Pandemic Preparedness Handout

8/14/2019 Pandemic Preparedness Handout

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Pandemic

PreparednessBy Vicky Godley

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Every winter the U.S. suffers a seasonal flu that kills approximately 36,000 Americans andhospitalizes more that 200,000. Terrible as that is, health experts are now warning about a farmore lethal kind of flu--a pandemic flu that could kill over half a million Americans and

hospitalize more than two million. Preparation is the key to minimizing the effects of pandemics.


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Quarantine. Most city and state officials ignored the warnings, resulting in thousands ofunneeded deaths. When the Spanish Flu reached the United States it only took two weeks for it

to spread from border to border and this was before the days of being able to hop on a plane andfly from one end of the world to another in a matter of days. It is said that in todays world one

sick person can cause the infections of over 250,000 people in a matter of weeks. Unlike the

deadly pandemics of the past, we under-stand a whole lot more about what causes viruses and

how we can minimize their effects on us and our families.

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Typhoid Fever, BubonicPlague, Cholera, Black Death,

Spanish Flu, Asian Flu, HongKong Flu, SARS are all

examples of pandemics thathave occurred throughout

earths history. The SpanishInfluenza of 1918 was one of

the worst in recent history. Itkilled over 50 million

worldwide.Six months beforethe Spanish Flu became a

pandemic; it was classified as

an epidemic.The populations in Europe andthe US were advised to start a


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When we see a new virus coming from the animal kingdom or the bird kingdom, jumping to

cause disease in human, and if this is a new virus that has not been seen in the past and it is

causing disease in people, and most of the world's people don't have immunity to this new virus,

and if the virus is spreading on a global scale, by definition, we can say that we have the

epidemiological evidence to say that, maybe we are seeing an influenza pandemic.DR. MARGARET CHAN, director-general, World Health Organization

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Authorities estimate approximately 30-40 % of the world's population could be

infected.


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What causes influenza? Viruses cause influenza. There are two basic types, A and B. Theirgenetic material differentiates them.Influenza Acan cause moderate to

severe illness in all age groups and infects humans and other animals.Influenza Bcauses milder disease and affects only humans, primarily

children. Subtypes of the type A influenza virus are identified by twoantigens (proteins involved in the immune reaction) on the surface of the

virus. These antigens can change, or mutate, over time. When a "shift"(major change) or a "drift" (minor change) occurs, a new influenza virus is born and an epidemic

is likely among the unprotected population.

How does flu spread?

Influenza is transmitted through the air from the respiratory tract ofan infected person.

The main way that influenza viruses are spread is from person to

person in respiratory droplets of coughs and sneezes. (This is called"droplet spread.") This can happen when droplets from a cough orsneeze of an infected person are propelled (generally up to 3 feet)

through the air and deposited on the mouth or nose of people nearby.Though much less frequent, the viruses also can be spread when a person touches respiratory

droplets on another person or an object and then touches their own mouth or nose (or someoneelses mouth or nose) before washing their hands.

How long does it take to develop symptoms of influenza after being exposed?The incubation period of influenza is usually two days but can range from one to five days.

When is a person with influenza contagious?A person is most likely to pass on the virus during the period beginning one to two days before

the onset of symptoms and ending four to five days after the onset.Is there an alternative to vaccination in preventing influenza?Vaccination is the principal means of preventing influenza and its complications.

Here are some steps that may help prevent the spread of respiratory illnesseslike influenza:

Cover your nose and mouth with your sleeve or a tissue when you cough or sneeze--

throw the tissue away after you use it. Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after you cough or sneeze. If you

are not near water, use an alcohol-based hand cleaner.

Stay away as much as you can from people who are sick.

If you get influenza, stay home from work or school. If you are sick, don't go near otherpeople to avoid infecting them.

Try not to touch your eyes, nose, or mouth. Germs often spread this way.


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In general, a person who is infected with an influenza virus one year will have some immunity toclosely related viruses that may persist for one or more years. For example, if someone was

infected with the A/New Caledonia/20/99-like strain of H1N1 that predominated during the2006-07 season, they are likely to have some immunity that will protect them if they are exposed

to that strain or a closely related strain again during the 2007-08 season. The degree of protectiondepends on the health of the person involved. Young and healthy people with normal immune

systems will likely have good immunity against the same or closely related strains of virus fromone year to the next. However, people with weakened immune systems are less likely to have

immunity that carries over in other years. It's important to remember that influenza viruses areconstantly changing so antibody made against one strain will become less effective against new

strains as influenza strains evolve over time. In addition, there are different types of influenzaviruses circulating and different variants within virus types, and the same type of flu virus does

not necessarily circulate each year. For instance, during the 2006-07 flu season, influenza A

(H1N1) viruses predominated; however, infection with an influenza A (H1N1) virus (andsubsequent antibodies protecting against re-infection with the same virus) would not provideprotection against influenza B or influenza A (H3N2) viruses

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To get on a boat, a train, or an airplane

To go to school, or the workplace, or a place of worship

One sick person can infect 250,000 people


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if you are otherwise healthy, it is recommended that you stay at home while you areill. If you have pre-existing medical conditions, including asthma or other lung disease orimmune disease, it would be appropriate to seek healthcare as early as possible, to tryto avoid serious outcomes. It is also recommended that pregnant women and the veryyoung also seek medical evaluation early. Inzune Hwang, Preparedness Medical Officer,CDC

Before leaving your home when you are knowingly infectious, pleasetake the following into consideration:

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There are many differing opinions regarding vaccinations. Before you try to talk someone out of

any vaccination please consider the following (and keep your opinion to yourself):1) It is a person decision whether or not you and your family are vaccinated.

