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OYBEAN VARIETIES IN ILLINOIS for 1966

THE LIBR •. , ~.. • . . D. PARDEE .. R. L. BERNARD .. R. 0. WEIBEL .. W. 0. SCOTT APR 19 1v ~ '"'

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS • COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE • COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE • CIRCULAR 929

CONTENTS

New Varieties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Soybean Variety Usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Variety Trials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Maturity Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Four-Year Average Yields. . . . . . . . . 6 locations and Cooperators. . . . . . . . 7 Soybean Variety Yields, 1965 ..... 8-9 Oil Content. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0 Protein Content. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 0

Varieties Recommended for 1966 Planting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Varieties Not Recommended at Present 13 New Varieties Under Test. . . . . . . . . . . 14

Authors: W. D. PARDEE, Extension Specialist in Forage Crops; R. L. BERNARD, Research Geneticist, Regional Soybean Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture; R. 0. WEIBEL, Extension Specialist in Crop Production; and W. 0. SCOTT, Extension Spe­cialist in Crop Production.

Urbana, Illinois February, 1966

Cooperative Extension Work, University of Illinois, College of Agriculture, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture

cooperating. JOHN B. CLAAR, Director. Acts approved by Congress May 8 and June 30, 1914.

SOYBEAN VARIETIES FOR 1966

When you choose a soybean variety, you naturally want to know its yield record. You also want to know a great deal more. When does it mature, for instance? Can it resist diseases? How does it stand?

This circular can help you find the answers to these ques­tions. It brings together the latest and most complete infor­mation on the performance of soybean varieties in Illinois, including yields from the U.S. Regional Soybean Laboratory at Urbana, as well as yields from more than 40 county demonstra­tions. You'll find figures on trends in variety usage, com par i­sons of rna turi ty dates at different locations in Illinois, and standability ratings. Also included are descriptions of all vari­eties we are recommending, as well as descriptions of those we are not recommending- and the reasons.

Many fine people helped us collect this information. We par­ticularly appreciate the assistance of the U .S. Regional Soybean Laboratory at Urbana. We are also grateful to the farmers, farm advisers, seedsmen, and agronomists who pitched in to help. It is this teamwork that keeps Illinois the leading state in the nation in soybean production.

Soybean variety trials in Illinois are conducted by R. L. Bernard of the U.S. Regional Soybean Laboratory, Urbana. Working closely with him are several cooperators whose efforts are indispensable. We express our appreciation to these men for their help: R. R. Bell, Northern Illinois Agronomy Re­search Center at DeKalb (Shabbona); Harry Henderson, Mazon (Dwight) ; C. H . Farnham, Illinois Agricultural Experi­ment Station (Urbana); Lloyd Brothers (Girard); John Wilson (Edgewood); Marshall Grisham (Eldorado); D. R. Browning, Southern Illinois University (Carbondale); and M. B. Patton (Miller City).

In 1965 soybean yields were high over most of the state. Diseases, particularly brown stem rot and charcoal rot, hit some areas of south-central Illinois. Worst hit were early-maturing varieties. Still, many counties harvested record yields. For the state as a whole, the Illinois Cooperative Crop Reporting Ser­vice estimates an average of 29 bushels per acre, second highest on record, and nearly matching the 29.5 mark set in 1963.

3

4 Circular No. 929

New Varieties

Wayne is a new variety developed at the U.S. Regional Soy­bean Laboratory at Urbana. It has an outstanding yield record throughout south-central Illinois, where it matures a day or two later than the Shelby variety. It shows field tolerance to phytophthora rot. It standability is adequate but not out­standing, being about equal to that of Shelby. Seed producer increased Wayne in 1965, and limited amounts of certified eed will be available in the spring of 1966. By 1967 seed supplie should be ample.

A -100, a Minnesota variety, has performed well in northern Illinois trials. Short and early, A-100 stands well and show promise. Certified seed will be available in 1966.

