P. Kravtsov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute DOUBLE POLARIZED DD-FUSION P. Kravtsov, N. Chernov, K. Grigoryev, I. Ivanov, E. Komarov, L. Kotchenda, M. Mikirtychyants, S. Sherman, S. Terekhin V. Trofimov, A. Vasilyev, M. Vznuzdaev Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia R. Engels, L. Kroell, F. Rathmann, H. Stroeher IKP, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Germany H. Paetz Gen. Schieck IKP, University of Cologne, Germany M. Marusina, S. Kiselev University ITMO, St.Petersburg, Russia P. Kravtsov Participating Institutions Financial support: ISTC project #3881 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Ministry of Science and Education Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Russia Forschungszentrum Jlich, Germany Cologne University, Germany KVI, Gronningen, Netherlands University ITMO, St.Petersburg, Russia Ferrara University, Italy (?) P. Kravtsov Double polarized dd-fusion d + d t + p 3 He + n Systematic measurements of the spin-correlation coefficients Cross section increase [R.M. Kulsrud et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 1248 (1982)] 3 He+d 4 He+p : Factor ~1.5 at 430 keV [Ch. Leemann et al., Annals of Phys. 66, 810 (1971)] Neutrons suppression Quintet suppression factor [H. Paetz gen. Schieck, Eur. Phys. J. A 44, 321354 (2010)] [Deltuva and Fonseca, Phys. Rev. C 81 (2010)] Trajectories control of the fusion products United efforts on the practical use of the polarized fusion Persistence of the Polarization in a Fusion Process [J.-P. Didelez and C. Deutsch. Few-Body Conference, Bonn (2009)] The main 4-nucleon fusion reaction good testing ground for microscopic calculations P. Kravtsov History Measurement of the polarization correlation coefficients in reactions 2 H(d, p) 3 H and 2 H(d, n) 3 He at low energies B.P. Adjasevich, V.G. Antonenko P. Kravtsov The Quintet suppression factor Direct experiment required! P. Kravtsov Experiment layout Luminosity: 1.3 /cm 2 s count rate: ~ 54/h (30keV) 1 week of beam time P. Kravtsov ABS (based on SAPIS ABS) ~6000 L/s P. Kravtsov ABS dissociator Cooled nozzle (70-300K) plasma P. Kravtsov Degree of dissociation and intensity measurements QMS Compression tube Faraday cup Two-coordinate table P. Kravtsov POLIS Ion source 2010 P. Kravtsov POLIS. Control system. VERY old (is not supported 10 years) failed to work in KVI before departure compact (high channel density) widely used in our systems at BNL, PSI, GSI and AIRBUS test rig P. Kravtsov POLIS. New control system (cooling + vacuum). P. Kravtsov POLIS. Current state. Water cooling [no central cooling system] Vacuum system [pressure : 210 -7 mbar] Control system [vacuum and cooling only] o Magnets o Dissociator o RF units P. Kravtsov Experimental hall May 2011Sep 2011 P. Kravtsov Experimental hall. Equipment layout P. Kravtsov Electronics platform P. Kravtsov Cooling system System parameters: Liquid-air heatexchanger Cooling power: 100kW Coolant: water + 10% ethanol Flowrate: 1.4 l/s Temperature drop: 30-50C P. Kravtsov Interaction chamber and detector system Interaction chamber Helmholtz coils Detector system P. Kravtsov Detector system. PIN diodes version. 4- detector setup with 44% filling ~300 Hamamatsu Si PIN photodiodes (S3590) 1cm 2 active area 300um depletion layer good energy resolution (17keV for 1MeV Carbon ions at RHIC) Proof of principle: L. Kroell. Diploma thesis, FZJ RWTH. P. Kravtsov Detector system Surface Barrier Detector 4- detector setup with 65% filling 50 square detector elements (33x33mm) 800 SBD cells (7x7mm) P. Kravtsov Detector test bench Alpha-source: 239 Pu Pu = 80.4% 238 Pu Am = 19.6% 234 U U U 241 Am P. Kravtsov Surface Barrier Detector. Energy resolution. E~35keV Alpha-source: 234 U+ 235 U+ 238 U P. Kravtsov Surface Barrier Detector. Dead layer measurements SRIMM calculations for 4 He ions in Au: 30keV shift => 100nm gold layer Alpha-source: 239 Pu 30keV P. Kravtsov Surface Barrier Detector. Hydrogen effect mbar continuous 1100 mbar hydrogen Experiment condition: 10 -5 mbar P. Kravtsov Readout electronics Readout requirements: 800 channels Total count rate 1kHz Standard interface (Ethernet?) Event synchronization for coincidence trigger CSP from ATLAS CSC [BNL] P. Kravtsov Working Plan InfrastructureDecember 2012 Experimental hall preparationMarch 2011 Platform for electronicsMay 2011 Water cooling systemDecember 2012 Assemble and run the POLIS sourceJune 2013 Mechanical assemblingJune 2011 Vacuum + water distribution systemMarch 2012 Control systemFebruary 2012 Adjustments and tuningFebruary 2013 Solid target experimentJune 2013 Upgrade of the SAPIS ABSDecember 2013 Vacuum systemDecember 2012 Magnet system designDecember 2012 Dissociator designMarch 2012 Transition units designMarch 2013 ABS tests and tuningDecember 2013 Detector systemDecember 2012 Interaction chamberApril 2011 Surface barrier detector measurementsSeptember 2012 Mechanical support designSpring 2012 Readout electronics designFall 2012 Electronics productionDecember 2012 P. Kravtsov Thank you! P. Kravtsov P. Kravtsov Hyperfine states P. Kravtsov Count rate P. Kravtsov Data situation Tagishi et al.; Phy. Rev. C 46 (1992) [Analysing Powers: 2 H(d,p) 3 H, solid target] Becker et al. Few Body Sys. 13 (1992) [Analysing Powers] Imig et al. Phys.Rev. C 73 (2006) [Spin-Transfer Koeff.] All experiments were performed at solid targets P. Kravtsov The Formula Spins of both deuterons are aligned: Only p z (q z ) and p zz (q zz ) 0 Only beam is polarized: (p i,j 0, q i,j = 0) (,) = 0 () {1 + 3/2 A y () p y + 1/2 A xz () p xz + 1/6 A xx-yy () p xx-zz + 2/3 A zz () p zz } P. Kravtsov Unpolarized cross sections R. E. Brown, N. Jarmie, Phys. Rev. C 41 N4 (1990) P. Kravtsov Polarization measurement P. Kravtsov Deuterium polarization P. Kravtsov Initial detector system 4- rotational gimbal support step motors with good angular resolution (~0.01 degree)