Owl adaptations & Food Webs present
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Transcript of Owl adaptations & Food Webs present
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Evolutionary Adaptations of a Predator!
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What is the Basic Process of Evolution?The basic theory of evolution is surprisingly simple. It has three key parts:
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1. It is possible for the DNA of an organism to occasionally change, or mutate. A mutation changes the DNA of an organism in a way that affects its offspring, either immediately or several generations down the line.
2. The change brought about by a mutation is either beneficial, harmful or neutral. • If the change is harmful, then it is not likely the offspring will survive to reproduce, so
the mutation dies out. • If the change is beneficial, then it is likely that the offspring will do better than other
offspring and so will reproduce more. This is called an Adaptation.• Through reproduction, the beneficial mutation spreads. The process of culling bad
mutations and spreading good mutations is called natural selection.
3. As mutations occur & spread over long periods of time new species form. Over the course of many millions of years, the processes of mutation and natural selection have created every species of life we see in the world today, from the simplest bacteria to humans and everything in between.
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This owl eats small mammals, small to medium sized birds,
reptiles, larger insects, and
amphibians, lizards, frogs, earthworms,
and insects
What Evolutionary Adaptations make an owl a good predator?
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Evolutionary Adaption #1 : Keen Eyesight
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Evolutionary Adaption #1 : Extraordinary eyesight - binocular & night vision
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Evolutionary Adaption #2 : Twist head 270 degrees
http://www.ctvnews.ca/sci-tech/mystery-revealed-of-how-owls-can-spin-their-heads-1.1138959jschmied©2014
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Evolutionary Adaption #2 : Twist head 270 degrees
http://www.ctvnews.ca/sci-tech/mystery-revealed-of-how-owls-can-spin-their-heads-1.1138959jschmied©2014
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Evolutionary Adaption #3 : Protective Nictating Membrane
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Evolutionary Adaption #4 : Directional Hearing
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Evolutionary Adaption #4 : Hearing - is acute
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Evolutionary Adaption #5: Silent Flight
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Evolutionary Adaption #5 : Silent Flight
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http://eyes4earth.org/eagle-owl-in-action/
Evolutionary Adaption #6 : Grasping Talons
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http://www.richmondaudubon.org/PhotosSawwhet1.html
Evolutionary Adaption #6 : Grasping Talons
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Evolutionary Adaption #7 : Hooked Beak
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Evolutionary Adaption #8 : Large, Strechy Mouth & Esophagus
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All owls are fierce Predators
http://www.environmentalgraffiti.com/news-pictures-owls-their-prey?image=5jschmied©2014
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Hunting for Prey – Barn Owl
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http://www.owlpages.com/articles.php?section=owl+physiology&title=Food
Wide Variety of Prey: A Vole.
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Wide Variety of Prey: A Shrew.
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Wide Variety of Prey: A Lemming.
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Silent Approach!!
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Taking prey to a
safe perch
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Preps food to eat!
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Head first!
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http://www.arkive.org/barn-owl/tyto-alba/video-08.html
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After Digestion – bones & fur come up as a pellet!
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http://www.arkive.org/barn-owl/tyto-alba/video-08.html
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Many other birds use the same process:
http://www.pbase.com/jitams/image/119497647
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_e90BZyiQ-Ro/S5Ss94PTmYI/AAAAAAAAClA/d_-W22BNC2I/s400/Laysan+Albatross+%26+chick+sm.jpg
Belted Kingfisher
Laysan Albatross
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Prey Selection Varies by owl & availability Northern Saw Whet Owl
http://www.ecologyedu.com/ecology_education_resources/owls_of_new_jersey/northern_saw_whet_owl_fact_sheet.html
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Prey Selection Varies by owl & availability Great Horned Owl
http://www.ecologyedu.com/ecology_education_resources/owls_of_new_jersey/great_horned_owl_fact_sheet.html
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Food Webs – The rest of the storyFood webs are often simplified A predator’s prey varies with the time of the year, weather, & available food .
Compare this food web to the data below:
Great Horned Owl’s really eat:• Over 253 species of prey: Spiders, insects,
crayfish, fish, frogs, salamanders, snakes, turtles, ducks, herons, pheasants, geese, rabbits, rats, mice, voles, skunks, opossum, muskrats & woodchucks.
• Great Horned Owls mostly feed on: Rabbits, hares, squirrels, rats and muskrats.
• Great Horned Owls prey on other owls Barred Owls, Barn Owls, Screech Owls, Saw-whet Owls, but not Snowy Owls.http://www.ecologyedu.com/ecology_education_resources/owls_of_new_jersey/great_horned_owl_fact_sheet.html
http://mrsmaine.wikispaces.com/Southeast+1
2. I can show & analyze flows of matter & energy in an ecosystem using an
energy pyramid, food web or matter cycler. jschmied©2014
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Act 78 – Coughing up CluesStep One: Dissect pelletStep Two:Organize bones for glue downsStep Three: Glue Down One Skeleton
on Index Card (draw missing parts)Step Four: Glue Down rest on Bone ChartStep Five: Clean UpStep Six: Get Instructor’s Check Off (both)Step Seven: Finish all Lab Questionsjschmied©2014
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Act 78 – Coughing up Clues Step One - Dissect
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Act 78 – Coughing up Clues Step Two - Organize
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Act 78 – Coughing up Clues Step Three – Glue Down/ Skeleton on Index Card,
Draw missing parts
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Act 78 – Coughing up Clues Step Four : Glue Down the
rest
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Act 78 – Coughing up CluesStep One: Dissect pelletStep Two:Organize bones for glue downsStep Three: Glue Down One Skeleton
on Index Card (draw missing parts)Step Four: Glue Down rest on Bone ChartStep Five: Clean UpStep Six: Get Instructor’s Check Off (both)Step Seven: Finish all Lab Questionsjschmied©2014
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A Snowy Owl - Silent and Deadly
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