The 2008 IAMFA Benchmarking Best Practices Workshop isscheduled for September 14, 2008. If you haven’t attended aworkshop for some time, you may not be able to visualizethe action, focus, and synergy of your FM peers discussingproblems and solutions in a closed room . . . armed withlaser pointers.

If we take a quick look behind the doors of the BestPractices workshop that was held in Ottawa last September,we’ll get a sneak preview of what you won’t want to missthis coming year.

The Best Practices Workshop, usually held the day prior tothe IAMFA Annual Conference, gives benchmarking partici-pants a forum for reviewing the documentation and discussingsurvey trends and results.

Following a warm welcome from IAMFA President GuyLarocque, participants went on a virtual tour of cultural insti-tutions around the world. In a flurry of colorful PowerPointslides, a representative from each institution explainedchanges to their facility in the past year, admitted to abenchmarking issue they would like to improve on, andbragged about a benchmarking issue at which they excel.

The short five-minute presentations were an excellentway for participants to better get to know one another.They learned that, after almost 150 years, the Art Institute ofChicago will finally be connected to the adjacent MillenniumPark. Patrick Jones had been up to his ears preparing forthe groundbreaking ceremony for the Renzo Piano-designed

PAPYRUSVOLUME 9 SPRINGNUMBER 1 2008

I N T E R N A T I O N A L A S S O C I A T I O N O F M U S E U M F A C I L I T Y A D M I N I S T R A T O R S

Sneak Preview of IAMFA Benchmarking Workshopby Stacey Wittig

INSIDE THIS ISSUELetter from the Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Message from the President . . . . . . . 6

Carbon Saving at the NaturalHistory Museum London: CIBSE—100 Days of Carbon Saving . . . . . . . . 9

Overview: Application ofMolecular Filtration forArtefact Preservation . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Proposals for the Labelling of Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Energy Star Roofs are Cool . . . . . . . 15

IAMFA Annual ConferenceLondon 2008 Draft Programme . . . 18

Separated by a Common Language! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Existing Building Commissioning . . 22

IAMFA Affiliation with ICOM . . . . . 25

United States Library of Congress—Archival Storage Facility, Fort Meade . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Member News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Regional Chapters Update . . . . . . . 32

IAMFA Members—Organizations . . 34John de Lucy of the British Library, Frank Brown of the National Gallery in London andJack Plumb of the National Library of Scotland are riveted to Jim Moisson of the HarvardUniversity Art Museums.

continued on page 2

2

pedestrian bridge happening thatweek. While Franz Vincent of theBrooklyn Art Museum discussed thechallenges of keeping water out ofhuge skylights, Kevin Streiter lamentedthe 750 skylights at the High Museumof Art, and maintenance of the sedumroof on the Piano-designed structure.

Jim Duda of the Library of Congressproclaimed, “Let the champagne out ofthe bottle so everyone can enjoy it,”while describing digital access of thelibrary’s collections. Donald Battjesdetailed expansion of the Renzo Piano-designed building at the Los AngelesCounty Museum of Art. (Seeing atrend here?)

Dean Marshall of the National Galleryof Australia brought photos of their$92-million entrance project. Jack Plumbjoked that the Library of Scotland is a“fur coat with no knickers . . . but it’swon lots of architectural awards.”

When Bob Morrone of the Philadel-phia Museum of Art announced, “Ournew 173,000-square-foot Perelman Build-ing opened yesterday,” a collective gaspwent up, as if all were wondering howhe ever made it out of Philly in timefor the Benchmarking Workshop.

Next, Keith McClanahan—founderof Facility Issues, the consulting firmspecializing in benchmarking ser-vices—examined the survey results for2007 and offered his recommenda-tions and comments. “Overall trendsinclude reducing energy costs andconsumption and the effective useof out-tasking,” he said. “FacilityManagers are increasing their use ofoccupancy surveys. Most are web-based and job ticket closure surveys.We’re seeing higher frequency rates(of the surveys) to provide moretimely information.”

This year’s benchmarking study alsomeasured and linked costs of serviceswith customer evaluation of the qualityof those services. Each participantreceived individualized survey resultswhich included charts and graphs ofindustry averages, ratios and trends thatcompare the performance measure-

ments of each institution to industryaverage performance measurements.

IAMFA Members Share“Best Practices”After spending time networking overlunch, the group reconvened for more“Best Practices Presentations”. The bestpractices had been reviewed and chosenby the IAMFA Benchmarking SteeringCommittee. The presenters sharedinformation from their organizationsthat could be used to make moreeffective decisions on the planning,designing and managing of othercultural institutions.

Joe May revealed how the GettyCenter saved $31,000 with the Com-mercial Lighting Efficiency Offer (CLEO)one-time rebate program, and savedan additional $21,000 per year inenergy costs.

The IAMFA Energy Building Labelsprogram was reviewed by Jack Plumb.The program would help identifyenergy use while encouraging energy-savings projects. By accrediting thelabels, IAMFA could gain positivepublic awareness. He explained thatmost of the information required toproduce an Energy Building Label isalready provided within the existingBenchmarking Exercise.

John de Lucy presented the BritishLibrary’s use of handhelds withComputer-Aided Facility Management(CAFM). He recommended the easeof handhelds for measuring the per-formance of cleaning and custodial,mechanical and electrical, and cateringincentive-based contractors.

“Predictive Condition-Based Main-tenance” was discussed by Dan Daviesof the National Zoological Park as hewielded a laser pointer.

According to their feedback forms,many of the participants enjoyed the

Sneak Preview of IAMFA Benchmarking Workshop — continued from page 1

Keith McClanahan of Facility Issues, Inc.,reviewing the outcome of the 2007Benchmarking Exercise.

Harry Wanless of the British Library makes a point, while Jon Roodbol of the Royal BritishColumbia Museum evaluates survey results.

3

“Hot Topics and Emerging Issues”sessions where they bantered aboutcritical issues related to Maintenance,Security, Business Continuity andPandemic Planning. Following KeithMcClanahan’s presentation, “Ideason How to Use this Information”, the“Town Hall Discussion” providedopportunities for lively interaction.

Later, Kelly Bridge of The GettyCenter shared, “Much as I enjoyed theIAMFA conference’s excellent presen-tations, eye-opening tours and extra-ordinary meet-and-greet sessions,the Benchmarking presentation andaccompanying print-outs were my mostvaluable take-away.”

Don’t miss this valuable opportunityto join the upcoming 2008 IAMFABenchmarking Exercise. Go to http://www.facilityissues.com/Registration/REG_IAMFA.asp. to register now.And don’t forget to pack your laserpointer!

Stacey Wittig is a freelance writerand the Marketing Director forFacility Issues. She may be reachedat stacey.wittig@facilityissues.com.

Participants of the 2007 IAMFA Benchmarking Exercise come together at Ottawa’s famous Fairmont Château Laurier hotel.

What is Benchmarking?

• Benchmarking is a method of improving performance by comparing your own operationswith those of others who perform better in some respects, and you can identifypossibilities for improvement.

• The manager who learns how other people do things and why they get better results,can apply the lessons to his or her own area of responsibility.

• Benchmarking is a method of improving operations. In essence it consists in lookingand learning from others by comparing yourself with them.

• Performance and behavior are not static; they change with time. Benchmarking istherefore a long-term process. It is a method that involves the whole organization insearching for the best practice outside the company.

Quoted from The Benchmarking Workbook by Bengt Karlöf. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons Limited. Reproduced with permission.

Why Benchmark?• To practice continuous improvement.

• To find best practices that lead to superior performance.

• To add value to current FM practices.

• To identify strengths and weaknesses.

• To establish goals and action plans (strategic planning).

• To support business cases for change.

• To identify institutions with best practices.

• To gain access to the executive floor.

• To justify costs and practices.

• To reduce costs.

• To network and exchange ideas with your peers from around the world.

4

Update from the Mid-YearBoard of Directors MeetingGreetings from the Getty Center inLos Angeles, California. I hope thatyou enjoy this Spring 2008 editionof Papyrus, and that you will learnsomething new from it.

I recently had the pleasure of join-ing the other IAMFA board membersin London for our mid-year Board ofDirectors meeting. As you may alreadyknow, the Board meets throughout theyear by means of conference calls todiscuss issues related to the organization,but our meeting during the annual fallconference and our mid-year Boardmeeting are the only times each yearthat we can actually meet in person anddiscuss the business of the organization.The mid-year Board meeting has theadded benefit of providing us with anopportunity to meet with members ofthe Conference Planning Committee,and to review plans for the upcomingfall conference. Our annual conferenceis the best opportunity for members toshare their ideas, experiences, questions,and challenges with their piers fromother cultural institutions.

The annual Benchmarking meeting,which is held on the day precedingthe start of the conference, focuses onissues that affect most of us, includingthe rising cost of energy. We heard thismentioned on numerous occasionsduring the Los Angeles conference in2006, and then again last fall in Ottawa.Day 1 of this year’s conference willhave the theme of Energy Managementand Cost Control. The Board agreed thatthis is an issue that we are all dealingwith, and this focus will be beneficial.

Day 2 of the London conference willhave themes of Facilities Management& Contracts, and Capital Projects, and

Day 3 will have a Sustainability theme.These themes encompass the issues thatseem to be most on our mind thesedays as we strive to operate with tighterbudgets and changing priorities. Inaddition to these topics for the fall con-ference, the Board also felt it importantthat members visit as many institutionsas practical, to gain a broad under-standing of the different conditions inwhich we operate. In London, we willvisit and attend presentations at sixvenues, including the British Museum,the National Maritime Museum, theRoyal Observatory, the National Gallery,the British Library, and the NaturalHistory Museum. All are world-classcultural institutions with uniquecollections and operating conditions.

During the Board’s visit to the BritishMuseum, we had the opportunity to sitin on the annual meeting of the UK’sIAMFA members. This year’s sponsors

for the London conference were alsoin attendance, and each described theircompany’s service offerings.

You may or may not be aware thatthe conference registration fee thateach of us pays to attend the annualIAMFA conference covers just part ofthe total cost of putting on the con-ference. In recent years, we have madesignificant progress in refining ourapproach for reaching out to sponsors,and it is obvious from the excellentsponsorship results thus far this year,that the process is providing benefitsto both sponsors as well as the mem-bers of IAMFA. IAMFA members willhave an opportunity to meet the con-ference sponsors this fall, as each willintroduce the event or thepresentation that they are sponsoring.

I think it is also worth mentioningthat one sponsor, Norland ManagedServices, made a 12.5-ton CO2 offset

Joe MayEditor, Papyrus

Letter from the Editor

Clockwise from lower left: Guy Larocque of the Canadian Museum of Civilization andCanadian War Museum, John de Lucy of the British Library, Joe May of the J. Paul GettyTrust, Jim Moisson of the Harvard University Art Museums, and Rich Kowalczyk of theSmithsonian National Air and Space Museum.

5

contribution to counter emissions gen-erated by the Board’s travel to and fromLondon to attend the board meeting.This offset was made through theSand Martin Wood Project.

Lastly, I want to introduce two topicsnew to this edition of Papyrus. Many ofyou participate annually in the IAMFABenchmarking Exercise, and each yearwe meet for a day-long Benchmarkingconference on the Sunday prior to thestart of the IAMFA conference. Pleasetake time to read Stacey Wittig’s recapof the Benchmarking Exercise in Ottawa.We would like this to be a standardarticle each year in the spring editionof Papyrus. Participation in the Bench-marking Exercise has increased nicelyover the past few years, and I hopethis recap will encourage even more toparticipate in 2008. At the Getty Center,we have plotted and tracked this dataannually now for six years, and haveused it extensively to gauge our oper-ating costs and practices with othersin the fine arts category, as well aswith the entire group as a whole. It

has helped us target opportunities forimprovement as we have taken stepsto become leaner. I would encouragethose who have not yet participated inthe Benchmarking Exercise to becomeinvolved this year.

You will also see a new MemberNews section in Papyrus. Because somany of us meet each year at the con-ference, and many bring spouses whoattend the guest program, we havedeveloped friendships that go beyondour discussions of business processes.As I mentioned in the last issue ofPapyrus, please keep us all up-to-datewith news about your institution (andyou!). One of the greatest benefits toIAMFA members is the collegial rela-tionships that we develop over theyears in the organization. We are allvery interested in hearing news abouteach other.

Thank you to all who have con-tributed to this edition of Papyrus!

Joe MaySecretary, IAMFA and Editor of Papyrus

The UK Annual meeting of IAMFA members, including the London conference sponsorsand the IAMFA Board of Directors.

