OVERWATER FLIGHT Ditching And Water Survival A GHAFI & FAA “Wings” Seminar.

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OVERWATER FLIGHT OVERWATER FLIGHT Ditching And Water Ditching And Water Survival Survival A GHAFI & FAA “Wings” A GHAFI & FAA “Wings” Seminar Seminar

Transcript of OVERWATER FLIGHT Ditching And Water Survival A GHAFI & FAA “Wings” Seminar.

OVERWATER FLIGHTOVERWATER FLIGHTDitching And Water SurvivalDitching And Water Survival

A GHAFI & FAA “Wings” A GHAFI & FAA “Wings” SeminarSeminar

David C. “Hoss” RobertsonDavid C. “Hoss” Robertson FAA Aviation Safety CounselorFAA Aviation Safety Counselor B.S. Aeronautical Science - Embry- B.S. Aeronautical Science - Embry-

Riddle Aeronautical UniversityRiddle Aeronautical University CFI since 1986CFI since 1986 Search & Rescue/Recovery Pilot Search & Rescue/Recovery Pilot

since 1987since 1987 Air Station Houston since 1997Air Station Houston since 1997

““FLIGHT PLAN”FLIGHT PLAN”

Threat of DitchingThreat of Ditching Before You GoBefore You Go Survival Survival

EquipmentEquipment Offshore Offshore

OperationsOperations Ditching Ditching

ProceduresProcedures

Splashdown & Splashdown & EgressEgress

Survival in The Survival in The WaterWater

RescueRescue Helicopter Pick-UpHelicopter Pick-Up

Threat of DitchingThreat of Ditching

WeatherWeather Fuel ExhaustionFuel Exhaustion Physical ImpairmentPhysical Impairment Mechanical FailureMechanical Failure

WeatherWeather

Get Through Preflight BriefingGet Through Preflight Briefing Get Inflight UpdatesGet Inflight Updates Watch Changing Weather PatternsWatch Changing Weather Patterns

Fuel ExhaustionFuel Exhaustion

Fill Tanks to Weight LimitFill Tanks to Weight Limit Monitor Fuel UsageMonitor Fuel Usage Do NOT Fly Into Fuel ReserveDo NOT Fly Into Fuel Reserve

– FAR 91.151FAR 91.151 VFR/Day = intended landing plus 30 minutesVFR/Day = intended landing plus 30 minutes VFR/Night = “ “ “ 45 minutesVFR/Night = “ “ “ 45 minutes

– FAR 91.167 For IFR RequirementsFAR 91.167 For IFR Requirements

Physical ImpairmentPhysical Impairment Do NOT Fly Unless HealthyDo NOT Fly Unless Healthy

– AIM “AIM “IM-SAFEIM-SAFE” Checklist” Checklist Abort Flight If Feeling IllAbort Flight If Feeling Ill Train passengers to “Pinch Hit”Train passengers to “Pinch Hit”

AIM “AIM “IM-SAFEIM-SAFE” Checklist” Checklist

IIllnessllness MMedicationedication

SStresstress AAlcohollcohol FFatigueatigue EEmotionmotion

Mechanical FailureMechanical Failure

Fly a Well Maintained AircraftFly a Well Maintained Aircraft Conduct a Thorough Pre-flight Conduct a Thorough Pre-flight

Inspection & Inspection & Use a ChecklistUse a Checklist Abort Flight at The Abort Flight at The FIRSTFIRST Sign of Sign of

TroubleTrouble

Before You GoBefore You Go

Dress For The FlightDress For The Flight Inspect Survival EquipmentInspect Survival Equipment Passenger BriefingPassenger Briefing File a Flight Plan!!File a Flight Plan!!

