.2.2.4.
5005.2.1 Open systems. Dispensing and use of hazardousmaterials in open containers or systems shall be in accor-dance with Sections 5005.2.1.1 through 5005.2.1.4.
5005.2.1.1 Ventilation. Where gases, liquids or solidshaving a hazard ranking of 3 or 4 in accordance withNFPA 704 are dispensed or used, mechanical exhaustventilation shall be provided to capture gases, fumes,mists or vapors at the point of generation.
Exception: Gases, liquids or solids that can bedemonstrated not to create harmful gases, fumes,mists or vapors.
5005.2.1.2 Explosion control. Explosion control shallbe provided in accordance with Section 5004.6 wherean explosive environment can occur because of thecharacteristics or nature of the hazardous materials dis-pensed or used, or as a result of the dispensing or useprocess.
5005.2.1.3 Spill control for hazardous material liq-uids. Buildings, rooms or areas where hazardous mate-rial liquids are dispensed into vessels exceeding a 1.3-gallon (5 L) capacity or used in open systems exceedinga 5.3-gallon (20 L) capacity shall be provided with spillcontrol in accordance with Section 5004.2.1.
5005.2.1.4 Secondary containment for hazardousmaterial liquids. Where required by Table 5005.2.1.4,buildings, rooms or areas where hazardous material liq-uids are dispensed or used in open systems shall be pro-vided with secondary containment in accordance withSection 5004.2.2 where the capacity of an individualvessel or system or the capacity of multiple vessels orsystems exceeds the following:
1. Individual vessel or system: greater than 1.3 gal-lons (5 L).
2. Multiple vessels or systems: greater than 5.3 gal-lons (20 L).
5005.2.2 Closed systems. Use of hazardous materials inclosed containers or systems shall be in accordance withSections 5005.2.2.1 through 5005.2.2.4.
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2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE 363
5005.2.2.1 Ventilation. Where closed systems aredesigned to be opened as part of normal operations,ventilation shall be provided in accordance with Sec-tion 5005.2.1.1.
5005.2.2.2 Explosion control. Explosion control shallbe provided in accordance with Section 5004.6 wherean explosive environment exists because of the hazard-ous materials dispensed or used, or as a result of thedispensing or use process.
Exception: Where process vessels are designed tocontain fully the worst-case explosion anticipatedwithin the vessel under process conditions based onthe most likely failure.
5005.2.2.3 Spill control for hazardous material liq-uids. Buildings, rooms or areas where hazardous mate-rial liquids are used in individual vessels exceeding a55-gallon (208 L) capacity shall be provided with spillcontrol in accordance with Section 5004.2.1.
5005.2.2.4 Secondary containment for hazardousmaterial liquids. Where required by Table 5005.2.1.4,buildings, rooms or areas where hazardous material liq-uids are used in vessels or systems shall be providedwith secondary containment in accordance with Section5004.2.2 where the capacity of an individual vessel orsystem or the capacity of multiple vessels or systemsexceeds the following:
1. Individual vessel or system: greater than 55 gal-lons (208 L).
2. Multiple vessels or systems: greater than 1,000gallons (3785 L).
5005.3 Outdoor dispensing and use. Dispensing and use ofhazardous materials outdoors shall be in accordance withSections 5005.3.1 through 5005.3.9.
5005.3.1 Quantities exceeding the maximum allowablequantity per control area. Outdoor dispensing or use ofhazardous materials, in either closed or open containers orsystems, in amounts exceeding the maximum allowablequantity per control area indicated in Tables 5003.1.1(3)and 5003.1.1(4) shall be in accordance with Sections5001, 5003, 5005.1 and 5005.3.
5005.3.2 Quantities not exceeding the maximum allow-able quantity per control area. Outdoor dispensing oruse of hazardous materials, in either closed or open con-tainers or systems, in amounts not exceeding the maximumallowable quantity per control area indicated in Tables5003.1.1(3) and 5003.1.1(4) shall be in accordance withSections 5001 and 5003.