IAMFA/PapyrusSPRING 2008

EditorJoe MayJ. Paul Getty Trust

Papyrus Correspondents

Glynnan Barham

Donald J. Battjes

John de Lucy

Mark DeMairo

Chris Ecob

Rebecca T. Ellis

Neal Graham

Guy Larocque

Ian MacLean

Joe May

Jon W. Netherton

Jack Plumb

Richard Reinert

Richard Stomber

Harry Wanless

Stacey Wittig

Design and LayoutPhredd Grafix

EditingArtistic License

Spanish EditorFernando Pascal

Printed in the U.S.A. byLake Litho

ISSN 1682-5241

Statements of fact and opinion are madeon the responsibility of authors alone anddo not imply an opinion on the part of theeditors, officers, or members of IAMFA. Theeditors of IAMFA Papyrus reserve the right

to accept or to reject any Article oradvertisement submitted for publication.

While we have made every attempt to ensurethat reproduction rights have been acquiredfor the illustrations used in this newsletter,please let us know if we have inadvertently

overlooked your copyright, and we will rectifythe matter in a future issue.

6

Forging IAMFA’s NetworksAt IAMFA’s mid-year Board of Directorsmeeting in London this past February,I was reminded once again of the greatvalue that networking brings to ourmembers. After a presentation by oneof the 2008 conference sponsors to thelocal IAMFA chapter meeting, the FacilityManager of one of the London museumscame up to me and asked if I couldput him in touch with someone fromthe Canada Aviation Museum, in orderto learn how some of their aircraft ondisplay were suspended from theirceilings. I simply asked him to turnaround so that I could present him toour Vice-President of Administration,Richard Kowalczyk, who was standingright behind him. Of course, given thatRichard is the Chief, Preservation andRestoration for the Smithsonian NationalAir and Space Museum, he was ableto provide invaluable advice from hisexperiences and specialized knowledgeregarding the same issue at his ownfacility. Not only was Richard’s adviceimmediately helpful to our FacilityManager, but the new alliance thatwas formed between them will be ofmutual benefit to both of them, andto their institutions, in future.

This is but one small example ofhow IAMFA activities can create anopportunity for us all to make valuablecontacts, and to share our knowledgeand experience. Whether the informa-tion gained from these encounters paysoff immediately or at some time downthe road, or leads to other contacts inour field of work, we cannot emphasize

enough the importance of networkingand the opportunities that this brings.

IAMFA has a mandate to promoteand foster communications betweenfacilities professionals at museumsas well as at other cultural facilities,enabling IAMFA members to becomemore informed and better equippedto serve their institutions. These net-working opportunities are particularlyuseful in helping facility administratorsto set and achieve standards of excel-lence and quality in the design, con-struction, operation and maintenanceof all classes of cultural facilities.

The 2008 IAMFA Annual Conferencein London, England will provide anothergreat opportunity for members to renewacquaintances and make new contacts,while also benefitting immensely fromthe learning opportunities that will bepresented there. The Board of Directorshas met with the conference organizingteam and visited the sites, and hasbeen given a taste of the venues thatawait the members. The Board hasgiven the conference organizing teama resounding thumbs-up, and we alllook forward to what is shaping up tobe an outstanding IAMFA conference.

I strongly encourage you all toattend the conference in London thisSeptember, to participate in the Yahoogroup communications forum on ourwebsite, and to take part in your localchapter meetings—all with the goal ofcontinuing to forge IAMFA’s networksto everyone’s mutual benefit.

Guy Larocque, P. Eng.President, IAMFA

Message from the President

Guy Larocque,President of IAMFA

IAMFA Board of Directors

PresidentGuy LarocqueCanadian Museum of Civilizationand Canadian War MuseumGatineau, Canadaguy.larocque@civilization.ca

V.P., AdministrationRichard KowalczykSmithsonian InstitutionWashington, D.C., USAkowalczykr@nasm.si.edu

V.P., Regional AffairsJohn de LucyThe British LibraryLondon, U.K.john.delucy@bl.uk

TreasurerJim MoissonHarvard University Art Museums Cambridge, MA, USAjames_moisson@harvard.edu

Secretary and Papyrus EditorJoseph MayJ. Paul Getty TrustLos Angeles, CA, USAJMay@getty.edu

Chairman — Conference 2008John de LucyThe British LibraryLondon, United Kingdomjohn.delucy@bl.uk

For additional contact information,please visit our website at

www.iamfa.org

7

Forger les réseaux del’IAMFAÀ la réunion de mi-année du Conseild’administration de l’IAMFA à Londresen février dernier, on m’a rappeléencore une fois la grande valeur que letissage des liens apporte à nos membres.Après une présentation par un descommanditaires de la conférence 2008à la réunion du groupe local de l’IAMFA,le gestionnaire de bâtiment d’un muséeà Londres m’a approché et m’a demandési je pouvais le mettre en contact avecquelqu’un du Musée de l’aviation duCanada. Il désirait apprendre commentce musée faisait la suspension à partirdu plafond de leurs avions en exposi-tion. Je lui ai tout simplement demandéde se retourner pour que je puisse leprésenter à notre Vice président del’Administration, Richard Kowalczyk,qui se tenait debout juste derrière lui.Comme de raison, Richard qui occupele poste de Chef, préservation et restau-ration au Musée national de l’air et del’espace du Smithsonian pouvait luifournir des conseils inestimables àpartir de son expérience et de ses con-naissances spécialisées en ce qui a traità ce même type de défi qu’il encouredans sa propre institution. Non seule-ment les conseils de Richard se sontavérés immédiatement profitables ànotre gestionnaire de bâtiment, maisla nouvelle alliance qu’ils ont formésera de bénéfice à eux et à leursinstitutions dans les années à venir.

Ceci n’est qu’un petit exemple decomment les activités de l’IAMFA peu-vent créer des opportunités pour lacréation de contacts et pour permettrele partage de connaissances et d’expé-

riences. Que l’information obtenue parces rencontres porte fruit immédiate-ment, à un moment future ou elle mèneà d’autres contacts dans ce domaine detravail, nous ne pouvons pas mettresuffisamment d’emphase sur l’impor-tance du réseautage entre gestionnairesde bâtiments et des opportunitésqu’il apporte.

L’IAMFA a le mandat de faire lapromotion et de parrainer les com-munications entre les professionnelsdans les musées et organisationsculturelles. En faisant ainsi, l’IAMFApermet à ses membres d’être mieuxéduqués et mieux équipés pour servirla mission de leurs institutions. Cesopportunités de réseautage aidenten particulier les administrateurs debâtiments à rencontrer leurs objectifs,de fixer et de maintenir des normesd’excellence et de qualité dans ledesign, la construction, l’opérationet l’entretien de toute les classes debâtiments culturels. La conférenceannuelle 2008 d’IAMFA à Londres enAngleterre sera encore une fois uneautre belle opportunité pour permettreaux membres de renouveler leursconnaissances, de faire de nouveauxcontacts et de bénéficier énormémentdes occasions de se ressourcer qui seprésenteront à eux lors de cet événe-ment. Le Conseil d’administration arencontré les membres de l’équipeorganisatrice de la conférence, a visitéles sites et a eu un aperçu des événe-ments qui attendent les membres. LeConseil a donné à l’équipe organisatricede la conférence un haut la mainenthousiaste et nous attendons avecimpatience ce qui s’annonce à être uneconférence IAMFA des plus prometteuse.

Je vous encourage tous fortementde participer à la conférence à Londresen septembre de cette année, de par-ticiper au forum de communicationYahoo disponible sur notre site web etde participer dans les rencontres devos chapitres locaux, le tout dans lebut de continuer de forger les réseauxd’IAMFA pour le bénéfice mutuel detout le monde.

Guy Larocque, Ing.Président, IAMFA

Mot du président

Regional ChaptersAtlanta, U.S.A.Kevin Streiter, High Museum of Art

AustraliaKim Reason, Museum Victoria

Bilbao, SpainRogelio Diez, Guggenheim Museum

Chicago, U.S.A.William Caddick, Art Institute of Chicago

Hawaii, U.S.A.Robert White, Honolulu Academy of Arts

Los Angeles, U.S.A.Joe May, J. Paul Getty Trust

New England, USAJohn H. Lannon, Boston Athenaeum

New York, USAMark Demairo, Neue Galerie

New ZealandPatricia Morgan, Auckland Art Gallery

Ottawa-Gatineau, CanadaIan MacLean, Canada Science andTechnology Museum Corporation

Philadelphia, U.S.A.Richard Reinert, Philadelphia Museumof Art

San Francisco, U.S.A.Joe Brennan, San Francisco Museum ofModern Art

United KingdomBill Jackson, National Library of Scotland,Edinburgh

Washington/Baltimore, USARobert Evans, Hirshhorn Museum &Sculpture Garden

8

Estableciendo redes decontactos en el seno dela IAMFAEn la reunión de la Junta Directivade la IAMFA de mediados de añocelebrada en Londres (Inglaterra) elpasado mes de febrero, pude com-probar una vez más el gran valor quetiene para nuestros miembros el estable-cimiento de contactos. Tras una presen-tación de uno de los patrocinadoresde la conferencia 2008 durante lareunión del capítulo local de la IAMFA,el Administrador de Instalaciones deuno de los museos de Londres se meacercó y me preguntó si podía ponerloen contacto con alguien del Museode la Aviación de Canadá que pudieraexplicarle cómo habían suspendidodel techo algunos de los avionesexpuestos. Simplemente le pedí que sediera la vuelta para poder presentarlea nuestro Vicepresidente de Admini-stración, Richard Kowalczyk, paradojusto detrás de mí. Por supuesto,Richard, en su calidad de Jefe dePreservación y Restauración delMuseo Smithsonian Nacional del Airey el Espacio pudo darle valiosísimosconsejos gracias a su experiencia yconocimientos especializados sobre esamisma cuestión en su propio museo.No sólo los consejos de Richard resul-taron de gran utilidad inmediata anuestro Administrador de Instalaciones,sino que la nueva alianza que ambosestablecieron será mutuamente bene-ficiosa tanto para ellos como para susinstituciones en el futuro.

Éste no es sino un pequeño ejemplopara ilustrar de qué modo las actividadesde la IAMFA pueden crear oportuni-dades para establecer contactos y paraintercambiar conocimientos y exper-iencias. Puede que la informaciónobtenida en estos encuentros dé fruto

de forma inmediata o más adelante, oque permita establecer otros contactosen nuestro ámbito de trabajo. Nopodemos subrayar suficientemente laimportancia de establecer redes decontactos y las oportunidades que secrean de ese modo.

El mandato de la IAMFA es promovery fomentar las comunicaciones entreprofesionales de instalaciones enmuseos, así como en otro tipo deinstituciones culturales. Se ha demo-strado que de ese modo la IAMFApermite a sus miembros estar mejorinformados y dotados de mejoresherramientas para cumplir con lamisión de sus instituciones. Estasoportunidades de establecer redes decontactos ayudan de forma particulara los administradores de instalacionesen sus esfuerzos para establecer ylograr normas de excelencia y calidad enel diseño, construcción, funcionamientoy mantenimiento de todo tipo deinstalaciones culturales.

La Conferencia Anual 2008 dela IAMFA en Londres (Inglaterra)ofrecerá a los miembros otra granoportunidad para retomar contactocon colegas que ya conocen, establecernuevos contactos y aprovechar a fondolas oportunidades de aprendizaje quese pondrán a su disposición. La JuntaDirectiva se ha reunido con el equipoorganizador de la conferencia, havisitado los sitios y se ha familiarizadocon los lugares propuestos para acogera los miembros. Ha dado al equipoorganizador de la conferencia su másrotundo visto bueno y todos aguar-damos con impaciencia lo que prometeser una extraordinaria conferencia dela IAMFA.

Los animo vivamente a todos a asistira la conferencia en Londres el próximomes de septiembre, participar en el

foro de comunicaciones de Yahoogroups disponible en nuestro sitio weby participar también en las reunionesde su capítulo local a fin de seguirestableciendo redes de contactos enel seno de la IAMFA que beneficien atodos los miembros.

Ing. Guy LarocquePresidente de la IAMFA

Mensaje del Presidente

Don’t forget to register

for

IAMFA LONDON

200814–17 September

See page 17 for details.

http://www.iamfa.org/

9

Seven hundred organisations signed upfor the Chartered Institute of BuildingServices Engineers’ (CIBSE) 100 Daysof Carbon Saving campaign, aimedat cutting carbon emissions in theirworkplaces between September andDecember 2007. For the second yearrunning, the Natural History Museum inLondon was one of those demonstratingits commitment.

The 100 Days campaign aims to helpparticipants realise the carbon-savingpotential of their workplace, whileencouraging behavioural changes instaff, and managerial initiatives designedto reduce carbon emissions from theirbuildings. This is achieved by encourag-ing businesses and organisations toimplement simple no- or low-cost carbonreduction measures during the 100-dayperiod. In order to track carbon-savingslevels, particular emphasis is placed

on monitoring the savings made fromany implemented measures.