Chippewa 64 joins the phytophthora-resistant Harosoy 63, I-Iawkeye 63, and Clark 63. Each performs like its namesake­except for one important difference: these varieties can resist phytophthora rot. This disease causes a black rot on both root and stem that kills or severely weakens plant . Chippewa 64 has shown yields equal to those of Chippewa.

Amsoy is a new release from Iowa that shows excellent promise for central and north-central Illinois. It rna tures about two days later than Harosoy and a day or two earlier than Hawkeye. It stands as well as or better than Hawkeye and ap­preciably better than Harosoy. It has excellent yield records in northern and central Illinois, outyielding Harosoy and Hawkeye in most tests . Certified seed growers will produce A m oy seed in 1966 and seed supplies will be available for general planting in 1967.

Soybean Varieties 5

Soybean Variety Usage

Each year the Illinois Cooperative Crop Reporting Service contact Illinois farmers to find out what varieties of soybeans they are planting. Tables 1 and 2 show the recent patterns in oybean usage in Illinois.

Table 1.- Trends in Variety Usage in Illinois

Variety

Adams . ............... .. ...... .... . Chippewa . . . . . ....... .......... . .. . Clark .. . .... .. . .. .. . . . .... .. . . . . . . . Clark 63 .. ... . . ......... ... ...... . .

Harosoy . . ........................ . Harosoy 63 .... . . ........... . ...... . Hawkeye ... . . . . ..... .. .... . . .... . . . Hawkeye 63 ... . .. . .... . .... ....... .

Kent ... . . . .. ............ ..... .. .. . Lincoln ............... ... .. ....... . Lindarin . ........... . ..... ....... . . Shelby ... .... ............. . . . ..... . All other ..... . ... . ...... .... . ..... .

* Less than 0.5 percent.

1961

4 1

24

29 . . 19

1 6

14 2

1962 1963 1964

(percent of acres planted) 5 5 4 1 * *

24 24 22 * 3

30 33 30 * 6 ..

16 14 12 * 1

1 3 2 1 * * 8 7 7

13 12 11 2 2 2

1965

2 *

16 10

19 23

7 5

1 * 5

10 2

Note that Harosoy 63 passed Harosoy as the most popu­lar variety in the state. Clark has continued to be popular in outhern Illinois though Clark 63 came on strong in 1965.

Adams, Hawkeye, Shelby, Lindarin, and Kent all decreased lightly in acreage.

Table 2.- Distribution of Soybean Varieties Grown in Illinois, 1965

Variety North North- South­central central South State

(percent of acres planted in each area) Adams .... . .. ....... .. .... . . . . . ... . 1 3 3 2 2 Clark ............... .. ............ . Clark 63 . .................. . ...... . Harosoy ...................... . . . .. 26 Harosoy 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Hawkeye................... . .. ..... 8 Hawkeye 63 ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Kent ...... ...... .. .......... .... . . Lindarin .......... . . ... ...... .... . . 16 Shelby ............................ . All other ... . ....... .. . ............ . 4

2 19 57 16 2 17 22 10

27 16 2 19 29 19 1 23 12 3 . . . 7

8 1 1 5

7 9 1

1 3 1 2 1 5

18 8 10 1 3 2

6 Circular No. 929

Variety Trials

Table 3.- Average Maturity Dates of Recommended Varieties at Test Locations in Illinois, 1962-1965

Variety

Chippewa .... . .......................... . Chippewa 64 ................... . ...... .. . A- 100 .. .............. . ........... .. .. .. . Harosoy 63 .............................. . Harosoy ................ : ............ . . . . Lindarin 63 . ....... ......... . ........... . Amsoy ............. . ............ .. ...... . Hawkeye 63 ...... ..... .. .. ...... .. . . .... . Adams ...... . .. .......... .. ............. .

Shelby ....... ..... . . ... . . .. ............. . Wayne ....... .... . . . .......... . .. . Clark .............. . .................... . Clark 63 . .. . ............... . ............ . Bellatti L263 ... .. .... . ........ . ... ...... . Kent .. .... . . . ....... ... . . ......... ..... . Scott . ........ ..... ..... ... ..... . .. .. .. . . Delmar . .......... . .............. .. ..... .

