Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting...

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Outline: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting
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Transcript of Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting...

Page 1: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Outline: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Normal Fault Systems and

KinematicsKinematics• Planar Faults and Block Rotation

• Detachment Faulting

• Fault Linkage

• Kinematics of Normal Faulting

Page 2: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Development of Continental Rift into Ocean Basin

Page 3: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

East African Rift SegmentationEast African Rift Segmentation

Page 4: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.
Page 5: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.
Page 6: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Basin and Range Normal Fault BlocksBasin and Range Normal Fault Blocks

Page 7: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Rio Grande Rio Grande RiftRift

Segmentation Segmentation

Page 8: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Death ValleyDeath ValleyFault Zone Fault Zone

Fault StepoverFault Stepover

Page 9: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Closeup of StepoverCloseup of Stepover

Page 10: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Planar Normal Faults and Block Planar Normal Faults and Block

RotationRotation

Page 11: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Planar Normal Faults and Block Planar Normal Faults and Block

RotationRotation

Page 12: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Domino Block ExampleDomino Block Example

Page 13: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Domino Block ExampleDomino Block Example

Page 14: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Detachment FaultDetachment Fault

Page 15: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Detachment FaultDetachment Fault

Page 16: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Detachment FaultDetachment Fault

Page 17: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Soft-Linked SystemsSoft-Linked Systems

Page 18: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Kinematics of Normal FaultingKinematics of Normal Faulting

• Domino, Bookshelf-Style Normal Faulting

• Listric Normal Faulting with Reverse Drag

• Imbricate Listric Normal Faulting

• Inversion

Page 19: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Domino-Style Normal FaultingDomino-Style Normal Faulting

Page 20: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Domino-Style Normal Faulting (bookshelf Domino-Style Normal Faulting (bookshelf

faulting)faulting)

Occurs above Detachment faultsOccurs above Detachment faults

Page 21: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Listric-Planar Normal Fault Listric-Planar Normal Fault

SystemSystem

???

Page 22: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Listric-Planar Normal Fault Listric-Planar Normal Fault

SystemSystem

L

Page 23: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Listric Normal Faulting with Reverse Listric Normal Faulting with Reverse

DragDrag

Page 24: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Listric Normal Faulting with RolloverListric Normal Faulting with Rollover

Occurs due to space problem with curved Occurs due to space problem with curved

detachmentdetachment

Page 25: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Imbricate Listric Normal FaultingImbricate Listric Normal Faulting

Synthetic faults also accommodate collapse of HW blockSynthetic faults also accommodate collapse of HW block

Page 26: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

Imbricate Listric Normal FaultingImbricate Listric Normal Faulting

““Meatslices common in large displacement systemsMeatslices common in large displacement systems

Page 27: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

InversionInversion

• Normal faulting

• Syn-tectonic deposition of B

• Post-tectonic deposition of C

Page 28: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

InversionInversion

• Normal faulting

• Syn-tectonic deposition of B

• Post-tectonic deposition of C

• Thrust faulting

• Deformation of B and folding of C

Page 29: Outline: Normal Fault Systems and Kinematics Planar Faults and Block Rotation Detachment Faulting Fault Linkage Kinematics of Normal Faulting.

ReferencesReferences

Slides 1, 20, 21Slides 1, 20, 21Twiss, R. J. and E. M. Moores, Structural Geology, W. H. Freeman & Co., New York, 532 p., Twiss, R. J. and E. M. Moores, Structural Geology, W. H. Freeman & Co., New York, 532 p., 1992.1992.

Slides 3-6Slides 3-6http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/faults/normal/domino.htm

Slides 7-9Slides 7-9http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/faults/normal/detachment1.htm

Slide 10Slide 10http://earth.leeds.ac.uk/faults/soft/softnormal.htm

Slides 12-19Slides 12-19Davis. G. H. and S. J. Reynolds, Structural Geology of Rocks and Regions, 2nd ed., John Davis. G. H. and S. J. Reynolds, Structural Geology of Rocks and Regions, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York, 776 p., 1996.Wiley & Sons, New York, 776 p., 1996.