ParentheticalDocumentation

Direct Quote to Paraphrase

The bulk of the source information that you put in your final paper should be paraphrased.

As you insert the information from your notes into your rough draft, you will need to turn most direct quotes into paraphrases.

Whenever you summarize, paraphrase or use ideas

arrived at by another person Readers need to know that you are

summarizing thoughts formulated by someone else

Paraphrase, but do not Plagiarize

When paraphrasing, it is important to keep these things in mind:– you are simply putting into your own words what

another author has written. – avoid keeping the same sentence structure of the

original– Remember if you directly quote THREE or more

consecutive words, you MUST put quotation marks around them.

– If you use a specific term from an original, you must use quotation marks around it.

Example Original taken from your textbook on page 289:

There are even those who say that somebody other than Shakespeare wrote the works that bear his name, although these deluded people cannot agree on who, among a dozen candidates, this other author actually was.

Errors: Same sentence pattern, more than three consecutive words taken from original

Name the errors in the following “paraphrase”:

Many critics say that somebody other than Shakespeare wrote the plays that people currently believe he authored, although even those critics can only speculate about who the real author must be (289).

Parenthetical Documentation

This information should be placed at the end of the paraphrased or quoted material.

Read the 6 guidelines in preparing parenthetical documentation on page 13 of your research guide.

If you have no page number, the reference should be (Schwartz n.pg.).