Oscon London 2016 - Docker from Development to Production
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Patrick Chanezon
@chanezon, Docker Inc.
Docker from development to production
London, October 2016
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French
Polyglot
Platforms
Software Plumber
San Francisco
Developer Relations
@chanezon
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1995 2015
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PublicHybridPrivate
Ops Devops Developers
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Linux Container Ecosystem
flockerglusterfs
weavecalicomidokuracisconuage
Cloud
OS
Plugins
Orchestration
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Agility
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Agile methodologies (circa 1999)
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Low MTBIAMSH
MTBIAMSH (Mean Time Between Idea And Making Stuff Happen)
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Agility == $$
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Devops
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25
Mainframe
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Client-Server
26
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27
Web
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28
Cloud - Devops
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Devops
• Cultural movement
• Inspired by agile methods
• People, Processes & Tools
• Continuous delivery
• Infrastructure as code
• Cross silo collaboration
• Small iterations
• Feedback loop, measurement
Image from Patrick Debois
http://www.slideshare.net/jedi4ever/devops-the-war-is-over-if-you-want-it
http://www.slideshare.net/jedi4ever/devopsdays-downundervfinal
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Devops: singing Kumbaya?
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28
http://highscalability.com/blog/2013/11/19/we-finally-cracked-the-10k-problem-this-time-for-managing-se.html
Server/Sysadmin
1999: 5(Windows) - 50 (Linux)
2015: 10k-20k
x2000
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28
https://blog.docker.com/2014/12/dockercon-europe-keynote-continuous-delivery-in-the-enterprise-by-henk-kolk-ing/
Henk Kolk, ING, DockerCon EU 2014
People, Processes, Products
deployment time: 9 months -> 15 min1500 deployments/week
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Docker Platform
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The world needs
tools of mass innovation
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A programmable Internet would be the ultimate
tool of mass innovation
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A commercial product,
built on
a development platform,
built on
infrastructure,
built on
standards.
Docker is building a stack to program the Internet
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Isolation using Linux kernel features
namespaces
pid
mnt
net
uts
ipc
user
cgroups
memory
cpu
blkio
devices
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Image layers
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What’s New?
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1.
Developer experience
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1. Get out of the way
The best tools…
2. Adapt to you
3. Make the
powerful simple
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Docker for Mac Docker for Windows
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2.
Orchestration
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Introducing the best way to orchestrate Docker: Docker.
Docker 1.12: now with orchestration built-in.
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Swarm mode
Service API
Cryptographic node identity
Built-in routing mesh
Docker 1.12: now with orchestration built-in.
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Using the beta? You already have 1.12 installed.
> docker swarm init
> docker service create
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3.
Ops experience
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Deep integration with native load-balancers, templates,
SSH keys, ACLs, scaling groups, firewall rules…
beta.docker.com
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Distributed Application Bundle
www.docker.com/dab
A portable format for multi-container applications
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Docker CaaS
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Goals
+ +
Agility Portability Control
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Cloud Zone 1
Cloud Zone 2 Data Center
Development
Center
Headquarters
Containerization: standard containers
on a standardized container engine
Orchestration: build and deploy
complex systems easily
Enterprise: Enable delivery and time
to value across a large, complex,
rapidly evolving enterprise
The Global Enterprise Supply Chain
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BUILDDevelopment Environments
SHIPRegistry: Secure Content &
Collaboration
RUNControl Plane: Deploy,
Orchestrate, Manage, Scale
Networking Volumes MonitoringLoggingConfig MgtCI/CD
IT Operations
Developers IT Operations
Docker CaaS Workflow
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Docker Containers as a Service platform
44
BUILDDeveloper Workflows
SHIPRegistry Services
RUNManagement
Docker for Mac and Windows Docker Trusted Registry Docker Universal Control Plane
Docker Cloud
Docker Container Engine
Ecosystem Plugins and Integrations
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UCP Permission Model
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Docker UCP 1.1 - DTR 2.0• HA
• Unified Auth
• Compose deployment
• UI to add nodes
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Security scanning in Docker Cloud
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Plumbing
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Notary
runC •
containerd •
HyperKit , VPNKit, DataKit •
SwarmKit •
libcontainer •
libnetwork • • Docker 1.8 : Docker Content Trust
• Docker for Mac
Docker for Windows
• Docker 1.12
with built-in
orchestration
• Docker 0.9 : Pluggable execution
• Docker 1.7 : Multi-Host Networking
• Docker 1.11:
OCI support
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Notary
“Let’s stop using curl|sh”
Trusted collections for any content
Transport-agnostic
Reliable updates, proof of origin, resistant to untrusted
transport, survivable key compromise
Build on industry-leading standards and research
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containerdA daemon to control runC
built for performance and density
http://containerd.tools/
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containerd
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Docker 1.11
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Docker for Mac architecture
(simplified)
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Hypervisor Framework
vmnet Framework
Docker Container Engine
Hypervisor
Linux
VPN
Data Service
Interface
Client Libraries
Admin GUI
CLI
Security Sandbox
Docker for Mac internals
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Hypervisor Framework
vmnet Framework
Docker Container Engine
Hyperkit
Linux
VPNKit
DataKit
Client Libraries
Admin GUI
CLI
Security Sandbox
Improving Docker with unikernel tech
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InfraKit
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Problem:
Managing Docker on different infrastructure isdifficult and not portable.
