PARKINSON’S DISEASE

Alam Zeb

Roll no.09

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Parkinsonism is a progressive degenerative,disorder of muscle movement, due to dysfunction in basal ganglia.

four cardinal features:1.Bradykinesia or hypokinesia2.Muscle rigidity3.Resting tremor 4.Impairment of postural balance leading to

disturbances of gait, and falling. The secondary manifestations are mask-like face,

difficulty in speech, slowing of mental process and dementia.

Parkinson’s disease

Degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.

Degeneration of nigrostriatal (dopaminergic) tract

Imbalance primarily between the excitatory neurotransmitter Acetylcholine and inhibitory neurotransmitter Dopamine in the Basal Ganglia.

Parkinson Pathophysiology

Pathology

Treatment of Parkinson disease

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Drugs that replace dopamine (Dopamine precursor):

Levodopa Dopa-decarboxylase inhibitors (Drugs which

increase the central availability of Levodopa) Carbidopa They act in the periphery as

they do not enter brain

Drugs which increase release or inhibit reuptake of dopamine (also called dopamine facilitator)

Amantadine

Drugs which increase dopaminergic activity.