To support the Natural HistoryMuseum’s campaign, it was recognisedthat it was essential to have a clear wayof illustrating the amount of carbondioxide (CO2) to be saved. One ofthe most recognisable aspects of theMuseum is its Central Hall—this becamethe focus for our savings. A target wasset to save the equivalent of four CentralHall volumes of CO2 (each calculated at60 tonnes); however, at the end of thecampaign, we had doubled this targetwith over eight halls’ worth (approxi-mately 480 tonnes) of savings achieved.

Using the Central Hall measure-ment provided staff with a visible imageto use in reporting against our mon-itored progress, with the Central Hall‘gauge’ becoming the focal point ofour dedicated 100 Days intranet site.

A dedicated 100days@nhm.ac.uk e-mailaddress was also established, and staffdirectly e-mailed queries, commentsand competition responses to our100 Days team.

For the Museum, the 100 Dayscampaign focused on real, measurableimprovements in reducing carbonemissions, while also ensuring that themessage was disseminated to all staffand not just to those with access tothe intranet. Some of the decisions wemade to make these improvementsand communicate the message proveda little controversial—in particular, theuse of energy to power an informationscreen at the Museum staff entranceto deliver weekly campaign messagesand progress.

The Museum’s security team imple-mented a ‘night-time zero’ project by

Carbon Saving at the Natural HistoryMuseum London

CIBSE—100 Days of Carbon SavingBy Glynnan Barham

The 100 Days team publicised the event ina key central Museum location.

continued on page 13

The Natural History Museum’s 100 Days team at the information screen.

10

Introduction The principal functions of museums,art galleries, libraries and archives areto provide an interface between col-lections and the public, and to preserveartefacts for future generations.

Conditions for employees and theviewing public should be comfortableand healthy, so buildings are normallyventilated. “Fresh” air from outsideenters a modern facility through aforced ventilation system. To preservetheir condition, artefacts also requirea particular environment, but theseconditions can be more critical thanthose required by humans. Dependingon the artefacts, close control of tem-perature, relative humidity and airborne

pollutants (particles and chemicals)may be required.

Why Molecular Filters inMuseums and Art Galleries?

Many artefacts are susceptible to irre-versible damage caused by molecular(chemical) pollutants. There are twosources of pollutants: external andinternal to the building. The externalsources are most significant, both interms of concentration and potency.Key examples are traffic fumes, powergeneration, and industry (1). Internalsources are less obvious, but to someartefacts, equally harmful. Cellulose-based items—i.e., wood and, to a lesser

degree, paper—are problematic. Woodmay be part of the collection or partof the building fabric or fitments. Thesituation is compounded if the woodis in the form of a reconstituted productthat incorporates a formaldehyde-phenolic resin. These materials degradeand continuously emit hazardouschemicals, including formic acid,acetic acid and formaldehyde. Thesecan damage other items, particularlymetals such as lead, copper, zinc andglass (2). It is noteworthy that, follow-ing observations of damage and studiesinto root causes, most collections havestriven to eliminate artefact storagein wooden containers—or at leasttransfer the most susceptible objectsto other storage methods.

When considering the effect ofmolecular pollutants, the dose effectis applicable: both the concentrationand the period of exposure need tobe taken into account.

The Application ofMolecular FiltersMolecular filters can significantly reducelevels of harmful pollutants within gal-leries. In a typical ventilation system,filters can be installed in the fresh(make-up) air supply system and/orin the recirculation (return) air system.Since the major sources of contaminantgases are external to the building, itshould be a priority to apply filtrationin the supply air system. Molecularfilters in this location are challengedwith the highest levels of pollutants,and they must operate with high effi-ciency on a “single-pass” basis. Suchfilters are typified by a robust designand high weights of adsorbent. Filtersin the fresh air system have no impacton pollutants from internal sources.

Molecular filters in the recirculationsystem handle lower concentrations ofresidual pollutants, while also handling

Overview: Application of MolecularFiltration for Artefact Preservation

By Chris Ecob

Table 1Pollutants, sources and effects

Pollutant Source Effect and Reason

Sulphur dioxide External Sulphur impurities Blackening of old paintings. Colour in vehicle and pigments, which incorporated boiler fuels oxides of lead and chromium, are

converted by sulphur dioxide tosulphides, which are black in colour.

Corrosion of metal objects (bronzes)and stone sculptures (limestone,marble). Sulphur dioxide combineswith water vapour in the air,resulting in a mild acid solution(sulphurous).

Oxides of External Vehicle exhausts, Corrosion of metal objects (bronzes) nitrogen industrial Sources and stone sculptures (limestone,

marble). Oxides of nitrogen combinewith water vapour in the airresulting in a mild acid solution(nitrous).

Ozone External Interaction of air, Accelerated ageing of paper, UV light & other textiles, leather and other organic VOCs materials. Ozone is a strong

oxidising agent.

Organic acids Internal Wood board, Corrosion to metals (lead, copper, (formic, acetic) paper, wood zinc) and glass, damage to other

Formaldehyde Internal Wood board,organic items, damage to calcium-

paper, wood,based materials; e.g., shells and

preservatives

11

pollutants from internal sources andoperating on a multi-pass basis. It ispossible, and in some cases desirable, toutilise filters which are able to effectivelyscavenge the low concentrations ofgases. These will be filters utilisingrelatively low weights of adsorbent,but the adsorbent is present in a veryfinely divided form and operate usinga mechanism of Rapid AdsorptionDynamics (RAD).

To achieve maximum removal effi-ciency and effective lifetime, it is essen-tial that, for any filter, an engineeredapproach is taken to eliminate internalleaks or bypass (see following section).

In practice, the selection of filtertype and filter location has to take intoaccount the collection, available space,permissible pressure loss, availablebudget and serviceability. Molecularfiltration may also be applied locally;i.e., in storage rooms (recirculationunits) or in display cases.

The Effect of MechanicalLeakage on Initial Efficiencyand Effective LifetimeAs with any filter, the elimination ofby-pass or mechanical leakage isessential if the full potential of thedevice is to be realised. The perfor-mances of commercial filter installationsdiffer widely in this regard. The bestperformers are those filters whichutilise a positive sealing and lockingmechanism to secure them into theirholding frame. The industry benchmarkfilter uses a cylindrical filter design witha “press and twist” fitting system similarto a bayonet light fitting. This methodensures effective and durable com-pression of the seal, and permanentelimination of leaks. Conversely, systemswhere plastic Vee cassettes or traysslide into loose-fitting sheet metalhousings are at the bottom end of theperformance range. Mechanical leakagerates have been measured, using non-destructive tests with cyclohexane, ashigh as 15% or even 20%. A leakagerate of 15% can shorten lifetime by asmuch as 30%.

The consequences of poor mecha-nical sealing in a molecular filter areshown in Figure 1. The graphs showthe efficiency against time curves fortwo different filter concepts that usesimilar amounts of the same filtermedia. The assumption is made that,when the filter media is new, it shouldbe capable of providing virtually 100%removal efficiency. The curves are verytypical, in that efficiency progressivelydeclines with time until the point whenall the capacity is consumed and effi-ciency has fallen to zero. Of course, thepractical end of life is reached longbefore efficiency has fallen to zero.In this case, we assume an acceptablefinal efficiency value of 50%.

AdsorbentsMolecular filters use adsorption pro-cesses to remove chemical pollutantsfrom air. There are many commercialadsorbents available that have differentproperties and varying levels of per-formance. The adsorbents fall into twobroad categories: “Broad Spectrum” and“Specific Target”. Broad Spectrum adsor-bents have an affinity for a very widerange of organic vapours; however,their capacity for true gases (boilingpoint < 0 deg. C) may be limited. These

materials are typified by standard gradesof activated carbon. By contrast,“Specific Target” adsorbents selectivelyadsorb some of the molecules con-sidered difficult to control with standardactivated carbon. These materials willprobably have limited or no capacityfor other types of molecules outside thetarget. Specific Target adsorbents aretypified by standard activated-carbonmaterials that have been modified bythe addition of chemicals to enhancetheir capacity towards the target mole-cule(s). Other adsorbents, such as thosebased on activated alumina, have beenused. However, a definitive studyin the UK concerning the controlof atmospheric sulphur dioxide inmuseums concluded that both stan-dard activated carbons made fromcoconut shell and a coal-based carbonimpregnated with copper oxide per-formed “significantly better” than aproprietary activated alumina adsorbentimpregnated with potassium permang-anate (4). It has also been demonstratedthat activated alumina-based adsorbentshave little or no removal capacitytowards ozone. (5). The advantageof alumina-based materials may be inthe control of carbonyl compounds.

Figure 1: The effect of mechanical leakage on initial efficiency and effective lifetime.

Typical graph of Efficiency against Lifetime for 2 Filter Concepts

Effi

cien

cy (

%)

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

00 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Camcarb efficiency still at 75%,when Vee cassette filterefficiency has dropped to 50%(replacement value)

Cylinder (Camcarb)filter with zeromechanicalleakage

Vee cassette filterwith 15%mechanical leakage

Lifetime at 50% final efficiency is~6000 hrs for Vee cassette filtersystem and ~8000 hrs for Cylinder(Camcarb) -30% more life

Lifetime (hours)

99% and 85%

Due to leaks

in Vee

cassette filter

Initial

efficiency

values for the

2 filter

systems

continued on page 12

12

Support ServicesFollowing the installation of molecularfilters, users should have two keyquestions:

i) Is the filter still in specification(or providing in-specificationdownstream conditions)?

ii) How much longer will the filterremain in specification (or whatis the residual lifetime)?

These questions may be answered bya combination of air-quality measure-ments1 and condition analysis of samplesof the molecular filtration media.

Many techniques are available tomeasure air quality, varying in sophis-tication and cost. The two fundamentalmethodologies are dynamic and passivesampling. Dynamic-sampling techniquesare more expensive, but may providereal-time measurements. In museumsand art galleries, conditions shouldbe relatively stable, and it is usuallyacceptable to use a passive-samplingtechnique. This methodology involvesexposure of a sensor over a period oftime (one month), followed by a labo-ratory analysis. The technique retro-spectively reports average conditionsover the exposure period. An exampleof passive sampling is the exposure andanalysis of metal coupons to determinethe presence of generic acidic gases.Today, more sophisticated low-costpassive-sampling techniques are avail-able that can individually determine thepresence of sulphur dioxide, nitrogendioxide and ozone down to sub-partsper billion (ppb) concentrations.

There are two concepts used toevaluate media condition. The first isa quantitative determination of theadsorbed contamination in the media.

In the second, the residual capacity ofthe media is assessed against a stan-dard solvent vapour stream. In bothcases, data is compared to correspond-ing values for new carbon, as well asfor carbon that would be consideredexhausted. To obtain maximum benefit,a series of analyses should be made atregular intervals. This methodologycan identify the media’s rate of deteri-oration, and it is therefore possible topredict the end of the useful life, priorto failure. These tests provide non-specific results and would not, forexample, distinguish between adsorbedacetic acid and toluene. More

sophisticated tests are available; moredetailed information is required.

Standards Relating toGallery ConditionsThere are no widely applied standardsfor air quality inside museums andgalleries. It is the sensitivity of theartefacts and demands from curatorsand conservators that often determinein-gallery conditions. In turn, thesespecifications will govern the criteriafor molecular filtration. One standardthat seems to have been widelyadopted by consultants and design

Table 2A summary of adsorbents used in artefact preservation applications

Base RemovalMaterial Material Type Mechanism Target Gas

Coconut shell

Coconut shell

Coal

Carbon Coal

Coal with copper oxide impregnation

Coal with potassium bicarbonate impregnation

Alumina / potassium permanganate impregnation

Alumina Alumina / potassium permanganate blended with carbon

Broad spectrum

Chemicaladsorption

Chemicaladsorption/broad spectrum

Sulphur dioxide,ozone, VOCs

Sulphur dioxide (highcapacity), nitrogendioxide, ozone

Acid gases (highcapacity), ozone

Acid gases,formaldehyde

Acidic gases,formaldehyde, VOCs

Minimum acceptable Molecular Pollutant concentration Source

Sulphur dioxide < 10 micrograms/m3 British Standard BS 5454 2000

Nitrogen dioxide < 10 micrograms/m3 British Standard BS 5454 2000

Ozone < 2 micrograms/m3 International Centre of the Study forPreservation and Restoration of CulturalProperty (ICCROM)

Overview: Application of Molecular Filtration for Artefact Preservation — continued from page 11

1Air quality in an enclosed space is notentirely controlled by the supply airfiltration. It may be adversely influencedby fugitive sources leaking into the roomor sources within the room.

