PANL DOE Pholed 2012-Luminaires
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Transcript of PANL DOE Pholed 2012-Luminaires
ENERGY SAVING PHOSPHORESCENT OLED LUMINAIRES DE-EE0004534
M. S. Weaver, P. Levermore, V. Adamovich, R. Ma, M. Hack and J. J. Brown Universal Display Corporation
M. Lu Acuity Brands Lighting
2012 DOE SOLID-STATE LIGHTING R&D WORKSHOP, ATLANTA 1
ation
2 Multiple High Growth Markets for OLEDs
Today 2012+
Display
Smart Phones / Tablet TV
Lower power consumption
Superior display aesthetics
Thinner form factor
Cost advantages at scale
Thinner form factor
Better display contrast
Wider viewing angle
Perfect for 3D TV
2012 / 2013+
Lighting
PHOLEDs are more energy efficient
Diffuse, pleasing light source
Thinner form factor
Environmentally friendly Lower power
consumption
Less heat gener
3 Why the excitement About OLED Lighting
• Energy efficient – environmentally friendly • Ultra-low operating temperatures • Low drive voltage • Long lifetime
• Highly desirable color quality • Wide range of CCT, CRI possible • Color tunable • Instant “ON” , Dimmable without flicker • No glare, no noise
• Novel form factor • Thin and lightweight • Transparent • Non-breakable, Flexible, Rollable…..
Acuity Brands RevelTM, -- five panel luminaire
4 Program goals
Technical goals • Fabricate all phosphorescent OLED luminaire
using 15 cm x 15 cm panels • High efficacy (>70 lm/W) • Color tunable between 2,700K and 4,000K • CIE meets Energy Star Criteria for SSL • CRI >85 • LT70 >25,000 h at Lo=2,700 cd/m2 (6,000 lm/m2)
Commercial goal: • Develop prototype luminaires ready for
commercialization
5 OLED Performance Design Rules
OLED Power Efficacy LER x IQE x EEF x OC LER = Luminous Efficacy of Radiation ( = Max efficacy of emission spectra) IQE = Internal Quantum Efficiency EEF = Electrical Efficiency ( = Optical Energy Gap – Applied Voltage) OC = Outcoupling Efficiency
OLED Lifetime
Higher Efficacy
Lower Temperature
Longer Lifetime
Phosphorescence Is Core to Energy Efficient OLEDs 6
Phosphorescent OLEDs* - PHOLEDs
• Radiation is from triplet excitons, i.e., 4 of 4 spin states or ~100% IQE
• Fluorescent OLEDs emit through singlets, limiting the IQE
• Impact of PHOLEDs: Minimizes required drive current to achieve High power efficacy Less heat generation Longer lifetime
* M.A. Baldo, et. al., Nature., 1998
7 General Designs for White OLEDs
WOLED SOLED STRIPES
White OLED Stacked (or Tandem) Color Tunable 1-3 emitters
Pixel Efficacy: UDC Status & Targets
Pixel Efficacy = LER x IQE x OC x EEF
LER = Luminous Efficacy of Radiation ( = Max efficacy of emission spectra) IQE = Internal Quantum Efficiency OC = Outcoupling Efficiency EEF = Electrical Efficiency Factor ( = Optical Energy Gap – Applied Voltage)
UDC Status UDC Target and Practical Limit LER [lm/W] 327 350 IQE [%] ~85% 95% OC [%] ~40% 60% EEF [%] ~70% 90% Pixel Efficacy [lm/W] 80 (at 1,000 cd/m2) 180 (at 3,000 cd/m2)
White PHOLEDs already emit with IQE 100% at low luminance. Challenge is to maintain IQE 95% at 3,000 cd/m2.
UDC White OLED Pixel Efficacy Target = 180 lm/W
9 New White PHOLED Material System – 85 lm/W
Pixel 2 mm2
Without Outcoupling
With Outcoupling
Efficacy [lm/W] 40 85
CRI [Ra] 85 -
Luminance [cd/m2] 1,000 1,000
EQE [%] 23 46
Voltage [V] 3.8 3.6
Duv 0.004 -
CCT [K] 2,740 -
Efficacy Enhancement 1.00 2.12x
LT70 [hrs] 12,000 35,000
EL In
tens
ity [W
/sr/m
2 ]
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.00 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750
Wavelength [nm]
*Acceleration Factor AF = 1.477 *Outcoupling data measured with 50 mm x 50 mm x 12 mm block *Chromaticity measured at 10 mA/cm2.
10 White PHOLEDs in UDC Pilot Line
2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180 UDC Pixel Efficacy (2 mm2) UDC Panel Efficacy (15 cm x 15 cm) U.S. DOE Panel Performance Projection (15 cm x 15 cm)
Pow
er E
ffic
acy
[lm/W
]
Incandescent bulbs (10 - 12 lm/W, 1 khr)
Fluorescent tubes (40 - 70 lm/W, 25 khrs)
86 lm/W, 25 khrs at 6k lm/m2
125 lm/W, 50 khrs at 10k lm/m2
168 lm/W, 100 khrs at 10k lm/m2
3,000 cd/m2 ≈ 10,000 lm/m2
LED Lamps (60 - 80 lm/W, 50 khrs)
11 General Designs for White OLEDs
WOLED SOLED STRIPES
White OLED Stacked (or Tandem) Color Tunable 1-3 emitters
12
5
30
Example Red PHOLED performance
LE [cd/A] PE [lm/W]
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
140
Lum
inou
s Ef
ficie
ncy
[Cd/
A]
25
Pow
er E
ffica
cy [l
m/W
]
EL n
orm
aliz
ed [a
.u.]