Northern Illinois,

Shabbona

9-15 9-15 9-21 9- 24 9-25 9-26 9-28 9-29

Data from U.S. Regional Soybean Laboratory, Urbana.

Central Illinois, Urbana

8-31 8-31 9-5 9-8 9-8 9-9 9-12 9-14 9-14

9-22 9-23

10-1 10- 1 10-1

Southern Illinois,

Eldorado

8-30 8-31 8-30

9-2 9-2

9-9 9- 10 9-23 9- 23 9-23

10-2 10-6 10-5

Table 4.- Average Yields of Soybean Varieties at Test Locations in Illinois, 1962-1965 (varieties listed in order of maturity, early to late)

Northern, North East West South Southern Delta, Variety Shabbona Central, Central, Central, Central. Eldo- Carbon- Miller

Dwight Urbana Girard Edgewood rado dale City

Chippewa .. .... 41.8 39.3 41.3"' Chippewa 64 .... 42.1 39 .3 39 . 8 A-100 .... ..... 44.4 42 .5 44 . 2 Harosoy 63 ..... 44.7 41 .0 45.8 37 .5 33.4 40 .3 28 .9 Harosoy ..... ... 46.0 42 . 7 46 . 7 40.6 34 .5 44 . 1 28.6 Lindarin 63 ..... 41.5 39.3 43 . 7 39.9 33.7 41.7 27 .7 Amsoy . .... 48.3 44.5 50.4 44 . 7 35 .9 H~wkeye 63 .... 38.4 38.7 41.7 39.0 32 . 1 37 . 5 26 . 1 Adams ....... .. 37.9 45.0 42 . 2 32.3 41.3 27.1

Shelby . .... . ... 46.3 43 .9 36.4 45 .3 31.4 37.2 Wayne .. ....... 49.8 48 .8 41.3 51.5 32.8 47.0 Clark .......... 47.2 44.8 37 .0 48.8 30.4 41 .4 Clark 63 ... . ... 44.3 38.8 47 . 2 30.8 43.1 Bellatti L263"' ... 47.9 46 . 6 Kent .... ...... 44.0 35 . 6 50 . 2 33 .4 46 .5 Scott ..... .. ... 48 .8 33 .3 44.5 Delmar"' ....... 43.0 31.7 44 .4

Data from U.S. Regional Soybean Laboratory, Urbana. a Estimate based on three·year data.

Soybean Varieties 7

locations and Cooperators

Region County Farm Adviser Cooperator Northern Du Page W. E. Schmidt Forrest Peters

Henry D. W. Fike Bill Wyffels Kane P. B. Farris George and Harry Grever Kankakee L. D. Graham Ray Claussen

Gerald Strachen Lake R. T. Nicholas Roy Behm La Salle R. L. Fink Kenneth Elliot

John Butterfield Marshall-Putnam H. D. McLaughlin Francis Stange Whiteside F. A. Tincher Warren Newman Winnebago R. G. Kerr Leon Vormezeek

Roger Bates

North-Central Henderson J. C. Eisenmayer Dannenberg Brothers Iroquois K. R. Imig George and Daniel Dexter Knox D. L. Tee! Harold Moore Livingston P. T. Wilson Albert Palm McDonough R. D. Weller Western Ill. Univ. McLean E. G. Mosbacher Ora Denny Stark ]. F. Ellis W. N. Wilkinson

Francis Barnes Warren J. G. McCurdy Don Kirkpatrick Woodford W. M. Sager Fred Gibbs

Central Coles L. M. Christen Mattoon H. S. Vo-Ag Cumberland J. C. Slaton Toledo Experiment Field DeWitt H. D. Cruthis ]. D. Moberly Douglas M.D. Bateman J. B . Roberts Edgar D. A. Hewitt Lloyd Lindsey Greene J. H. Neuschwander Thomas Handlin Logan H. A. Brinkmeier Hartsburg Exp. Field Macon W. E. Myers Don Westerman Macoupin 0. 0. Mowery Paul Hembrough Mason J. J. Faggetti Charles Roat Montgomery R. F. Long Roy Weller

