Overcoming Inter-Symbol Interference with MIPI PHYs using ... · 2.5Gbps or above; This leads to...

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Manoj Sharma Tanikella, Sr. R&D Engineer) Amitkumar Shrichand Gound, Sr. R&D Engineer) Synopsys Overcoming Inter-Symbol Interference with MIPI PHYs using Training Sequences

Transcript of Overcoming Inter-Symbol Interference with MIPI PHYs using ... · 2.5Gbps or above; This leads to...

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Manoj Sharma Tanikella, Sr. R&D Engineer)Amitkumar Shrichand Gound, Sr. R&D Engineer)Synopsys

Overcoming Inter-Symbol Interference with MIPI PHYs using Training Sequences

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Agenda• Trainingsequencerequirements• ADAPTsequenceinMIPIM-PHY®• AlternatesequenceinMIPID-PHY℠• CalibrationsequencesinMIPIC-PHY℠• Summary

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Synopsys

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TrainingSequenceRequirements• Overviewonadaptiveequalizer• Purposeoftrainingsequences

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Synopsys

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AdaptiveEqualizerOverview

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Synopsys

Transmitter ReceiverEqualizer

01010011001110101010High-speedDATA

Filter AdaptiveEqualizer

DataProcessing

TrainingSequence

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PurposeofTrainingSequences

• Bitpatternsusedinadaptiveequalizermoduleareknownastrainingsequences• Receivermustrealizesequenceswellinadvance,sothatreceivercancompareandoptimize

itsco-efficientforproperDATAreception• SystemcansendDATAoncetrainingsequenceiscomplete• MostcommonlyusedtrainingsequencesarePseudoRandomBitSequences(PRBS)• Example:PRBS9,PRBS32,etc.

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Synopsys

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ADAPTSequenceinMIPIM-PHY• WhatisADAPT?• WhyandwhenADAPTsequenceisrequired?• PRBS9handling• ADAPToperation• Futurescope

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Synopsys

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WhatisADAPT?• Thetrainingsequenceusedtooptimizetheequalizersettingsof

thereceiver,inthiscaseM-RX,isknowasADAPT• ADAPTwasintroducedinMIPIM-PHYv4.0forhigherdatarate

HS_G4gear• ADAPTconsistsofMK0+PseudoRandomBitSequence+bit1’b0• PRBSwithequationX9 +X5 +1(PRBS9)isused

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Synopsys

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WhyandWhenADAPTSequenceisRequired?• AsMIPIM-PHYstartedsupportinghigherspeedHS_G4gear,inter

symbolinterferenceandnoiseincreased• In-ordertore-tuneequalizersettings,ADAPTsequencewas

introducedastrainingsequence• ADAPTsequenceorADAPTsub-stateisusedbeforestartingwith

HS-G4DATA• ADAPTSequence:PREPAREà ADAPTPATTERNà BURSTEND

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SynopsysPREPARE ADAPTPATTERN

(MK0+encodedPRBS9+1b0) BURSTEND

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PRBS9Handling• PRBS9isacombinationof9linear-shiftregisterswhereoutputof5th and9th

registersarexored andfeedbackisprovidedtoinput;Generates29 – 1=511bits• AsperstandardITU-TrecommendationO.150 and 0.153,patternbeginswithfirst

1’b1of9consecutiveONEs

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Synopsys

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PRBS9Handling(Continued…)

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Synopsys

• IfPRBS9isinitializedwithall1’s(1_1111_1111)onevery8clock,outputwillbe:• Bitformation1:11111111_10000011_11011111_00110010_00001001i.e.,‘hFFà ‘h83à

‘hDFà ‘h17à ‘h32à ‘h09• Bitformation2:11111111_11000001_11111011_01001100_10010000i.e.,‘hFFà ‘hC1à

‘hFBà ‘h4Cà ‘h90

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ADAPTOperation

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Synopsys

• ADAPToperationrequirements:– LinkshouldbeinHS_G4gear– M-RXattributeRX_ADAPT_Control shouldbeprogrammedto2’bX0

• WhereXcanbe0=InitialADAPTlengthor1=RefreshADAPTlength

• OnreceivingADAPTSTART.req fromprotocol,PHYmovestoADAPTsub-stateafterPREPAREandstartsdrivingADAPTsequenceforTADAPTlength;ADAPTsub-stateisendedbyBURSTENDSAP

