Page REPORTER. Thompson's...
1
A VERT INTWBSTIIK AND PROFITABLE LITTER ON 'FARMING. Messrs. Editors: I have been asked to write something concern- ing the tenant systefn and dislike to do so, since the observations the writer has made over a large section of Amerioa causes him to think little of the system as hand- led in this oountry. LOWERS THE STANDARD OP CITI- ZENSHIP. In the first place the handling of our lands in short term leases, as is customary in our country, has a bad effect upon the men who work them, creating in them a wandering disposition; and this constant changing of place of abode with its consequent break- ing of home, neighborhood and church ties can have 110 other than a bad effect upon the indi- vidual farmer. He naturally feels less interest in a community where he expects to], have only a temporary abode and therefore gives less thought to matters per- taining to the good of that com- munity socially, and when a man gets to that state he cares little for things that make for good in his community, he will soon care less for the better things in his home. As the home is the foun- dation in which all good is build- ed in our country anything that tends to lower the standard of that home can be regarded by thinking men as nothing other than evil. When ever a man owns his home he will guard that home and its suroundings with jealous care. He will give of his time and the up- building of his community, know- ing well that anything that makes for good in his neighborhood I will reflect good on his home. His children will be reared with more care, their training being toward a better citizenship and the tendenoy in a community where the farmers own the farms they live on will be constantly upward in the majority of cases. This then is the writer's chief objection to the tenant system that it tends to lower citizenship and when you take good citizen- ship out of a community what have you? You have crime, in- temperance, immorality, and all those things that tend to lower man's nature. IT PROMOTES SOIL ROBBERY. Secondly, the short-term tenant system in vogue in the United States must of neccsssity be a system of soil robbery. The handling of animals on our farms (the only means we have to-day for the economical maintenance and upbuilding of the fertility of our land) requires a continual tenure of the land on which the animals are produced for a term of years to make their handling a success. With the long-time lease the tenant farmer may suc- ceed in this in our country, as he is succeeding in other lands. A- gain the short-lease tenant can and does have no system of rota- tion of crops, the second essen- tial to the maintaining of soil fertility. He is simply, in the majority of cases, interested only in getting what he can out of the soil by a quick money crop; and no man can blame him for so do- ing, as no other course is open to him with the system under whioh he is compelled to work. He cannot reasonably be expected to devote any part of his time or thought to the upbuilding of the soil on which he works when he knows that not he but the land- lord or next tenant on the place will reap the benefit from his labors. January, 1906, should mean a great deal more to the progressive farmer than did the same month of last year. While the old year may not have proven itself to be a rich heritage financially, it has brought to us lessons and experi- ence that should prove to be help- ful in oar future operations. The mistakes we have made (who has »ot made thsmf) should be torn- ad into stepping stones leading up to highW agricultural know- ledge and attainments. We should try not to forget oar mis- takes, but rather to remember them and profit by them. BIGGER CROPS AT LESS EXPENSE. January is the month of good resolutions, the first one of whioh should be a determination to do better farming in 1908 than we did in 1907?t0 make better crops and to make them at less expense. Says Mr. Cyril G. Hopkins in Farm Science: "The soil has two distinct functions to preform in crop production. First, the soil must furnish a home for the plant, where the roots can penetrate the earth upon which the plant must stand. Second, the soil must fur- nish plant food, or nourishment, for the growth, development and maturing of the plant." With these two principles in view we can easily understand the importance of good plowing so as to produce the best possible home in which the plant is to grow and develop if we are to have satisfac- tory crops. THE PLOW SHOI'LD BE KEPT BI'SY NOW. The fall months were so nearly perfect for gathering crops that but little time was left for any other work. Especially was this true in the cotton-growing sec- tions. That is one objection to large cotton crops. They are ex- acting and require all the avail- able labor to be obtained to pick the cotton and leave neither time nor labor to attend to other press- ing work. As a result, in the cot- ton growing districts, very little, if any, fall plowing has been done. This means the plow should now be found going every day when the land is in condition to plow. And inasmuoh as in plow- ing we are preparing the home for the plant to grow, each plowman should strive to see how well he can prepare that home. or break the land. AND THERE