Overview of Gas and Oil Resources in West Virginia of Gas and Oil Resources in West Virginia ... Oil...
Transcript of Overview of Gas and Oil Resources in West Virginia of Gas and Oil Resources in West Virginia ... Oil...
Overview of Gas and Oil Resources in West Virginia
Katharine Lee AvaryWest Virginia Geological & Economic Survey
www.wvgs.wvnet.edu
Renewed Interest in Drilling and Production Activity
WV: Where It All Began
Then 1858
Now
2008
West Virginia’s location is ideal for northeast markets
Source: Energy Information Administration
WV’s gas and oil fields primarily in the western part of the State
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Source: WVGES database
Location of well 19,000 feet or deeper
Wells 19,000 feet or deeper;
n=3
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$ Source: WVGES database
Location of well 10,000 feet or deeper
Wells 10,000 feet or deeper;
n=43
Coalbed methane
Marcellus Shale
Trenton-Black River
Different age rocks of recent interest to oil and gas producers
Recent Trenton wells have been drilled in 10 counties
Completed wellPermitted well
KanawhaClay
Webster
Braxton
Putnam
Wayne Lincoln
Jackson
Roane
Ca
lho
un
Wood
WV Trenton Gas Production
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Year
Mcf
(ann
ual)
0
2,000,000
4,000,000
6,000,000
8,000,000
10,000,000
12,000,000
Mcf
(cum
ulat
ive)
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Randolph
Hardy
Kanawha
GreenbrierFayette
Grant
Preston
Raleigh
Pocahontas
Boone
Clay
Nicholas
Wayne
Roane
LoganMingo
Pendleton
Lewis
Braxton
Webster
Ritchie
Mason
Wood
Monroe
Lincoln
Tucker
Mercer
Hampshire
Wirt
Jackson
McDowell
Wyoming
Wetzel
Tyler
Gilmer
Harrison
Upshur
Cabell
Marion
Putnam
Mineral
Barbour
Summers
Berkeley
Marshall
MonongaliaMorgan
Taylor
Ohio
Calhoun
Doddridge
JeffersonPleasants
Brooke
HancockWV Counties with Recent CBM wells reported; total 690 wells
Completed CBM well
09/2006
West Virginia CBM Gas Production
0
5
10
15
20
25
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
Ann
ual p
rodu
ctio
n, B
cf o
f Gas
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Cum
ulat
ive
gas
prod
uctio
n, B
cf
Cumulative production
Annual and Cumulative CBM production for WV; total 103 Bcf of gas; 2007 production >22 Bcf.
The Marcellus Shale Play
• What is it? • Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary
rock. • The Marcellus is a particular rock unit
which is Devonian in age.
A Play• A play is defined as a group of geologically
similar drilling prospects having similar source, reservoir and trap controls of gas migration, accumulation, and storage.
• Patchen, D.G., 1996, Introduction to the Atlas of Major Appalachian Gas Plays, WV Geological and Economic Survey, Volume V-25, p. 1.
Modified from White, 1980; 1988.
White, D.A., 1980, Assessing oil and gas plays in facies-cycle wedges: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 64, p. 1158-1178.
--- 1988, Oil and gas play maps in exploration and assessment: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 72, p. 944-949.
Marcellus Shale
From Milici, USGS Open File Report 2005-1268
Historic Devonian Shale Gas Fields
LegendBlack/Gray Shale Fields
Black Shale Fields
0 30 60 90 12015Miles
Historic Devonian Shale Gas Fields and newMarcellus wells permitted in 2006 and 2007
LegendBlack/Gray Shale Fields
Black Shale Fields
2007 new Marcellus wells
2006 new Marcellus wells
0 30 60 90 12015Miles
Huntersville/Oriskany Gas Fields
LegendHuntersville/Oriskany
Oriskany Combination
Oriskany Pinchout
Oriskany Structure0 30 60 90 12015Miles
Legend
Trenton Gas Fields
Trenton-Black River play spurred additional deep drilling in last 15 years in limited areas.
Hydrothermal Dolomite (HTD)
Frac
ture
d Lim
esto
ne (F
LS)
¹ 0 40 80 120 16020Miles
OH
PA
NY
WV
West Virginia Nomenclature
Hampshire Formation
Greenland Gap Group (“Chemung” Formation)
Berea SandstoneBedford Shale
Cleveland MemberUpper Huron Member
Lower Huron MemberDunkirk Shale MemberO
hio
Sha
le
Java Fm.
Angola Shale MemberRhinestreet Shale Member
Pipe Creek Shale Member
Cashaqua Shale Member
Brallier ShaleWest Falls Formation
Tully (?) Limestone
Sonyea Formation Middlesex Shale Member
West River Shale Mbr.Burket Shale
Geneseo Shale Member
Marcellus Shale
Onondaga Limestone
Oriskany Sandstone
Helderberg Limestone
Huntersville Chert“Corniferous”
Tioga ash bed
Mahantango Formation
TIM
E
W E
0
50
100
150200
0 50 100 150 20025Miles
$
LegendMarcellus thickness
Marcellus extent
Millboro extent
Lower Huron extent
Rhinestreet extent
Extent of Marcellus, Rhinestreet, and Lower Huron
Locations of cross sections from USGS Bulletin 1909
0 50 100 150 20025Miles
$Legend
Well location
Cross Section Chemung County, NY to Potter County, PA
Tioga
Potter
Steuben
Bradford
ElkLycoming
AlleganyTioga
Clinton
McKean
Broome
Luzerne
Sullivan
Tompkins
Cattaraugus
Cameron
Wyoming
Chemung
Yates
Schuyler
Cortland
Susquehanna
WyomingLivingston
Erie
Chenango
Columbia
Seneca
Clearfield
Ontario
Cayuga
e
83
8281
8079
78
77
76
75
74
NY
PA
NESWCrosby Sandstone
Renwick Shale Member
Geneseo Shale Member
Tully Limestone Member
West River Shale Member
Marcellus
Cherry Valley Limestone MemberOnondaga :Limestone
Purcell Limestone Member
Stafford Limestone Member
Menteth Limestone Member
Tichenor Limestone Member
Portland Point Limestone MemberMoscow Shale
LudlowvilleShale
Skaneateles Shale
74
Potter Co., PA
75
Tioga Co., PA
76
Chemung Co., NY
77
Chemung Co., NY
Centerfield Limestone Member
100 ft.