WaveSnippetfromSynopsysM-PHYVIP

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ADAPTOperation

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• DurationforwhichcompleteADAPTsequencetakesisknownasTADAPT• M-RXhastwo8-bitcapabilityattributeforADAPTlength

– RX_HS_ADAPT_REFRESH_Capability– RX_HS_ADAPT_INITIAL_Capability

• M-TXTX_HS_ADAPT_Length shouldbegreaterorequaltoabovecapabilityvalues• AsperMIPIM-PHYspecificationTADAPT lengthiscalculatedasthefollowing:

Source:MIPIAllianceM-PHYv4.1

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FutureScope• ImproveperformancebyskippingSAVEstatebetweenADAPTand

DATAburst– i.e.,PREAPREà ADAPTà SYNCà DATA

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Synopsys

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AlternateSequenceinMIPID-PHY• Whatisalternatesequence?• Whyandwhenalternatesequenceisrequired?• PRBS9handling• Alternateoperation• Stateflow• Futurescope

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Synopsys

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WhatisAlternateSequence?• TrainingsequenceforoptimizationofreceiverequalizersettingsinMIPI

D-PHYusingPRBSpatternisknownasalternatesequence• AlternatesequencewasintroducedinMIPID-PHYv2.1• PRBSwithequationX9 +X5 +1(PRBS9)isused• Usedincombinationwithinitialskewcalibration

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Synopsys

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WhyandWhenAlternateSequenceisRequired?• SimilartoMIPIM-PHY,MIPID-PHYstartedsupportinghigherDATArate

2.5Gbpsorabove;Thisleadstosameintersymbolinferenceandnoise• Inordertore-tuneequalizersetting,alternatesequenceisintroducedas

trainingsequence• ItsmandatoryforDATAtransmissionabove2.5Gbps;designermaychooseto

supportalternatesequenceatorbelow2.5Gbps• Usedatlinkpowerupand/oronlinkre-initialization• AlternatesequencedividedintothreepartHS0à CalibrationSyncà

CalibrationPattern(PRBS9)

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Synopsys

HS0 CalibrationSync11110000 EOTLP00

CalibrationPatternPRBS9

LP11

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PRBS9Handling• MIPID-PHYwassecondPHYtointroducePRBS9forcalibration• PRBS9isinitializedwith9-bitvalue000000001• For8-bitdatawidthonevery8shifts,outputisformed;AsshowninfigureData[7:0]istheoutputfrom

shiftregister8to1

• For16/32bitdatawidth,samePRBS9willbeshifted16/32timestoformData[15:0]/Data[31:0]outputrespectively

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AlternateOperation• Initialskewcalibrationisfollowedbyalternatecalibrationwhenlinkisabove2.5Gbps

speed• AfterInitialskewlinksstopstateLP11,followedbyHS-requestLP01à LP-00à HS0• AlternatecalibrationconsistsofcalibrationsyncandPRBS9pattern

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SynopsysSource:MIPIAllianceD-PHYv2.1

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StateFlow

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SynopsysSource:MIPIAllianceD-PHYv2.1

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FutureScope• Alternatesequencecanstartassoonasinitialskewpatternends,

insteadofgoingtoSTOPstate

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SynopsysReference:MIPIAllianceDPHYVersion2.1

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CalibrationSequencesinMIPIC-PHY• Whatiscalibrationsequence?• Typesofcalibrationsequence• Preamblehandlingandoperation• Alternatecalibrationhandlingandoperation• User-definecalibrationhandlingandoperation• Stateflow• Futurescope

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Synopsys

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WhatisCalibrationSequence?

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Synopsys

• SimilartoMIPIM-PHYandMIPID-PHY,inMIPIC-PHY,trainingsequenceusedtooptimizereceiverequalizersettingsisknownasCalibrationsequence

• CalibrationsequenceswereintroducedinMIPIC-PHYv1.2• TherearethreedifferentcalibrationsequencesthatwereintroducedinMIPIC-PHY• CalibrationsequencewillbetransmittedalongwithDATAburst• Calibrationsequencesareusedwhensystemoperatesabove3.0Gsps• Systemmaysupportcalibrationbelow3.0Gsps DATAtransmission

CalibrationSequence Sync PostLP-000 High-SpeedPacketDATA LP-111

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TypesofCalibrationSequence

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• MIPIC-PHYintroducedthreetypeofcalibrationsequence– Preamblecalibration– Alternatecalibration– User-definecalibration