IS A RIGHT AND A WRONG WAY TO PLOW. Very few of our people really know how to plow. Our average plowman goes into the field with a view of getting through the day as easily as he can and with but little thought or oare as to the quality of the work done. The plow should be held firmly, and a furrow of regular width and even dedth should be made, complete- ly breaking and turning every part of the soil. Plowing is in- tended for more than simply turn- ing the soil upside down. It is to break down the particles and re- lease plant food and open up the land so as to take in water to be used by the plants in the later droughts. On account of its importance much should be written about plowing; though on acoount of the weather, there is usually not a great deal of plowing done in Jau- ury. However, the advice here given will keep and hold good whenever the plowing can be done. PLAN FOR LOTS OP CORN ?THERE'S A REASON. Tn planning the crops for the year, too much importance cannot be attached to the advisability of planting enough in corn and other food crops for home consumption. With corn now selling at prices ranging, according to looality, Tlelp flie Horse No article U mora tueful 1?M\» \u25a0boot the atable than Mica TfaUH 1 Axle Create. Put a little oa T QKRI the apladlca before you "hook up"?it will help the horee, and U V bring the load home quicker. I MM AXLE Kg BREASE I mart mill? better than aajr B other ireaie. Coat* the axle I with a nard. (Booth surface of I | powdered mica which reduce* !\u25a0 friction. A*k the dealer for OH 1 . Mica Asia Oraaae. li I ??IWMMW from seventy -to ninety oeets a bushel, it sfc#uld not be s. hard matter to gel the wide-awake farm- er to plant enough to snpply home oonsumptien. Especially ia this true, when ther& ia a possibility that cotton will sell for a lower price next fall than it is now bringing. I say this beoanse the statement is made ibat 80 per cent of the ootton mills have re- cently curtailed production. If thiß ia allowable in the faoe of a short ootton orop, as we now have, how much more certain would it be with a larger crop? SAVE ALL THE MANURE POSSIBLE. Keep the stable lot well littered with leaves and straw for the stock's sake and for the land's sake. A load of manure iu the stable is worth more to the far- mer than a sack of fertilizer at the factory. There is a great deal more in stable manure than mere plant food. It contains myriads of bacteria that in Bome way unknown to the average far- mer break down and liberate plant food in the soil, which make it of far more value than commer- cial fertilizer containing an equal amount of plant food. Save all the manure possible. If it does not lessen the fertilizer bill it will increase the crop production. On days when neither plowing nor other work can be done, if they are convenient to the field, it will pay to haul rotted leaves and throw directly on the land. The fertilizing value will justi- fy the hauling and the organio matter added to the soil will also be helpful. WHAT IS THE REMEDY? So much for the system; now what is the remedy? First, I say the working of the land by the owner thereof. If means be not at band with which to work all the land well, sell part of it to men who can handle it and then help to upbuild your community and make your home a more de- sirable place to live on account of being surrounded by a thrifty, law-abiding class of people who are as much interested in main- taining a good community as you are. This will add dollars to the value of the remainder of your farm and make it in all probability as valuable in dollars and cents as the larger place was formerly. Ifthe above cause be not feasi- ble, try to secure a good olass of tenants and lease to them for a term of years (not less than five), and stipulate in the contract how the land shall be bandied. How much stook shall be kept, what rotation of crops shall be followed, eto. Then don't make too close a trade with the tenant. Remem- ber he is working on poor, deple- ted soil and in helping to build up the same he is putting more money into your pocket than in his own. He will get to love the soil on which he works if given a chance to dwell on it for a term of years. His children will grow up with a love for their home and community and this love will make of them better men and women. And after making a good living for our famlies, what will add more to the jovs of one's life than adding in the upbuilding and blessing of other lives? A. L. French, in Progressive Farmer. BEWARE OF OINTMENTS FOR CATARRH THAT CONTAIN MERCURY, as meroury will surely destroy the sense yf smell and completely de- range the whole system when en- tering it throngh the mucous sur- faces. Such articles should never be used except on prescriptions from reputable physioians, as the damage they will do is ten fold to the good you can possibly derive from them. Hall's Catarrh Cure, manufactured by F. J. Cheney & Co., Toledo, 0., contains no mer- oury, and is taken internally, aot- ing directly upon the blood and mucous surfaces of the system. In baying Hall's Catarrh Cure be sure yon get the genuine. It is taken internally and made in To- ledo, Ohio, by F. J. Cheney & Co. Testimonials free. Sold by Druggist. Price, 750. per bottle. Take Hall's