Ted Bauer Ross Pope

Morgan G. A. Trull James Rawlings Moultrie S. R. Eden John Durbin Pike . H. S. Wright Pittsfield H. S. FFA Sangamon D.C. Corn Robert Dickey Schuyler J. E. Coplan Clyde Carty Shelby C. H. Cowsert Shelbyville Extension

Vo-Ag Demon. Plots

South-Central Crawford A. B. Lahr Henry Maddox and Southern Oblong Experiment Field

Fayette J . B. Turner Brownstown Res. Center Hamilton F. W. Kittinger Harrel Eaton Madison T. W. May Delmar Grotefendt

Bergman-Taylor Seeds Massac R.I. Mowers Earl Helmantoler Perry C. R. Howell Waldo Egbert Randolph C. E. Willman Edgar and :Qaryl Reid St. Clair R. E. Hood Orison Seibert

Laverne Kinzinger Washington W. D. Smith Theo. Kitowski

Table 5.- Soybean Variety Yields, 1965, NORTHERN ILLINOIS

Kankakee La Salle Variety Du Page Kane

(1) (2) Lake

(1) (2) Mar.-Put. Whiteside

Chippewa 64 .. . .... ........ 34 35 37 38 32 45 41 35 43 Chippewa ..... . .... ... . .... 34 36 39 38 25 43 41 34 41 A- 100 .... ... . .... .... . . . . . 35 30 42 33 30 45 47 38 41 Harosoy 63 . . ... ............ 36 37 41 31 32 50 47 35 44 Harosoy .... . . ... . .......... 38 37 43 33 33 50 49 37 46 Lindarin 63 . .......... .. .... 31 38 37 35 32 44 41 37 46 Lindarin . .. ................ 29 35 39 35 33 45 36 46 Hawkeye 63 . .. . . . .... ..... . 26 37 39 32 33 48 46 39 36 Hawkeye .... . . . . . . . ... . .... 29 37 41 32 31 50 50 40 43 Wayne ... .. .. . .... . ... . . ... 30 36 42 36 35 49 56 45 51

8 Weighted to compensate for any missing plot .

Table 5.- Continued, NORTH-CENTRAL ILLINOIS

Variety Henderson Iroquois Livingston McDonough McLeanb

A- 100 ............... ... . . .. . .. 26 Harosoy 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7 Harosoy..... . . ................ 24 Lindarin 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Lindarin .... ..... . ..... . ... . . . . Hawkeye 63. . . .. . .... . . .. .... .. 27 Hawkeye ... . . ....... .. ... . ..... 26 Shelby . . . . ....... . ... . ......... 23 Wayne .. . .. . . ...... . .......... . 30 Bellatti L263. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Clark 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

8 W ei13'hted to compensate for any missing plots. b Not mcluded in averages.

27 31 30 27 26 31 34 40 41 38 27

29 36 29 35 28 34 28 37 40 38 43

29 36 36 28 35 34 35 35 34

31

48 49

48 53

50

Stark

(1) (2)

55 49 51 44 50 47 47 46 49 50 50 43 58 52 57 44 58 54 56 47 59 51

01)

Winnebago

(1) (2) Ave. a

35 35 37.3 35 34 36 .4 36 37.4 36 39 38.9 36 36 39.8 33 35 37 . 2

37 .3 37 36 37 . 2 36 38 . 6 44 41 42.3

n ~· c

i 2: ~ '() t.)

