Faraz and his groupFaraz Ali BhuttoAli Raza MalikMehran khan Touqeer jakraniMuzamil Hussain

Topic:-

Pakistan movement from 1940 to 1947

Pakistan Movement 1940-1947 Pakistan Resolution 1940 Cripps Proposal 1942 Quit India Movement 1944Gandhi-Jinnah Talks 1944 Wavell Plan 1945Simla conference 1945Elections 1045-46Cabinet Mission 1946 3rd June Plan 1947 Radcliffe Award 1947Independence Act of 1947

The Lahore resolution

On 23th march 1940 the famous resolution, which came to be known as Pakistan resolution was moved and passed.The resolution was seconded by a number of prominent Muslim leaders from all over the country.

Importance of the resolution:-

It gave new meaning and shape to Muslim’s demand for a separate nation.

It gave new hope, confidence and infused high spirit among Muslims.

The resolution showed the unity among Muslims.

Background:-World war 2 cause British to face a great loss and by this time Indians were political stable and wanted their rights so to make them satisfy British Government appointed a delegation under the chairmanship of sir Stafford Cripps

The Cripps mission reached new Delhi on 23th march 1942 to hold talks with Indian leaders but the mission could not hold talks with Indian leaders however it submitted its own suggestion to the government in April 1942

1-DOMINION STATUS shall be granted after the war.2-VICEROY’S EXECUTIVE COUNCIL be expanded.3-An Indian body to be set up to frame a new CONSTITUTION.4-British provinces and princely states shall be free to refuse to join the Indian union and frame their own constitution.5-Till end of the war, England to retain defence of India.

Suggestions of Cripps mission Any province or state should be free

either to adhere or not o adhere to the new constitution

The government of Indian act 1935 shall be remain in force until the cessation of war

The suggestion are to be accepted or rejected as a whole

RESULT:- Congress rejected the proporsals and said it

(A POST-DATED CHEQUE ON A FAILING BANK).

oThe all India Muslim League rejected these proposals as no separate homeland for the Indian Muslims was mentioned.

Introduction:-On 8th august 1942 congress in order to put pressure on the government to not to send Indian troops on war , started QUIT INDIAN MOVEMENT. They wanted to capture political power in India. This movement was a violence causing movement.

RESULT:-• QUAID-E-AZAM considered it as anti-Muslim action • Government took strict action against Quit India

Movement and arrested prominent leaders of congress including MahatmaGandhi .

Gandhi-Jinnah talks 1944

After realsing from jail Gandhi wrote a letter to Quaid-e-Azam on 17th July 1944 and asked him for meeting

Gandhi-Jinnah talks

Gandhi-Jinnah talks began on 19th sep to 24th sep,in Bombay. Gandhi held those talks to convince Jinnah to take hands from demand of a independent nation but Quaid-e-Azam remained firm and was not agree to the proposal and talks ended.

Wavell plan-1945

Wavell Plan – June 1945In June 1945 the Indian Viceroy

Lord Wavell held conference at Simla and proposed following proposals to Congress and Muslim leaders:- An Interim Central Govt in which all portfolios except that of War would be given to the Indians. There was to be a parity of representation between the Muslims and Caste Hindus. There was a dead lock over the Muslim Leagues demand that all five members of the Executive Council should be the nominees of Muslim Leagues.

Simla conferenceOn 24th June 1945 lord Wavell convened conference of Indian political leaders at Simla that lasted to July 1945.To solve the problem of representation of Muslim seats in Executive council.

Muslim Reaction:-

The quaid-e-eazam took a strong stand and demanded that general elections should held in the country to prove that WHO IS SOLE REPRESENTATIVE OF WHICH COMMUNITY.

Elections 1945-46

Elections:-

The general elections to the provincial and legislatures were held in India in 1945-46.the result of elections showed decisive victory for Pakistan.

Result of the Election to the Central Legislative Assembly

December 1945 Congress 57 seats. Muslim League 30 seats. Europeans 8 seats. Independents 5 seats. Akali Sikhs 2 seats. Provincial Election Result

Muslim League 446/495 Muslims seats.

Strength of the Muslim League in Provincial Assemblies in the Election Held in 1946Provinces Total Muslim Seats Muslim League

N.W.F.P 50 36 17

SIND 60 34 28

PUNJAB 175 86 79

U.P 228 65 54

BIHAR & ORRISA

175 40 34

BENGAL 60 4 4

C.P 250 119 113

BOMBAY 112 14 13

MADRAS 125 30 30ASSAM 215 49 49

Cabinet Mission Plan - 1946

Salient features of Cabinet Mission Plan were as under:- There would be a Union of India, comprising British India and the Indian states, which should control Foreign affairs, Defence and Communication. The Union would have an Executive and

Legislature. All residuary powers would belong to the provinces. Provinces would be free to form groups with executives and legislatures.

Cabinet Mission Plan - 1946

There should be three groups of provinces:-

Group A. Madras; Bombay, UP, Bihar, CP and Orissa.

Group B. Punjab, NWFP, Sindh and Balochistan.

Group C. Bengal and Assam. The Mission announced to frame an “Interim Govt” comprising representative from both congress and Muslim League.

JUNE 3 PLANFinally it was decided that two independent nations should be made, for that lord mountbatten went england to seek the approval of the British government.the plan was issued on 3rd june 1947.

Partition Plan 3rd June, 1947The main characters of plan were:- The legislatures of Punjab and Bengal

shall decide whether the provinces should be divided or not.

States should be free and independent to join one or the other country.

A boundary commission shall be setup which will demarcate the boundaries

of the countries. Both countries shall have their own

Governor Generals who will be the executive head of their respective countries.

Military assets shall be divided amongst two countries after partition.

Radcliffe award Division of Bengal and

Calcutta Division of Punjab

INDEPENDENCE ACT OF 1947.

Indian Independence Act 1947 On 14 July 1947, the Indian

Independence bill was moved in the British Parliament which became an act on 18 July 1947. According to this act:- India was to be divided into two sovereign states of Pakistan and India and the British control over India would

come to an end on 15th August 1947. The princely states were given the option to join one or the other country. The act of 1935 was to remain in force until both countries draft their own constitutions.