2) It is NOT for you do decide what another person should do.

3) For some, vaccines will save their lives.for [some] individuals, only vaccines (beside natural infection) can provide pandemicstrain specific, prolonged individual protection. WHO

How important is vaccination compared to other control activities such as use of antivirals,

social distancing and infection control to stemming a flu pandemic?All of these actions are ccoommpplleemmeennttaarryy and none replaces another action. If a pandemic

vaccineis not available, then the other actions must be relied upon to protect people.


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Vaccination clinics organized by local health departmentsHealthcare provider offices

SchoolsPharmacies

Workplaces.

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Seasonal influenza vaccines refer to vaccines that are updated yearly and that protect against

currently circulating influenza viruses.Pre-pandemic vaccines", contain antigens that correspond to the current H5N1 influenza strains.

Pandemic vaccines are used during a current pandemic in action

Pandemic vaccine is a vaccine of the future with unknown antigenic composition. It will

protect against the pandemic influenza strain but will only be available after the emerging

virus of the next influenza pandemichas been isolated. Persons vaccinated may need a

booster dose to be fully protectedWorld Health Organization

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to six months will be necessary to produce the first doses of vaccine. WHO

WHO 7/13/2009

On July 29, 2009, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended

that novel H1N1 flu vaccine be made available first to the following five groups first.

Pregnant women

Health care workers and emergency medical respondersPeople caring for infants under 6 months of age

Children and young adults from 6 months to 24 yearsPeople 25-64 years old with underlying medical conditions (e.g. asthma, diabetes)


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How They Work: Antiviral drugs are used to prevent the flu for people who have been close to

someone with the flu, or for people that need protection from the flu but they either:Dont get protection after vaccination,

The Vaccine is unavailableOr they cant get the vaccine because of allergies, for example

Influenza antiviral drugs also can be used to prevent influenza when they are given to a personwho is not ill, but who has been or may be near a person with influenza, such as a caretaker or

family member.For treatment, influenza antiviral drugs should be started within 2 days after becoming sick.

When used this way, these drugs can reduce flu symptoms and shorten the time you are sick by1-2 days.

There are four antiviral drugs approved for use in the US

Tami flu ) is approved to both treat and prevent influenza A and B virus infection inpeople one year of age and older.

Relenza (Zanamivir ) is approved to treat influenza A and B virus infection in people 7years and older and to prevent influenza A and B virus infection in people 5 years and

older

Amantadine (Symmetrel, generic) is approved to treat and prevent only influenza Aviruses in people older than 1 year.

Rimantadine (Flumadine, generic) is approved to prevent only influenza A virusinfection among people older than 1 year. It is approved to treat only influenza A virus

infections in people 13 and older.

EEccoonnoommiiccAAnnddSSoocciiaallDDiissrruuppttiioonnWWiillllBBeeGGrreeaattOnce a deadly pandemic hits, what will it be like in our community, our nation, the world?The need for antiviral drugs will likely be inadequate early in the pandemic, and you can plan ona shortage of hospital beds, ventilators, and necessary medical supplies.

High rates of illness and worker absenteeism are expected, and these will contribute to

social and economic disruption.

REDUCTION IN ROUTINE SERVICES

UNAVAILABLE

Transportation

Public Safety

GasolineToiletries

Schools

Pharmaceuticals

Utilities

Cell Phones

Groceries

HospitalsATM Machines

Television

Items We

Take For

Granted WillBecome

Nearly Or

Completely

Unavailable


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Emergency Medical System Will Be Over WhelmedINSUFFICIENT

Medical StaffSkilled Facilities

Beds

Emergency CareVentilatorsMedication

Medical Supplies

Any community [or family] that fails to prepare and expects the

federal government to come to the rescue is tragically wrong.

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STAY HEALTHYPlan Ahead

Get your yearly flu vaccine: The current vaccine wont protect you, but if itis a mixed strain containing components of the seasonal flu, this may help

your body fight the virus better. (high risk group)Get a pneumonia vaccine: Many succumbed to secondary pneumonia in the

1918 pandemic. This vaccine covers multiple bacterial forms of pneumoniaand could improve your chances of survival. (high risk group)

Get elective medical procedures done now: Healthcare practitioners maynot be available in a pandemic.