Woodford Ave. a '()

0 0 36.7 50 39 .3 46 37 .4 42 36 . 1 43 37.0 45 37 . 7 46 39 .8 47 41.4 43 44 . 1 48 40 . 1 43 40 . 9

Table 5.- Continued, CENTRAL ILLINOIS

Cum- De- Doug- Ed- Lo- Ma- Ma- Ma- Montgomery Mor- Moul- San- Schuy- She!-Variety Coles her- Witt las Greene cou- trie Pike ga- ler by Ave. a

land gar gan con pin son (1) (2) (3) gan mon

A-100 ... ..... . ... 28 33 43 42 17 25 19 34 43 35 35 37 42 35 27 40 .. 32 . 7 Harosoy 63 . ....... 26 15 27 49 39 20 25 29 34 37 54 38 40 40 45 32 32 32 32 34 .1 Harosoy .. ......... 30 14 40 50 39 21 29 29 33 36 44 36 40 43 50 38 32 30 32 35 .0 Lindarin 63 ........ 21 18 30 47 37 14 25 30 35 34 44 32 39 41 45 26 30 39 32 32.6 Lindarin . .. . .... .. 20 23 48 38 17 24 30 34 34 49 29 39 40 47 32 32 35 33 32 .9 Hawkeye 63 . ...... 33 18 21 49 39 21 31 30 36 37 43 32 44 45 51 35 31 38 29 34 .9 Hawkeye . . ...... . . 35 15 40 50 .. 23 . . 30 36 38 44 37 44 48 50 35 33 37 29 36 .5 Shelby ..... . ...... 33 20 33 51 43 28 36 35 37 42 50 35 44 55 56 41 33 38 28 38.8 Wayne . . .......... 34 22 34 53 40 28 37 31 41 .. 49 47 51 49 60 51 43 41 35 41 .5 Bellatti L263 . ..... 31 20 33 56 41 32 43 43 43 52 46 44 43 55 40 34 39 40 .0 Clark 63 . . ........ 32 21 33 41 30 42 44 45 57 51 44 46 60 40 36 41 .4

a \Vei ghted to compensate for any missing plot .

Table 5.- Continued, SOUTH-CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN I:LLINOIS

Crawford Ham- Madison Ran- St. Clair Wash-Variety (1) (2)

Fayette ilton (1) (2) Massac Perry dolph (1) ington Average"

(2)

Harosoy 63 ........ . .............. . ... 19 25 25 14 31 29 19 24 20 28 .. 24 23 . 7 Harosoy .. .. .......... . .. . ........ . .. . 17 28 26 17 31 34 21 25 21 29 26 24 24 .9 Lindarin 63 . .. .... . ..... . ............. 23 36 22 14 31 30 34 22 24 29 23 28 26 .3 Lindarin .. . . ........ .. . . .. . .. . . . ..... 17 27 24 19 33 35 28 19 23 31 24 27 25 . 6 Shelby ... . . ............... . ....... . .. 22 39 31 24 35 40 22 32 36 35 32 30 31 .5 Wayne .... . ......... . ... . ..... . ...... 30 40 31 14 45 42 27 30 38 41 34 36 34 .0 Bellatti L263 . . .............. . ........ . . 39 33 20 35 38 27 33 35 38 39 37 33 . 6 Clark 63 . .. . ... . . . .. ................. 29 27 33 17 37 41 25 31 40 38 36 37 32 . 6 Clark .... . . .. .. ... ........ . .. . . . .. . .. 19 32 .. 40 41 22 . . 40 39 38 36 32 .3 Scott ... ... . ..... . . . ... . ... . ... . . .. .. 29 32 33 20 .. 18 31 36 32 37 32 31.2 Kent ...... .. . ... . ... . . . ... . ......... 19 24 27 18 48 42 22 32 46 42 40 31 32 . 6

a \Vei ghted to compensate for any missing plots.

10 Circular No. 929

I n these tests, varieties differed very little in their oil con­tent. A msoy and A dams w ere slightly higher a t test sites where they appeared.

Table 6. - Oil Content of Soybean Varieties at Test Locations in Illinois, 1962-1965

Variety

Chippewa ...... . . . . . . . .. .. . . ... .. ... . . . . . Chippewa 64 . . . .... . . . .. : . ...... . ....... . A- 100 . . .... . .................... . ... ... . Harosoy 63 . . . . . . ... . ..... . .... . ... · ...... . Harosoy ... .. . . . . . ....... ...... ......... . Lindarin 63 ... . . .... . ............. . . .. .. . Amsoy . . .. . ...... . .. . . .................. . Hawkeye 63 ... . . . ... .. . . .. . .. . ... . .. ... . . Adams .. ... . . . .. . . . .. . . .. . .... . . . ... ... . .

