Part 3
description
Transcript of Part 3
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Part 3“Fishes” – an introduction
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“Fishes”
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Vertebrata
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Figure 24.2Vertebrata
“Fishes”
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Fish Diversityca. 25,000 described
species
482 families with living representatives
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Largest > 12m
Smallest < 1cm
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Largest > 12m
Smallest < 1cm
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8,370m (27,455 feet) Deepest
Abyssobrotula galatheae
Highest5,200m (17,000 feet)
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Hottest
Coldest
up to 43.8° C (110.8°F)
-1.86° C (28.6°F)
Cyprinodon pachycephalus
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Hypersaline
Cyprinodon variegatus
Up to 3x sea water
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Torrential water
Colorado River Fishes
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Trogloglanis pattersoni
Satan eurystomus
Caves
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Anoxic water
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Airbreathing
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Diet
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Reproduction
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Life Spansseveral weeks
150+ years
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Primitive and early fishes
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Living jawless fishes = “agnatha”
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Jawless Fishes (living)
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Jawless Fishes (living)
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Class Myxini
Hagfishes
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We’re craniates, but not vertebrates
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*distinct head, *tripartite brain *paired specialized sense organs *1 pair semicircular canals *glomerular kidney
*2 pairs semicircular canals*vertebrae
Craniate
Vertebrate
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Habitat – Life History
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Hagfishes at home
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Slime glands and slime
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Hagfish Eggs
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Physiology very ‘invertebrate-like’
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Human interactions
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Hagfish fishery
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Eel Skin
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Vertebrata
Vertebrates
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Vertebrata
at least 2 semicircular canals
vertebrae
fancy, vertebrate physiology
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Lampreys are vertebrates
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Class CephalaspidomorphiLampreys
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LampreysWe have vertebrae
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2 families
6 genera
41 species
Lampreys
Class Cephalaspidomorphi
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Lampetra tridentata
Local Diversity
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Lampetra similis
Lampetra ayresi
Lampetra richardsoni
California Diversity (freshwater)
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Predaceous lampreys
Brook lampreys
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Predaceous or parasitic life mode
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Predaceous lampreys
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Brook lampreys
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Lampreys nesting
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Ammocoete
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Lamprey ammocoete larva
Cephalochordate (amphioxus)
Craniate Origin?
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Ammocoete
AmphioxusNiche + anatomy
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Biodiversity and ConservationLampreys have an image problem
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Great Lakes
and sea lampreys
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Most Jawless fishes are fossil only
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All sorts of fossil jawless fishes
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Mineralized bone
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Hagfishes and lampreys (living)
Fossil things – “Ostracoderms” and conodonts
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†Condodonta
Earliest vertebrate ? (with bone)
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†Condodonta
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†Condodonta
earliest bone
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†”Ostracoderms”
Fossil jawless fishes were more sophisticated that the surviving ones
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Hagfishes and lampreys (living)
Fossil things
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*Smallish
*Bony armor
*Internal cartilaginous skeleton
† “Ostracoderms”
*Mostly benthic
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† “Ostracoderms” - niche
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†”Ostracoderms” – 2 major radiations
More primitive
More advanced
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Primitive ostracoderms
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Advanced ostracoderms
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Jawed vertebrates derive from “ostracoderms”
More advanced
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on to creatures with jaws….
Jawed vertebrates
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Early gnathostomes