Get dental work done now: Tooth and mouth infections are urgent medicalissues. These may get into the bloodstream and cause serious illness.

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The Facts About Handwashing

When Done Correctly, handwashing Is the Single Most Effective Way to Prevent the Spread of

Communicable Diseases. Good handwashing Technique Is Easy to Learn and Can SignificantlyReduce the Spread of Infectious Diseases Among Both Children and Adults.

Hands should be washed with clean water and soap:

When they are dirty

After using the restroom Before and after preparing meals

After cutting and handling raw meat

Before eating

After cleaning the house

After caring for someone who is ill

After changing an infants diaper After cleaning up blood/body fluids

After handling dirty bed linen clothes

Before and after flossing teeth

After you cough or sneeze in them

HANDWASHING and COUGHING TECHNIQUES


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Carry them with you

Use them often when youreout in public

When shopping, take babywipes and wipe off the

handle of your grocery basketyour grocery basket


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Its OK to wear masks and gloves during a severe outbreak. A lot of others will look at

you and wish they had done the same. When you have to go to the Dr or other office, take your own pen for writing your name

and your own magazines and other reading material. Use your hand sanitizer often.

If there are no places to sit for semi-isolation in an office, ask tell the receptionist youwill wait in your car and they can call you right before your turn.

If an isle is too crowded for your wellness, wait until it empties.

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Shelter in Place while the virus is circulatingSelf-Isolate Be fully prepared in all aspects of daily life!

At the very least, minimize the times that you do leave your home.

Exercise Social Distancing

Avoid exposure to infected people, especially large groups.OSHA recommends a 6 foot separation from others in the

workplace.

Gather and organize Self-Reliance and Preparedness supplies now.Many of the items that you will need during a pandemic will be hard to

get during those times so make your vital purchases now while they arereadily available.


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3 month food supplyof foods your familyeats regularly.Long-term Basics:Basic Recommendation

Per Person: Grains 400 lbs, Legumes 60 lbs,Sugar /Honey 60 lbs, Powder Milk 16 lbs,

Cooking Oil 10 qts, Salt 8 lbs. GraduallyADD to this list for more satisfying meals.

Water:Minimum of 14 gallons perperson or enough water to drink andwash with if there were no other water

available, if possible a way to purifywater.

Financial Reserve:Set aside somemoney to carry us through if moneyfrom the banks were not available

for a period of time. Include smallbills.

Prescription Medications:1-3month supply of prescription

medications (ask Dr. to help w/ this)


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STOCKPILE SUPPLIES NOWWhile the Shelves are Full

This would supplies for: Sanitation:toilets, washing clothes, bodies and dishes also trash andwaste disposal; personal hygiene supplies: soaps, toothbrush, hair, etc; cooking without

electricity; Lighting, heating and fueland ways tocommunicate.Details about these can be found in the following handouts: Earthquakes Part 2 and 3,

Radio ReadyCommunicating for Emergencies; and No Power Cookers.

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Incorporate Pandemic Planning into the Organizations Business Continuity Plan

Develop a disaster plan that includes pandemic preparedness (seewww.pandemicflu.gov/plan/businesschecklist.html.

Make sure that your business continuity plan protects and supports your employees,customers, and the general public. Informed employees who feel safe at work are less likely

to be absent.Prepare and plan for operations with a reduced workforce.

Identify business-essential positions and the skills required to sustain essential businessfunctions and operations. Be sure to cross-train three or more employees so they can function

appropriately in these positions.

Plan for downsizing services but also anticipate any scenario, that may require a surge inyour services if they are critical in a pandemic situation.

Organize and identify a central team of people or focal point to serve as a communication

source so that your employees and customers can have accurate information during the crisis.Work with your suppliers to ensure that you can continue to operate and provide services.

Evaluate Personnel Risks and ConcernsIdentify possible exposure and health risks to employees. Will employees potentially be in

contact with people with influenza? Are employees expected to have much contact with thegeneral public or each other?

Minimize exposure to fellow employees or the public. For example, can more employeeswork from home? This may require enhancement of technology and communications

equipment.Develop a sick leave policy that does not penalize sick employees, thereby encouraging

employees who have influenza-related symptoms (such as, fever, headache, cough, sorethroat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle aches, or upset stomach) to stay home so that they do not

infect other employees. Recognize that employees with ill family members may need to stayhome to care for them.

Recognize that, in the course of normal daily life, all employees will have nonoccupationalrisk factors at home and in community settings that should be reduced to the extent possible.

Some employees will also have individual risk factors that should be considered byemployers as they plan how the organization will respond to a potential pandemic (for


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example, immuno-compromised individuals and pregnant women).Updated April 30, 2009 Pandemic Planning Workplace Preparedness, page 3 of 5

2007 by Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA. English approval: 04/07. 36838

Assist employees in managing additional stressors related to the pandemic. These are likely

to include distress related to personal or family illness; life disruption; grief related to loss offamily, friends, or coworkers; loss of routine support systems; and other similar challenges.