• Preamblecalibration– seriesof1’ssymbol– It’sdifferentfromnormalpreamblepattern– all3’s– soreceivercaneasly identifydifferencebetween

normalandcalibrationpreamble• AlternateCalibration

– Startsrightafterpreamblecalibration– BeginswithalternateIDfollowedbyalternatepattern(PRBS9)similarasothertwoPHYs

• User-defineCalibration– Startsrightafterpreamblecalibration– Beginswithuser-defineIDfollowedbyuser-definepattern

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PreambleSequenceHandling&Operation

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Synopsys

• Thiscalibrationtypeonlyconsistsofpreamblesequencewhichissequenceof1ssymbol• Sequenceof1symboltransmissiondurationoft3-CALPREAMBLE• t3-CALPREAMBLE shouldbeminimumofonegroup(7UI)toamaximumof256groups(7X256=1792UI)• Oncepreamblesequencecompletes,followedbySYNCandDATA

• t3-CALPREAMBLEFortransmitterrangesfrom7UIto1792UI• Receivershouldspecifyminimumvaluebywhichitcandetectsequenceof1symbol• Maxforreceiveris1792UI

WaveSnippetfromSynopsysC-PHYVIP

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AlternateSequenceHandling

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Synopsys

– Alternatecalibrationisdividedintothreeparts• Preamblecalibration• AlternateID• Alternatesequence(PRBS9)

– PreambleCalibration• Alternatecalibrationfirststartswithpreamblecalibration• Preamblecalibration(symbolof1)istransmittedfort3-CALPREAMBLE duration

– AlternateID• In-ordertoidentifywhichtypeofcalibrationreceiverisreceiving,afterpreamblecalibrationseven“3”

symbolistransmittedtoindicatestartofalternatecalibrationfort3-ASIDdurationwhichisfixedat7UI– Alternatesequence

• SimilartoMIPIM-PHYandMIPID-PHY,MIPIC-PHYalsousesPRBS9sequence• SequenceisencodedinsymbolsusingtheMIPIC-PHY3-phasemapperandencoder• Transmittedfort3-CALALTSEQdurationwithminimumofonegroup(7UI)to2048groups(7X2048=14336UI)

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AlternateSequenceHandling(Continued…)

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Synopsys

• Data0toData15represent16-bitoutputdataData[15:0];dataoutputiscollectedonevery16clockshift

• Thereisnofixvalueforinitialseed;belowgraphicshowswhenPRBS9isinitializedwithseedvalue0x0001

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AlternateCalibrationOperation

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Synopsys

t3-CALALTSEQFortransmitteritrangesfrom7UIto14336UI;receivershouldspecifyrequiredminimum;maxforreceiveris14336UI

WaveSnippetfromSynopsysC-PHYVIP

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User-DefinedSequenceHandling

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Synopsys

• User-definedcalibrationisdividedintothreeparts:– Preamblecalibration– User-definedID– User-definedsequence

• Preamblecalibration– User-definedcalibrationalsofirststartswithpreamblecalibrationasdiscussedlast– Preamblecalibration(symbolof1)istransmittedfort3-CALPREAMBLE duration

• User-definedID– In-ordertoidentifywhichtypeofcalibrationreceiverreceiving,afterpreamblecalibration“3333313”

symbolistransmittedtoindicatestartofuser-definedcalibrationfort3-UDIDdurationwhichisfixedat7UI• User-definedsequence

– Asnamesuggestsitconsistsofuserdefinesequence– Drivenfort3-CALUDEFSEQdurationwhichcanbeminimumofonegroup(7UI)to2048group(14336UI)

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User-DefinedCalibrationOperation

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Synopsys

t3-CALUDEFSEQFortransmitterrangesfrom7UIto14336UI;receivershouldspecifyrequiredminimum;maxforreceiveris14336UI

WaveSnippetfromSynopsysC-PHYVIP

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StateFlow

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Synopsys

Cal.Preamble

AlternateID

3333333

User-DefinedID33333313

Sync HSData

AlternateSequencePRBS9

User-DefinedSequence

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FutureScope• Toreduceclockcycleinsteadofsendingcalibrationineachburst,we

cansendcalibrationinfirstburst(whendrivingabove3Gsps)

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SynopsysReference:MIPIAllianceDPHYVersion2.1