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Consistent User Experience
62
How do we handle updates to a cluster??
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Docker for AWS
EBS ELB
Container Engine
Storage plugin
Infrastructure Management
Network plugin Orchestration
IAM
CloudFormation
EC2VPC
Admin interface
Linux
User Applications / Services
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Docker for AWS
EBS ELB
Container Engine
Storage plugin
InfraKit
Network plugin Orchestration
IAM
CloudFormation
EC2VPC
Admin interface
Linux
User Applications / Services
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InfraKit
A toolkit for building declarative, self-healing infrastructure.
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Declarative
• JSON configuration for desired infrastructure state:
• Specification of instances — vm image, instance type, etc.
• Group properties — size, logical identifiers, etc.
• Design patterns encourage
• encapsulation
• composition
• Config is input to all operations — system figures out what to do66
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Self-healing
• Composed of a set of active components / processes that
• monitor infrastructure state
• detect state divergence
• take actions
• Continuous monitoring and reconciliation — always on
• No downtime — rolling update
67
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Toolkit
• Primitives for managing collections of resources
• create, scale, destroy
• rolling update
• Abstractions & Developer SPI
• Group - manages collection of resources
• Instance - describes the physical resource
• Flavor - extra semantics for handling instances
• A collection of executable, active components — plugins
• Initially, Go daemons in the toolkit
• Soon, easy management via Docker Plugins (runc)
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Architecture
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Instance Plugin
• Spec: specification / model of an instance (e.g. vagrant, EC2):
• Logical ID, Init, Tags, and attachment
• Platform-specific properties
• Methods:
• /Instance.Validate
• /Instance.Provision
• /Instance.Destroy
• /Instance.DescribeInstances
• Examples: instance plugins for EC2, Azure VM, Vagrant, … 70
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Flavor Plugin
• Gives more context about the group members:
• Size, or list of Logical ID’s (e.g. IP addresses for ‘pets’)
• Application-specific notions of ‘health’
Is the node not only present but also joined a swarm?
• Methods:
• /Flavor.Validate
• /Flavor.Prepare
• /Flavor.Healthy
• Examples: flavor for Zookeeper members, Docker swarm nodes71
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Group Plugin
• Main entry point for user interaction:
• Create, describe update, update, destroy
• Config JSON is always the input
• Composed of Instance and Flavor — mix and match to
manage cattle (fungible) or pets (special)
• Methods:
• /Group.Watch
• /Group.Unwatch
• /Group.Inspect72
• /Group.DescribeUpdate
• /Group.Update
• /Group.StopUpdate
• /Group.Destroy
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Configuration
Example config file (zk.conf): Group configuration = Instance + Flavor
{"Properties": {
/* raw configuration */
}}
{"groups" : {
"my_zookeeper_nodes" : {"Properties" : {
"Instance" : {"Plugin": "instance-vagrant","Properties": {
"Box": "bento/ubuntu-16.04"}
},"Flavor" : {
"Plugin": "flavor-zookeeper","Properties": {
"type": "member","IPs": ["192.168.1.200", "192.168.1.201", "192.168.1.202"]
}}
}}
}}
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Operations
• Make sure the plugins are running:• infrakit/group &; infrakit/zookeeper &; infrakit/vagrant &;
• “Watch” the group starts management:• infrakit/cli group watch zk.conf
• Update the config, e.g. change size or add IP address• Describe changes before committing —
infrakit/cli group describe zk.conf
• Begin update —
infrakit/cli group update zk.conf74
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Today
75
• InfraKit is just getting started… only
primitives for working with groups like
clusters of hosts
• But we have big plans
• Improve group management strategies
• More resource types — networking, load
balancers, storage…
• A cohesive framework for active
management of infrastructure — physical,
virtual, or containers
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Get Involved
• Help define and implement new and interesting plugins
• Instance plugins for different infrastructure providers
• Flavor plugins for systems like etcd or mysql clusters
• Group controller plugins — metrics-driven auto scaling
and more
• Help define interfaces and implement new infrastructure
resource types — load balancers, networks and storage
volume provisioners76
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More Info
• Github:
https://github.com/docker/infrakit
• A quick tutorial:
https://github.com/docker/infrakit/blob/master/docs/tutorial.m
d
77
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Demo
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THANK YOU