Family PiUs for constipation.,. j T'W J THE DANBURY REPORTER. Thompson's Dnig Store , - r ? .. _____ 1 Thirty-five years of successful business. Always up to date. We want your trade and offer you as inducements the largest stock, the best attention to ' your wants, the purest and best drugs and medicines, and the best prices. Come to see us when you come to Winston. t. Peter A. Thompson, Propr. , Norfleet Hardware Co. WINBTONS ALEM, N. C. AGENTS FOR Pomona Tcrra-Cotta Co. Chimney Flue Pipe, Terra-Cotta, Well Curbing, All Sizes Terra-Cotta Pipe, For Any Purpose. NORFLEET HARDWARE CO. OPPOSITE MASONIC TEMPLE, Winston-Salem, N. C. . ? New Year Greetings . . . . FROM . . The Gorrells of Farmer's Warehouse, WINSTON-SALEM, N. C. At the beginning of 1908, we wish lo express our}heartfelt thanks to our friends and customers for the splendid trade given us the past fall, and to assure one and all that we appreciate immen- sely their patronage. We start the new year with the determination to get the highest price for every pile of tobacco sold on our floor, and from all indications, we believe our market will open very active, with prices as high as they were at *. any time during the fall. Let your first resolution be to sell the balance of your crop with the Gor- rells, and fortune and prosperity await you. Your Friends, A. B. GORRELL & SON. First Sale Days At Farmers : JANUARY, 1908 : TUESDAYS, THURSDAYS, SATURDAYS. FEBRUARY, 1908 : MONDAYS, WEDNESDAYS, FRIDAYS. MARCH, 1908 : TUESDAYS, THURSDAYS, SATURDAYS. 3 Good Merchandise | | At Right Prices £ J A Big Variety to Select From and Polite * J Sales People To Wait On You. % ! « ? We Try to Make You Feel at home In Our Store. % Your Money Back If Not Satisfied With Purchase. £ % A big line of Dress Goods at prices that will please you. Our line of ladies' and children's Hats are up-to-date in style and low in * J price. Money savers in coats and jackets. Big line of Underwear and Hosiery. £ HOLIDAY GOODS. * % If you want to buy them where you can save money and have a ? big line to select from come here. m 3 k fc Your Friends, J I THE J. W. HESTER CO. 5 3 441-443 Trade Street. S WINSTON-SALEM. Page 2
Transcript of Page REPORTER. Thompson's...
A VERT INTWBSTIIK ANDPROFITABLE LITTER ON
'FARMING.Messrs. Editors: I have been
asked to write something concern-
ing the tenant systefn and disliketo do so, since the observationsthe writer has made over a largesection of Amerioa causes him tothink little of the system as hand-led in this oountry.
LOWERS THE STANDARD OP CITI-
ZENSHIP.
In the first place the handlingof our lands in short term leases,as is customary in our country,has a bad effect upon the menwho work them, creating in thema wandering disposition; and thisconstant changing of place ofabode with its consequent break-ing of home, neighborhood andchurch ties can have 110 otherthan a bad effect upon the indi-vidual farmer. He naturallyfeels less interest in a communitywhere he expects to], have only atemporary abode and thereforegives less thought to matters per-taining to the good of that com-munity socially, and when a mangets to that state he cares littlefor things that make for good inhis community, he will soon careless for the better things in hishome. As the home is the foun-dation in which all good is build-ed in our country anything thattends to lower the standard ofthat home can be regarded bythinking men as nothing otherthan evil. When ever a manowns his home he will guard thathome and its suroundings withjealous care. He will give of histime and the up-building of his community, know-ing well that anything that makesfor good in his neighborhood Iwill reflect good on his home.His children will be reared withmore care, their training beingtoward a better citizenship andthe tendenoy in a communitywhere the farmers own the farmsthey live on will be constantlyupward in the majority of cases.
This then is the writer's chiefobjection to the tenant systemthat it tends to lower citizenshipand when you take good citizen-ship out of a community whathave you? You have crime, in-temperance, immorality, and allthose things that tend to lowerman's nature.
IT PROMOTES SOIL ROBBERY.
Secondly, the short-term tenantsystem in vogue in the UnitedStates must of neccsssity be a
system of soil robbery. Thehandling of animals on our farms(the only means we have to-dayfor the economical maintenanceand upbuilding of the fertilityof our land) requires a continualtenure of the land on which theanimals are produced for a term
of years to make their handlinga success. With the long-timelease the tenant farmer may suc-ceed in this in our country, as heis succeeding in other lands. A-gain the short-lease tenant canand does have no system of rota-
tion of crops, the second essen-
tial to the maintaining of soilfertility. He is simply, in themajority of cases, interested onlyin getting what he can out of thesoil by a quick money crop; andno man can blame him for so do-ing, as no other course is open tohim with the system under whiohhe is compelled to work. Hecannot reasonably be expected todevote any part of his time orthought to the upbuilding of thesoil on which he works when heknows that not he but the land-lord or next tenant on the placewill reap the benefit from hislabors.
