Overarching Principles
Transcript of Overarching Principles
Overarching Principles These principles should be kept in mind at all times when thinking about preschool curriculum and working with young children.
1. All children are capable of learning
2. Children show individual differences in development
3. Knowledge of child growth and development is essential for program development and implementation
4. Children’s language skills are the best indicators of academic success
5. Developmental domains are highly interrelated
6. Young children learn by doing
7. Families are the primary caregivers and educators of their young children
Overview of the Health Education Preschool Learning Experiences
Physical Development
Social and Emotional Health
Safety and Health Care
Review the Overview of Health Education document before continuing this module.
Physical Development 1 1. Listen to and use appropriate
language describing the names and functions of parts of the human body.
Books about Body Functions
Parts and More Parts by Tedd Arnold
Me and My Amazing Body by Joan Sweeney
The Magic School Bus Inside the Human Body by Joanna Cole
Physical Development 2 2. Build body awareness, strength, and
coordination through locomotion activities.
Gross Motor Activities
Gross Motor Activities
Hopping on one or two legs
Skipping
Running
Swinging
Riding a scooter or tricycle
Animal Movement Imitations Frog Rabbit Kangaroo elephant
Image courtesy of Bob Grahame (http://www.flickr.com/photos/83712832@N00/1362303899/) (2007) Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)
Physical Development 3 3. Discuss various aids and
accommodations used by people for the activities of daily life.
Age Appropriate Books about Children with Disabilities
Image courtesy of flickr by y.accesslab http://farm6.static.flickr.com/5204/5295173306_90944a88c7_z.jpg (2009) (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Image courtesy of flickr by hm.matheus http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1126/4609827016_1bb49bf82c_z.jpg (2009) (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Image courtesy of flickr by Clint Gardner http://farm1.static.flickr.com/172/395945986_b9933cc3f4_z.jpg?zz=1 (2009) (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Physical Development 4 4. Build awareness of
directionally and position in space.
Songs and Games for Spatial Awareness
Hokey Pokey
Simon Says
Follow the Leader
Jigsaw Puzzles
Image courtesy of wickedlocal.com http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT40lPjSKeLy5aq9FuLS5FQe8tb_jLGKSX1NyhcuMtCC784oXM&t=1 (2007) CC BY-NC-ND 3.0
Physical Development 5 5. Use both sides of the
body to strengthen bilateral coordination.
Bilateral Activities
Pushing a wheelbarrow
Jumping with two feet over a rope or jump-roping
Lifting things with both arms
Pushing a block on the ground with both feet
Sack Races Image courtesy of flickr by mollyjolly http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3013/2629982264_a338d7a355_z.jpg?zz=1 (2010) CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
Physical Development 6 6. Alternate the left and
right sides of the body and cross the midline of the body.
Single Side Activities
Hopping on one foot
Turning a jump-rope with one hand
Carrying an object with one hand
Hand over hand progress on climbing bars
Moving a large bubble wand with one arm
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Physical Development 7 7. Build upper body strength
and stability to gain controlled movement of shoulders.
Water-Funnel Video
Shoulder Strengthening Activities
Crab walk
Propelling self on a scooter with the arms
Hanging from two arms on the monkey bars
Pushing a wheelbarrow or cart
Pouring objects in a sand or water table
Physical Development 8 8. Strengthen hand grasp and
flexibility.
Activities
Playing with Playdoh with tools
Using clothespins
Squeezing squirt bottles or a turkey baster in the water table
Using a hand-size hole-punch
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Physical Development 9 9. Use thumb/forefinger in pincer
grip.
Activities
Pegboard
Moving small objects between containers
Making pictures with stickers
Playing with Legos
Using tweezers
Image courtesy of Luigi Chelsea (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chiodini_wiki.jpg) (2007) Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike Unpotted 3.0
Physical Development 10 10. Use a variety of tools
and materials to build grasp-and-release skill.
Scissors Video
Image courtesy of Tracy Lee (http://www.flickr.com/photos/tracyleephoto/3635018827/) (2009) Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Physical Development 11 11. Build finger dexterity.
Activities
Flipping coins
Putting pegs in LiteBrite©
Finger plays
Dressing dolls with zippers, snaps, and buttons Image courtesy of flickr by Rob Hayes.
http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4099/4849581042_d366eba126_z.jpg (2010) CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
Physical Development 12 12. Use eye-hand
coordination, visual perception and tracking, and visual motor skills in play activities.
Sewing Cards Video
Physical Development 13 13. Discuss
nutritious meals and snacks and the difference between junk food and healthy food.
Image courtesy of Steve Garfield (http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevegarfield/2504561841/) (2008) Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)
Physical Development 14 14. Practice personal
hygiene and safety measures.
Washing Hands Video
Clean eating surfaces
Wash hands
Do not share utensils or cups
Cough into a tissue or your elbow
Use cutting tools safely
Physical Development 15 15. Discuss gender and growth in age-appropriate ways.