13

engineers is BS5454 (6). To illustratethe above point, there are recom-mendation for storage conditions fordifferent types of material such aspaper and photographic materialswithin this standard.

References(1) Stephen Hackney, “The Distribu-

tion of Gaseous Air Pollutionwithin Museums” in Studies inConservation, Vol. 29, No. 3(Aug., 1984), pp. 105–116.

(2) K. Eremin, Carbonyl Pollutants, aMuseum Perspective, IAP WorkingGroup, Presentation 13, 1998.

(3) Cecily M.G. Druzik, Formaldehyde:Detection and Mitigation, WAACNewsletter, Volume 13, Number 2,May 1991, pp.13–16.

(4) The Control of Atmospheric SulphurDioxide in Air Conditioned Build-ings, Department of Environment,Property Services Agency (UK),1981, Technical Report (M+E) TR70.

(5) Results of challenge testingmolecular filtration media withozone, Camfil Farr AB, Sweden,Dept. Internal R+D report, 2007

(6) Recommendations for the storageand exhibition of archivaldocuments, British StandardBS5454:2000

Chris Ecob is Global Business Managerof Molecular Filtration with CamfilFarr.

‘switching off’ and reporting officesconsistently leaving items ‘switchedon’. These offices were ‘named andshamed’ on the screen, which resultedin staff talking about energy efficiencyand ultimately considering their ownactions. The night-time zero project,which was linked to the ‘naming andshaming’, led to the biggest carbonsavings overall.

Activities held during the 100 Daysthat could be measured achieved thefollowing savings:

• ‘Meet and Greet’ staff sessions savedaround 2 tonnes of CO2. Fifty fivestaff took home an energy efficientlight bulb in return for completinga home energy survey. They werealso given a personalised reportcontaining recommendations onhow they could reduce homeenergy use.

• Recycling and purchasing recycledgoods saved around 82 tonnesof CO2.

• The ‘night-time zero’ project savedabout 400 tonnes of CO2.

In addition to the activities mentionedabove, we also developed:

• A calorie counter—using this, staffcould calculate how many caloriesthey had burnt by using the stairs,

thereby encouraging the use of thestairs in preference to the lift.

• Guided tours of the Museum’snew “Combined Heat & Power”energy centre.

• “Local Cooling”—the use of energymanagement software to fine-tunethe energy consumption of eachpersonal computer.

Throughout the 100 Days, Museumstaff demonstrated a high level of sup-port and commitment to the campaign,

which was reflected by the Museumbeing short-listed for two of CIBSE’sawards at the end of the event. Theefforts of the Museum weresubsequently recognised when wewent on to receive the award for the“Best Carbon Saving Campaign” at theCIBSE annual dinner and awards nightin February 2008.

Glynnan Barham is Manager ofEnergy & Emissions at the NaturalHistory Museum in London, England.

Carbon Saving at the Natural History Museum London — continued from page 9

David Sanders, Director of Estates, receiving the Natural History Museum’s award,presented by Dame Ellen MacArthur.

14

IntroductionAvid readers of Papyrus may remembermy article in the Summer 2007 issueintroducing this proposal. The objectof that article was to set out some pro-posals for the labelling of buildings,inviting comment, so that those whomade it to the AGM in Ottawa couldhave a discussion and vote on the wayahead. For those of us who completedthe 2007 Benchmarking Exercise, a verygood example of the Energy Perfor-mance Certificate was produced aspart that Benchmarking Exercise. Wethus had a very good idea of what toexpect, both in terms of the certificateitself and the amount of informationrequired producing the certificate. Atthe AGM in Ottawa, we agreed to pro-ceed with this proposal. The purposeof this article is to update you on thediscussions that took place in Ottawa.

SummaryDuring a brainstorming session atthe 2005 IAMFA conference in Bilbao,aimed at improving the image andrelevance of IAMFA, a suggestionwas made that IAMFA become a morerecognised authority in museum facilityadministration. One way in which thiscould be achieved would be for IAMFAto produce a building certificate dem-onstrating the performance of thatfacility compared with similar facilities.

A working group was set up toinvestigate how this idea could bedeveloped. The working group con-sisted of Jack Plumb of the NationalLibrary of Scotland, Frank Brown ofthe National Gallery in London, JohnStandish of the Smithsonian Institution,Ian MacLean of the Canada Science andTechnology Museum Corporation, andKeith McClanahan of Facility Issues, Inc.

The proposal made at the OttawaAGM was that, as part of the existingBenchmarking Exercise, memberswould provide sufficient informationto produce a certificate which would

demonstrate progress, or otherwise, inreducing energy consumption. Thiscertificate would be displayed suchthat staff and members of the publiccould see the information. We provideda proposed certificate, which provideda grading chart for the particular yearand a bar chart showing performanceover the previous three years. Spacewas left for individual institutions toinsert information relevant to theiroperations, be it further consumptioninformation (I gave the example ofwater consumption), or an explanationof some significant change in the orga-

nization’s operational requirementsduring the year under review, (e.g.longer opening hours for a significantexhibition, etc.).

Proposals to DateAs far as the certificate itself is con-cerned, we have made a couple ofchanges. One was to have the IAMFAbanner moved to the bottom of thecertificate to allow the institution con-cerned to have its banner as a header,thereby identifying the certificate as

Proposals for the Labelling of BuildingsBy Jack Plumb

Display Energy Certificate

Building: National Library of ScotlandDate of Issue: 12/29/06Audited by:Date of Audit:Period Covered: 2006

Good Practice Level: 445 kWh/m2

Typical Level: 570 kWh/m2

Actual Level: 200.42 kWh/m2

Water Consumption: 1546 m3

Typical Consumption: 600 m3

Best Practice: 410 m3

MAGEC Bench Marking ExerciseMAGEC Bench Marking Exercise

OGC Report 2003 (9.3 m3/person/year)OGC Report 2003 (6.4 m3/person/year)

-20.00%

-15.00%

-10.00%

-5.00%

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

-2.84%

2004

7.88%

Op

erat

ion

al R

atin

g

2005 2006

Operational Rating for Last 3 Years

Saving GradeOperational

Rating

ABetter

Worse

> 15%

10% to 5%

5% to 10%

0% to 5%

0% to 5%

5% to 10%

10% to 15%

>15%

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

-17.25%

NATIONAL LIBRARY OF SCOTLANDCausewaysideEdinburgh EH9 1SL, UK

continued on page 16

15

Started in 1992, Energy Star is a combined effort of the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Departmentof Energy which labels products that are energy efficientand that potentially lower greenhouse gas emissions. Whilethe Energy Star label has become a ubiquitous icon in theU.S.—easily recognized on qualifying computers, monitors,appliances, lighting, and climate control equipment—many ofus may not realize that it has also been applied to commercialroofing products.

Energy Star roofing products, generically called “cool roofs”,qualify through their ability to reflect incident sunlight (reflec-tivity) and reduce the amount of absorbed and radiated heatfrom the surface (emissivity). Reflectivity and emissivity arecombined to derive the Solar Reflective Index (SRI) of theroofing product. In order to qualify, the initial and three-year operating SRI must meet minimum performance stan-dards for steep-slope and low-slope roof products. Addi-tionally, the manufacturer’s roof warranty for an EnergyStar product must be equal in all respects to non-reflectiveroof products.

Typical Reflectance Values:

White Reflective Roof Coating or Membrane .85

White Paint .60

Aluminized asphalt .40

Concrete .22

Bitumen (asphalt) .09

Most of the Energy Star roofing products fall into threecategories: single-ply membranes, metal, and appliedcoatings. The products achieve acceptable SRI ratings byusing lighter colors, reflective finishes, and thin materials.The coatings are typically applied to existing darker roofs.The Energy Star label does not provide specific recommen-dations for roof insulation, which should be discussed withthe installer or manufacturer. A list of approved materialsuppliers, referred to as “partners”, can be found on theEnergy Star website, which also offers information on over50 other product categories.

With their light colors and thin material layer, EnergyStar roofs have been proven to lower roof surface temper-atures by over 100˚F. This can have a profound effect onenergy savings, by reducing peak cooling loads during thesummer and reducing overall electricity consumption. Thereflective properties of the roof can also offset the heat-island effect, which is caused by dark surfaces—primarilyroofs and pavement—absorbing the sun’s heat, then releasingit during the course of the day or evening. In urban areas,

this can increase the ambient temperature by several degreesand result in poorer air quality for residents. Additionally,since reflective roofs have a narrower surface temperaturerange, there is less thermal expansion and less stress ofthe membrane.

The level of energy savings from an Energy Star roofdepends largely on local climate and the ratio of roof areato overall building size. In general, these roofs are cost-effective for any facility that has more cooling-degree daysthan heating-degree days, with hot and sunny climates real-izing the greatest benefits. In these cases, the hot-weathersavings will exceed any heat gain benefit of non-reflectiveroofs during the winter months.

When discussing cool roofs, there is a great deal of datato back up the claims of the heat island effect, roof surfacetemperature, and energy savings. The U.S. Department ofEnergy has an energy-savings calculator to demonstrate thesavings. With identical energy cost, roof insulation, and fueltype, a simple sampling of net annual energy savings for a10,000-square-foot “cool” roof, compared to dark-surface,is as follows:

Newark, NJ $ 780

Los Angeles,CA $ 600

Chicago, IL $ 500

New Orleans, LA $1,700

Ottawa, ON $ 150

On a clear sunny day, being on a white roof can onlybe compared to staring at a welder’s torch. Without goodsunglasses, don’t expect to get a lot of work done unlessyour eyes closed. Also, the membrane roofs are white,smooth, and slippery when wet or icy. Water and ice are

Energy Star Roofs are Cool By Richard Stomber

continued on page 16

16

difficult to see against the bright background. Maintaining agood Solar Reflection Index to maximize savings mayrequire a little more maintenance than conventional roofs.While soil accumulation is almost immediate, and difficultto avoid entirely, it is not believed to have a significanteffect on SRI. However, a periodic pressure washing orcleaning of some areas may be necessary.

My own experience with cool roofs has been favorable.A white membrane TPO roof with an Energy Star labelrecently installed at the Newark Museum was nearly identicalin price and performance when compared to a black EPDMroof. While I did not research the international scene, ifsimilar standards don’t exist in fair-weather climates else-where in the world, it is almost certain that comparableroof products are available. While not truly “green”, coolroofs provide a cost-effective way to reduce energy costsand greenhouse gas emissions.

Other Sources of Information:Energy Star(www.energystar.gov)

Cool Roof Rating Council(www.coolroofs.org)

Energy Star Roofing Calculator(www.roofcalc.cadmusdev.com)

Roof Coatings Manufacturers Association(www.roofcoatings.org)

Department of Energy Cool Roof Calculator(http://www.ornl.gov/sci/roofs+walls/facts/CoolCalcEnergy.htm)

Richard Stomber, P.E., is Director of Facility Operations atthe Newark Museum.

Energy Star Roofs are Cool — continued from page 15

belonging to that institution. The otherchange is that the certificate’s namehas been changed to “Display EnergyCertificate” from the previous “EnergyPerformance Certificate”. This is becausea Display Energy Certificate refers toexisting buildings, and the EnergyPerformance Certificate refers to newbuildings. I have also added contactdetails, which will direct members ofpublic or staff to someone—or at least,somewhere—in the institution who cananswer questions on the certificate.

Following the European Unionmodel for these certificates, informa-tion will be provided on the back ofthe Display Energy Certificate (DEC).In the UK, it has been proposed that acertified assessor produce these DECsand that a report will be included withthe DEC regarding possible furtherenergy-conservation measures and thesavings these measures could achieve,as well as a detailed breakdown onenergy-consuming equipment withinthe particular building. We concludedthat this type of approach would notbe suitable for the IAMFA membership.When considering what types of infor-mation might be of value to IAMFAmembers, while also being achievablethrough the Benchmarking Exercise,we decided to recommend that infor-

mation relating to LEED (LeadershipEnergy and Environmental Design) forexisting buildings would be most appro-priate. The reason for this proposal isthat we believe the pressure to dem-onstrate sustainable development canonly increase in future, so this presentsan ideal opportunity to make a start.The working party therefore recom-mends that, on the back of the DEC,we provide an action list of all the“Prerequisites” for obtaining LEEDcertification, enabling institutions tocheck them off as progress is made.

RecommendationsWe invite you to consider the above,and to discuss this proposal withcolleagues within your individualinstitutions. Note that accepting thisproposal would mean providing aplace where members of the publicand staff can view the certificate,which almost certainly means inputfrom your management. We proposethat this certificate be 8.5 x 11 inchesor A3 in size, mounted portrait-style.