Assuring timely and accurate communication will also be important throughout the durationof the pandemic in decreasing fear or worry. Employers should provide opportunities for

support, counseling, and mental health assessment and referral should these be necessary. Ifpresent, Employee Assistance Programs can offer training and provide resources and other

guidance on mental health and resiliency before and during a pandemic.Work with DMBA and Risk Management as well as state and local health agencies to

provide information to employees and customers about medical care in the event of apandemic.

Employee HygieneDevelop policies and practices that distance employees from each other, customers, and the

public (see the Pandemic PlanningSocial Distancing fact sheet for more information).

Consider practices to minimize face-to-face contact between employees such as e-mail, Websites, and teleconferences. Policies and practices that allow employees to work from home orto stagger their work shifts may be important as absenteeism rises.

Consider stockpiling items such as soap, tissue, hand sanitizer, cleaning supplies, andrecommended PPE. When stockpiling items, be aware of each product's shelf life and storage

conditions (avoid areas that are damp or have temperature extremes) and incorporate productrotation (consume oldest supplies first) into your stockpile management program.

Encourage employees to wash their hands frequently with soap and water or with handsanitizer if there is no soap or water available. Also, encourage your employees to avoid

touching their noses, mouths, and eyes. Encourage employees to cover their coughs andsneezes with a tissue or to cough and sneeze into their upper sleeves if tissues are not

available. All employees should wash their hands or use a hand sanitizer after they cough,sneeze, or blow their noses. See the Pandemic PlanningPersonal Hygiene fact sheet for

more information.Provide employees and customers in the workplace with easy access to infection control

supplies, such as soap, hand sanitizers, PPE (such as gloves or surgical masks), tissues, andoffice cleaning supplies.

Provide training, education and informational material about business-essential job functionsand employee health and safety, including proper hygiene practices and the use of any PPE tobe used in the workplace. Be sure that informational material is available in a usable format

for individuals with sensory disabilities or limited English proficiency. Refer to fact sheets onhygiene, home preparedness, social distancing, and PPE for more information.

Periodically disinfect work surfaces, telephones, computer equipment, and other frequentlytouched surfaces and office equipment.

Discourage employees from using other employees' phones, desks, offices, or other worktools and equipment.Updated April 30, 2009 Pandemic Planning Workplace Preparedness, page 4 of 5 2007 by Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA. English approval: 04/07. 36838

Encourage employees to obtain a seasonal influenza vaccine (this helps to prevent illnessfrom seasonal influenza strains that may continue to circulate).

Protecting Employees and Customers

Educate and train employees in proper hand hygiene, cough etiquette, and social distancing


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techniques. Resource documents are available through Risk Management. Understand anddevelop work practice and engineering controls that can provide additional protection to

employees and customers, such as drive-through service windows; clear plastic sneezebarriers; ventilation; and the proper selection, use, and disposal of PPE.

Evaluate the types of measures that may be used to protect employees and customers (listed

from most effective to least effective): engineering controls, administrative controls, workpractices, and PPE.

Employees should avoid close contact with their coworkers and customers (maintain aseparation of at least 6 feet). They should avoid shaking hands and always wash their hands

after contact with others. Even when employees wear gloves, they should wash their handsupon removal of the gloves in case their hands become contaminated during the removal

process.

Minimize situations where groups of people are crowded together, such as in a meeting. Use

e-mail, phones, and text messages to communicate with each other. When meetings arenecessary, avoid close contact by keeping a separation of at least 6 feet, where possible, and

assure that there is proper ventilation in the meeting room.

Reduce or eliminate unnecessary social interactions. This can be very effective in controllingthe spread of infectious diseases. Reconsider all situations that permit or require employees,customers, and visitors (including family members) to enter the workplace.

Promote healthy lifestyles, including good nutrition and exercise. A person's overall healthimpacts their body's immune system and can affect their ability to fight off or recover from

an infectious disease.

Concerns When Living, Working, or Traveling Internationally

Employees living abroad and international business travelers should note that other geographicareas have different influenza seasons and will likely be affected by a pandemic at different

times. The U.S. Department of State emphasizes that, in the event of a pandemic, its ability toassist Americans traveling and residing abroad may be severely limited by restrictions on local

and international movement imposed for public health reasons, either by foreign governmentsand/or the United States. Furthermore, American citizens should take note that the Department of

State cannot provide Americans traveling or living abroad with medications or supplies even inthe event of a pandemic. These conditions will be similar to those found in most other countries.

Each individual should contact their own countrys Department of State for information specificto their countrys policies and regulations.Updated April 30, 2009 Pandemic Planning Workplace Preparedness, page 5 of 5

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Shelter in Place While the Virus is Circulating

Quarantine your Family

Be fully prepared in all aspects of daily life!

At the very least, minimize the times that you do leave your home.

Exercise Social Distancing

Avoid exposure to infected people, especially large groups.

OSHA recommends a 6 foot separation from others in the workplace.