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Summary

MIPIM-PHY MIPID-PHY MIPIC-PHY

UsedatSPEED HS-G4gear Speedabove2.5Gbps Speedabove3.0Gsps

Lowerspeedsupport NO Maysupport Maysupport

Patternsused PRBS9 PRBS9 Preamble,PRBS9andUser-define

Calibrationflow BeforeactualData AlongwithInitialskewbeforeactualData

AlongwithDataburstitself

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Synopsys

• Asdiscussed,trainingsequencesareintroducedtore-tunethereceiverequalizercircuitsforproperdatareceptionathighspeed

• Thesepatternsareusedbeforeactualdatatransmissionsothatreceivercanselftuneitself

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VCVIP&TestSuiteforMIPI• MIPICSI-2

– CSI-21.1,1.2– D-PHY1.1,1.2– CSI-21.3compliantwithC-PHY1.0andDPHY1.2– CSI-22.0compliantwithC-PHY1.1andDPHY2.0

• MIPICSI-3v1.0• MIPIDSI

– DSI1.1,1.2compliantwithD-PHY1.1– DSI1.3compliantwithD-PHY1.2– DSI2.0compliantwithC-PHY1.0andDPHY2.0

• MIPIDigRF v41.10,1.00and0.64

Synopsys

• MIPIHSI

• MIPIDBI2.0Specification

• MIPIDPI2.0Specification

• MIPIUniPro

• MIPII3C

• MIPIRFFE

• MIPISoundWire

• MIPISPMI2.0

• MIPIM-PHYv4.1

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Synopsys®DesignWare®MIPIIPPortfolio

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Synopsys

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Complementary Code Keying Modulation and Frequency … … · property. The first golden sequence acts as cyclic prefix (CP) that absorbs inter-symbol interference, and the second

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A simple and fast tool for the modelling of inter-symbol ...docs.mipro-proceedings.com/meet/21_meet_5504.pdf · A simple and fast tool for the modelling of inter-symbol interference

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SYMBOL DESCRIPTION SYMBOL DESCRIPTION SYMBOL …

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Standardized Chord Symbol Notationjazzstandards.info/data/documents/Standardized-Chord-Symbol-Notation.pdfStandardized Chord Symbol Notation Chords Chord Symbol Chord Formation Instead

Standardized Chord Symbol Notationjazzstandards.info/data/documents/Standardized-Chord-Symbol-Notation.pdfStandardized Chord Symbol Notation Chords Chord Symbol Chord Formation Instead

VALVE SYMBOL EQUIPMENTS SYMBOL ACTUATORS PUMP …

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Inter-Symbol Interference Reduction by Orthogonal ... Interference Reduction by Orthogonal ... OFDM simulation using ... Inter-Symbol Interference Reduction by Orthogonal Frequency

Inter-Symbol Interference Reduction by Orthogonal ... Interference Reduction by Orthogonal ... OFDM simulation using ... Inter-Symbol Interference Reduction by Orthogonal Frequency

Inter Symbol Interference

Inter Symbol Interference

Data Sheet CM2000 2.5Gbps Internet Speed Cable Modem• Nighthawk Multi-Gig Eco System support. Works best with the RAX120, RAX200, and Orbi RBK852 and future routers with 2.5Gbps

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3.0V to 5.5V, 2.5Gbps VCSEL and Laser DriverMAX3996 3.0V to 5.5V, 2.5Gbps VCSEL and Laser Driver 6 _____ Pin Description PIN NAME FUNCTION 1TC Temperature Compensation Set. The resistor

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SYMBOL DESCRIPTION DRAWING NO · 2019. 6. 13. · symbol description drainage network symbols symbol description fire fighting symbols symbol description gas network symbols symbol

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SYMBOL CODE NAME (symbol meaning) CODE SYMBOL NAME … · 2020-06-29 · 016 017 018 001 Power 002 003 Accessory 1 004 019 SYMBOL NAME (symbol meaning) SYMBOL CODE NAME (symbol meaning)

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Annual Review - Inter Pipeline Pipeline 2018 Annual...Exchange under the symbol IPL. Inter Pipeline is a major petroleum transportation, natural gas liquids processing ... growth project

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OFDM DEMODULATION USING VIRTUAL TIME REVERSAL PROCESSING ... · The extremely long underwater channel delay spread causes severe inter-symbol interference (ISI) for underwater acoustic

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Guide to Energy Symbols - PokemonTradingCards.net Team...P: Psychic Energy symbol F: Fighting Energy symbol C: Colorless Energy symbol D: Darkness Energy symbol M: Metal Energy symbol

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Inter Symbol Intereference

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