Whilst basic energy consumptioninformation will be displayed in a grad-uated form with the three-year bar chartunderneath, there are spaces for institu-tions to place information relevant to

their particular building. Colleagues willthus need to decide what that informa-tion should be, how it should becollected, etc. It is hoped that thesecertificates can be placed in all signifi-cant buildings, which could well meanthat some institutions might have morethan one certificate. (Keith McClanahanof Facility Issues is currently consideringjust how this could be achieved withinthe current annual BenchmarkingExercise.) The back of the DEC willlist an action plan for completion ofthe nine prerequisites required forexisting LEED building certification.

It is proposed that basic energyinformation, along with any otherinformation considered relevant, willbe collected and displayed each year,given that these DEC would only bevalid for one year.

On behalf of the working group, Iencourage acceptance of this proposal.It is our intention that this proposal beput to the IAMFA membership at the2008 London Conference AGM, wheremembers of IAMFA will have anopportunity to decide if you wishto proceed.

Jack Plumb is the Deputy EstatesManager at the National Libraryof Scotland.

Proposals for the Labelling of Buildings — continued from page 14

17

ALL FEES ARE PAYABLE IN U.S. DOLLARS

□ Member conference fee: $600 (after Aug 20, add $50)

□ Non-member conference fee: $700 (after Aug 20, add $50)

□ Sign me up as a new member: $150

□ Guest program fee: $350 (after Aug 20, add $50)(under 12: $150)

□ Optional Visit to British Library $200 — NOW REDUCED TO ONLY $50!!Additional Storage Building/York City on 18 September

Reminder to Register for IAMFA LONDON 200814–17 September

http://www.iamfa.org/

You know you wantto be there!

18

MEMBERS

SUNDAY

8:00 am to 3:00 pm Museum Benchmarking and Best Practices Workshop (Hotel Russell)

3:00 pm to 5:00 pm Conference Registration (Hotel Russell)

6:30 pm to 8:30 pm Opening reception at British Museum

MONDAY

8.30 am to 11:30 am Meeting at The National Gallery “Energy Savings & Performance Audits”

11:30 am Site visit to chillers, ETFE roofs, East Wing Project completed 2006 or Tour of Collections

12.30 pm Lunch at National Gallery

2:00 pm River cruise to Greenwich

4:00 pm Planetarium Show

4:30 pm Free time to walk the meridian line

5:30 pm Pre-dinner drinks in Trafalgar pub

7:00 pm to 9:30 pm Dinner on river boat to Embankment pier

TUESDAY

9:00 am to 12:00 pm Meeting at British Museum “Facilities Management & Contracts”

12:30 pm Lunch at British Library

1:30 pm to 4:00 pm Meeting at British Library “Capital Projects”

4:00 pm to 5:00 pm IAMFA annual general meeting

Free evening

6:00 pm IAMFA Board meeting

7:30 pm IAMFA Board dinner

WEDNESDAY

Meeting at Natural History Museum 9:00 am to 4:00 pm “Climate Change—How London Museums are

Meeting the Challenge”

1:00 pm Lunch in “From the Beginning” Gallery

2:00 pm Tour of Darwin Centre 1 & 2 OR free time to look around museum

7:15 pm to 10:45 pm Gala dinner (Natural History Museum)

ADDITIONAL OPTIONAL VISIT

9:00 am Train London to York

11:30 am to 12:30 pm Visit to Additional Storage building

1:00 pm to 2:30 pm Lunch in York (venue tbc)

2:30 pm to 4:00 pm York guided walking tour

4:31 pm to 6:44 pm Train York to London

Draft Programme — IAMFA An

Great Court, British Museum

Staircase Hall, National Gallery

Centre for Conservation, British Library

Earth Galleries Atrium, Natural History Museum

British Library Additional Storage Building

19

GUESTS

14 September 2008

8:00 am to 3:00 pm Arrival/free time

3:00 pm to 5:00 pm Conference Registration (Hotel Russell)

6:30 pm to 8:30 pm Opening reception at British Museum

15 September 2008

10:00 am City Tour

11:30 am Tour of National Gallery Collections

12:30 pm Lunch at National Gallery

2:00 pm River cruise to Greenwich

4:00 pm Planetarium Show

4:30 pm Free time to walk the meridian line

5:30 pm Pre-dinner drinks in Trafalgar pub

7:00 pm to 9:30 pm Dinner on river boat to Embankment pier

16 September 2008

AM Programme tbc — possibly Tower of London

12:30 pm Lunch at British Library

2:00 pm Tour of Kensington Palace

3:00 pm Afternoon tea in the Orangery

Free evening

17 September

AM Free time for shopping in Knightsbridge (Harrods, Harvey Nichols)

1:00 pm Lunch at Natural History Museum

2:00 pm Tour of New NHM Diamond Gallery/V&A/Science Museum

7:15 pm to 10:45 pm Gala dinner (Natural History Museum)

THURSDAY 18 September 2008

9:00 am Train London to York

11:30 am to 12.30 pm Visit to Additional Storage building

1:00 pm to 2:30 pm Lunch in York (venue tbc)

2:30 pm to 4:00 pm York guided walking tour

4:31 pm to 6:44 pm Train York to London

nual Conference London 2008

York minster from the roof(Photo courtesy of http://photoeverywhere.co.uk)

Peter Harrison Planetarium, Greenwich

Harrods, Knightsbridge

The Orangery, Kensington Palace

Dinner on board Naticia river boat

20

Hotel Russell is one of London's oldestpurpose-built hotels. Boasting one of thecapital's most prestigious locations, it islocated right in the heart of Bloomsbury incentral London, close to the British Museum.It is ideally located for all of the majorLondon attractions, and is within a stone'sthrow of the Russell Square Undergroundstation, from which Piccadilly Line trains willtake you within minutes to Covent Garden,Leicester Square and London's famousTheatreland, as well as providing a directline to Heathrow Airport.

The historical area of Bloomsbury is most famous for giving its name to the Bloomsbury Group, an Englishgroup of artists and scholars known as Bohemians that existed from around 1905 until around World WarII. Members included E.M. Forster, Virginia Woolf, Clive Bell, Duncan Grant and Vanessa Bell. Popularwriters such as Arthur Conan Doyle of "Sherlock Holmes" fame also lived in Bloomsbury.

The hotel was built in 1898 by the architect Charles Fitzroy Doll, who also designed the public roomson the Titanic. The hotel's restaurant, Fitzroy Doll's, which is named after him, is said to be of a similardesign to the dining room on the Titanic.

Following completion of a recent £20-million refurbishment, the hotel has been completely transformedto provide the ultimate in four-star deluxe luxury hotel accommodation and modern meeting roomsbehind its original imposing Victorian façade. The lobby`s grand marble staircase, Sicilian marble columns,ornate coved ceiling, huge chandeliers, oak panelling and gold detailing create an air of historical elegance.The truly magnificent mosaic floor that lies resplendent in the lobby was laid when the hotel was originally

built, and has now been fully restored to its original state after being covered up due to war damage.

We have reserved a limited number of hotel rooms at the four-star deluxe Hotel Russell, Russell Square,London WC1B 5BE for the period Saturday, September 13 through Wednesday, September 17, 2008. Theconference rates are per room per night, including continental breakfast and VAT as follows:

GBP£130 — single room (single bed)

GBP£140 — double room for single occupancy (double bed)

GBP£145 — double room for double occupancy

GBP£160 — family room (2 double beds — max. 4 people per room)

These rates are a reduction of approx. £100 off the rack rates. Early hotel registration is stronglyrecommended during this busy tourist season in London. The block of rooms will only be held at theserates until July 13, 2008, after which rooms will be quoted at best available rate, subject to availability. Tocontact the Hotel Russell direct, either tel. +44 (0)20-7837-6470 or e-mail russell.reservations@principal-hotels.com and make sure to mention the conference code “Z-IAMF-ALL” to get the special rates.Unfortunately reservations at the special rates cannot be made via the Internet. The hotel will extend theprogramme rate (2) days prior and (3) days after conference dates, based on availability.

Please book your hotel rooms for IAMFA 2008 now!Discounted rates will only be held until July 13, 2008

21

aerial antennaalight disembarkanti-clockwise counter-clockwise/widdershinsautumn fallBangers (slang) sausagesbank holiday public holidaybap bread-rollBiro ball-penbiscuit cookieBobbie/copper/ policeman/the policePlod/The Billbonnet hoodboot trunkbrolly umbrellacar park parking lotcarrier bag shopping bagcat’s eyes reflectors mounted in the centre of the roadcentral reservation grassy area in the centre of a freewaychemist/pharmacy drugstorechips frieschock-a-block closely packed togethercoach buscolleague co-workercrisps chipscurtains drapesdinner jacket tuxedodrainpipe downspoutdressing gown bathrobedual carriageway divided highwaydustbin trashcandustman garbagemanElastoplast Band Aidestate agent realtorestate car station wagonfilm moviefloors On entering a hotel or department store you

enter on the Ground Floor. The floor belowis the Basement. The next floor up from theground floor is 1st floor, then 2nd, 3rd, etc.

flyover overpassfootball soccerfootpath or sidewalkpavementfortnight two weeksfour by four/4x4 SUVhandbrake parking brakehand-luggage carry-on baggagehard shoulder/verge shoulderhigh street main streethire rentholiday vacationindicator blinker/turn signalinjection shotinterval break in a stage performancejumper sweaterkerb curblay-by rest area (off main road)lift elevatorlorry truck

M25 Motorway that circles London that has 3/4lanes all of which are busy. Also known asUK’s largest car park!

manual gearbox stick-shift transmissionmobile phone cell phonemotorway freewaynumber plate license plateOAP (old age seniorpensioner)off-licence liquor storepelican or zebra pedestrian crossingcrossingpetrol gasphone box phone boothpips seedspolo-neck turtle-neckposh upper-classpost/postman/ mail/mailman/mail officepost officequeue a line of peoplerailway railroadreturn ticket round-trip ticketreverse charges call collectring call roundabout traffic circles/rotariesrubber eraserrubbish trash/garbagesack dismiss/firesalad cream mixture of mayonnaise and vinegarsaloon sedanScotch Egg hard-boiled egg coated in breadcrumbsSellotape Scotch tapeshandy mix of lager and lemonadesleeping policeman speed-bumpslip-road on-ramp/off-rampsoft drink soda(i.e. lemonade)soldiers (1) strips of bread for dipping into a boiled

egg (2) armed forcesspotted dick a sponge cake with raisins in itsubway underground pedestrian walkwaySweets candyswimming costume bathing suittannoy public address systemtap faucettarmac blacktoptill cash registertippex whiteouttoilet/loo/WC restroom/washroomtorch flashlighttrainers sneakerstrolley shopping carttrousers pantstruncheon policeman’s batonThe Tube/ subwayUndergroundwindscreen windshieldzip zipper

Separated by a Common Language!Start practicising for IAMFA London 2008

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IntroductionHistorically, high energy consumptionhas been considered a necessary evilwhen it comes to operating museums,which demand tight temperature andrelative humidity controls in order topreserve their collections. As such, theidea of reducing energy consumptionin a museum has often been equatedwith relaxing environmental criteriaand risking damage to the collections.

There is no question that tight envi-ronmental controls are critical to col-lections preservation, and there is noquestion that such conditions are morecostly to maintain than they would bein standard commercial or institutionalbuildings designed for human comfortalone. However, there is no reasonthat a museum should consume moreenergy than is absolutely necessary.

Existing Building Commissioning(a.k.a. Recommissioning or Retrocom-missioning) is a process by which abuilding’s energy systems are evaluatedfor effective and efficient performance.First and foremost, museums want tobe confident that their heating, venti-lation, and air conditioning (HVAC)and lighting control systems are oper-ating properly and maintaining preciseindoor conditions and light levels. Oncethat confidence has been established,the Commissioning process investigatesopportunities for saving energy withoutsacrificing the collection environment.

Existing Building Commissioningis not an energy audit and it is not afacility condition assessment, althoughit could logically be combined withboth processes. An energy audit focusesprimarily on the energy efficiency of

individual components of the HVACand lighting systems, and a facilitycondition assessment reports on thephysical condition of individual systemcomponents and their remaining lifeexpectancy. Existing Building Com-missioning focuses on how all of theindividual pieces of equipment operatetogether as systems. As such, the Com-missioning process delves deeply intocontrol system programming, schedul-ing, and calibration: an area of investi-gation not typically undertaken withother types of studies.

ProcessThe following flow chart illustrates theCommissioning process, which startswith a clear definition of the museum’sperformance requirements for thesystems being commissioned. It isunderstood that any energy savingsopportunities will only be consideredif they do not affect the ability of

systems to meet their documentedperformance criteria.