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
30 20
15 20
10
10
0 0 0 400 450 500 550 600 650 700
Wavelength [nm] Luminance [cd/m2]
1931 CIE
x y λ max [nm]
FWHM [nm]
0.66 0.34 620 56
Luminance [cd/m2]
Voltage [V]
LE [cd/A]
EQE [%]
PE [lm/W]
LT70% [h]
1,000 2.9 29.0 24.5 31.4 270,000
2,900 3.3 27.4 23.1 25.7 30,000
Data reported without any added outcoupling enhancement
13 Example Green PHOLED performance
90112080
LE [cd/A] PE [lm/W]
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Luminance [cd/m2]
0.2
0.4
0.6
EL n
orm
aliz
ed [a
.u.]
Lum
inou
s Ef
ficie
ncy
[Cd/
A]
70
60
50
40
30
0.8100
Pow
er E
ffica
cy [l
m/W
]
80
60
40
20 20 010 400 450 500 550 600 650 700
Wavelength [nm] 0 0
1931 CIE
x y λ max [nm]
FWHM [nm]
0.41 0.58 544 66
Luminance [cd/m2]
Voltage [V]
LE [cd/A]
EQE [%]
PE [lm/W]
LT70% [h]
1,000 2.8 85.6 23.4 97.5 600,000 2,800 3.0 83.1 22.7 87.0 100,000
Data reported without any added outcoupling enhancement
14 Example Blue BD412 PHOLED performance
60 60 155
50 50
LE [cd/A] PE [lm/W]
1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
0.2
0.4
0.6
EL n
orm
aliz
ed [a
.u.]
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
Lum
inou
s Ef
ficac
y [c
d/A]
0.845 40 40
Pow
er E
ffica
cy [l
m/W
]
35
30 30 25 20 20 15
10 10
5 00 0
Wavelength [nm] Luminance [cd/m2]
1931 CIE
x y λ max [nm]
FWHM [nm]
0.18 0.40 476 56
Luminance [cd/m2]
Voltage [V]
LE [cd/A]
EQE [%]
PE [lm/W]
LT70% [h]
1,000 5.6 50.4 22.0 28.1 9,000
550 5.1 52.2 22.7 31.9 27,000
Data reported without any added outcoupling enhancement
15 RGB performance status and program goals
Color 1931 CIE (x, y) Luminance [cd/m2]
Efficacy [lm/W] Lifetime LT70 [h]
Target Status Target Status
Red 0.64 ≤ x ≤ 0.68 0.30 ≤ y ≤ 0.35 2,900 > 25 26 > 25,000 32,000
Green 0.30 ≤ x ≤ 0.50 0.40 ≤ y ≤ 0.65 2,750 > 80 87 > 25,000 100,000
Blue 0.15 ≤ x ≤ 0.20 0.30 ≤ y ≤ 0.40 550 > 30 32 > 25,000 27,000
Data in table reported without any added outcoupling enhancement
Panel Design
All layers & Cathode Contacts
Preliminary individual stripe performance in panel
EL
Inte
nsity
[W/s
r/m2 ]
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.00
Blue Green Red
400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750
Wavelength [nm]
B stripe G stripe R stripe 1000cd/m2
(0.171, 0.390) 53 cd/A 4.4 V
38 lm/W
1000 cd/m2
(0.412, 0.575) 63 cd/A 2.7 V
74 lm/W
1000 cd/m2
(0.622, 0.374) 30 cd/A 3.0 V
31 lm/W
Data reported without any added outcoupling enhancement
Preliminary 15 cm x 15 cm Panel Performance
400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 0.0000
0.0002
0.0004
0.0006
0.0008
0.0010 E
L In
tens
ity [W
/sr/m
2 ] 2780 K 3350 K
Wavelength [nm]
Luminance [cd/m2]
Light Output [lm]
CIE 1931 (x, y) CRI CCT
[K] Duv Efficacy [lm/W]
1000 35 (0.462, 0.426) 90 2,800 0.005 54
1000 34 (0.421, 0.413) 81 3,400 0.006 54
*Emissive Area = 115 cm2
*All data includes light extraction enhancement achieved using a 12 mm thickness light extraction system
Example panel spectra and panel color gamut
• Color tunable between 2500K to 4000K
Initial prototype striped panel images
Stripes panel
Stripes panel + diffuser over half of panel
Stripes panel + diffuser
Luminaire Design #1 Features
Design #1 sculpts a ceiling with brightness and texture. Each luminaire creates a lattice design that will seamlessly integrate in a variety of architectural settings. Designed to mount in a 2’ x 4’ ceiling grid. Also compatible with 2’ x 2’ ceiling grids.
Candlepower Distribution
• 30 OLED panels • 3645 lumens • 1214 cd @ 0° • 58 Watts • 63 lpw
Luminaire Design #2 Features
Design #2 is an elegant arc of OLED illumination that gestures downward to the occupant, giving the sense of an illuminated canopy of light. Mounts to ceiling surface with a single mounting point, simplifying installation. Compatible with grid ceiling applications.
Candlepower Distribution
• 32 OLED panels • 4320 lumens • 1439 cd @ 0° • 62 Watts • 70 lpw
Typical Applications
Office Retail
Summary & Future Work
Program proceeding well to fabricate color tunable PHOLED luminaires
- Pixel performance exceeds program goals - First color tunable (2500K – 4000K) panels fabricated - Current panel efficacy = 54 lm/W at 1,000 cd/m2
- Further panel optimization in progress - Luminaire designs completed - On target to deliver color tunable luminaires in 2012 that meet the
program specs
26 Acknowledgements
ENTIRE UDC TEAM
SUPPORT IN PART FROM US DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY (IN ADDITION TO DE-EE0004534)
DE-SC0002122, DE-EE0006266, DE-EE0003253, DE-SC0004281, DE-SC0004282, DE, FG02-08ER85082
Thank you!