Part 1: Geography 1.Geography shapes history because it is where all history takes place 2. Since...
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Transcript of Part 1: Geography 1.Geography shapes history because it is where all history takes place 2. Since...
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Part 1: Geography1. Geography shapes history because it is
where all history takes place
2. Since the beginning of time, all civilizations have had to control their surrounding in order to survive
3. Topography = The physical features of a place or region
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Archipelago • A chain of islands– Italy– Japan– Oceania
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Delta
• A landform that is formed at the mouth of a river, where the river flows into an another body of water
– Nile Delta (Egypt)
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Desert
• A dry, often sandy region, with little rainfall, extreme temperatures, and sparse vegetation
– Sahara Desert (Africa)
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Gulf
• Part of a large body of water that extends into a shoreline
– Gulf of Mexico
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Regular (Smooth) Coastline
• A smooth coastline with very few natural harbors
– West Coast of Africa
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Irregular Coastline
• A non-smooth coastline, that has many natural harbors
– Britain
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Mountain
• Land with steep sides that rises sharply
– Himalayan Mountain
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Peninsula
• An area of land that is surrounded by water on three sides
– Korean Peninsula– Italy – India
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River
• Large natural stream of water that runs through the land
– Nile River– Indus River– Ganges River– Yellow River
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Isthmus
• A narrow stretch of land connecting two larger areas of land– Isthmus of Panama
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Straight
• A narrow stretch of water connecting two larger bodies of water
– Straight of Gibraltar
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Geography Terms1. Geographical Barrier = A physical
feature that separates two regions/areas/locations from each other and creates obstaclesa. Himalayan Mountains b. Sahara Desertc. Gobi Desert
2. River Valley = land that surrounds a river that is rich and fertile
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3. Deforestation = the cutting down of forests or rainforests on a massive scale and converting the land for non-forest use. • Amazon Rainforest
4. Desertification = the changing of semi-desert land to total desert land• Sahara Desert
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Political Map = a type of map that shows governmental boundaries, like countries, continents, states, and cities
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Physical Map = a type of map that shows physical features, like mountains, plains, deserts and forests.
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Latitude Longitude • Imaginary lines
that run horizontally across a map
• Lat is FLAT
• Imaginary lines that run vertically (up and down) across a map
• Long is LONG
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How do you read latitude and longitude?
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Timelines1. The period of time before written
records were kept is called prehistoric, meaning “before history”.
2. Time is customarily divided into these periods:
Prehistory Before 4000 B.C. Ancient History 4000 B.C. – A.D. 500Medieval History A.D. 500 – A.D. 1500Modern History A.D. 1500 – Present
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Common Time Terms • B.C. = Before Christ• A.D. = Anno Domini (after death
of Christ)• Decade = 10 Years• Century = 100 years
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Culture• The characteristics of a particular
group of people defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts
• Way of life for a group of people
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Cultural Diversity• Many different kinds of cultures in
one place
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Cultural Diffusion• The spread or exchange of cultures
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Ethnocentrism• The belief that your culture/ethnicity
is superior (better) than others
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