OsteoporosisCameron Dressen, Ryan Sanft, and Tyler Kohmetscher

Background Skeletal disease that is characterized

by low mineral density Occurs when the formation of new

bone doesn’t keep up with the removal of old bone

>10 million Americans older than 50 have this disease and another 34 million are at risk

Normal -1 to 1 standard deviations of a normal

BMD Osteoporosis

-2.5 to 2.5 standard deviations off of normal BMD

Types Primary Osteoporosis

Most common type More common in women than men▪ Women have lower BMD than men

Postmenopausal women-estrogen decreases

Testosterone decreases in men Secondary Osteoporosis

Caused by other medical conditions

Types (cont)

Osteogenesis Imperfecta Rare form present at birth Bones break for no reason

Idiopathic Juvenile Osteoporosis Ages 8-14 or during growth periods No known cause

Exercise Testing

Considerations Use bike as alternative to treadmill Avoid tests that would load the spinal

column Don’t do max tests with patients with

severe osteoporosis

Exercise Prescription

Individuals at risk have 1 or more risk factors Current low bone mass Age Female

If at risk use FITT principle to help maintain bone health

Exercise Prescription Frequency

Weight-bearing 3-5 days/wk Resistance 2-3 days/wk

Intensity Moderate intensity (60-80% 1RM) 8-12 reps High (80-90% 1 RM) 5-6 reps

Time 30-60 min/day

Type Weight-bearing- stair climbing, walking, etc Resistance Exercises

Special Considerations

Generally recommended Moderate exercise that doesn’t cause

pain Those with osteoporosis AVOID….

Explosive movement and high-impact loading

Twisting, bending or compression of spine

For elderly prescribe Stretching Balance exercises