Dress For The FlightDress For The Flight

Based On Weather EnrouteBased On Weather Enroute Keep Critical Items On Your PersonKeep Critical Items On Your Person Preferred ClothingPreferred Clothing

– NomexNomex– WoolWool– CottonCotton

Do Do NOTNOT Wear Polyester Wear Polyester

Inspect Survival Inspect Survival EquipmentEquipment

Inventory Items - Location of Inventory Items - Location of EquipmentEquipment

Check Battery Life - Radios/LightsCheck Battery Life - Radios/Lights Expiration Dates on FlaresExpiration Dates on Flares Condition of Flotation Gear - Condition of Flotation Gear -

PFDs/RaftsPFDs/Rafts

Survival EquipmentSurvival Equipment

PFDs, 1 Per SeatPFDs, 1 Per Seat Dye MarkerDye Marker Signal MirrorSignal Mirror WhistleWhistle KnifeKnife ““Space” BlanketSpace” Blanket

FlaresFlares Strobe LightStrobe Light Smoke DeviceSmoke Device EPIRB/ELTEPIRB/ELT 2-Way Radio2-Way Radio RaftRaft

Passenger BriefingPassenger Briefing

Operation Of Aircraft Exits & Seat BeltsOperation Of Aircraft Exits & Seat Belts Location of Survival EquipmentLocation of Survival Equipment Use of Personal Flotation Devices (PFDs)Use of Personal Flotation Devices (PFDs) Emergency Alerting SignalsEmergency Alerting Signals Required Actions In Case of DitchingRequired Actions In Case of Ditching Emergency Egress ProceduresEmergency Egress Procedures After Egress PlanAfter Egress Plan

Flight PlanningFlight Planning

File an FAA Flight PlanFile an FAA Flight Plan File a “Family” Flight PlanFile a “Family” Flight Plan

– Notify Two Family Members/FriendsNotify Two Family Members/Friends– Instruct Them On Overdue ProceduresInstruct Them On Overdue Procedures– Brief Them On Special Brief Them On Special

Equipment/SituationsEquipment/Situations Update “Both” Flight Plans As Update “Both” Flight Plans As

NecessaryNecessary Close “Both” Flight PlansClose “Both” Flight Plans

Offshore OperationsOffshore Operations ““Flight Beyond Gliding Distance From Shore”Flight Beyond Gliding Distance From Shore” 1,000 ft to Surface = 1 Minute Average1,000 ft to Surface = 1 Minute Average Single Engine = Within 25 Miles Of ShoreSingle Engine = Within 25 Miles Of Shore Multi-Engine = Up To 50 Miles Of ShoreMulti-Engine = Up To 50 Miles Of Shore PFDs For All & Raft With Room For AllPFDs For All & Raft With Room For All At Least 1 Portable EPIRB/ELT or RadioAt Least 1 Portable EPIRB/ELT or Radio

Ditching ProceduresDitching Procedures

Have a Ditching PlanHave a Ditching Plan Recognize The Emergency EARLYRecognize The Emergency EARLY Use a Ditching ChecklistUse a Ditching Checklist PRACTICE Ditching ProceduresPRACTICE Ditching Procedures

– On the ground (1 minute drill)On the ground (1 minute drill)– At altitude (1,000 foot drill)At altitude (1,000 foot drill)

Ditching ChecklistDitching Checklist

Best Angle Of GlideBest Angle Of Glide Turn INTO WindTurn INTO Wind Attempt RestartAttempt Restart Transponder 7700Transponder 7700 Transmit MAYDAYTransmit MAYDAY ELT OnELT On Ignition & Master Ignition & Master

OFFOFF

Seat Belts TIGHTSeat Belts TIGHT Doors UNLOCKED & Doors UNLOCKED &

AJARAJAR Secure Loose Items Secure Loose Items

-or--or- Jettison Loose ItemsJettison Loose Items Touchdown NOSE Touchdown NOSE

HIGH & Minimum HIGH & Minimum AirspeedAirspeed

Touchdown on Touchdown on Crest/Backside Of SwellsCrest/Backside Of Swells

Wind < 15 KTSWind < 15 KTS– Touchdown Parallel With SwellsTouchdown Parallel With Swells

