Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international...

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Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA UN Expert Group Meeting on Sustainable Cities, Human Mobility and International Migration New York, 7-8 September 2017

Transcript of Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international...

Page 1: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49

Overview of global trends

in international migration and urbanization

Sabine Henning

Population Division, DESA

UN Expert Group Meeting on

Sustainable Cities, Human Mobility and International Migration

New York, 7-8 September 2017

Page 2: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49

International Migration

Page 3: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49

5

7

15

40

49

56

172

8

9

21

54

75

76

244

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Oceania

Latin America and the Caribbean

Africa

Northern America

Asia

Europe

World

Number of international migrants by region of destination, 2000 and 2015

2015

2000

Nearly 2/3 of all international migrantslive in Europe and Asia

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Page 4: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49

Percentage female among all international migrants, 2015

Women comprise slightly less than half of all international migrants.

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Page 5: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49

38

45

41

38

40

35

27

39

44

43

42

36

35

29

0 10 20 30 40 50

World

Oceania

Europe

Northern America

Latin America and the Caribbean

Asia

Africa

Median age among international migrants and by region of destination, 2000 and 2015

2015

2000

Median age of international migrantsWorldwide was 39 years,compared to 29.6 yearsfor the total population age (years)

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Page 6: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49

1

3

23

26

52

68

2

4

34

37

62

104

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Oceania

Northern America

Africa

Latin America and the Caribbean

Europe

Asia

Number of international migrants by region of origin, 2000 and 2015

2015

2000

Almost half of allinternational migrantsworldwide were born in Asia

Number of migrants (millions)

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Page 7: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49

Number of international migrants by region of origin, 2000 and 2015

In many parts of the World, migrationoccurs primarilywithin major areas

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Page 8: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49

Components of population change -Africa and Europe compared

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1950-1960

1960-1970

1970-1980

1980-1990

1990-2000

2000-2010

2010-2020

2020-2030

2030-2040

2040-2050

mil

lio

ns

Europe

-30

20

70

120

170

220

270

320

370

420

1950-1960

1960-1970

1970-1980

1980-1990

1990-2000

2000-2010

2010-2020

2020-2030

2030-2040

2040-2050

mil

lio

ns

Total net population change Net international migration

Natural change

Africa

Net international migration is slowing population decline in Europe – in Africa, it has hardly any effect

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Page 9: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49

URBANIZATION

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0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

19

50

19

55

19

60

19

65

19

70

19

75

19

80

19

85

19

90

19

95

20

00

20

05

20

10

20

15

20

20

20

25

20

30

20

35

20

40

20

45

20

50

Pop

ula

tio

n (

bill

ion

s)Urban and rural population of the world,

1950-2050

Urban

Rural

A majority of the world’s population lives in urban areas

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

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2015:40.4

47.8

73.679.8 81.6

70.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Africa Asia Europe Latin America andthe Caribbean

Northern America Oceania

Pro

po

rtio

n u

rban

of

tota

l po

pu

lati

on

(p

er c

ent)

Urban and rural population as proportion of total population, 1950-2050

Urbanization has occurred in all regions, but Africa and Asiaremain mostly rural

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

1950-2050

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0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Pop

ula

tio

n (

bill

ion

s)

Rural Fewer than 500 000 500 000 to 1 million 1 to 5 million 5 to 10 million 10 million or more

Close to half of the world’s urban population lives in settlements with fewer than 500,000 inhabitants

500,000-

1 mill.

< 500,000

rural

> 10 mill.

1 – 5 mill.

5 – 10 mill.

World’s population by size class of settlement, 1990-2030

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

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0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

1990 2016 2030

Pop

ula

tio

n (

mill

ion

s)Global urban population by size class of

settlement, 1990-2030

<500,000 500,000-1 mill. 1-5 mill. 5-10 mill. >10 mill.

239 cities21 cities

10 cities

294 cities

558 cities

436 cities

31 cities

41 cities

731 cities551 cities

45 cities

63 cities

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

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Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

Note: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Percentage urban and location of urban agglomerations with at least 5000,000 inhabitants, 2014

Page 15: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49

Growth rates of the world’s cities, 2000-2016

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

Most of the world’s Fastest growing citiesare located in Asiaand Africa

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87

72

48

72

100

80

3946

70

14

34

07

0

20

40

60

80

100

World Africa Asia Europe Latin Americaand the

Caribbean

NorthernAmerica

Oceania

Governments with policies or strategies in the past five years to encourage population redistribution, 2015

Reduce rural to urban migration

Decentralize large urban centres to smaller urban, suburban or rural areas

The majority ofcountries have policiesin place to reduce rural to urban migration

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2016): World Population Policies Database: The 2015 Revision

Page 17: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49

Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision; Gu and others (2015). Risk of exposure and vulnerability to natural disasters at the city level: a global overview. Technical Paper No. 2015/2, Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations.

Note: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Cities’ risk of exposure to natural disasters, 2014

Many cities are vulnerable to atleast one type ofnatural disaster

Page 18: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49
Page 19: Overview of global trends in international migration …Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA 5 7 15 40 49

Thank you!

www.unpopulation.org