OS&H STDS.
Transcript of OS&H STDS.
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Occupational Health &Safety System
ISO-18000
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Why the need for OHSAS?
Response to urgent customer demand for a recognizableoccupational health and safety management system standard
To address changing legislation and protect their workforce Need for health and safety management system that could be
audited and certified Applies to general industry and fills gap of health and safety
issues not covered by: Responsible Care (RC), Chemical Plant (PSM) industries or other
health and safety programs e.g. ISM Code (Marine Safety)
An OHSMS promotes a safe and healthy working environmentby providing a framework that allows an organization to consistently identify and control its health and safety risks, reduce the potential for accidents aid legislative compliance and improve overall performance
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Overview
OHSAS 18001 - Internationally recognizedassessment specification for OH SM systemsby leading trade bodies, internationalstandards and certification bodies
Can be adopted by any organization wishing
to implement a formal procedure to reduce therisks associated with health and safety in theworking environment for employees,customers and the general public
The following key areas are addressed byOHSAS 18001:
Planning for hazard identification, risk
assessment and risk control OHSAS management programme
Structure and responsibility
Training, awareness and competence
Consultation and communication
Operational control
Emergency preparedness and response
Performance measuring, monitoring andimprovement
It is an auditable protocol, against which acompany's health and safety managementsystem can be assessed
It does not state specific OH&S performancecriteria
Does not give detailed specifications fordesign of a management system
Intended to address OH&S for employees,temporary employees, contractors, visitors andother personnel on-site
Not intended to cover product and servicesafety
No accreditation scheme based on OHSAS18001 offered by any national accreditationbody e.g. RAB, UKAS, RvA, etc.
Certification bodies can only issue non-accredited certificates for OHSAS 18001 e.g.
Certificate of Conformance
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OHSAS 18001 and OHSAS 18002
The OHSAS 18000 series is the emerging standard sets for
occupational safety and health
OHSM Systems Specification - developed in need for arecognized standard against which occupational safety
management systems can be assessed It covers issues such as planning for hazard identification, risk
assessment/control, OHS management, awareness andcompetence, training, communication, emergency preparednessand response, performance measuring and improvement
OHSAS18001
Provides guidelines for the implementation of OHSAS 18001. Itexplains the requirements of this and how to work towardsimplementation/registration
OHSAS18002
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Summary of Changes
Standard, not a specification/ document
This reflects the increasing adoption ofOHSAS 18001 as the basis for nationalstandards on occupational health andsafety management systems
Commonly called the 2Cs Compatibilitywith ISO 9001 and ISO
14001 (IMS) To enable organizations to develop
"integrated management systems" Clarityin elements and definitions
New requirements Consideration of hierarchy of controls
Participation and consultation Management of change Investigation of incidents
New clause (element) Evaluation of compliance (not a new
requirement)
Much greater emphasis on "health" rather
than just "safety Hazardis not damage to property/
damage to workplace environment
The term "accident" is now included in theterm incident
Use ofAcceptable Risk in place of
tolerable risk Damage" is now not directly related to OHSM
and that it is included in the field of asset
management
The risk of such "damage" having an
effect on OHS should be identified
through the organization's risk
assessment process, and be controlled
through the application of appropriate
risk controls
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Reasons for change
To provide a results-oriented system
To refine the elements and definitions
To embrace modern concepts of occupational health and
safety management To further encourage management systems integration
and possibly increase the interest in the OccupationalHealth and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS)
Adoption of OHSAS 18001 as the basis for nationalstandards on OHS systems
Alignmentwith ISO 14001, ISO 9001, ILOOSH:2001, ANSIZ10 and AS/NZS 4801
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Important DefinitionsTerms Definitions OHSAS 18000
Hazard Source or Situation with a potential for harm in terms ofhuman injury or ill health, Damage in property, damage tothe workplace environment, or a combination of these
Risk Combination of the likelihood and consequence ofoccurrence of a specified hazardous event
Risk Assessment Overall process of estimating the magnitude of risk anddeciding whether or not the risk is tolerable
Accident Undesired event giving rise to death, ill health, injury,damage or other loss
Incident Event that gave rise to an accident or had to potential tolead to an accident ( including near-miss)
Harm The direct or indirect degradation, temporary orpermanent, of the physical, mental, or social well-being ofworkers.
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Scope of OHSAS
Promotion & maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and socialwell-being of workers
The prevention of adverse effects on the health of workers caused by theirworking conditions
The protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting fromfactors adverse to health
Creating and maintaining an occupational environment adapted to physicaland mental needs of the workers
The adaptation of work to humans
Consideration of issues relating to occupational medicine, industrial hygiene,toxicology, education, engineering safety, ergonomics, psychology, etc
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OHSAS
Health Safety
Health Issues are difficult to confront
Effect visible in long durations A Healthy workplace is a safe workplace
Exposure to hazards in the workplace can lead
to serious illness.
Also deals with social and mental well being
of the workers
Safety issues are easier to spot and assess
Can cause immediate loss/damage
A safe workplace may not be a healthy
workplace
Unsafe workplace can lead to accidents and
incidents
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Hazard Assessment Flow
Control or elimination should be as close to the source (location of thehazard) as reasonable and possible.
As technology, resources, social expectation or regulatory requirements
change, hazard analysis focuses control/elimination closer to thesource of hazard.
hazard control is a dynamic program of prevention Continuousprocess
A hazard-based program may not be able to eliminate all risks, butneither does it accept "satisfactory" -- but still riskyoutcomes.
IdentifyIndividualHazards at
Workplace
Assess theeffect of each
hazard
Eliminate theHazard
Control theHazard to
permissiblelimits
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Risk Assessment Flow
Modern occupational safety and health legislation usually demandsthat a risk assessment be carried out prior to making an intervention
Risk management requires risk to be managed to a level which is as lowas is reasonably practical.
Assessment of Risk based on Severity, Frequency & Detectability
Qualitatively, Risk Management is the description of the circumstancesby which the harm could arise
The assessment should be recorded and reviewed periodically andwhenever there is a significant change to work practices
Once recommended controls are implemented, the risk should be re-
calculated to determine of it has been lowered to an acceptable level
IdentifyIndividualHazards at
Workplace
Identify allaffected by
Hazard
Assess howare theyaffected
Evaluatethe Risk
Identify &prioritize
appropriatecontrol
measures
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Types of Hazard
Safety - moving machinery, working at heights, slippery surfaces,
mobile equipment, etc.
Ergonomic - material handling, environment, work organization, etc.
Chemical Agents
Biological Agents
Physical Agents - noise, lighting, radiation, etc.
Psychosocial - stress, violence, etc.