Shelby .. . .... . ... .. ......... . .. . . . . . . . .. . Wayne . . ... . . . .. ... .... . . . .. . .. ... . . ... . . Clark ... . .... . .... .. .. . . . ............ . .. . Clark 63 . ... . .. . .. . . . .. .. .. . ..... .. . . ... . Bellatti L263 . . ... . ...... .. .............. . Kent . . ...... . . .. .. . . . . .. . .. . . . . .. .... . . . Scott . . .. ..... . .. . ... . . ... . .. ... . .... . .. . Delmar . . . . . .. ... . .. . .. . ...... ... . .. . . . . .

Northern , Shabbona

20 .5 20 . 6 21 .5 21.0 20 .9 21 .0 22 . 1 20 .9

Data from U .S. R egional Soybean Laborato ry, Urbana.

Central, Urbana

(percent) 21. 2 21. 2 22.2 21. 7 21.5 21 .4 22 . 6 21. 7 22 . 1

21 .5 21.6 21.0

21. 3

Southern , E ldorado

22 . 2 22 .3 22 .3

22 . 2 22 . 7

21. 8 21. 7 21. 9 21. 8 21 .3 21 .5 20 .9 21 .3

Differences between varieties in protein content were very small. Wayne led at both central and southern test sites.

Table 7.- Protein Content of Soybean Varieties at Test Locations in Illinois, 1962-1965

Variety

Chippewa . . . . ... . .... . ... . . . ... ...... . .. . Chippewa 64 .. . . . ... . .... . ... . ... . .. . ... . A-100 .. . . ....... .. . ... . ... . .. ... ....... . Harosoy 63 . .. . . .... . .... ... .. . ... .. .. .. . . Harosoy ... . . . .. ... .. .... .. .... . . . ... . .. . Lindarin 63 .. . .... . .. . . . . . . . .... .. .. . ... . Amsoy .. .. . .. . . ... . . . ... . . . .. . . .. . . . . ... . Hawkeye 63 . . . . .. . ... .... . .. . .... ... . ... . Adams ... . .... .. . . .. . .. .. . .. . ... ..... . .. .

Shelby . ... ... . . . . . ... . ... . . . . . . . ... . .... . Wayne ... . .. . ... . . . . .... ... . . . .... .. ... . . Clark . . . ... . . .. .. .. . . . . .. ... . . . .... . . . . . . Clark 63 . ... .. ...... .. . . .. ... . . ... ... ... . Bellatti L263 . . . .. . .. . . .. ... . .... . . .. . . . . .

Northern , Shabbona

40 . 7 40 .9 39 . 8 40 .5 40 .0 40 .3 38.4 40 . 7

Kent . . .. ........ . ... . . . .. . . ... . ....... . . Scott . . . ... . . ... . . .... . .. ........ .... . .. . Delmar .. . ..... . . ... . . .. .. .. ... . . ..... . . .

Data from U.S. Regional Soybean Laboratory, Urbana.

Central , Urbana

(percent) 40.6 40 .5 39 . 6 40 .0 39.9 40 .0 38.4 40 . 2 39 . 1

39 . 8 41.0 40 . 2

40 .0

Southern, Eldorado

41.8 41.6 41 .5

41.8 40 .8

41.9 42 .2 41.7 41.1 41.7 41.7 39 .9 41.1

Soybean Varieties 11

Varieties Recommended for 1966 Planting

Chippewa 64, an early variety adapted to northern Illinois performs quite like its older namesake Chippewa, except that it carries resistance to phytophthora rot. It matures about two weeks earlier than Hawkeye and is about 6 inches shorter. Chippewa 64 has a high average yield at the Northern Illinois Agronomy Research Center at DeKalb. Seeds are generally smaller than those of Hawkeye and Harosoy, and the hilum ( seed scar) is black. Pubescence (hair) is brown, flowers are purple, and pods are brown. Chippewa 64 has good standability and very good shattering resistance.