5005.3.3 Location. Outdoor dispensing and use areas forhazardous materials shall be located as required for out-door storage in accordance with Section 5004.
5005.3.4 Spill control for hazardous material liquids inopen systems. Outdoor areas where hazardous materialliquids are dispensed in vessels exceeding a 1.3-gallon (5L) capacity or used in open systems exceeding a 5.3-gallon(20 L) capacity shall be provided with spill control inaccordance with Section 5004.2.1.
5005.3.5 Secondary containment for hazardous mate-rial liquids in open systems. Where required by Table5005.2.1.4, outdoor areas where hazardous material liq-uids are dispensed or used in open systems shall be pro-vided with secondary containment in accordance withSection 5004.2.2 where the capacity of an individual ves-sel or system or the capacity of multiple vessels or systemsexceeds the following:
1. Individual vessel or system: greater than 1.3 gallons(5 L).
2. Multiple vessels or systems: greater than 5.3 gallons(20 L).
5005.3.6 Spill control for hazardous material liquids inclosed systems. Outdoor areas where hazardous materialliquids are used in closed systems exceeding 55 gallons(208 L) shall be provided with spill control in accordancewith Section 5004.2.1.
5005.3.7 Secondary containment for hazardous mate-rial liquids in closed systems. Where required by Table5005.2.1.4, outdoor areas where hazardous material liq-uids are dispensed or used in closed systems shall be pro-vided with secondary containment in accordance withSection 5004.2.2 where the capacity of an individual ves-sel or system or the capacity of multiple vessels or systemsexceeds the following:
1. Individual vessel or system: greater than 55 gallons(208 L).
2. Multiple vessels or systems: greater than 1,000 gal-lons (3785 L).
5005.3.8 Clearance from combustibles. The area sur-rounding an outdoor dispensing or use area shall be keptclear of combustible materials and vegetation for a mini-mum distance of 30 feet (9144 mm).
5005.3.9 Weather protection. Where overhead noncom-bustible construction is provided for sheltering outdoorhazardous material use areas, such use shall not be consid-ered indoor use where the area is constructed in accor-dance with the requirements for weather protection asrequired in the International Building Code.
Exception: Use of explosive materials shall be consid-ered as indoor use.
5005.4 Handling. Handling of hazardous materials shall bein accordance with Sections 5005.4.1 through 5005.4.4.
5005.4.1 Quantities exceeding the maximum allowablequantity per control area. Handling of hazardous materi-als in indoor and outdoor locations in amounts exceedingthe maximum allowable quantity per control area indi-cated in Tables 5003.1.1(1) through 5003.1.1(4) shall be inaccordance with Sections 5001, 5003, 5005.1 and 5005.4.
5005.4.2 Quantities not exceeding the maximum allow-able quantity per control area. Handling of hazardousmaterials in indoor locations in amounts not exceeding themaximum allowable quantity per control area indicated inTables 5003.1.1(1) and 5003.1.1(2) shall be in accordancewith Sections 5001, 5003 and 5005.1. Handling of hazard-ous materials in outdoor locations in amounts not exceed-
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—GENERAL PROVISIONS
364 2015 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
ing the maximum allowable quantity per control areaindicated in Tables 5003.1.1(3) and 5003.1.1(4) shall be inaccordance with Sections 5001 and 5003.
5005.4.3 Location. Outdoor handling areas for hazardousmaterials shall be located as required for outdoor storagein accordance with Section 5004.
5005.4.4 Dispensing, use and handling. Where hazard-ous materials having a hazard ranking of 3 or 4 in accor-dance with NFPA 704 are transported through corridors,interior exit stairways or ramps or exit passageways, thereshall be an emergency telephone system, a local manualalarm station or an approved alarm-initiating device at notmore than 150-foot (45 720 mm) intervals and at each exitand exit access doorway throughout the transport route.The signal shall be relayed to an approved central, propri-etary or remote station service or constantly attended on-site location and shall also initiate a local audible alarm.