Topics • Baby Animals • Babies • Growth • Differences between boys and girls • Differences between boys/men and girls/women • Constancy of gender Image courtesy of Shavar Cross
(http://www.flickr.com/photos/shavar/27886472/) (2005) Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Image courtesy of Muhammad Mahdi Karim (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kid_girl.jpg) (2008) Creative Commons Attribution/ShareAlike 2.5)
Social and Emotional Health 16
16. Recognize and describe or represent emotions such as happiness, surprise, anger, fear, sadness.
Books to Teach Feelings
Making Faces by Nick Butterworth
Mama Cat Has Three Kittens by Denise Fleming
Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day by Judith Viorst and illustrated by Ray Cruz
Ask Mr. Bear by Marjorie Flack
*Everybody Has Feelings by Charles E. Avery
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Social and Emotional Health 17
17. Talk about ways to solve or prevent problems and discuss situations that illustrate that actions have consequences.
Books for Teaching Conflict Resolution
Subway Sparrow by Leyla Torres
Mama, Do You Love Me? by Barbara Joosse
The Hating Book by Charlotte Zolotow
George and Martha: One Fine Day / George and Martha: Tons of Fun by James Marshall
Zinnia and Dot by Lisa Campbell Ernst
The Adventures of Connie and Diego by Maria Garcia Swimmy by Leo Lionni
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Social and Emotional Health 18
18. Talk about how people can be helpful/hurtful to one another.
Conflict Resolution Video
Techniques to Help Children with Hurtful Situations
Role Playing
Talking to Puppets or Stuffed Toys
Talking about situations that have happened
Reading Stories about hurtful situations
Social and Emotional Health 19
19. Practice independence and self-help skills.
Self-Help Skills Video
Self-Help Skills in Preschool
Serving themselves food from serving dishes
Eating independently
Dressing themselves
Using the toilet
Asking for help
Washing their hands
Daily school tasks-Writing, cutting, choosing toys
Social and Emotional Health 20
20. Describe members of their family and discuss what parents do for their children to keep them safe and healthy.
Families Books for Preschool
Safety and Health Care 21
21. Discuss strategies to prevent injury and illness, control the spread of disease, and promote cleanliness.
Image courtesy of Alan Levine (http://www.flickr.com/photos/cogdog/3193507634/0 (2009) Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)
Safety and Health Care 22 22. Talk about the common
symptoms of illness and injury and what they should do when they hurt or don't feel well.
Image courtesy of Bob Reck (http://www.flickr.com/photos/u2sockmonkey/143978332/sizes/o/in/photostream/) (2006) Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Safety and Health Care 23 23. Discuss tooth care and
dental health including brushing, flossing, and healthy foods.
Brushing Teeth Video
Image courtesy of Jill Watson (http://www.flickr.com/photos/jillwatson/4214426551/) (2009) Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Safety and Health Care 24 24. Discuss rules for safety
in a variety of settings including fire safety, weapons safety, bus safety, seat belt use, playground safety, as well as safety at home and in the community.
Safety and Health Care 25 25. Talk and listen to stories
about safe, unsafe, and inappropriate touch and ways to protect themselves.
Remind children hands are for helping.
The goal is to make them feel safe and know what to do if something bad happens.
Resources
http://barcc.org/information/educators/ece
http://training-center.neari.com/training-center/ Understanding Children's
Sexual Behaviors-From Natural and Healthy to Disturbed by Toni Cavanagh Johnson, Ph.D.
Safety and Health Care 26 26. Talk about what to do
when someone gets hurt and the rules for universal precautions (do not touch body fluids; wash hands after touching body fluids).
Image courtesy of flickr by ReSurge International http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2282/1555390904_cbacaeffef_z.jpg (2010) CC BY-NC-ND 2.0
Safety and Health Care 27 27. Identify and distinguish
between substances that are safe to be taken by mouth.
Safe to Eat Not Safe
Food Rocks
Drinks Dirt
Cough drops Toys
Gum Playdoh
Image courtesy of U.S. Army (http://usarmy.vo.llnwd.net/e1/-images/2009/03/03/31654/army.mil-31654-2009-03-03-140303.jpg” (2009)
Safety and Health Care 28 28. Describe the purpose of
medicines and how they can be used or misused, and what to do in an emergency.
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Safety and Health Care 29 29. Talk about some basic
ways they can keep their environment clean or take care of it.
Things to Do at School and in the Community
Pick up trash
Recycle
Plant a tree
Use fewer disposable items
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Next Steps Read the articles included below that support why these
standards are being taught and the best ways to teach them.
Look over the Health Education scope and sequence checklist and inventory for meeting Health Education standards and keeping track of how you meet them. This is also a tool that can be used to plan progress monitoring for students. Remember you can work on multiple standards simultaneously.
Complete the Health Education module quiz.
Complete and turn in your Health Education module assignment via Blackboard.
Congratulations!! You have completed the Health Education Module.