The next two steps are about infor-mation gathering and validation. Systemsperformance information is obtainedfrom design engineering documents,operating manuals, and interviewswith museum facilities staff. This infor-mation is then tested in the field byexercising and observing the HVACand lighting controls operation undervarying conditions—e.g., occupied,unoccupied, summer, winter, etc.

The Existing Building CommissioningReport will identify potential energy-conservation opportunities and cate-gorize them as “fine-tuning” or “capitalprojects”. The primary focus of theCommissioning process is to identifylow-cost/no-cost fine-tuning adjustmentsthat can be easily and immediatelyimplemented through the existing HVACor lighting control systems. However,depending on the energy conservation

Operational Criteria Documentation

Report &Recommendations

Implementation

Measurement &Verification

Information Gathering

Dynamic System Testing &Monitoring

• Documentation reviews• Interviews• Field observation

• Energy opportunities — Fine tuning — Capital projects

Existing Building CommissioningBy Rebecca T. Ellis

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goals of the museum, there may bemore aggressive opportunities requir-ing new equipment and componentsthat would substantially alter the con-figuration of existing systems. Thesewould be put in the capital projectscategory, with the understanding thatthey would take more time, funding,and planning to implement.

Of course, no energy will be saveduntil the identified opportunities areimplemented; after that, the final step ofthe Commissioning process is measure-ment and verification that the expectedenergy savings have been obtained.

Following the achievement of optimalsystem operation, the museum will wantto institute an Ongoing Commissioningprocess to monitor system performanceand define corrective actions for systemswhich drift out of the “optimal” range.Perhaps the Ongoing Commissioningprocess can be covered in a futurePapyrus article.

Sample FindingsOne of the tools used in the Commis-sioning process is data-logging, eitherwith the existing HVAC control systemor with temporary portable data-loggers.Being able to “observe” system opera-tion over a period of time provides infor-mation not otherwise noticed duringone-time field observation and testing.

Graph 1 shows a trend from amuseum air-handling system, whichincluded both a hot water-heating coiland a chilled water-cooling coil. Uponclose evaluation of the graph, it becameclear that the heating valve, althoughregistering as closed, was leaking hotwater into the heating coil and warm-ing the air. The chilled water valve wasthen opening to remove the unneces-sary heat. This condition was notapparent to the building engineer,because the system was able to main-tain its setpoint supply air temperature.However, it was doing this by usingboth too much hot water, and toomuch chilled water.

By repairing the leaking hot-watervalve in this small (5,000 CFM) air-handling unit, the museum was ableto realize over $4,000 in annualenergy savings.

Graph 2 depicts another trendfrom a similar but significantly larger(40,000 CFM) museum air-handlingsystem. Dramatic fluctuations in chilled

water (blue line) and hot water controlvalve (red line) position point to aclassic case of a poorly-tuned controlloop. When heating was required, thehot-water valve opened too much andoverheated the air. This caused thechilled-water valve to open and it, too,opened too much and overcooled theair. This set up a continuous cycle of

Graph 1

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Graph 2

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overheating/overcooling which mani-fested itself in the discharge air tem-perature (purple line) fluctuatingbetween 55°F and 78°F on an hourlybasis when the air handling systemwas on.

By reprogramming the controls,the museum was able to realize over$12,000 in annual energy savings.

Energy SavingsOpportunitiesAlthough each museum has uniquesystems and energy-savings oppor-tunities, the following is a sample listof energy-efficiency measures thatcould be implemented, if appropriateto a specific facility, without sacrificingthe collections environment. For themost part, these typically fall into thelow-cost fine-tuning category.

• Chilled water temperature reset

• Condenser water temperature reset

• Hydronic system differentialpressure reset

• Variable frequency drives for coolingtower fans

• Variable frequency drives for pumps

• Variable frequency drives for fans

• Optimize air handling system freecooling controls

• Supply air temperature reset

• Supply air static pressure reset

• Match outside airflow withoccupancy requirements

• Schedule kitchen makeup air andexhaust systems

• Unoccupied lighting controls

• Photocell exterior lighting controls

Getting StartedIs Existing Building Commissioning forevery museum? Not necessarily, andthe following are a few recommenda-tions and issues to keep in mind whendeciding.

Most facility owners will start withtheir highest-energy-consuming build-ings. A typical measurement for thisevaluation is total electrical consumption(KWH) per square foot per year, peakelectrical demand (KW) per squarefoot, therms of gas per year, or a com-bination of these. The IAMFA Bench-marking Exercise would be a goodplace to determine how your museum’senergy consumption compares toyour peers.

Another selection criterion has todo with performance of the buildingsystems; i.e., are your systems con-sidered problematic? It is understoodthat energy will be saved as a result ofCommissioning, but if the museum cansolve chronic performance problemsat the same time, that can be a strongmotivator for Commissioning.

Buildings with direct digital control(DDC) systems will often have the mostpotential for hidden problems that canbe discovered through a Commissioningprocess. This is primarily because DDCsystems are more complex and software-based than local devices such aspneumatic or electric controllers.

On the other hand, buildings withlocal pneumatic/electric controls alsohave great potential for hidden prob-lems, due to a lack of central reporting

and/or monitoring of the distributedcontrollers. The older the local con-trollers are, the more likely they areto be out of calibration or otherwise“broken”. Numerous failures canincrease energy consumption withouthaving a negative impact on collectionspreservation.

Commissioning is not such a goodinvestment for buildings in which mostof the equipment and systems are eitheroutdated or at the end of their usefullives. In that case, it may be betterto replace the equipment. Similarly,Commissioning is not intended to fixmajor equipment malfunctions. Thatrequires an equipment-specific servicecontractor and/or equipment replace-ment. Commissioning is a system per-formance enhancement process, andrelies on the components within eachsystem being in reasonably good shape.

ConclusionWhether your museum is motivated tosave energy, reduce its carbon footprint,reduce greenhouse gases, or simplyimprove the performance of its energysystems, Existing Building Commis-sioning is a process designed to helpyou meet those goals. Proper andefficient systems operations are criticalto collections preservation, as wellas to a social mandate in achievingsustainability objectives.

Rebecca T. Ellis, P.E., is President ofQuestions & Solutions Engineering Inc.of Chaska, Minnesota.

Existing Building Commissioning — continued from page 23

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On February 26, 2008, the InternationalCouncil of Museums (ICOM) acceptedIAMFA as an affiliated organization.ICOM has over 24,000 members world-wide, and it will be of great benefitto IAMFA to be associated with thisimportant organization within themuseum community. This affiliationwill provide us with an unparalleledopportunity to promote the businessof museum facility management to agreat number of cultural organizationsinternationally, and will allow us tooffer the knowledge and experienceof our professional discipline to theiradvantage. The benefit to IAMFA willbe an increase in membership inter-nationally, which will provide moreopportunities for networking andsharing knowledge and experience.

In her letter welcoming IAMFA tothe ICOM Network, Ms. Alissandra

Cummins, President of ICOM, statedthat, “Not only does the care of ourcollections depend on people like you,but even the financial challenges ofmaintaining such facilities is an ongoingconcern in the museum world,” and“having experts in our community willbe a valuable addition.”

Because less than 50% of IAMFA’smembers are also members of ICOM,our affiliation with ICOM is on a pro-bationary basis for three years. Duringthis time, it will be important for moreIAMFA member institutions to applyto become ICOM members as well.I strongly encourage you to joinICOM by visiting their website athttp://icom.museum.

ICOM is the international organizationof museums and museum professionalscommitted to the conservation, con-tinuation and communication to societyof the world’s natural and culturalheritage, present and future, tangibleand intangible.

Created in 1946, ICOM is a non-governmental organization (NGO)which maintains formal relations, andhas consultative status, with UNESCO.

As a not-for-profit organization, ICOMis financed primarily by membershipfees and supported by various govern-mental and other bodies. It carries outpart of UNESCO’s programme formuseums. Based in Paris (France),ICOM Headquarters houses both theICOM Secretariat and the UNESCO-ICOM Museum Information Centre.

The 24,000 members of ICOM in150 countries participate in the national,regional and international activities ofthe organization: workshops, publica-tions, training, twinning programmes,and the promotion of museums throughInternational Museums Day (May 18each year).

The membership participates in theactivities of 117 National Committeesand 30 International Committees. SomeNational Committees also operated at aregional level to reinforce their activities.ICOM is affiliated with 15 internationalassociations.

Guy LarocqueChair, IAMFA International Committee

IAMFA Affiliation with ICOM

Guy Larocque,President of IAMFA

Le 26 février 2008, le Conseil inter-national des musées (ICOM) acceptaIAMFA comme organisation affiliée.ICOM compte plus de 24 000 membresà travers le monde et l’IAMFA saurabénéficier grandement d’être affiliéavec cette organisation importante dansla communauté des musées. Cetteaffiliation présentera une opportunitésans pareil pour faire la promotion desaffaires reliées à la gestion immobilièredes musées à un grand nombre d’orga-nisations culturelles au niveau interna-tional et nous permettra d’offrir laconnaissance et l’expérience de notre

discipline professionnelle auquel ilspourront en tirer bénéfice. L’avantageque cette affiliation apportera à IAMFAsera une augmentation de nos membresau niveau international et fournira plusd’opportunités pour tisser nos réseauxdans le partage des connaissances etexpériences.

Dans sa lettre de bienvenue à IAMFAqui se joint au réseau de l’ICOM,Mme. Alissandra Cummins, Présidented’ICOM, dit que non seulement l’entre-tien de nos collections dépend sur desgens comme nous, mais même lesdéfis financières dans l’entretien de

tels bâtiments est une préoccupationcontinuelle dans le monde des muséeset ayant des experts dans notrecommunauté sera une addition degrande valeur.

Puisque mois de 50% des membresd’IAMFA sont aussi des membresd’ICOM, notre affiliation avec ICOMsera en période de probation pourtrois ans. Durant ce temps, il seraimportant pour d’autres institutionsqui sont membres d’IAMFA de fairedemande pour se joindre à ICOMaussi. Je vous encourage fortement de

Affiliation de l’IAMFA à ICOM

continued on page 26

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vous joindre à ICOM et vous trouverezles informations pertinentes en vousréférant à leur site web au http://icom.museum.

L’ICOM est l’organisation interna-tionale des musées et des professionnelsde musée qui s’engage à préserver, àassurer la continuité, et à communiquerà la société la valeur du patrimoineculturel et naturel mondial, actuel etfutur, tangible et intangible.

Créé en 1946, l’ICOM est une orga-nisation non gouvernementale (ONG)en relation formelle d’association avecl’UNESCO et jouit d’un statut consultatifauprès du Conseil économique et social

des Nations Unies. Association à butnon lucratif, l’ICOM est en majeurepartie financé par les cotisations verséespar ses membres. Il est également sou-tenu par divers organismes publics ouprivés comme l’UNESCO, dont l’ICOMexécute une partie du programmeconcernant les musées.

Basé à Paris (France), à la Maisonde l’UNESCO, le siège de l’ICOM estcomposé du Secrétariat général et duCentre d’information muséologiqueUNESCO-ICOM.

Les 24 000 membres de l’ICOM,présents dans 150 pays, collaborentaux actions de l’Organisation réalisées

sur le plan national, régional ou inter-national : ateliers, publications, forma-tion, programmes jumelés et promotiondes musées grâce à la Journée inter-nationale des musées (le 18 mai dechaque année).

Les membres participent aux activitésdes 117 Comités nationaux et des30 Comités internationaux et des15 Organisations affiliées. Pour renforcerleur action, certains Comités nationauxse sont eux-mêmes regroupés enOrganisations régionales.

Guy Larocqueprésident du Comité international

El 26 de febrero de 2008, el ConsejoInternacional de Museos (ICOM) aceptóla solicitud de adhesión de la IAMFAcomo organización afiliada. El ICOMcuenta con más de 24.000 miembrospor todo el mundo y la adhesión de laIAMFA a esta importante organizaciónen la comunidad de museos será muybeneficiosa para sus miembros. Ofreceráuna oportunidad incomparable depromover el sector de la gestión deinstalaciones museísticas entre un grannúmero de organizaciones culturales aescala internacional y nos permitiráofrecer los conocimientos y experienciade nuestra disciplina profesional parasu beneficio. La ventaja de la afiliaciónal ICOM para la IAMFA será el incre-mento del número de miembros aescala internacional, lo que ofrecerámás oportunidades para establecerredes de contactos e intercambiarconocimientos y experiencias.

En su carta de bienvenida a la Reddel ICOM enviada a la IAMFA, laSra. Alissandra Cummins, Presidenta delICOM, señaló que “no sólo el cuidadode nuestras colecciones depende depersonas como Ustedes, sino que inclusolos retos financieros que entraña elmantenimiento de esas instalaciones

es una inquietud constante en el mundode los museos” y “contar con expertosque forman parte de nuestra comunidadserá una valiosa adición”.

