Overview of the NIH
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Transcript of Overview of the NIH
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Ralph Nitkin, Ph.D. - [email protected]
National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (NCMRR)
Eunice K. Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human
Development (NICHD)
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
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The NIH is made up of 28 Institutes, The NIH is made up of 28 Institutes, Centers, Divisions:Centers, Divisions:
OD NIDA NCI NIEHS NEI NIGMS NHLBI NIMH NHGRI NINDS NIA NINR
NIAAA NLM NIAID CIT NIAMS CSR NIBIB FIC NICHD NCCAM NIDCD NCMHD NIDCR NCRR NIDDK CC
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Majority of funds go to investigator-initiated proposals - rather than responding to program initiativesFunding in any given area is largely driven by number of quality applications that NIH receives in that areaNIH accepts proposals in three annual cycles,
typically: early February, June, and OctoberElectronic submissions – leave time to deal with it!!!From submission to funding: 9 months - probably more for revisionsSupport provided to institutions in name of investigator
Applying to the NIHApplying to the NIH
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Research Project Award: R01Research Project Award: R01Investigator-initiated applications
(majority of basic & clinical NIH funding)
Focus on specific set of aims Budget: no boundaries but typically
$200-300,000 per year (direct costs)May request up to 5 years; If funded, and productive, can later
apply for “competitive renewal” for another years
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Small Grants: R03 and R21Small Grants: R03 and R21R03: Pilot studies; feasibility studies $50,000 (direct costs) per year for two years
R21: innovative research; high-risk; pushing the envelop; new methodology or technology;
$275,000 (direct costs) spread over two years
Not renewable; may not be used to supplement already-funded projects
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AREA (Academic Research AREA (Academic Research Enhancement Award): R15Enhancement Award): R15
Schools that have not been major recipients of NIH funding (< $3 million/yr)
Especially projects that engage undergraduate students
Up to 3 years, aggregate budgets up to $100,000 direct costs, Renewable
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/area.htm
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Small Business Tech Transfer (STTR, R41/42) Small Business Tech Transfer (STTR, R41/42) Small Business Innovation Res (SBIR, R43/R44) Small Business Innovation Res (SBIR, R43/R44)
Innovative research, potential for commercialization
STTR (partnership: small business + academic):Phase I: $100,000 (1 year)Phase II: $500,000 (2 years)
SBIR (primarily at small business):Phase I: $100,000 (6 months)Phase II: $750,000 (2 years)
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/Funding/sbir.htm
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Midcareer Investigator Award in Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research (K24)Patient-Oriented Research (K24)
Mid-career (i.e., associate professor-level) clinical investigator
Has grant-funding base
Time and resources to become a better mentor for junior clinical investigators
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-09-037.html
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Supplements to already-funded Supplements to already-funded NIH research grantsNIH research grants
To add qualified individuals at any career level (high school through beginning investigator) who:are from under-represented minoritiescome from disadvantaged backgroundshave disabilitiesre-entering research after family obligations
Contact NIH program director of funded grant
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PA-08-190.html
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Special Research InitiativesSpecial Research Initiatives
Program Announcements (PA)Highlights Institute(s) interest in specific area, but no funds set aside
Request for Applications (RFA)One-time limited set aside for applications in specific area
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New and Early-Stage InvestigatorsNew and Early-Stage InvestigatorsNIH encouraging support for new investigators “New investigator” status highlighted in the
peer-review processExtended paylines Shortened review cycleSee NIH websites for specific policy
New Investigator = never been PI on an R01 grantEarly Career = New and within 10yrs of terminal
research degree
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Special Kinds of Grants for EngineersSpecial Kinds of Grants for EngineersBRG - Bioengineering Research Grant Can be used for device development-may not
need scientific hypotheses
BRP -Bioengineering Research ProgramAn industrial, multi-project collaborative
program
NIH Bioengineering consortium:http://publicaccess.nih.gov/becon_redirect.htm
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NIH Blueprint for NeuroscienceNIH Blueprint for NeuroscienceCooperative effort among the 16 NIH
Institutes and Centers that support neuroscience research
Basic and clinical neuroscientistsDevelopment of new tools; training
opportunities, Neuroscience research initiatives Resources (e.g., animal models, clinical tools,
imaging, neuroinformatics, core facilities, cell/tissue/DNA banks; and gene and protein expression)
http://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov/
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How an Application becomes a Grant How an Application becomes a Grant – or at least tries– or at least tries
25,000 applications arrive at NIH Central:“Receipt and Referral”Which Institute(s) support this area of research – should it get a top score?