A-100 was developed by Freedolph and Hubert Anderson of St. Peter, Minnesota. It is an early variety, maturing 3 to 4 days ahead of Harosoy. It is a rather short variety in Illinois and stands well. It has an excellent yield record in northern Illinois trials. Seed supplies are available for 1966 planting.

Harosoy 63, released in 1963, is similar to Harosoy in ap­pearance but carries resistance to phytoph thora rot. Harosoy 63 performs like Harosoy when phytophthora is absent. When the disease is present, Harosoy 63 is superior. Harosoy 63 normally matures at the same time as Harosoy, but weather conditions can sometimes hasten its maturity, making it several days earlier.

Harosoy, a high-yielding variety, was released by the Har­row Experiment Station, Ontario, Canada, in 1951. It has an outstanding yield record in northern and central Illinois but ranks below Clark and Shelby in the southern and south-central areas. It generally matures three days earlier than Hawkeye and is less lodging~resistant and usually outyields both Hawk­eye and Lindarin. Harosoy sometimes tends to shatter when conditions are overly dry at harvest time. It has large seed with a light yellow, almost colorless hilum. The pubescence is gray, flowe rs are purple, and pods are brown.

Lindarin, released by Purdue University in 1959, is a selec­tion from the cross of Mandarin X Lincoln. It has about the same maturity as Harosoy, is shorter, and has better stand­ability. The variety has a good yield record and is well adapted

12 Circular No. 929

to northern and central Illinois. It pods slightly higher and ha more resistance to lodging and shattering than Harosoy. It has gray pubescence, brown pods, purple flowers, and yellow eed with a buff hilum.

Lindarin 63, released in 1963, is similar to Lindarin, but is resistant to phytophthora rot. Plant breeders added this resis­tance to Lindarin through a backcross program.

Amsoy is a new release from Iowa that shows excellent promise for central and north-central Illinois. It matures about two days later than Harosoy and a day or two earlier than Hawkeye. It stands as well as or better than Hawkeye and ap­preciably better than Harosoy. It has excellent yield records in northern and central Illinois, outyielding Harosoy and Hawk­eye in most tests. Certified seed growers will produce Amsoy eed in 1966, and seed supplies will be available for general

planting in 1967.

Hawkeye 63, released in 1963, is similar to Hawkeye in ap­pearance and performance but carries resistance to phytoph­thora rot. Plant breeders added phytoph thora resistance to Hawkeye through a backcross program. Whenever phytoph­thora rot is present, Hawkeye 63 will outyield Hawkeye.

Hawkeye, released in 1948, originated from the cross of 1\1[ ukden X Richland. It generally stands well and therefore combines nicely. It does well across the northern two-thirds of Illinois. The seed is large with a brownish-black hilum. Pubes­cence is gray, flowers are purple, and pods are brown. Hawk­eye generally yields several bushels less than Harosoy in trial results, but remains popular because of its standability.

Adams, a selection from the cross of Illini X Dunfield, was released in 1948. It is three days later than Hawkeye and will generally outyield it and sometimes Harosoy in central areas of the state. But in resistance to lodging it ranks below Hawkeye. Adams has a higher oil content than any other recommended variety. To avoid green stems at harvest, this variety should not be planted before May 15. The seed is rather small with a buff hilum. Pubescence is gray, flowers are white, and pods are tan.

Soybean Varieties 13

Shelby, released in 1959, i a selection from the cross Lin­coln X (Lincoln X Richland ) . Shelby has an outstanding per­formance record in· tests across the central Corn Belt. For a normal planting date, the variety appears ideally suited to outh-central Illinois. Clark has outyielded it in southern Illi­

nois trials, but matures about one to two weeks later.

Wayne. See the descriptions of new varieties on page 4.