Dado que menos del 50% de losmiembros de la IAMFA son tambiénmiembros del ICOM, nuestra afiliacióna la ICOM estará sujeta a un períodode prueba de tres años, durante elcual será importante que un mayornúmero de instituciones miembros dela IAMFA soliciten también su adhesióncomo miembros del ICOM. Los animovivamente a afiliarse al ICOM visitandosu sitio web en http://icom.museum.

El ICOM es la organización inter-nacional de museos y profesionales demuseos dedicados a la conservación,continuación y comunicación a lasociedad del patrimonio natural ycultural mundial, presente y futuro,tangible e intangible.

Fue creado en 1946 y es una organi-zación no gubernamental que mantienerelaciones formales con la UNESCO,además de disfrutar de un estatusconsultivo en el Consejo Económicoy Social de las Naciones Unidas.

En su calidad de organización sinfines de lucro, la principal fuente definanciamiento del ICOM son las cuotas

de afiliación pagadas por los miembros.Cuenta además con el apoyo de distin-tos organismos gubernamentales y deotro tipo. Se encarga de implementarparte del programa de la UNESCOpara los museos. La sede central delICOM, establecida en París (Francia),alberga tanto la Secretaría del ICOMcomo el Centro de Información sobreMuseos UNESCO-ICOM.

Los 24.000 miembros del ICOMrepartidos por 150 países participan enlas actividades nacionales, regionalese internacionales de la organizacióntales como talleres, publicaciones,capacitación, programas de hermana-miento y la promoción de museosmediante el Día Internacional de losMuseos, celebrado todos los años el18 de mayo.

Los miembros participan en las acti-vidades de 117 Comités Nacionales y30 Comités Internacionales. AlgunosComités Nacionales se han organizadotambién a nivel regional para fortalecersus acciones. Quince asociaciones inter-nacionales están afiliadas al ICOM.

Guy LarocquePresidente del Comité Internacionalde la IAMFA

Adhesión de la IAMFA al ICOM

Affiliation de l’IAMFA à ICOM — continued from page 25

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The mission of the Library of Congress is to make its resourcesavailable and useful to the Congress of the United Statesand the American people, and to sustain and preserve auniversal collection of knowledge and creativity for futuregenerations. The Library of Congress maintains one of theoldest and largest collections of library and archival materialin the world. Preserving and protecting the nation’s heritageassets by providing secure and environmentally acceptableconditions is a core function of the Library of Congress.

While the Library’s main campus includes the three monu-mental Capitol Hill buildings (Jefferson, Adams and Madison),there are also a number of satellite locations integral to theLibrary’s mission. One of those satellite locations, whichwas acquired in 1995, is the 100-acre Congressional Campuslocated within the Fort Meade Army Base near Odenton,Maryland, just outside of Washington, D.C.

In concert with the Architect of the Capitol, the Libraryis participating in the development of a Master Plan for useof that site, and planning and construction are well underway.The master plan is intended to accommodate the Library’sstorage needs through the year 2027, which is estimated to

be some 210,000 gross square feet of primarily high-baystorage. In addition to other buildings currently planned atthis Fort Meade location for the U.S. Copyright Office andthe Library of Congress Logistics Office, the primary focusto date has been on a 13-module storage facility designedto house a wide variety of Library collections.

These archival storage facilities are being constructed inthe phases (modules) best suited to maintaining an optimalyear-round environment for the various collection types,thereby actually reducing long-term preservation costs whileextending the life of the collections by some 200 years. Thisphased construction approach allows the facility to grow inconcert with the government’s budget process and the Library’sstorage requirements, while also allowing for flexibility withregard to future storage types, capacity and environment.

odule One has been filled with some 1.6 million collec-tion items. In addition to the 8,500 square feet (90,000 cubicfeet) of storage space this provides, the facility includesadministrative space, processing space, loading docks,mechanical and staff break areas. A wide circulation corridor

United States Library of Congress—Archival Storage Facility, Fort Meade

Protecting the Past, Present and Future By Jon W. Netherton and Neal Graham

Plan for modular expansion of the high-bay storage facility. Modules One and Two are complete; Modules Three and Four and the ColdStorage rooms are under construction, and planning for future modules is indicated.

continued on page 28

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runs the length of the facility and will continue for thelength of the finished 13-module facility, serving as themain connection point for all modules.

Module Two was also complete and functioning as ofNovember 2005. This module is currently being filled andwill hold approximately 2.2 million collection items whenfull, just as Modules Three and Four are completed in early2009. Module Two construction is similar to Module One,with the exception of an increase in size from 8,500 squarefeet to 12,000 square feet (125,000 cubic feet).

Modules One and Two are designed and used to accom-modate books and bound periodicals. Environmental con-ditions within these first two modules is set at 50°F (± 2.5°F),with a constant relative humidity of 30% RH (± 5%). The30-foot-tall, high-bay, high-density storage spaces aredesigned to provide optimal environmentally-controlledstorage space for the various collections types. The collectionswithin these two modules are placed and retrieved usingelectrically powered, rechargeable “man lifts” that traverse

the narrow super-flat aisles, raising and lowering to provideaccess to the various shelf elevations, as required. The col-lections are stored according to size, within boxes whichare placed and retrieved via a barcode system. An inde-pendent barcode identity is affixed to each collection item,the box that item is placed in, and the shelf that the box isplaced on. Checks and balances are integral to the system toensure that collections are not misplaced as they travel backand forth to Capitol Hill. The Library boasts a 100% retrievalrate from this facility since opening Module One in 2002.

The new Modules Three and Four, currently underconstruction, are each identical in size and environment toModule Two. Bound periodicals, manuscripts, maps, printsand photographs will be housed on nearly 300,000 squarefeet of shelf space. Over 2,200 map cases, containing nearly14,000 drawers, will also be included at the lower levelof the high-bay shelving ranges in these new modules,to accommodate a portion of the Library’s large map andmanuscript collection. New administrative areas, processing

Front and main entrance to the administrative area of the facility. Some of the taller storage modules can be seen in the rear.

United States Library of Congress—Archival Storage Facility, Fort Meade — continued from page 27

Module 3 with super-flat floor in place, fireproofing and sealingcomplete, ductwork installed and insulated, metal stud, vaporbarrier, drywall and paint nearly complete. Nearly all workaccomplished in the high-bay areas was done using scissor liftsrather than scaffolding.

Installation of the 12-foot-tall pre-fabricated cold-storage roomsunderway within the 17-foot-tall pre-cast concrete structure.Installation of the panels is directly on top of the insulated floor.

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areas, a quarantine room, loading docks, central corridorand mechanical spaces will also be included within thenew facility. No mechanical equipment or systems piping(with exception of sprinkler piping) is located either withinor above any of the collection storage spaces. Mechanicalequipment is limited to dedicated mechanical space eitheron grade, or above the central corridor, loading dock, etc.

In addition to the two new high-bay storage modulesbeing constructed, four new cold-storage rooms are includedin the project to accommodate a portion of the Library’sphotographs, prints, film negatives and microfilm collection.Over seven million such items will be stored on some21,000 shelves, totalling nearly 120,000 square feet of shelfspace. The four cold-storage rooms will provide a temperaturerange dependant on collection type, from 25°F (±2.5°F) to35°F (±2.5°F), with all spaces at a constant 30% RH (±5%).

The following are some construction and facility operationfeatures associated with Modules Three and Four, and theCold Storage Rooms.

• Super-flat floors in the high-bay areas (post-stressed) toprovide dead level surface for safe man-lift operations.

• Tight controls to maintain T&H in the high-bay areas,including upgraded insulation, attention to detail withregard to the vapor barrier, alternating supply/return outletsand T&H sensors located at three different elevations.

• To enhance air quality, the introduction of outside air islimited to the amount required to meet space ventilationrequirements and to slightly pressurize the space.

• A separate outside air-filtration system is used to pre-filteroutside air before mixing with inside air.

• HVAC filters are 90% effective (1-micron) gaseous andparticulate filters, designed to eliminate sulfur dioxide,nitrogen oxide and ozone. These pollutants can combinewith small amounts of moisture to form damaging aceticcompounds. There is concern for the presence of pollu-

tants, both from the outside air as well as off-gassinginternally from building materials, and even from thecollections themselves.

• Special attention and careful selection of materials thatshould or should not be used in construction, to reduceoff-gassing and promote overall air quality. Success hereis dependant upon detailed specifications and submittalreview.

• High pressure, low light level, sodium light fixtures emitlow UV levels.

• The storage modules are designed to meet the stringentrequirements of NFPA and NARA.

• Continuous horizontal barriers within shelving system atpre-determined elevations to enhance fire protection.

• Fire rated walls and roof as well as compartmentalizedshelf systems.

• Three levels of in-rack sprinklers in addition to theoverhead protection in high-bay areas.

• Dry-type sprinkler systems in the Cold Storage Rooms.

• Automatic smoke detection combining spot detectorsand a VESDA system at the map-case level.

• Desiccant dehumidification.

• Centrally chilled (36°F) and heated (180°F) water.

• Central Plant redundancy w/N+1 capacity.

• No windows or openings adjacent to storage areas. Win-dows are provided in the administrative and processingareas with approved UV filtering and window treatment.

If you attend the IAMFA Conference in Washington D.Cin 2009, this may be one of the facilities you visit.

Jon W. Netherton is the Fort Meade ConstructionCoordinator with the Library of Congress Facility ServicesOffice in Washington, D.C. and Neal Graham is Chief ofthe Library of Congress Facility Services Office.

One of the high-bay storage modules under construction. Note thecontinuous foil vapor barrier at walls and ceiling. Exterior wallsconsist of ten-inch-thick pre-cast concrete panels, eight inches ofrigid insulation, one-piece metal studs, continuously sealed foilvapor barrier, and drywall. The roof includes 5.5 inches of rigidinsulation over the composite concrete slab.

The floors of the cold-storage rooms include a five-inch sub-slab,one inch of sand, two inches of rigid insulation, and a five-inchtopping slab. Pre-fabricated cold room wall and ceiling panels areerected directly on the concrete topping.

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Member News

The British Library Conservation Centre at St. Pancras inLondon was recently given an Environmental AssessmentAward, with a rating of “excellent” by BREEAM. For thoseunfamiliar with the British BREEAM system, this is equivalentto the LEED system in North America. Well done to all thoseinvolved at the British Library!

Nancy and Buck Evans were married on October 20, 2007.Congratulations, you two!

Congratulations to Harry and Sheila Wanless, who recentlybecame grandparents! Baby arrived on Christmas Day,throwing everything into confusion, but Harry and Sheilaare certain they will never get a better Christmas present.His name is Ioan—the Welsh form of John, pronouncedEe-o-an—and he weighed 7lb 9oz at birth, with a mopof dark hair and long eyelashes. Grandpa and Grandmaare doing well, and when Grandma holds Ioan, her smileis as wide as the Atlantic.

On January 7, 2008, Randy Murphy began his work as thenew Director of Facilities at the Los Angeles County Museumof Art (LACMA). His direct management responsibilitiesinclude custodial services, dock services, mail room,warehouse management and special events setup, as wellcontract landscaping services, fleet maintenance andfurniture systems inventory. He will also be very involvedin Transformation II as LACMA begins space planning andthe logistics for renovations to LACMA West.

Originally from Colorado, Randy previously spent 20 yearsat the Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA) in Los Angeles,where he was Director of Administration & Operations.As many of you know, he is a member of IAMFA, andis also a member of the Association of Art MuseumAdministrators (AAM).

Keith McClanahan of Facility Issues and wife Mary Lourecently returned from Portugal, where they promoted the2008 IAMFA Benchmarking Exercise to Portuguese culturalinstitutions . . . between sightseeing excursions.

Obrigado, Keith!

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Joe Brennan of the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) reports that

the museum has begun construction of its Rooftop Garden, atop the eight-story

parking garage behind and immediately adjacent to SFMOMA. He says that it’s like

having a vacant lot 70 feet in the air, and that the first obstacle was creating a

pathway for materials to be transported to and from the jobsite. This involved

erection of a 50-ton turret crane atop the garage, to fly materials up and down

over the year-long project. This was accomplished by bringing a 350-ton crane

in for a day, to fly up the turret crane components. This was no small matter, as

the 350-ton crane could drive to the site, but needed an additional five semi-

truckloads of counterweights and boom extensions to rig it for the task, which

required yet another smaller crane. The turret crane later arrived on another five

semis and was flown up and assembled.

