IBM PC 5150

By Li Qiwei , Li Song , Wang Lu

The father of IBM PC——Don.Estridge

The IBM PC lineModel name Model # Introduced CPU Features

PC 5150 August 1981 8088 Floppy disk or cassette system

XT 5160 March 1983 8088 First IBM PC to come with an

internal hard drive as standard.

Portable 5155 February 1984 8088 Floppy-based portable

AT 5170 August 1984 80286 Faster Processor, Faster System

Bus (6Mhz, later 8Mhz, vs

4.77Mhz ), Jumperless

Configuration, Real Time Clock

3270 AT 5281 June 1985 80286 With 3270 terminal emulation

Convertible 5140 April 1986 8088 Microfloppy laptop portable

IBM 5150 PC

System Unit

Size: - Width - 20", Depth - 16", Height - 5.5"

Weight: - Without diskette drive - 21 lbs.

- With one - 25 lbs.

- With two drives - 28 lbs.

Electrical: - 120 v. AC

Cycle Time: - Main storage - 410 nanoseconds

- Access - 250 nanoseconds

Memory: - 40K built-in read only memory (ROM)

- 16K to 256K user memory

Standard: - Keyboard for data and text entry

- Cassette player jack for cassette attachment

- Five expansion slots for additional memory anddisplay,

printer, communications and game adaptors

- Built-in speaker for musical programming

- Power-on automatic self-test of system components

- BASIC language interpreter, 16K memory

Keyboard

Size: - Width - 20", Depth - 8", Height - 2"

Weight: - 6 lbs.

Keys: -83 full-function for data and text entry: includes 10 for

numeric entry and cursor control and 10 special function for

scrolling, editing, etc.

-Easy access to 256 characters (ASCII and Special)

Keyboard: -Adjustable typing angle

-Detached from system unit and connected by six-foot cable for

flexibility

-All keys automatically repeat

Diskette drive

Number of diskettes: - Up to two 5¼" diskette

drives

Storage capacity: - 160 kilobytes per

diskette

Diskette

drive

The Intel 8088 microprocessor was a variant of the Intel 8086 and was introduced on July 1, 1979. It had an 8-bitexternal data bus instead of the 16-bit bus of the 8086. The 16-bit registers and the one megabyte address range were unchanged, however.

from wikipedia

Because the 8088 chip is mature and economical, and IBM already had a history of using Intel chips in its products and had also acquired the rights to manufacture the 8086 family. IBM chose it as the first real sense of PC CPU.

The 8088 and a 5 yuan coin

View a second image of the Intel 8088 Microprocessor

Produced From 1979 to 1990s

Common Intel, AMD, NEC, Fujitsu

Manufacture Harris(Intersil), OKI, Siemens, AG Texas Instruments, Mitsubishi

CPU clock rate 4.77 MHZ

Max. CPU clock rate

5 MHz to 10 MHz

Address Bus 20 bit

Main Memory 1 M

Instruction set x86-16

Package(s) 40-pin DIP, 44-pin PLCC

8088 CPU internal use two independent function components, BIU(Bus Interface Unit) and EU(Execution Unit) respectively.

BIU EU

The flags of 8088

The architecture of 8088

8088 had the same instruction set as 8086, and there are some important instructions of them.

PerformanceDepending on the clock frequency, the number of memory wait states, as well as on the characteristics of the particular application program, the average performance for the Intel 8088 ranged from approximately 0.33-1 million instructions per second. Meanwhile, the mov reg, reg and ALU reg, reg instructions taking two and three cycles respectively yielded an absolute peak performance of between 1/3 and 1/2 MIPS per MHz, that is, somewhere in the range 3–5 MIPS at 10 MHz.

The descendants of the 8088 include the 80188, 80186, 80286, 80386, and later software compatible processors, which are in use today. See below for a more complete list.

STORAGE MEDIA OF IBM PC

Cassette tape

• SAM(Sequential Access Memory)

German-made cassettes sold for

computer data recording, circa

1980

Drum memory

Floppy diskettes

8-inch, 5¼-inch, and 3½-inch floppy disks

Floppy diskettes

in IBM PC

• one or two 5.25-inch floppy disk drives

• single-sided double-density drives

(SS/DD, a.k.a. SSDD), or double-sided

double-density drives (DS/DD, a.k.a.

DSDD)

Floppy diskettes

• magnetic storage

• DAM(Direct Access Memory)

• floppy disk drive

• 3.5-inch (89 mm), 5.25-inch (133 mm) and 8-inch (200 mm)

• The disks were dubbed "floppy" because the diskette packaging was a very flexible plastic envelope

DAM(direct access memory/storage)

• A floppy disk, like a cassette tape, is made from a thin piece of plastic coated with a magnetic material on both sides. However, it is shaped like a disk rather than a long thin ribbon. The tracks are arranged in concentric rings so that the software can jump from "file 1" to "file 19" without having to fast forward through files 2-18. The diskette spins like a record and the heads move to the correct track, providing what is known as direct access storage.

Capacity of the floppy disk

Tracks(brown)

Sectors(yellow)

Capacity of the floppy disk

As to floppy disks in IBM PC:

•512 bytes per sector

•8 or 9 sectors per track

•40 tracks per side

•single-side or double-side

The capacity of IBM PC is 160kB or 320kB

or 180kB or 360kB

Floppy diskettes

in IBM PC

• one or two 5.25-inch floppy disk drives

• single-sided double-density drives

(SS/DD, a.k.a. SSDD), or double-sided

double-density drives (DS/DD, a.k.a.

DSDD)

Single density and double density

• single density and double density indicated a

difference in logical encoding

• FM(frequency modulation)

• MFM(Modified Frequency Modulation)

Thank You!