PACE-IT: Troubleshooting Connectivity With Utilities
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Transcript of PACE-IT: Troubleshooting Connectivity With Utilities
Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
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Instructor, PACE-IT Program – Edmonds Community College
Areas of Expertise Industry Certifications
PC Hardware
Network Administration
IT Project Management
Network Design
User Training
IT Troubleshooting
Qualifications Summary
Education
M.B.A., IT Management, Western Governor’s University
B.S., IT Security, Western Governor’s University
Entrepreneur, executive leader, and proven manger with 10+ years of experience turning complex issues into efficient and effective solutions.
Strengths include developing and mentoring diverse workforces, improving processes, analyzing business needs and creating the solutions required— with a focus on technology.
Brian K. Ferrill, M.B.A.
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Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.PACE-IT.
– Connectivity utilities defined.
– Connectivity utilities explained.
– Additional software.
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Connectivity utilities defined.Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
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Connectivity is a program or device’s ability to connect (or link) to other programs or devices.
A connectivity utility is a utility or application that is used to establish connectivity and/or to diagnose or fix a connectivity issue.
Connectivity utilities defined.Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
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Connectivity utilities explained.Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
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All modern operating systems come with prepackaged connectivity utilities designed to diagnose and repair connectivity issues.
In some cases, you can use these utilities or programs from a GUI. However, in all cases, you can use the following applications from the command prompt (C:\>).
Connectivity utilities explained.Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
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Connectivity utilities explained.Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
– ping.» Simple utility used to determine if there is connectivity
between two nodes.» Uses ICMP echo requests.» The two basic formats are ping [ip address] or ping
[hostname].• Using ping6 or ping -6 will ping IPv6 hosts.
– tracert/traceroute.» Utility used to determine the path used between two
nodes.» tracert = Windows and traceroute = Linux/UNIX/OS X.» Uses ICMP echo requests with an incrementing TTL field
to form queries and get responses.» Can be of limited value, as many routers have ICMP
disabled.» Uses the same basic format as ping.
• Using traceroute6 or traceroute -6 will test for IPv6 routes.
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PathPing is a network connectivity utility that has been supplied in Microsoft operating systems since the introduction of NT.
PathPing builds upon the functionality of ping by combining it with tracert. When the application is used, it will, in effect, perform a tracert—defining the path to the last node—and then it will perform a ping test on each hop.
One disadvantage to PathPing is that it requires 25 seconds per hop to show the ping results. It uses the same command format as ping and tracert.
Connectivity utilities explained.Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
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Connectivity utilities explained.Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
– ipconfig/ifconfig.» ipconfig = Windows and ifconfig = Linux/UNIX/OS X.» Used to determine the IP configuration of a given node.» Can also be used to change the IP configuration of a
given node.» When using to diagnose connectivity, look for incorrect
IP address, incorrect subnet mask, incorrect DNS address, and/or incorrect default gateway.
– arp.» Stands for address resolution protocol.» Used to correlate IP addresses to MAC addresses.» The utility can help to determine when there is an issue
with the arp table on a given node.
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Connectivity utilities explained.Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
– nslookup.» Stands for name server lookup.» Supported by all major operating systems.» Used to diagnose DNS issues.» Can be helpful in determining if a DNS server is having
problems.
– dig.» UNIX/Linux/OS X command that is similar to nslookup.» It does use different switch modifiers and return
different results.
– route.» Windows specific command.» Used to view and manipulate the routing tables on a
Windows OS node.
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Connectivity utilities explained.Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
– nbtstat.» Stands for NetBios over TCP statistics.» Windows implements the NBT protocol for backward
compatibility.» nbtstat is the utility to use if a NetBios issue is
suspected.
– netstat.» Stands for network statistics.» Utility used to display protocol statistics and current
TCP/IP network connection.» Useful for determining if a connection has been made
and the status of that connection.
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Additional software.Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
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Additional software.Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
– Throughput testers.» Used to determine the data flow (bandwidth) of a
network.» Can be used internally (to test the flow within a LAN).» Can be used externally (to test the flow of a WAN
connection).» Are often used to create a baseline of network
performance.
– Protocol analyzers.» Often called packet sniffers.» Examine the network behavior at a very basic level.» Can examine all of the packets coming into and out of
an interface.» Can be used to see what is consuming network
resources (e.g., is a broadcast storm occurring or is an interface going bad?)
» Wireshark is a common protocol analyzer that is often used.
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Connectivity is a device or program’s ability to connect to another device or program. Connectivity utilities are used to establish that connectivity is present and/or to diagnose and repair connectivity issues.
Topic
Connectivity utilities defined.
Summary
Depending on the operating system used, ping, tracert/traceroute, PathPing, ipconfig/ifconfig, arp, nslookup, dig, route, nbtstat, and netstat are all utilities that are available to diagnose connectivity issues.
Connectivity utilities explained.
Throughput testers measure the bandwidth that is available—either within the LAN or at the WAN connection. Protocol analyzers provide a fundamental view of the network; they look at the packet level to see what is occurring in the network.
Additional software.
What was covered.Troubleshooting connectivity with utilities.
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THANK YOU!
This workforce solution was 100 percent funded by a $3 million grant awarded by the U.S. Department of Labor's Employment and Training Administration. The solution was created by the grantee and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Labor. The Department of Labor makes no guarantees, warranties, or assurances of any kind, express or implied, with respect to such information, including any information on linked sites and including, but not limited to, accuracy of the information or its completeness, timeliness, usefulness, adequacy, continued availability or ownership. Funded by the Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, Grant #TC-23745-12-60-A-53.
PACE-IT is an equal opportunity employer/program and auxiliary aids and services are available upon request to individuals with disabilities. For those that are hearing impaired, a video phone is available at the Services for Students with Disabilities (SSD) office in Mountlake Terrace Hall 159. Check www.edcc.edu/ssd for office hours. Call 425.354.3113 on a video phone for more information about the PACE-IT program. For any additional special accommodations needed, call the SSD office at 425.640.1814. Edmonds Community College does not discriminate on the basis of race; color; religion; national origin; sex; disability; sexual orientation; age; citizenship, marital, or veteran status; or genetic information in its programs and activities.