This is the Library Estates team at theopening of St. Pancras station, whenEurostar moved there on November14, 2007. We are sitting at the longestchampagne bar in Europe at nearly300 feet! You will recognise the threeof us, and the rest of the team will bearound for the conference. We mighteven treat you to a sample after thetour of the Library.

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United Kingdom ChapterBy Jack Plumb, Chair, United Kingdom Chapter

The annual IAMFA London Museum Group meeting was heldthis year at the British Museum on Thursday, February 28,2008. Derek Martin of the British Museum welcomed the20 attending members and colleagues to four presentations.The IAMFA Board of Directors, who were in London to viewthe venues for the 2008 London IAMFA Annual Conference,were also introduced. Guy Larocque, Jim Moisson, RichardKowalczyk and Joe May had been invited to London byJohn de Lucy, the 2008 organising committee chairman.

The first presentation, introducing the programme forthe 2008 London IAMFA Annual Conference, was deliveredby John de Lucy of the British Library, who is also chairmanof the 2008 London IAMFA Annual Conference organisingcommittee. John began by thanking all the sponsors fortheir generous support of the 2008 London IAMFA AnnualConference, without which the conference would be amuch poorer event. (Full details of the delegates andpartners programme can be found on the IAMFA website.

The next presentation was made by Rob Potts andJonathan Pearson of Norland Managed Services. Robexplained the contribution that Norland Managed Serviceshad made to make the meeting Carbon Zero Day, and hadthe certificate to prove it.

Jonathan Pearson provided some novel ideas on howa Facilities Contractor can provide real added value to acontract, including a number of ways to improve the visitorexperience. At the British Museum, Norland ManagedServices operatives undergo training in visitor wayfinding,

as well as training in providing information and knowledgeabout exhibitions, enhancing the visitor experience.

Craig Little of Gardiner & Theobald gave a very interestingpresentation on the role of consultants in helping theirclients to achieve their aspirations in a facilities contract inthe most cost-effective way.

Finally, Chris Ecob of Camfil Farr gave a succinct presen-tation on what is a very technical subject, demonstratinghow, by the careful selection of the correct filter constructionand medium, significant energy can be saved without sacri-ficing air quality. Watch this space for further technical articlesfrom Chris on the various filter technologies and the chal-lenges manufacturers face in trying to reduce energy con-sumption while also improving air quality, particularly inthe field of molecular filtration.

New York ChapterBy Mark DeMairo, Chair, New York Chapter

Jenifer, a colleague from the Guggenheim NY, has just joinedIAMFA and there is a strong possibility that Al Lizarte fromthe Jewish Museum will join soon. Our local group, MLCP

Regional Chapters Update

John de LucyVP Regional Affairs

IAMFA Board members along with the London Conferenceorganizing committee at the British Museum’s Great Court.

The annual meeting of members of IAMFA’s U.K. Chapter withspecial guests consisting of the London Conference sponsors andthe IAMFA Board.

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Facilities Group of NY, has not been meeting with anyregularity as of late. We plan on having some organiza-tional meetings to rekindle that group, which may in turnincrease interest in IAMFA. As you may know, the localgroup was formed by a crew of IAMFA members in theearly–mid 1990s. Although we never convinced the majorityof the 40 or so participants to join IAMFA, we were thelifeblood of the organization for a number of years.

Ideally, with increased IAMFA membership in the NY area,we can again take a leadership role in the local group, getit going and do some recruiting.

Philadelphia Chapter By Richard Reinert, Chair, Philadelphia Chapter

On January 22, members of the Philadelphia Chapterattended an informal get-together hosted by Bruce Canterat the Delaware Art Museum. Bruce graciously conducteda tour of the Delaware Art Museum facility. Following thetour, Chapter attendees met to discuss increasing theiractivities within the Philadelphia Chapter and the frequencyof future meetings, while also entertaining ideas on how toencourage IAMFA participation from other area museums.

New England ChapterBy John Lannon, Chair, New England Chapter

At the end of October 2007, we had a back-of-the-housetour at the new ICA (Institute of Contemporary Art) facilityon the harbor in South Boston. Organized by facilities peopleat the MFA (Museum of Fine Arts), I managed to get aninvitation, and took the opportunity to pass out a few copiesof Papyrus and talk up IAMFA to their facilities people,particularly the Director of Facilities, Jana Dengler.

In early November, Jim Moisson organized a meetingat Harvard’s Fogg Museum to discuss the benefits of gasphase filtration.

Ottawa-Gatineau ChapterBy Ian MacLean, Chair, Ottawa-Gatineau Chapter

On October 16, 2007, the Ottawa-Gatineau Chapter of IAMFAhad a luncheon meeting at the Canada Agriculture Museum.The Canada Agriculture Museum is located on the CentralExperimental Farm National Historic Site, close to downtownOttawa. The meeting was held in a former sheep barn,which has been converted into an educational area.

Chapter members enjoyed an opportunity to view a pre-sentation by Christopher Borgal, Architect of the Master Planfor the Canada Agriculture Museum. Since 1998, the devel-opment of the Museum has been guided by the Master Plan.

In 2004, a long-term management plan for the NationalHistoric Site was developed. In 2006, the Master Plan wasre-written to adopt the principles and practices of the long-term management plan.

Implementation of the Canada Agriculture Museum MasterPlan includes development of the Museum Reception Centre,which will include a boutique, educational space andexpanded display space. This will be implemented asfunds become available.

Left to right: Bruce Canter of the Delaware Museum of Art,Rich Reinert of the Philadelphia Museum of Art, John Castle ofthe Winterthur Museum, and Mike Downs of the Hagley Museum.

Left to right: Leo Bourque,Richard Harding, Ian MacLean,Dominique Hébert, GuyLarocque, Marc Chrétien andTerresa McIntosh.

Architect Chris Borgal stressesthe importance of vistas to thecharacter of the CanadaAgriculture Museum site.

San Francisco Chapter

The San Francisco Chapter recently traveled together to an “art”event called “Burning Man”. Every year, tens of thousands ofparticipants gather to create Black Rock City in the Black RockDesert of Nevada, dedicated to self-expression, self-reliance, andart as the center of community.

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Australian Center for theMoving ImageMelbourne, VIC

National Gallery of AustraliaCanberra, ACT

National Gallery of VictoriaMelbourne, Victoria

Steensen VarmingSydney, NSW

Sydney Opera HouseSydney, NSW

ATCO Frontec CorporationOttawa, Ontario

Baxtec Mechanical ServicesOttawa, Ontario

Black & McDonald LimitedOttawa, Ontario

Bureau de la transformationde la DGSDEOttawa, Ontario

Canada Science &Technology MuseumCorporationOttawa, Ontario

Canadian Center forArchitectureMontreal, Quebec

Canadian Museum ofCivilizationGatineau, Quebec

Canadian Museum of NatureOttawa, Ontario

Facility ManagementServices LTDCalgary, Alberta

Heritage CanadaGatineau, Quebec

CANADA

AUSTRALIA Library and Archives CanadaGatineau, Quebec

Library and Archives Canada,Portrait Gallery of CanadaOttawa, Ontario

Microclimate TechnologiesInc.Mississauga, Ontario

National Gallery of CanadaOttawa, Ontario

Nova Scotia MuseumHalifax, NS

Physical Resource Bureau(SRD)Ottawa, Ontario

Royal British ColumbiaMuseumVictoria, British Columbia

TEGG ServiceOttawa, Ontario

Musée de quai BranlyParis

Rijksmuseum AmsterdamAmsterdam

Auckland Art Gallery — ToiO TamakiAuckland

Christchurch Art Gallery TePuna O WaiwhetuChristchurch, Canterbury

Museo Guggenheim —BilbaoBilbao, Viz Caya

SPAIN

NEW ZEALAND

THE NETHERLANDS

FRANCE

British LibraryLondon, England

The British MuseumLondon, England

Camfil LimitedHaslingden, Lancashire

EMCORLondon, Middlesex TW0

The Imperial War MuseumLondon, England

Museum of Science andIndustryManchester, Lancashire

National Galleries ofScotlandEdinburgh, Scotland

National Gallery, LondonLondon, England

National Library of ScotlandEdinburgh, Scotland

National Museums LiverpoolLiverpool, England

National Portrait GalleryLondon, England

Natural History MuseumLondon, England

TateLondon, England

University of GreenwichLondon, England

Advantage OperationsChicago, IL

Allentown Art MuseumAllentown, PA

AlliedBarton Security ServicesKing of Prussia, PA

UNITED STATES

UNITED KINGDOM American Air FilterInternationalDoylestown, PA

Arkansas Art CenterLittle Rock, AR

Art Institute of ChicagoChicago, IL

The Arts PartnershipSpartanburg, SC

Asian Art MuseumSan Francisco, CA

Baltimore Museum of ArtBaltimore, MD

Banneker Douglas MuseumAnnapolis, MD

Berkeley Art Museum/PacificFilm ArchiveBerkeley, CA

Boston AthenaeumBoston, MA

Brooklyn Museum of ArtBrooklyn, NY

Buffalo Bill Historical CenterCody, WY

Clark Art InstituteWilliamstown, MA

Columbus Museum of ArtColumbus, OH

Corporate CareHouston, TX

Corporate Facility ServicesCary, NC

Cypress Security, LLCSan Francisco, CA

Delaware Art MuseumWilmington, DE

Des Moines Art CenterDes Moines, IA

IAMFA Members — Organizations

35

IAMFA Members — Organizations

Ewing ColePhiladelphia, PA

ExploratoriumSan Francisco, CA

Facility IssuesMunds Park, AZ

Fine Arts Museum of SanFranciscoSan Francisco, CA

Fire Safety NetworkMiddlebury, VT

Foundation for the ReadingPublic MuseumReading, PA

Frist Center of the Visual ArtsNashville, TN

George Eastman HouseRochester, NY

Hagley Museum & LibraryWilmington, DE

Harvard University ArtMuseumsCambridge, MA

The Hermitage, Home ofPresident Andrew JacksonHermitage, TN

The High Desert MuseumBend, OR

High Museum of ArtAtlanta, GA

Honolulu Academy of ArtsHonolulu, HI

Huntington LibrarySan Marino, CA

Isabella Stewart GardnerMuseumBoston, MA

J. Paul Getty TrustLos Angeles, CA

Landmark Facilities Group, Inc.Norwalk, CT

Lavi IndustriesValencia, CA

Lee ConstructionConsultants LLCRichmond, VA

The Library of CongressWashington, DC

Lighting Services Inc.Stony Point, NY

Los Angeles County Museumof ArtLos Angeles, CA

Matt ConstructionCorporationSanta Fe Springs, CA

McGuire EngineersChicago, IL

Metropolitan Museum OfArtNew York, NY

Milwaukee Public MuseumMilwaukee, WI

The Morgan Library andMuseumNew York, NY

Museum of ContemporaryArt — Chicago Chicago, IL

Museum of Fine Arts —BostonBoston, MA

Museum of Fine Arts —HoustonHouston, TX

Museum of Science andIndustryChicago, IL

Mystic Seaport MuseumMystic, CT

National Gallery of Art —WashingtonWashington, DC

Neue GalerieNew York, NY

Nevada Museum of ArtReno, NV

New York Historical SocietyNew York, NY

Newark MuseumNewark, NJ

Office of FacilitiesEngineering & OperationsWashington, DC

Paul E. Garber FacilitySuitland, MD

Philadelphia Museum of ArtPhiladelphia, PA

PlanReady, Inc.Morgan Hill, CA

Preservation Society ofNewport CountyNewport News, RI

ProPM, Inc.Lafayette, CA

Questions and SolutionsEngineering, Inc.Chaska, MN

Rutherford & Chekene San Francisco, CA

San Francisco Museum ofModern ArtSan Francisco, CA

Santa Barbara Museumof ArtSanta Barbara, CA

Seattle Art MuseumSeattle , WA

SIU Castle and Arts andIndustries BuildingWashington, DC

Smithsonian InstitutionWashington, DC

Solomon R. GuggenheimMuseumNew York, NY

Valentine Richmond HistoryCenterRichmond, VA

Widener Library, HarvardUniversityCambridge, MA

Winterthur Museum, Gardenand LibraryWinterthur, DE

Worcester Art MuseumWorcester, MA

Yale Center for British ArtNew Haven, CT

Yale University Art GalleryNew Haven, CT

Yerba Buena Center forthe ArtsSan Francisco, CA

This list reflectsmembership dues

paid as of March 2008.

Although we do our best

to ensure that our

Directory information is

as up-to-date as possible,

errors and omissions can

always occur. If you

would like to make any

changes to your listing,

please contact

Jim Moisson at

james_moisson@harvard.edu

Thank you very much.

IAMFA LONDON 200814–17 September: you know you want to be there!

For more details see http://www.iamfa.org/