Clark came from the cro s of Lincoln X (Lincoln X Rich­land ) and was first made available in 1953. It has had an excel­lent yield record in trials from Urbana southward. The plant i sometimes described as a big Lincoln, but it matures about six days later. It is 2 inches taller than Hawkeye and stands a w ell. It ha a medium-sized seed with a black seed scar. Pube -cence is brown, flowers are purple, and pods are brown.

Clark 63, released in 1963, is similar to Clark in appearance and performance, but is resistant to phytophthora rot and to bacterial pustule, a leafspot disease prevalent in central and southern Illinois. Plant breeders added resistance to both dis­eases through a backcross program. Clark 63 will outyield Clark whenever these diseases are present.

Kent was developed from the cross of Lincoln X Ogden. Kent is similar to Clark in plant height, lodging, and quality of seed. It rna tures an average of eight to ten days later than Clark and is superior to it in yield in southern Illinois. Kent i re istant to downy mildew and frog-eye leaf spot. It has purple flowers, brown pubescence, brown pods, and yellow seed with a black hilum.

Varieties Not Recommended at Present

Blackhawk is six days later than Chippewa and three day earlier than Harosoy. It was recommended for northern Illi­nois before Chippewa was released.

Ford was released in Iowa, Nebraska, and South Dakota in 1959. It is a selection from the same cross as Shelby and is similar to Shelby except that it is slightly earlier and has white flowers and shiny seeds. In the area of Illinois where Shelby i g rown, it usually outyields Ford.

14 Circular No. 929

Scott, released in 1958 by the University of Missouri, ma­tures one to three days later than Kent, grows 1 to 2 inches taller, and is slightly less resistant to lodging. The performance of Scott in southern Illinois is generally below that of Kent.

Hill, which is slightly earlier than Dorman, was released in 1959 as a substitute for it in eight southern states. In Illinois tests, Hill has outyielded Dorman, but not Clark or Kent.

Ogden, commonly grown in the southern United States, is about two weeks later than Dorman and four weeks later than Clark and is grown in the bottomlands of extreme southern Illi­nois. It has not been outstanding in the Illinois tests, and be­cause it matures so late it is not recommended for Illinois. Kent has had a far better yield record in tests in the same area.

Hood has the same maturity as Ogden and was released in 1958 by eight southern states as a yellow-seeded substitute for Ogden. In Illinois it grows rather slowly and has not yielded well in most tests.

Lee is a southern variety that has done well in yield tests. However, since it is usually later than Ogden, it would be en­dangered by frost even in the Cairo area. For this reason it is not adapted to Illinois.

New Varieties Under Test

Delmar was developed for Delaware and Maryland where root-knot nematodes are a problem. It ripens at about the same time as Kent or little later. It has not yielded as well as Kent in most tests although it does have somewhat better seed quality. Root-knot nematodes are known to occur in Illinois especially in southern Illinois and in lighter-textured soils, but have not been known to cause any soybean production problem in this state.

Bellatti L263 originated as a selection from Bavender Spe­cial. It is similar to Clark in maturity, standability, and appear­ance. A small number of beans with black coats is characteristic of this variety. Bellatti L263 was released in 1965 by Mr. Louis Bella tti, M t. Pulaski.

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Soybean Varieties

LOCATION OF 1965 SOYBEAN TESTS AND DEMONSTRATIONS

(In several counties, hail or heavy rains made accurate yield measurements impossible in 1965, and therefore yields are not given for these counties.)

COUNTY DEMONSTRATIONS

U.S. REGIONAL SOYBEAN LABORATORY TESTS

• DV rAU l KAN~ COOK

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0 U. OF I. EXPERIMENT FIELD TESTS

15

Soybean Varieties Recommended for Illinois

Uisted from earliest to latest in maturity)

CENTRAL Harosoy 63, Harosoy, Lindarin 63, Lindarin , Hawkeye 63, Hawkeye, Adams, Shelby, Wayne, Clark 63, Clark

NORTHERN Chippewa 64, A-1 00, Harosoy 63, Harosoy, Lindarin 63, Lindarin, Hawkeye 63, Hawkeye, Adams, Wayne

SOUTHERN Adams, Shelby, Wayne, Clark 63, Clark, Kent

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