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What Are the Basics of Social Distancing

Social distancing may be a viable alternative for the general public to avoid the pandemic

influenza infection until a vaccine becomes available. Below, in order of potential effectiveness,are various aspects of SD suggestions:

1. Limit exposure to other people within 6 feet.2. Minimize exposure to enclosed spaces containing crowds, such as movie theatres,

grocery stores, gas stations, schools, malls, and so forth.3. Use personal protective equipment, such as N95 masks (see Pandemic Planning

Personal Protective Equipment fact sheet), if you must get within 6 feet of anyone outsideyour immediate family (or other individuals where you have intimate knowledge of their

health conditions) or if you must go into an enclosed space containing crowds. It shouldbe noted that there is limited information on the use of surgical masks for the control of a

pandemic in settings where there is no identified source of infection.4. Wash hands after touching any item that may have been touched by others or use

disposable gloves (see Pandemic PlanningPersonal Hygiene fact sheet for moredetails). Contaminated surfaces can transmit influenza for 24 hours.

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DOWork on Family History

Write a Story; As a Family or Individually.

Make Sure You Have a Decent Sized Religious Library and Learn the More About the

Scriptures.

Have a Set of Encyclopedias

(Not Internet That May Not Be Available) Learn Tons of New Information.

Make a List of Interest of Each Family Member and Have the Supplies Needed EachPerson

Also, staying on some sort of a schedule is best when isolated from society


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Dont wait until someone in your home gets sick.

Look at how your home is set upWhere can you put the patient to keep them isolated best from the rest of

the family?Who will be the primary caretaker(s)?

Choice A, Choice B, Choice C

If there are other cases of avian flu in your neighborhood, it would be safest to keep your children in

your yard or home away from others who may be infected. Plan in advance what will need to be done

or who you can call upon if you are either alone, ill and incapacitated, or if the adults in the

household become ill and incapacitated. Talk with family members and loved ones about how they

would be cared for if they got sick, or what will be needed to care for them in your home.

Schools and day care facilities will likely close. Plan your child care in advance and how you mightfunction by working at home for example, or how college-age family members can assist in younger

child care during the time their schools are closed. Having multiple younger children from several

households in one home for day care is less than optimal due to the high risk of spreading the

disease.

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Quarantine

Is a public health strategy intended to stop the spread of very contagious disease

Refers to people who, while not yet ill, have been exposed to a very contagious disease andcould be able to spread it to others

Is effective in protecting the public from very contagious diseases Is usually decided by statehealth departments and state leaders, though you can self-quarantine

if you feel the need to do so

Isolation

Separates people who have a specific very contagious disease from those who are healthy

Restricts the movement of people who have a contagious disease to stop the spread of their

illness

If there are other cases of avian flu in your neighborhood, it would be safest to keep your children in

your yard or home away from others who may be infected. Plan in advance what will need to be done

or who you can call upon if you are either alone, ill and incapacitated, or if the adults in the

household become ill and incapacitated. Talk with family members and loved ones about how they

would be cared for if they got sick, or what will be needed to care for them in your home.


19/30

Schools and day care facilities will likely close. Plan your child care in advance and how you might

be taken care of in the event the you and/or your spouse gets sick.

The following diagram shows how to set up an area in your home in case a family member gets sick.

Ideally, setting up the sick room next to a bathroom is best. However, if your house is small and you

have only one bathroom, consider having the well family members use a portable commode. If this

isnt convenient, be sure and sanitize the bathroom, often, especially after using it to clean up after a

sick family member or one in quarantine.

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Curtains between Main Areaof house and again betweenarea 1 &2 can be plastic

shower curtains hung with anextension rod. Make sure each

curtain is closed immediately

upon entering and exiting.

Make sure there are no heating/air conditioning vents are in

the sickroom area. If there are any vents in this area, cover

them well.The ideal area for the sick room would be one with an attached

bathroom. If this in not available, you can supply the sick roomwith a portable toilet.

Make sure all surfaces in the home and especially around thesick room bath room are disinfected continually. Clorox wipes

and Lysol spray are two good choices.You can open a window for fresh air, just keep children away

from the area when playing outside.


20/30

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Bedding: Extra Sheets & Disposable Pads

Blood PressureCuff

Bleach:unscented to purify water & decontaminate surfaces

Gargle& Nasal WashHumidifierfor Respiratory Treatment or Tea Kettle for steam therapy

Kleenex for runny noses or sneezingPersonal Protective Equipment: Surgical masks, N95s, goggles, gloves, gown, shoe coverings

Thermometerw/ Alcohol for cleaning

Medicines:

Caffeine TeaFor Respiratory TreatmentDiphenhydramine 25 mg: allergy, sleep-aid, cough suppressant


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Loperamide2 mg: slows or stops diarrheaMeclizine25 mg: Nausea & Vomiting

Pain Reliever:Ibuprofen, Tylenol, Aspirin (Adults only) fever, aches & pain

Tussen -EXPECTORANT ONLY: Helps loosen congestion in your chest and throat,making it easier to cough out through your mouth.