Which study section has the most appropriate expertise?
You can attach a cover letter to suggest appropriate Institute(s) and/or study section assignments
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Although R01 applications are generally reviewed in the centralized “Center for Scientific Review” (CSR), study sections within Institutes generally review:
RFAs and other one-time solicitationsTraining & career-development
applicationsR03s & other specialized support
mechanisms
Institute study sections function similar to the peer-review panels of CSR
Also Institute Peer-reviewAlso Institute Peer-review
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Study section has about two dozen reviewers, plus ad hoc expertise as needed
Scientific Review Officer (SRO):Checks applications for
administrative issuesMakes reviewer assignmentsAvoids conflicts of interest
(positive/negative)
Typical workload for a study section: 50-80 applications per round
Application gets assigned to a Application gets assigned to a Study SectionStudy Section
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Each application assigned to three reviewers:Sometimes, additional outside opinions
soughtPrior to the meeting, assigned reviewers prepare detailed written critiques focusing on strengths and weaknesses for each of the five NIH review criterion:
Significance, Investigator(s), Innovation, Approach, and Environment Note: review criteria re-oriented to shift emphasis from methodological details to potential scientific impact
Assigned reviewers score applications on each of the five review criteria, using new NIH scale 1-9 (whole numbers only). Old NIH scale was 1-5
Prior to the Review MeetingPrior to the Review Meeting
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NIH Review CriteriaNIH Review CriteriaIndividual criterion scores in each domains:Significance: important problem? Effect on the field?Investigator: Appropriately trained? Appropriate
experience? Innovation: Potential to shift thinking? Novel concepts,
approaches or methods? Aims original and innovative? Refinement, improvement or new application of approaches?
Approach: Conceptual framework, design, methods, and analyses? Discussed potential problems and alternative strategies? Benchmarks for success?
Environment: Adequate scientific environment(s)? Adequate institutional support? Unique features, subject populations?
Also: Protection of human subjects; Inclusion of women, minorities, and children; vertebrate animal research;
Renewal or revision?
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Applications are reviewed in rank order through the upper half; remaining applications are not discussed*
*Do not receive a formal impact/priority score, but get benefit of full written critiques and the five criterion scores
Also, applications from new investigators clustered together
Discussion of applications (~15-20’ each): 3 assigned reviewers highlight strengths and weaknesses Rest of committee joins in discussionEach member votes overall impact: 1 (exceptional) – 9 (poor)Impact scores averaged and multiplied by 10 (thus 10 - 90)
To normalize scoring across study sections, impact/priority scores translated to percentile ranking
At the Review MeetingAt the Review Meeting
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Applications get a second level of review from Institute Councils, but are rarely discussed individually
Each NIH Institute has limited amount of funds to support investigator-initiated research applications: Generally fund by percentile ranking, occasionally making minor adjustments right around funding line
Outcomes: Award notice !!!! Revise ?!? Back to the drawing board
Talk to your Program official!
Now only one amended application will be allowed
Meanwhile, back at the Institutes . . .Meanwhile, back at the Institutes . . .
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Useful NIH WebsitesUseful NIH WebsitesNIH Home page: www.nih.gov
CRISP (searchable database of all NIH-funded grants): www.commons.cit.nih.gov/crisp/[search by topic or by institution/locale]
Center for Scientific review (study section descriptions and rosters): www.csr.nih.gov
BECON (NIH Bioengineering Consortium):www.becon.nih.gov/becon.htm
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You are encouraged to contact NIH staff
• Locate possible “program officials” through Institute websites
• As an introduction, email your abstract and “specific aims” pages
• Discuss potential grant mechanisms, funding initiatives, study section assignments
• Later, program official can help interpret your summary statement
• But funding decisions are largely driven by the priority score you get from study section
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Program OfficialProgram OfficialPrimary point of contact prior to submission
and again after summary statement is released
As introduction, email “specific aims” page
Discuss potential grant mechanisms, funding initiatives, and study section assignments
Later, can help interpret summary statement
But funding decisions are largely driven by the priority score you get from peer review
If funded, Program staff administers the grant (e.g., progress reports, subsequent adjustments)
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Scientific Review OfficerScientific Review OfficerAssociated with a particular study section –
(usually located in the Center for Scientific Review)
But also SROs within NIH Institutes, to review training, career development, pilot grants, and most RFAs
SRO is the primary point of contact once the application has been submitted to the NIH and up to the release of the summary statement
SRO oversees the review process: recruits and assigns reviewers; checks for completeness of application, necessary certifications, conflicts of interest
Monitors the actual review meeting and later prepares the summary statement