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Outlook on future Solar-Terrestrial missions
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Transcript of Outlook on future Solar-Terrestrial missions
Outlook on future Solar-Terrestrial missions
D. Berghmans & J.-F. Hochedez
Royal Observatory of Belgium
Solar Physics
macroscalesmicroscales
Scientific services
Space WeatherMonitoring
Data collectionand distribution
Solar Physics at ROB
Solar Physics (pure science)
macroscalesmicroscales
Scientific services (applied science)
Understanding the small-scale plasma behavior,
coronal heating
Understanding the large scale dynamics of the solar
atmosphere, flares & CMEs.
Space WeatherMonitoring
Data collectionand distribution
Bulletins, forecasts and alerts
Solar Physics at ROB
Solar Physics (pure science)
macroscalesmicroscales
Scientific services (applied science)
Understanding the small-scale plasma behavior,
coronal heating
Understanding the large scale dynamics of the solar
atmosphere, flares & CMEs.
Space WeatherMonitoring
Data collectionand distribution
Bulletins, forecasts and alerts
Solar Physics at ROB
Solar Physics at the Microscales
• State-of-the-art instruments • Highest spatial resolution imaging• Image cadence correspondingly fast• Multi-wavelength
Smallest flares contribute most Smallest flares are also fastest
Instrumentrequirements
Solar Physics at the Macroscales
Precursors to coronal mass ejections? CME statistics?
SOHO - EIT SOHO - LASCO
Solar Physics at the Macroscales
• fast EUV full disk imaging• coronagraphy & heliospheric imaging
Precursors to coronal mass ejections? CME statistics?
Instrumentrequirements
Space weather monitoring
• EUV full disk imaging and coronagraphy• Emphasis on continuous coverage, stability of operations and calibration• Solar indices
Instrumentrequirments
Overview priorities
1. High resolution & multi-wavelength
2. Continuous fast EUV full disk observations
3. Coronagraphy & heliospheric imaging
4. Solar activity indices
mac
rosc
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micro
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Spac
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Future solar space missions
Being built
• Stereo (2006)
– CMEs
• Solar-B (2006)
– Magnetism in the Corona
• PROBA2 (2007)
– CMEs & flares
• SDO (2008)
– 1st LWS mission
• PICARD (2009)
Being defined
• PROBA3 (2011)
– Advanced coronagraph
• SMESE
• Kuafu-A (2012)
– Space Weather Science
• Solar Orbiter (2015)
– Connecting in-situ and remote sensing
– High resolution
• Cosmic Vision solar mission
– 2020+ ?
PROBA3
• Inner coronographic Science investigations– Link X-ray and/or EUV disc imaging with higher
Corona observations
• SpW monitoring value– No other coronagraph at the time of operations
(2012)– 18h/day, but for only 1 year– Complementary payload TBD
• Similar to Stereo-HI or PROBA2-LYRA?
KUAFU
• Successful fast-progressing program• Focus on the Science of Space Weather
– Strong ILWS blessing, complement SDO
• Flexible remote sensing payload– Innovative concepts, significant ressources
• Permanent stereo?• Moses (spectro-imaging)• (polarimetric) Ly-alpha imager (S.O. preparation)
• Important role of Belgium– Pierre Rochus (CSL) EDI PI
Solar Orbiter
• Quasi-total Science Community support– The one ESA solar mission after SOHO
• Mission profile– Explore inner-heliosphere, Co-rotation vantage point, out-of-
the ecliptic (38° but in 2024)
• Large interest for In Situ Remote Sensing connection
• Belgian (ROB/CSL) interest for the Full Sun Imager
• Schedule and funding unclear(@ Time of writing)
Parameters limiting Solar (Orbiter) UV observations
2
2
d
PA
TA
SNR eff
ExpTimeSun
Distance to Sun.From 1 to 0.2 AU
the S.O. orbit brings 25.
Area @ Sun.From 500 km (TRACE) to 35-75 km, Solar Orbiter needs to
divide ASun by ~100
Time constants.To be divided by 100 (or more!)
The higher effective area ,the better
Radiance of Solar features
(filling factor will help?)
Signal-to-Noise ratio should be maintained or increased.
ROB assets in Solar space experiments
• Heritage in EUV observations– Data exploitation, innovative instrument design, calibrations,
advanced processing, Science operations…
• Development of UV detectors– LYRA (2002), BOLD (2006)
• Science Operation Data centre– PROBA2, PICARD, Kuafu TBC
• On-board S/W– Advanced compression schemes, onboard algoritmics– SWAP, LYRA, Smese tbc, S.O.-EUI tbc
Beyond 2018
• Forthcoming ESA Cosmic Vision call– Might be only one A.O.– Community not very ready (energy put to maintain
S.O.)– RISE: powerful obs at Earth orbit + probe– Solarnet: very high resolution mission by
interferometry. SIDC offered to lead• NASA
– Sentinels– Solar Probe??
• the “evolving Great Observatory” concept
Timeline
soho C
IR
C
IR
C
IR
C
IR
Stereo C
IS
C
IS
C
IS
C
IS
C
IS
Solar B I I I
SDO IR IR IR IR IR IR IR IR IR IR
PROBA2 IR IR IR
PROBA3 C C C
KUAFU CIH?S?
CIH?S?
CIH?S?
CIH?S?
CIH?S?
S.O. C
IH
C
IH
C
IH
C
IH
C
IH
C
IH
06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Gre
at O
bser
vato
ry
R: UV radiometerI: UV imagingC: Coronagraph
S: stereo abilityH: High resolution
Int’l conf in Gent