Medicine Syringe& dosing spoon for medicationOral Rehydration Solution (See below)

Pen & Paper:to record care givenPortable toiletor Bedpan

Soap for Washing HandsSqueeze bottles, and strawsfor hydration of the severely ill

Homemade Oral Rehydration Solution1 t. salt 8 t. sugar5 c. clean drinking or boiled water and then cooled

To taste: Crystal Light or "sugar-free Kool-Aid" (NO regular Kool-Aid-bad for diarrhea)

Stir the mixture till the salt and sugar dissolve.

Alternative Rehydration Recipe

1/2 -1 cup precooked baby rice cereal 2 c. of water 1/2 tsp. saltMix well the rice cereal (or sugar), water, and salt together until the mixture thickens but is not

too thick to drink.Give the mixture often by spoon and offer the child as much as he or she will accept (every

minute if the child will take it). Continue giving the mixture with the goal of replacing the fluidlost: one cup lost, give a cup. Even if the child is vomiting, the mixture can be offered in small

amounts (2-1 tsp.) every few minutes or so.Hint:Banana or other non-sweetened mashed fruit can help provide potassium.

A Word about Other Drinks and Foods

Appropriate drinks to administer during the home-prepared stage include official ORS solutions,salted rice water, salted yogurt-based drinks, and vegetable or chicken soup with salt. Clean

water should always be used when preparing a solution. Drinks to be avoided include soft drinks,sweetened fruit drinks, sweetened tea, coffee, and medical tea infusions with diuretic effects due

to high sugar content and/or caffeine. In addition, drinks with a high concentration of sugar canworsen diarrhea.

Continue feeding children when they are sick, if they will eat

Continue breastfeeding if the child is being breastfed

Regarding Homeopathic RemediesLearn the proper method when using homeopathies, essential oils and old wives tales recipes,

as the wrong way can be a bad way. When used properly they can offer pain relief and healing.


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What is PPE?Protective equipment, including personal protective equipment for eyes,

face, head, and extremities, protective clothing, respiratory devices, andprotective shields and barriers.

This You Tube video shows a nurse demonstrating the donning and removing of the ppe.

Watch it carefully; she explains what to do and why.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Khm3_upwKc&feature=related

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o 1

Don your gown first by securing the ties at the neck and waist.

o 2

Put on a mask or particulate respirator. If using a mask, place it over your nose, mouth

and chin, securing it with the attached cloth or elastic strings to fit and pinching the metalclamp, if applicable, over the bridge of your nose. You don particulate respirators much

the same way as a mask, except you should have a professional fit-test a respirator priorto use.

o 3

Don goggles or a face shield. Goggles with standard earpieces work just like regular

glasses; tighten those with an additional, or standalone, headband so the goggles do notslide off your nose. If using a face shield, place the top portion on your brow and affix the

headband so it fits comfortably.

4

Slip on gloves by inserting each of your hands into a single glove, which are typically

ambidextrous, and adjusting them to fit. Place the cuffs of your gown under each glove toeliminate any gaps between your gloves and your gown. If you'd like, place another glove

on your hands to achieve the extra protection of "double gloving."


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Remove your gloves by peeling one of the gloves away from your wrist with the other

gloved hand, turning the glove inside out in the process. Slide a finger from the now barehand under the remaining glove and peel it off from your wrist, again, turning the gloveinside out in the process,

o 2

Take off your goggles or face shield by grasping the portions nearest your ears and

pulling up and away from your face.

o 3

Remove your gown by unfastening the straps in the back and pulling away it away fromyour neck and shoulders.

o 4

Remove your mask or respirator by untying or lifting the straps up and over from theback of your head and away from your face.

Read more: How to Don and Remove PPE | eHow.com

http://www.ehow.com/how_6605120_don-remove-ppe.html#ixzz1PGcCi4jP

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Call your Doctor as soon as you suspect someone in your house has been exposed to a pandemic

virus or anyone is showing the symptoms of a flu or cold.

Use antiviral medications within 24-48 hrs of the onset of symptoms

Encourage fluids to prevent dehydration.

Treat Symptoms as they appear with over-the-counter medications or alternative measures,paying special attention to fever reduction, diarrhea control, hydration, and rest.


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Isolate from the familyProvide separate toilet

Limit items in roomDisinfect home daily cup bleach to 1 gal of water (replace it every 12 hrs)

Lysol DisinfectantGermicides that guarantee to kill flu virus

Use disposable dishes

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Fast or difficult breathingBluish skin color

Lethargy

Irritability

Cough

Fever with a rash

Dehydration Symptoms

Sunken eyes

Decreased Urination

Sunken soft spot of top of head

No tears when crying

Dry or sticky mucus membranes inside mouthWatch for secondary infection once flu symptoms have diminished

You can download and print the booklet Good Home Treatment of Influenza via this website:

http://www.birdflumanual.com/resources/Home_Influenza_Treatment/files/Good%20Home%20Treatment%20of%20Influenza%2010pt.pdf


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Police department should be called.