January, 1906, should mean agreat deal more to the progressivefarmer than did the same monthof last year. While the old yearmay not have proven itself to bea rich heritage financially, it hasbrought to us lessons and experi-ence that should prove to be help-ful in oar future operations. Themistakes we have made (who has
»ot made thsmf) should be torn-ad into stepping stones leadingup to highW agricultural know-ledge and attainments. Weshould try not to forget oar mis-takes, but rather to rememberthem and profit by them.
BIGGER CROPS AT LESS EXPENSE.January is the month of good
resolutions, the first one of whiohshould be a determination to dobetter farming in 1908 than wedid in 1907?t0 make better cropsand to make them at less expense.
Says Mr. Cyril G. Hopkins inFarm Science: "The soil has two
distinct functions to preform incrop production. First, the soilmust furnish a home for the plant,where the roots can penetrate theearth upon which the plant muststand. Second, the soil must fur-nish plant food, or nourishment,for the growth, development andmaturing of the plant."
With these two principles inview we can easily understand theimportance of good plowing so as
to produce the best possible homein which the plant is to grow anddevelop if we are to have satisfac-tory crops.
THE PLOW SHOI'LD BE KEPT BI'SY
NOW.
The fall months were so nearlyperfect for gathering crops thatbut littletime was left for anyother work. Especially was thistrue in the cotton-growing sec-tions. That is one objection tolarge cotton crops. They are ex-acting and require all the avail-able labor to be obtained to pickthe cotton and leave neither timenor labor to attend to other press-ing work. As a result, in the cot-ton growing districts, very little,if any, fallplowing has been done.
This means the plow shouldnow be found going every daywhen the land is in condition to
plow. And inasmuoh as in plow-ing we are preparing the home forthe plant to grow, each plowmanshould strive to see how well hecan prepare that home. or breakthe land.
AND THERE IS A RIGHT AND A
WRONG WAY TO PLOW.
Very few of our people reallyknow how to plow. Our averageplowman goes into the field witha view of getting through the dayas easily as he can and with butlittle thought or oare as to thequality of the work done. Theplow should be held firmly, and afurrow ofregular width and evendedth should be made, complete-
ly breaking and turning everypart of the soil. Plowing is in-tended for more than simply turn-ing the soil upside down. It is tobreak down the particles and re-lease plant food and open up theland so as to take in water to beused by the plants in the laterdroughts.
On account of its importancemuch should be written aboutplowing; though on acoount ofthe weather, there is usually not agreat deal of plowing done in Jau-ury. However, the advice heregiven will keep and hold goodwhenever the plowing can bedone.
PLAN FOR LOTS OP CORN ?THERE'SA REASON.
Tn planning the crops for theyear, too much importance cannotbe attached to the advisability ofplanting enough in corn and otherfood crops for home consumption.
With corn now selling at prices
ranging, according to looality,
Tlelp flieHorseNo article U mora tueful 1?M\»
\u25a0boot the atable than Mica TfaUH1 Axle Create. Put a little oa T QKRI
the apladlca before you "hookup"?it willhelp the horee, and U Vbring the load home quicker. I
MM AXLE KgBREASE I
mart mill?better than aajr Bother ireaie. Coat* the axle Iwith a nard. (Booth surface of I
| powdered mica which reduce* !\u25a0friction. A*k the dealer for OH
1 . Mica Asia Oraaae.li I ??IWMMW
from seventy -to ninety oeets abushel, it sfc#uld not be s. hardmatter to gel the wide-awake farm-er to plant enough to snpply homeoonsumptien. Especially ia thistrue, when ther& ia a possibilitythat cotton will sell for a lowerprice next fall than it is now
bringing. I say this beoanse thestatement is made ibat 80 percent of the ootton mills have re-cently curtailed production. Ifthiß ia allowable in the faoe of ashort ootton orop, as we now have,how much more certain would itbe with a larger crop?
SAVE ALL THE MANURE POSSIBLE.
Keep the stable lot well litteredwith leaves and straw for thestock's sake and for the land'ssake. A load of manure iu thestable is worth more to the far-mer than a sack of fertilizer at
the factory. There is a greatdeal more in stable manure thanmere plant food. It containsmyriads of bacteria that in Bome
way unknown to the average far-mer break down and liberate plantfood in the soil, which make itof far more value than commer-cial fertilizer containing an equalamount of plant food. Save allthe manure possible. If it doesnot lessen the fertilizer bill it willincrease the crop production.
On days when neither plowingnor other work can be done, ifthey are convenient to the field,it will pay to haul rotted leavesand throw directly on the land.