Wind > 15, < 30 KTSWind > 15, < 30 KTS– Touchdown 1/2 Way Between Swells Touchdown 1/2 Way Between Swells

& Wind& Wind Wind > 30 KTSWind > 30 KTS

– Touchdown Into The WindTouchdown Into The Wind

Splashdown And EgressSplashdown And Egress

ShockShock– PhysiologicalPhysiological– PsychologicalPsychological

InjuriesInjuries– TypesTypes– PreventionPrevention

EgressEgress– Seven Step MethodSeven Step Method

7 Steps to Underwater 7 Steps to Underwater EgressEgress

1.1. Establish good reference point Establish good reference point 2.2. Remove everything, except seat belt Remove everything, except seat belt 3.3. Open Exits, doors, windows Open Exits, doors, windows 4.4. Reestablish reference point Reestablish reference point 5.5. Take deep breaths often as possible Take deep breaths often as possible 6.6. Stop everything, count 5-8 seconds Stop everything, count 5-8 seconds 7.7. Hand-over-hand egress method! Hand-over-hand egress method!

Survival In The WaterSurvival In The Water

FlotationFlotation First AidFirst Aid HypothermiaHypothermia Predator FishPredator Fish

SignalingSignaling– EPIRB/ELTEPIRB/ELT– MirrorMirror– StrobeStrobe– FlaresFlares– Dye MarkerDye Marker

HypothermiaHypothermia Body Core TemperatureBody Core Temperature Body Heat LossBody Heat Loss Heat Loss PreventionHeat Loss Prevention

– ““HELP”HELP” Method Method HHeat eat EEscape scape LLessening essening PPostureosture

– Huddle MethodHuddle Method

Survival SwimmingSurvival Swimming

Familiarity With Water Familiarity With Water EnvironmentEnvironment

Treading Water Treading Water DrownproofingDrownproofing

Familiarity With WaterFamiliarity With Water

Learn to SwimLearn to Swim Learn to Relax In The WaterLearn to Relax In The Water PRACTICEPRACTICE

Treading WaterTreading Water

Lean Slightly Forward, Keep Most Lean Slightly Forward, Keep Most of The Body Immersedof The Body Immersed

Use a Modified “Frog” KickUse a Modified “Frog” Kick Scull With Hands PlanedScull With Hands Planed

DrownproofingDrownproofing

Conserves Energy & Helps Stay Conserves Energy & Helps Stay AfloatAfloat

Place Most of The Body UnderwaterPlace Most of The Body Underwater Bend Slightly At Waist, Chin on Bend Slightly At Waist, Chin on

Chest, Arms on SurfaceChest, Arms on Surface Lift Head to Exhale, Inhale, And Lift Head to Exhale, Inhale, And

Return To Rest PositionReturn To Rest Position AVOIDAVOID in in HypothermiaHypothermia Conditions Conditions

RescueRescue

Stay Calm, DON’T PanicStay Calm, DON’T Panic Get In Raft, Stay Get In Raft, Stay TOGETHERTOGETHER Average Military Rescue Time = 4 Average Military Rescue Time = 4

HoursHours Once In Raft Fire Once In Raft Fire ONEONE Flare, Save Flare, Save

OthersOthers Most Victims Die Most Victims Die JUSTJUST as Rescuers as Rescuers

Arrive - Arrive - DON’T GIVE UPDON’T GIVE UP!!!!

Helicopter Pick-UpHelicopter Pick-Up

Once Visually SightedOnce Visually Sighted, Use Flare, , Use Flare, Smoke Or MirrorSmoke Or Mirror

Prepare For Strong Rotor Prepare For Strong Rotor DowndraftsDowndrafts

Do Do EXACTLYEXACTLY What The Rescue- What The Rescue-Swimmer Says!Swimmer Says!

Do Do NOTNOT Try To “Assist” The Rescue- Try To “Assist” The Rescue-SwimmerSwimmer

Thank You Very MuchThank You Very Much

““A safe flight, is no accident!”A safe flight, is no accident!”

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