Coroner: If no physician was in attendance, the coroner may be called to determine the

cause of death.

Death certificate is required for benefits, insurance, and other purposes.

Wear protective covering when handling the body.

Wear protective covering when handling the body.

Cleaning supplies used for cleanup of the body must be placed in a plastic bag and tiedsecurely.

Wrapping the body in plastic is necessary

Graves for mass fatalities during such an emergency. (If possible, fingerprint the body in

the event bodies are exhumed for identification or proper burial

Dont be alarmed if: (Californias plan)National Guard, Army, and Marines will be called in to maintain order and make sure

quarantines are being obeyed

They will be giving the families in your area instructions pertaining to: Quarantine,

Isolating the Sick, and Death Procedures

Youll be given instructions as to how notify authorities, (i,.e, the command in your area) as

to the condition of your household, All Well, Illness in Home, Death in Household.

They will instruct you as to what to do when someone dies.

Most likely you will be told not to touch the body, leave it where it is, and someone will

come within 24-48 hours to collect it.

Information needed for death certificate:DDooccuummeennttss//iinnffoorrmmaattiioonnnneeeeddeeddiinntthheeffiirrssttffiivveeddaayyss

You'll need to gather together the following documents and information as soon as possible - to

enable registration of the death and to start funeral arrangements.


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Documents

Medical certificate of the cause of death (signed by a doctor) and if available:

Birth certificte

Marriage/civil partnership certificates

NHS Number/NHS Medical Card

Information

The persons full name at the time of deathAny names previously used, including maiden name

The deceased date and place of birthThe last known address

Their current occupation or occupation before retirementDates of marriages or civil partnerships

The full name of survivng spouse or civil union partnerAny state or occupational benefits the deceased was receiving at the time of death.

ReligionOrgan Donor informatin

In the event your state will be burying the dead in temporary graves (remember, the time will

come when everyone will have immunity, so dead bodies wont pose as much as a threat) make

sure you have sources of DNA so your family member can be property identified. You may havea chance to eventually bury them in a dedicated grave you have previously purchased or can

purchase later.

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We are given this insight in Doctrine and Covenants 90:24 [D&C 90:24]: Search diligently,

pray always, and be believing, and all things shall work together for your good, if ye walk

uprightly. This stunning promise from the Lord that all things shall work together for our goodis repeated many times in the scriptures, particularly to people or prophets who are sufferingthrough the trials of their own life stories.

I sense that this promise comes from a tender, caring Father who desires to bless us and give us

reason to hope through our earthly journey. Knowing that eventually all things will worktogether for our good will help us endure affliction like the faithful people from the scriptures

who knew of His promises and trusted in them, having seen them afar off, and were persuadedof them, and embraced them (Heb. 11:13). We too can embrace this promise. Susan Tanner


27/30

Sources

Pandemic Preparedness (2008)Vicky Godley

Preparing for a PandemicShanna L. Christ, RN, & Nurit R. Bassett, RN

A Citizens Guide: getpandemicready.org

Utah: pandemicflu.utah.gov

Health and Human Services: pandemicflu.gov

Centers for Disease Control: cdc.gov/flu/avian

World Health Organization:who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/en/

National Institute of Health: niaid.nih.gov/dmid/influenza/pandemic.hm

Good Home Treatment of Influenzaby Grattan Woodson, MD

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

Wikipedia

Fluwiki.com

EEMMEERRGGEENNCCYYCCAARREESSTTOORRAAGGEEBBIINNSSshannafincherchrist@yahoo.com

The following is a list of items that can be obtained and stored/organized into bins for emergency

and pandemic preparedness

1-2: ACTIVITY BOXESScriptures and Hymnal for Adults

Scripture Stories & Song Book for ChildrenGame Book & Easy Craft Book for Children

Adult Paint sets: Pastels, Water Color, OilsBeads Kit & Book, Scissors, Ruler

Magnetic Story Book BoardMarkers, Crayons, Pens, Pencils & Sharpener

Construction Paper, Lined Paper, Index CardsGoogly Eyes, Pipe Cleaners, Popsicle Sticks

Paints & Brushes: Poster, Acrylic, Water ColorGlue, Tape, Paper Clips, Stapler & Staples Games, Story Books, Modeling Clay, Cards


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3: BEDDING KIT

Sets of Sheets & Pillow Cases20 Absorbent Bed Pads

Bedpan, Male & Female Urinals

4: BIRTHING KITInstructions for the Non Medical Person

Plastic tubs, Nasal/Mouth SyringesClamps for Umbilical Cord, Scissors

Pampers, Safety Pins, Diapers, Plastic PantsBlankets for Babies, Clothing for Babies

Knit Hats and Gloves, Hand WarmersLight Robes for Mother, Nursing Pads & Cream

Absorbent Pads for Bed (From Bedding Kit)Peri Bottles & Peri-Care Pads to Reduce Swelling