The fertilizing value will justi-fy the hauling and the organiomatter added to the soil will alsobe helpful.
WHAT IS THE REMEDY?So much for the system; now
what is the remedy? First, I saythe working of the land by theowner thereof. Ifmeans be not
at band with which to work allthe land well, sell part of it tomen who can handle it and thenhelp to upbuild your communityand make your home a more de-sirable place to live on account ofbeing surrounded by a thrifty,law-abiding class of people whoare as much interested in main-taining a good community as youare. This will add dollars to thevalue of the remainder of yourfarm and make itin all probabilityas valuable in dollars and cents asthe larger place was formerly.
Ifthe above cause be not feasi-ble, try to secure a good olass oftenants and lease to them for aterm of years (not less than five),and stipulate in the contract howthe land shall be bandied. Howmuch stook shall be kept, whatrotation ofcrops shall be followed,eto.
Then don't make too close atrade with the tenant. Remem-ber he is working on poor, deple-ted soil and in helping to buildup the same he is putting moremoney into your pocket than inhis own. He will get to love thesoil on which he works if given achance to dwell on it for a termof years. His children will growup with a love for their home andcommunity and this love will makeof them better men and women.
And after making a good livingfor our famlies, what will addmore to the jovs of one's lifethan adding in the upbuilding andblessing of other lives? A. L.French, in Progressive Farmer.
BEWARE OF OINTMENTSFOR CATARRH THAT
CONTAIN MERCURY,as meroury will surely destroy thesense yf smell and completely de-range the whole system when en-tering it throngh the mucous sur-faces. Such articles should neverbe used except on prescriptionsfrom reputable physioians, as thedamage they will do is ten fold tothe good you can possibly derivefrom them. Hall's Catarrh Cure,manufactured by F. J. Cheney &
Co., Toledo, 0., contains no mer-oury, and is taken internally, aot-ing directly upon the blood andmucous surfaces of the system. Inbaying Hall's Catarrh Cure besure yon get the genuine. It istaken internally and made in To-ledo, Ohio, by F. J. Cheney & Co.Testimonials free.
Sold by Druggist. Price, 750.per bottle.
Take Hall's Family PiUs forconstipation.,. j
T'W J
THE DANBURY REPORTER.
Thompson's Dnig Store,
- r ? .. _____
1
Thirty-five years of successful business. Always up to date. We want your
trade and offer you as inducements the largest stock, the best attention to '
your wants, the purest and best drugs and medicines, and the best prices.
Come to see us when you come to Winston.t.
Peter A. Thompson, Propr.,
Norfleet Hardware Co.WINBTONS ALEM, N. C.
AGENTS FOR
Pomona Tcrra-Cotta Co.Chimney Flue Pipe, Terra-Cotta, Well
Curbing, All Sizes Terra-Cotta Pipe,For Any Purpose.
NORFLEET HARDWARE CO.OPPOSITE MASONIC TEMPLE,
Winston-Salem, N. C.
. ? New Year Greetings . .
. . FROM . .
The Gorrells of Farmer'sWarehouse,
WINSTON-SALEM, N. C.At the beginning of 1908, we wish lo express
our}heartfelt thanks to our friends and customersfor the splendid trade given us the past fall, andto assure one and all that we appreciate immen-sely their patronage. We start the new yearwith the determination to get the highest price forevery pile of tobacco sold on our floor, and fromall indications, we believe our market will openvery active, with prices as high as they were at *.
any time during the fall. Let your first resolutionbe to sell the balance of your crop with the Gor-rells, and fortune and prosperity await you.
Your Friends,
A. B. GORRELL & SON.First Sale Days At Farmers :
JANUARY, 1908 : TUESDAYS, THURSDAYS, SATURDAYS.FEBRUARY, 1908 : MONDAYS, WEDNESDAYS, FRIDAYS.MARCH, 1908 : TUESDAYS, THURSDAYS, SATURDAYS.
3 Good Merchandise || At Right Prices £J A Big Variety to Select From and Polite *
J Sales People To Wait On You. %! «? We Try to Make You Feel at home In Our Store. %
Your Money Back If Not Satisfied With Purchase. £% A big line of Dress Goods at prices that willplease you. Our line
of ladies' and children's Hats are up-to-date in style and low in*
J price. Money savers in coats and jackets. Big line of Underwearand Hosiery. £
HOLIDAY GOODS. *
% If you want to buy them where you can save money and have a? big line to select from come here. m
3 kfc Your Friends, J
I THE J. W. HESTER CO. 53 441-443 Trade Street. S WINSTON-SALEM.
Page 2