BedfordSomerset
Fayette
Randolph
Hardy
GarrettPreston
Grant
Greene
Roane
Washington
Fulton
Lewis
Braxton
Belmont
Noble
Westmoreland
Ritchie
Tucker
Pendleton
Blair
Hampshire
Monroe
Wirt
Tyler
Wetzel
Gilmer
Wood
Harrison
Allegany
Harrison
Upshur
Marion
Allegheny
Guernsey
Mineral
Barbour
Cambria
Shenandoah
Marshall
Rockingham
Washington
Jefferson
Calhoun
Doddridge
MonongaliaMorgan
TuscarawasHuntingdon
Webster
Taylor
Ohio
Clay
IndianaCarroll
Pleasants
Brooke
Jackson
Pocahontas
Kanawha
Highland
Hancock
Nicholas
95
94
93
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
44
43
42
41
4039
101
100
Cross Section Somerset County, PA to Gilmer County, WV
PAWV MD
OH
SW NE
RhinestreetShale Member
Middlesex S
hale Member
Cashaqua Shale Member
Wes
t Rive
r Sha
le Mem
ber
Hamilton Group, undivided
Moscow & Ludlowville Shale undivided
Mosco
w Sha
le
?
LudlowvilleShale
Skaneateles Shale
Marcellus Shale
Renwick
and G
enes
eo
Shale
membe
rs
62
Gilmer Co., WV63
Lewis Co., WV
64
Marion Co., WV
65
Preston Co., WV66
Somerset Co., PA
Huntersville Chert
Sonyea Formation
Genesee Formation Menteth Ls. Mbr.
Tichenor Ls. Mbr.
Centerfield Ls. Mbr.
Stafford Ls. Mbr.
Purcell Ls. Mbr.
100 ft.
Tully Limestone
Cherry Valley Ls. Mbr.
Where is the Marcellus present in WV?
• It is present below the surface, at varying depths throughout much, but not all of WV.
• It is not present in extreme eastern or western WV.
• It crops out at the surface in parts of the Valley and Ridge province in eastern WV.
• It varies in thickness across WV.
Elevation of top of Onondaga Limestone, in feet
Randolph
Hardy
Kanawha
GreenbrierFayette
Grant
Preston
Raleigh
Pocahontas
Boone
Clay
Nicholas
Wayne
Roane
Logan
Mingo
Pendleton
Lewis
Webster
Braxton
Ritchie
Mason
WoodTucker
Monroe
Lincoln
Mercer
Hampshire
Wirt
Jackson
McDowell
Tyler
Wyoming
Wetzel
Gilmer
Harrison
Upshur
Cabell
Marion
Putnam
Mineral
Barbour
Monongalia
Taylor
Ohio
Summers
Berkeley
Marshall
Calhoun
Doddridge
Morgan
JeffersonPleasants
Brooke
Hancock
0
-440
0-3
900
-400
0-3
800
-420
0
-460
0
-370
0
-340
0
-3600
-3300
-4100
-290
0
-100
-310
0
-4300
-4900
-320
0
-480
0
-350
0
-450
0
-520
0
-4700
-200
0
-150
0
-5100
-300
0
-500
0
-250
0
-2600
-280
0-2
700
-560
0
-550
0
-2400
-650
0
-230
0
-530
0
-640
0
-6000
-6100
-5400
-220
0
-5900
-6300
-500
-6200
-570
0
-5800
-400
0
-4900
-460
0-60
00
-530
0
-300
0
-5600
0
-520
0
-4900
-5000
-5000
0-340
0
-480
0
-400
0
-4100
-4500
0
-450
0
-600
0
-4900
-250
0
-400
0-250
0
0
-5000
-3000
0
-470
0
-5000
0
-270
0
-5700
-6000
-650
0
-440
0
0
-4800
-460
0
-4700
0 25 50 75 10012.5Miles
Structure Contours on top of Onondaga in feet
tfrom Cardwell, 1982
The Onondaga Limestone immediately underlies the Marcellus, so knowing the elevation of the top of the Onondaga and the surface elevation at a particular location provides a way to estimate the depth of a well drilled all the way through the Marcellus Shale.
Outcrops of Marcellus
The Marcellus is exposed at the surface in eastern WV as shown by the outcrop map. In the eastern-most counties, older rocks are exposed at the surface and the Marcellus is not present.
From 1968 state geologic map
Thickness in feet and extent of Marcellus Shale in subsurface
Marcellus not present west of this line
Area of thicker Marcellus
Marcellus not present east of here
For Further Information:
• WV Geological & Economic Survey,http://www.wvgs.wvnet.edu/
• WV Department of Environmental Protection, Office of Oil and Gas, http://www.wvdep.org/item.cfm?ssid=23
WVGES Interactive Mapping• http://www.wvgs.wvnet.edu
Information on Devonian Shales including Marcellus Shale
• Using this application, you can determine where the Marcellus is present below the surface, the approximate depth to drill through the Marcellus, and the approximate thickness of the Marcellus.
• We cannot predict presence or absence of natural gas or quantities of gas with this application.