How to perform emergency childbirthhttp://www.thefarm.org/charities/i4at/surv/ebirth.htm

5: DISH WASHING KIT

Tubs, Dawn DetergentSponges/Scrubbies

Bottle BrushesDish Cloths & Towels

Steel Brush for GrillWire Scrubs & Brillo Pads

6: DISPOSABLE DISHWARE KIT

Knives, Spoons, ForksBowls, Cups, Plates,

Tablecloth & NapkinsZiploc Bags of all sizes

7: FABRIC & SEWING KIT

Various types of fabricSmall Tackle Box with Sewing Needles, Threads, Bobbins, String, Seam Cutter, Machine Oil,

Scissors, Crochet Hooks, Yarn

8: FIRST AID KIT

First Aid Flip Chart + Soldier First AidPoison Control Instructions,

Varied Sizes of Bandaids, Gauze & TapeAntibacterial Soaps (With Essential Oils)

Saline Wipes, Alcohol Wipes, DisinfectantsSlings Made from Sheet Material

Ties Made from Sheet MaterialAce wraps + Stretchable Fabric

Splints with Stiff Placemats, Cardboard, FoamFinger splints + Popsicle Sticks & Tongue Suppressors with Coban Bandage Wrap


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Heavy Bleeding: Kotex Pads & Sterile PadsPeroxide, Rubbing Alcohol

Antibiotic Ointments, Burn Relief, Itch Relief& Pain Relievers (Essential Oils)

9: HYGIENE KIT

Wash Rags, Hand towels,Tooth Brushes Toothpaste/ Essential Oil

Curlers, Soap with DispensersManicure Set, Fingernail Scrub Brushes

Tampax, Kotex, Panti Liners, Q-TipsHair Spray, Lotion, Shampoo, Conditioner, Powder, Deodorant, Combs, Brushes

Peri Bottles, Shoe Pads, MirrorShaving Cream, Razors

10: INFLUENZA PANDEMIC TREATMENT KIT

Book: Good Home Treatment for InfluenzaBook: Essential Oils Reference Guide

Surgical Masks & Goggles, Gloves, Shoe Covering, Gowns, Body Bags (See Med Kit)

11: KITCHEN ACCESSORY KIT & RECIPE BOOKS

12: KITCHEN BOWELS & CUTTING BOARD KIT

13: KITCHEN DISHWARE KIT

14: KITCHEN POTS & PANS KIT

15: MEDICINE & WELLNESS KIT

Home Treatment & Alternative Care Books,Reflexology & Essential Oils Guide

Pen and Tablet for Patient Care RecordPill Cutter, Dosing Syringes & Spoon

Thermometers (2)Blood Pressure Cuff & Stethoscope

Humidifer, Diffuser, Tea Pot

OVER-THE-COUNTER MEDICINES:

Tylenol ,Ibuprofen, Meclizine 25 mgLoperamide 2mg (i.e. Imodium),

Diphenhydramine 25 mg (i.e. Benadryl),

Dextropmethorphan (i.e. Robitussin DM),ESSENTIAL OILS(i.e. from dTERRA) :

Basil, Cypress, Ginger, Lavender, Lemon, Oregano, Peppermint, Thyme, Wild Orange, Breathe,

DigestZen, Elevation, On Guard, +

VITAMINS, MINERALS +

Vitamins & Supplements, Gold-Silver Celectrolyte Solution,

HYDRATION SUPPLIES

Salt/Sea Salt, Baking Soda, Sugar/Agave, Flavorings/Citrus Oils,Straws, Squeeze Bottles, Baby Bottles


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16: LIGHTS & COMMUNICATIONS KIT

Lanterns, 100 Hour CandlesFlashlights (battery, solar, wind-up)Shortwave radio (solar)

C Crane Radio- LED light-Cell Phone Adapters(wind-up) AM, FM, Weather

Multiple sized Batteries

17: LAUNDRY KITRECIPE for Stain Remover

RECIPE for Laundry DetergentClothes Lines, Clothespins, Clothespin Holder

Baking Soda, Borax, Fels Naptha Bars of Soaps

Ammonia, Ivory Soap, Spray BottlesLarge tubs for washing clothes

Plungers to agitate clothes

Hand Wringer

18: SANITATION KIT2 Portable Toilets with Lids

Toilet Paper, Paper Towels, Hand WipesSmall, 13 gallon& 33 gallon Trash Bags

Spray Bottles, Sanitizers (Essential Oils)Flannel Squares for Toilet Paper

Borax, Super Sorb, Peroxide, VinegarLime, Shovel, Masks

19: SHOE, BOOT, RAIN GEAR KIT

20: UTILITY & TOOL KIT

Tool Box, Duct Tape, Tape Measure

21-24: WINTER CLOTHING KIT

Pandemic Preparedness Handout

Documents

Transcript of Pandemic Preparedness Handout